Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.9
S. Bhujbal, R. Deshmukh, J. Bidkar, V. A. Thatte, S. Awasare, Pratiksha Prahlad Garg
Mimusops elengi is a small or large evergreen tree (Sapotaceae) of western peninsula and is found in south India. It has been in use in the indigenous system of medicine since antiquity as a specific cure for the diseases of gum and teeth. The drug has been reported to be bitter, astringent, tonic, febrifuge, and as a cure for dysentery and constipation. The cytotoxic effects of ethanolic extract of barks of M. elengi was investigated on meristimatic cells of root tips of Allium cepa. The experiment was carried out by using different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 mg/mL) of standard cytotoxic drug cyclophosphamide and ethanolic extract. After 48 h and 96 h root length and mitotic index were calculated. The photomicrographs had shown the chromosomal abnormalities, stickiness, etc. with increasing concentration of ethanolic extract. The results of the presented study revealed that there is a significant decrease in percent mitotic index and root length of A. cepa with respective time and with increasing concentration.
{"title":"Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of barks of Mimusops elengi","authors":"S. Bhujbal, R. Deshmukh, J. Bidkar, V. A. Thatte, S. Awasare, Pratiksha Prahlad Garg","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.9","url":null,"abstract":"Mimusops elengi is a small or large evergreen tree (Sapotaceae) of western peninsula and is found in south India. It has been in use in the indigenous system of medicine since antiquity as a specific cure for the diseases of gum and teeth. The drug has been reported to be bitter, astringent, tonic, febrifuge, and as a cure for dysentery and constipation. The cytotoxic effects of ethanolic extract of barks of M. elengi was investigated on meristimatic cells of root tips of Allium cepa. The experiment was carried out by using different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 mg/mL) of standard cytotoxic drug cyclophosphamide and ethanolic extract. After 48 h and 96 h root length and mitotic index were calculated. The photomicrographs had shown the chromosomal abnormalities, stickiness, etc. with increasing concentration of ethanolic extract. The results of the presented study revealed that there is a significant decrease in percent mitotic index and root length of A. cepa with respective time and with increasing concentration.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.10
A. Nedelcheva
The wall fora of two buildings, the Historical Museum and the Dervish Bath (16t h century), in the central part of the town of Kyustendil was investigated. Previous data for the same area of study has shown that the wall flora includes more than 120 species of vascular plants. This study presents data from five years of observations (2005-2010). During the last three years the town administration has conducted an urban maintenance program, including old town walls. These activities changed the condition of the walls to specific vertical habitats. Restored and cleaned walls present a unique opportunity for spontaneous colonization by the diversified surrounding landscape flora. The present study shows the dynamics of species diversity and analyzes the conformities and trends about the origin of this process. Most of them are associated with wall characteristics such as ferns (Asplenium trichomanes and Asplenium rutamuraria) and typically xerophytes (Arenaria serpyllifolia). New species such as Acer negundo and Catalpa speciosa, were located on the roof of the buildings. Trees negatively affect a walls' structure and present a basic problem for the preservation of walls. Some are accepted as an additional ornamental element and contribute to the complete perception of architectural and historical sites especially mosses, ferns and flowering plants (e.g. Cymbalaria muralis, Sedum hispanicum, Chelidonium majus, Oxalis spp., Trifolium spp.). The total representation of alien species on the studied walls is 17% and the most common families among the alien species are Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Oxalidaceae, a few of them are also highly invasive (e.g. Ailanthus altissima, Acer negundo, Oxalis spp.). On the basis of the previous and present study the present state of the wall was estimated and recommendations were made about maintaining the old walls and their neighboring area.
{"title":"Observations on the wall flora of Kyustendil (Bulgaria)","authors":"A. Nedelcheva","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.10","url":null,"abstract":"The wall fora of two buildings, the Historical Museum and the Dervish Bath (16t h century), in the central part of the town of Kyustendil was investigated. Previous data for the same area of study has shown that the wall flora includes more than 120 species of vascular plants. This study presents data from five years of observations (2005-2010). During the last three years the town administration has conducted an urban maintenance program, including old town walls. These activities changed the condition of the walls to specific vertical habitats. Restored and cleaned walls present a unique opportunity for spontaneous colonization by the diversified surrounding landscape flora. The present study shows the dynamics of species diversity and analyzes the conformities and trends about the origin of this process. Most of them are associated with wall characteristics such as ferns (Asplenium trichomanes and Asplenium rutamuraria) and typically xerophytes (Arenaria serpyllifolia). New species such as Acer negundo and Catalpa speciosa, were located on the roof of the buildings. Trees negatively affect a walls' structure and present a basic problem for the preservation of walls. Some are accepted as an additional ornamental element and contribute to the complete perception of architectural and historical sites especially mosses, ferns and flowering plants (e.g. Cymbalaria muralis, Sedum hispanicum, Chelidonium majus, Oxalis spp., Trifolium spp.). The total representation of alien species on the studied walls is 17% and the most common families among the alien species are Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Oxalidaceae, a few of them are also highly invasive (e.g. Ailanthus altissima, Acer negundo, Oxalis spp.). On the basis of the previous and present study the present state of the wall was estimated and recommendations were made about maintaining the old walls and their neighboring area.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.2
Y. Dogan, I. Ugulu, N. Durkan, M. C. Unver, H. H. Mert, N. Durkan, M. C. Unver
This study was conducted in order to exhibit some of the ecological and economical attributes of Vitex agnus-castus, a typical Mediterranean plant. The study was conducted in two different stages. At first, soil samples of V. agnus-castus were collected from 38 different localities in the Western Anatolian part of Turkey during flowering to investigate the soil properties. It was observed that this plant generally prefers loamy-textured, neutral, and slightly alkaline soils poor in calcium carbonate, containing varying amounts of organic matter, moderate and rich in nitrogen, rich in phosphorus and deficient in potassium. In addition, the economical and ethnobotanical importance of V. agnus-castus was investigated. It was observed that the species is widely used as a pharmaceutical drug, as a dye plant, as a source of honey, as a material in basket weaving, and for ornamental use. It is used in landscape architecture because it is a shrub with beautiful flowers and aroma.
{"title":"Determination of some ecological characteristics and economical importance of Vitex agnus-castus","authors":"Y. Dogan, I. Ugulu, N. Durkan, M. C. Unver, H. H. Mert, N. Durkan, M. C. Unver","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.2","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in order to exhibit some of the ecological and economical attributes of Vitex agnus-castus, a typical Mediterranean plant. The study was conducted in two different stages. At first, soil samples of V. agnus-castus were collected from 38 different localities in the Western Anatolian part of Turkey during flowering to investigate the soil properties. It was observed that this plant generally prefers loamy-textured, neutral, and slightly alkaline soils poor in calcium carbonate, containing varying amounts of organic matter, moderate and rich in nitrogen, rich in phosphorus and deficient in potassium. In addition, the economical and ethnobotanical importance of V. agnus-castus was investigated. It was observed that the species is widely used as a pharmaceutical drug, as a dye plant, as a source of honey, as a material in basket weaving, and for ornamental use. It is used in landscape architecture because it is a shrub with beautiful flowers and aroma.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.11
I. Mchenga, M. Tsuchiya
We evaluate the use of the combination approach of fatty acid (FA) profiles and Carbon/Nitrogen ratios to investigate the feeding preference of the sesarmid crab Perisesarma bidens on different diets. The alga Enteromorpha intestinalis, Kandelia obovata leaves and propagules were used in a laboratory feeding assay. Consumption rates of P. bidens were higher in the order of algae= leaves>propagules. C/N ratios indicate that P. bidens significantly assimilates both nitrogen and carbon from algae, nitrogen but not carbon from brown leaves, and only carbon from propagules. A comparison of FAs in tissues and faeces indicated that crabs efficiently assimilate essential FAs (EFAs) from a given diet in the order of algae>leaves>propagules. Results of higher EFA ratios ( 3/ 6) match with that of low C/N ratios indicating that algae had higher nutritional value than leaves and propagules. FA profiles suggested that brown leaf palatability was due to decomposing activity by bacteria and fungi in the leaf tissues. These data suggest that the combination of FA profiles and C/N ratios provides a better understanding of the diet choice by sesarmid crabs.
{"title":"Do fatty acid profiles help to explain sesarmid crabs food choice","authors":"I. Mchenga, M. Tsuchiya","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.11","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate the use of the combination approach of fatty acid (FA) profiles and Carbon/Nitrogen ratios to investigate the feeding preference of the sesarmid crab Perisesarma bidens on different diets. The alga Enteromorpha intestinalis, Kandelia obovata leaves and propagules were used in a laboratory feeding assay. Consumption rates of P. bidens were higher in the order of algae= leaves>propagules. C/N ratios indicate that P. bidens significantly assimilates both nitrogen and carbon from algae, nitrogen but not carbon from brown leaves, and only carbon from propagules. A comparison of FAs in tissues and faeces indicated that crabs efficiently assimilate essential FAs (EFAs) from a given diet in the order of algae>leaves>propagules. Results of higher EFA ratios ( 3/ 6) match with that of low C/N ratios indicating that algae had higher nutritional value than leaves and propagules. FA profiles suggested that brown leaf palatability was due to decomposing activity by bacteria and fungi in the leaf tissues. These data suggest that the combination of FA profiles and C/N ratios provides a better understanding of the diet choice by sesarmid crabs.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.3
Xavier Moses Martin, C. Sumathi, V. Kannan
In the present study, the effort has been taken to analyze the effects caused by agrochemicals. The best alternative to agrochemicals is biofertilizers. It is necessary to understand the beneficial role played by biofertilizer in crop production and regaining the soil fertility. Thus, the present study compares the effect of agrochemicals [fertilizers (urea), fungicide (carbendazim) and insecticide (endosulfan)] and biofertilizers (Azotobacter sp.) on maize under nursery trials were carried out in Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) by altering the present recommendation. The effect of above-mentioned treatments was studied based on the maize growth, phytochemical concentrations, soil fertility level and microbial population. The treatment with Azotobacter sp. and actual recommended dose of urea were performing well when compared to other agrochemical treatments. The higher the concentration of agrochemical application, lower is the plant growth. It is incurred from the study that generally the usage of agrochemicals was seriously disturbing plant biotic characters and soil ecology.
{"title":"Influence of agrochemicals and Azotobacter sp. application on soil fertility in relation to maize growth under nursery conditions","authors":"Xavier Moses Martin, C. Sumathi, V. Kannan","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.3","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the effort has been taken to analyze the effects caused by agrochemicals. The best alternative to agrochemicals is biofertilizers. It is necessary to understand the beneficial role played by biofertilizer in crop production and regaining the soil fertility. Thus, the present study compares the effect of agrochemicals [fertilizers (urea), fungicide (carbendazim) and insecticide (endosulfan)] and biofertilizers (Azotobacter sp.) on maize under nursery trials were carried out in Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) by altering the present recommendation. The effect of above-mentioned treatments was studied based on the maize growth, phytochemical concentrations, soil fertility level and microbial population. The treatment with Azotobacter sp. and actual recommended dose of urea were performing well when compared to other agrochemical treatments. The higher the concentration of agrochemical application, lower is the plant growth. It is incurred from the study that generally the usage of agrochemicals was seriously disturbing plant biotic characters and soil ecology.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.5
B. Laribi, N. Zoghlami, M. Lamine, K. Kouki, A. Ghorbel, A. Mougou
For the first time, genetic variability and differentiation among five annual caraway (Carum carvi) populations originating from Tunisia, Germany and Egypt were examined. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data were obtained and analysed with respect to genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow. Fourteen primers generated a total of 136 discernible and reproducible bands across the analyzed populations, out of which 56 were polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis permitted the discrimination of all the genotypes and their sorting into 3 main groups. Tunisian caraway populations diverged significantly from German and Egyptian ones. Population clustering was made dependently from geographic origin. This has been further explained at the DNA level as we were able to select a set of RAPD fingerprints unique to each of the studied populations. Furthermore, dimensional graph derived from factorial analysis of RAPD frequency data, allowed significant grouping of the genotypes into five sub-plots, representing each one population. Shannon's index values showed that variation ranks between rather than within populations. These results indicated that considerable genetic differences among C. carvi populations were registered.
{"title":"RAPD-based assessment of genetic diversity among annual caraway (Carum carvi) populations","authors":"B. Laribi, N. Zoghlami, M. Lamine, K. Kouki, A. Ghorbel, A. Mougou","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.5","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time, genetic variability and differentiation among five annual caraway (Carum carvi) populations originating from Tunisia, Germany and Egypt were examined. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data were obtained and analysed with respect to genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow. Fourteen primers generated a total of 136 discernible and reproducible bands across the analyzed populations, out of which 56 were polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis permitted the discrimination of all the genotypes and their sorting into 3 main groups. Tunisian caraway populations diverged significantly from German and Egyptian ones. Population clustering was made dependently from geographic origin. This has been further explained at the DNA level as we were able to select a set of RAPD fingerprints unique to each of the studied populations. Furthermore, dimensional graph derived from factorial analysis of RAPD frequency data, allowed significant grouping of the genotypes into five sub-plots, representing each one population. Shannon's index values showed that variation ranks between rather than within populations. These results indicated that considerable genetic differences among C. carvi populations were registered.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.15
N. Fakharedine, Mouna Ouadghiri, M. Amar, P. Winterton, M. Hafidi, Y. Ouhdouch
Yeasts are widely used in various sectors of biomedical research, biotechnologies and environmental contexts. During the treatment of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) by yeasts, extensive degradation of the polyphenols responsible for the highly toxic nature of this effluent occurs. In this study, one yeast isolate was selected for its ability to use the phenolic compounds in OMW as the sole carbon source for growth. The treatment of OMW using this isolate reduced the levels of polyphenols by about 50% and the fats by over 80%. Analysis of the polyphenol pool by HPLC revealed the presence of 6 compounds, most of which had disappeared after 5 and 25 days of treatment. Using API ID 32C, the taxonomic study of the selected isolate was found to be 99.9% identical to Candida valida. However, the molecular data using the Rep-PCR technique showed 83.6% similarity to Pichia membranifaciens and 80.6% to Pichia anomala.
酵母广泛应用于生物医学研究、生物技术和环境的各个领域。在酵母处理橄榄油厂废水(OMW)的过程中，造成这种废水剧毒性质的多酚会发生广泛降解。在本研究中，选择了一种酵母分离物，因为它能够利用OMW中的酚类化合物作为生长的唯一碳源。使用该分离物处理的OMW使多酚含量降低了约50%，脂肪含量降低了80%以上。高效液相色谱法分析多酚池中存在6种化合物，其中大部分在处理5天和25天后消失。使用API ID 32C进行分类研究，发现所选分离物与假丝酵母(Candida valida)的同源性为99.9%。然而，利用Rep-PCR技术的分子数据显示，与膜性毕赤酵母的相似性为83.6%，与异常毕赤酵母的相似性为80.6%。
{"title":"Isolation and identification of a yeast strain involved in the degradation of Marrakech olive mill wastewater","authors":"N. Fakharedine, Mouna Ouadghiri, M. Amar, P. Winterton, M. Hafidi, Y. Ouhdouch","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.15","url":null,"abstract":"Yeasts are widely used in various sectors of biomedical research, biotechnologies and environmental contexts. During the treatment of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) by yeasts, extensive degradation of the polyphenols responsible for the highly toxic nature of this effluent occurs. In this study, one yeast isolate was selected for its ability to use the phenolic compounds in OMW as the sole carbon source for growth. The treatment of OMW using this isolate reduced the levels of polyphenols by about 50% and the fats by over 80%. Analysis of the polyphenol pool by HPLC revealed the presence of 6 compounds, most of which had disappeared after 5 and 25 days of treatment. Using API ID 32C, the taxonomic study of the selected isolate was found to be 99.9% identical to Candida valida. However, the molecular data using the Rep-PCR technique showed 83.6% similarity to Pichia membranifaciens and 80.6% to Pichia anomala.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.12
L. Khayyat
The present study investigates the possible histopathological effects of isothermal non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the kidney and testis of mice. Forty five adult male BALB/c mice were divided into two experimental groups and a control group. One group was exposed to frequency electromagnetic radiation between 3.9 x 10/4 Hz and 7.5 x 1014 Hz for 8 h per day for 3 days and other group was exposed to frequency electromagnetic radiation between 3.9 x 1014 Hz and 7.5 x 1014 Hz for 8 h per day for 12 days. At the end of the exposed period, light microscopical studies. Significant histopathological alterations were observed in the treated animals after 3 days. The kidney showed congested blood vessels, vacuolated and degenerated renal tubules with necrosis in the renal epithelium, dilatation of Bowman's capsule with atrophied glomeruli, and infiltration of leucocytes. The testis showed atrophied seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue expended the space between the seminiferous tubules, necrosis in the germinal epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules, a decrease in sertoli cells, deceleration of spermatogenesis, and degeneration of germ cells. The histopathological alterations in the kidney and testis were more obvious after 12 days of treatment.
{"title":"The histopathological effects of an electromagnetic field on the kidney and testis of mice","authors":"L. Khayyat","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the possible histopathological effects of isothermal non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the kidney and testis of mice. Forty five adult male BALB/c mice were divided into two experimental groups and a control group. One group was exposed to frequency electromagnetic radiation between 3.9 x 10/4 Hz and 7.5 x 1014 Hz for 8 h per day for 3 days and other group was exposed to frequency electromagnetic radiation between 3.9 x 1014 Hz and 7.5 x 1014 Hz for 8 h per day for 12 days. At the end of the exposed period, light microscopical studies. Significant histopathological alterations were observed in the treated animals after 3 days. The kidney showed congested blood vessels, vacuolated and degenerated renal tubules with necrosis in the renal epithelium, dilatation of Bowman's capsule with atrophied glomeruli, and infiltration of leucocytes. The testis showed atrophied seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue expended the space between the seminiferous tubules, necrosis in the germinal epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules, a decrease in sertoli cells, deceleration of spermatogenesis, and degeneration of germ cells. The histopathological alterations in the kidney and testis were more obvious after 12 days of treatment.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.8
N. Akcan, F. Uyar
The production of extracellular alkaline protease by producing Bacillus subtilis RSKK96 was studied with solid state fermentation (SSF). Different agro residues as substrate were studied for enzyme production. The highest enzyme production was expressed with lentil husk as units per mass of dry substrate (3937.0 U/mg). Production parameters were optimized as incubation time 120 h, extraction medium Triton-X100 1%, initial moisture content 30%, initial pH 9.0. The high level of alkaline protease was obtained in the medium containing arabinose followed by lactose, galactose, and fructose. Among various nitrogen sources, beef extract was found to be the best inducer of alkaline protease, while other nitrogen sources repressed enzyme production. Among metal salts FeSO4.7H2O and MgSO4.7H2O was found to increase protease production. The maximum enzyme production (5759.2 U/mg) was observed with lentil husk in 1000 mL of fermentation medium volume.
{"title":"Production of extracellular alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis RSKK96 with solid state fermentation","authors":"N. Akcan, F. Uyar","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.8","url":null,"abstract":"The production of extracellular alkaline protease by producing Bacillus subtilis RSKK96 was studied with solid state fermentation (SSF). Different agro residues as substrate were studied for enzyme production. The highest enzyme production was expressed with lentil husk as units per mass of dry substrate (3937.0 U/mg). Production parameters were optimized as incubation time 120 h, extraction medium Triton-X100 1%, initial moisture content 30%, initial pH 9.0. The high level of alkaline protease was obtained in the medium containing arabinose followed by lactose, galactose, and fructose. Among various nitrogen sources, beef extract was found to be the best inducer of alkaline protease, while other nitrogen sources repressed enzyme production. Among metal salts FeSO4.7H2O and MgSO4.7H2O was found to increase protease production. The maximum enzyme production (5759.2 U/mg) was observed with lentil husk in 1000 mL of fermentation medium volume.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.4
M. Ahemad, M. S. Khan
In modern agronomy, insecticides of the diverse chemical families are repeatedly used to control various plant growth limiting insect pests and to improve plant productivity. However, the intensive application of these plant protecting agrochemicals results in their accumulation in soils in substantial concentration and deteriorates the soil fertility. Previous studies concerning the effect of insecticides are commonly confined to a specific legume and reports about the concurrent impact of any specific insecticide on more than one legume in parallel are rare. The present study was therefore, designed to assess the effect of insecticide fipronil simultaneously on common food legumes (chickpea, pea, lentil and green gram). In this study, fipronil displayed a varying degree of toxicity to the tested legumes. The highest toxicity of fipronil was observed in the shoot dry biomass, leghaemoglobin and chlorophyll content, and the seed protein in chickpea, nodule numbers and nodule biomass in pea, root dry biomass and shoot N in green gram, and nodule biomass, root N, root P, shoot P, and seed yield in lentil. Generally, the most toxic effect of fipronil was observed on the growth parameters of lentil plants.
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