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Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of barks of Mimusops elengi 竹节草树皮细胞毒活性的评价
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.9
S. Bhujbal, R. Deshmukh, J. Bidkar, V. A. Thatte, S. Awasare, Pratiksha Prahlad Garg
Mimusops elengi is a small or large evergreen tree (Sapotaceae) of western peninsula and is found in south India. It has been in use in the indigenous system of medicine since antiquity as a specific cure for the diseases of gum and teeth. The drug has been reported to be bitter, astringent, tonic, febrifuge, and as a cure for dysentery and constipation. The cytotoxic effects of ethanolic extract of barks of M. elengi was investigated on meristimatic cells of root tips of Allium cepa. The experiment was carried out by using different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 mg/mL) of standard cytotoxic drug cyclophosphamide and ethanolic extract. After 48 h and 96 h root length and mitotic index were calculated. The photomicrographs had shown the chromosomal abnormalities, stickiness, etc. with increasing concentration of ethanolic extract. The results of the presented study revealed that there is a significant decrease in percent mitotic index and root length of A. cepa with respective time and with increasing concentration.
米苏ops elengi是西部半岛的一种小型或大型常绿乔木(仙人掌科),发现于印度南部。自古以来,它就被用于本土医学系统中,作为牙龈和牙齿疾病的特殊治疗方法。据报道,这种药是苦的、涩的、滋补的、退热的,可以治疗痢疾和便秘。本文研究了姜皮醇提物对葱根尖分生细胞的细胞毒作用。采用不同浓度(2.5、5、10 mg/mL)的标准细胞毒药物环磷酰胺和乙醇提取物进行实验。48 h和96 h后计算根长和有丝分裂指数。显微照片显示,随着乙醇提取物浓度的增加,染色体出现异常、粘连等现象。结果表明,随着时间和浓度的增加,茜草的有丝分裂指数和根长呈显著下降趋势。
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引用次数: 23
Observations on the wall flora of Kyustendil (Bulgaria) 保加利亚Kyustendil植物壁区系观察
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.10
A. Nedelcheva
The wall fora of two buildings, the Historical Museum and the Dervish Bath (16t h century), in the central part of the town of Kyustendil was investigated. Previous data for the same area of study has shown that the wall flora includes more than 120 species of vascular plants. This study presents data from five years of observations (2005-2010). During the last three years the town administration has conducted an urban maintenance program, including old town walls. These activities changed the condition of the walls to specific vertical habitats. Restored and cleaned walls present a unique opportunity for spontaneous colonization by the diversified surrounding landscape flora. The present study shows the dynamics of species diversity and analyzes the conformities and trends about the origin of this process. Most of them are associated with wall characteristics such as ferns (Asplenium trichomanes and Asplenium rutamuraria) and typically xerophytes (Arenaria serpyllifolia). New species such as Acer negundo and Catalpa speciosa, were located on the roof of the buildings. Trees negatively affect a walls' structure and present a basic problem for the preservation of walls. Some are accepted as an additional ornamental element and contribute to the complete perception of architectural and historical sites especially mosses, ferns and flowering plants (e.g. Cymbalaria muralis, Sedum hispanicum, Chelidonium majus, Oxalis spp., Trifolium spp.). The total representation of alien species on the studied walls is 17% and the most common families among the alien species are Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Oxalidaceae, a few of them are also highly invasive (e.g. Ailanthus altissima, Acer negundo, Oxalis spp.). On the basis of the previous and present study the present state of the wall was estimated and recommendations were made about maintaining the old walls and their neighboring area.
对位于Kyustendil镇中心的两座建筑——历史博物馆和苦行僧浴室(16世纪)的城墙进行了调查。先前对同一研究区域的数据表明,壁面植物区系包括120多种维管植物。本研究提供了5年观察(2005-2010)的数据。在过去三年中,镇政府进行了一项城市维护计划,包括旧城墙。这些活动改变了墙壁的状况,使其成为特定的垂直栖息地。修复和清洁的墙壁为周围多样化的景观植物自发殖民提供了独特的机会。本研究显示了物种多样性的动态,并分析了这一过程的一致性和起源趋势。它们大多与壁特征有关,如蕨类植物(阿斯帕利亚和阿斯帕利亚)和典型的旱生植物(阿斯帕利亚)。建筑物的屋顶上还发现了一些新物种,如槭和梓。树木会对墙体的结构产生负面影响,并对墙体的保存提出了一个基本问题。有些被认为是一种额外的观赏元素,有助于建筑和历史遗址的完整感知,尤其是苔藓、蕨类植物和开花植物(如银balaria muralis、Sedum hispanicum、Chelidonium majus、Oxalis spp.、Trifolium spp.)。外来种在研究壁上的总代表性为17%,其中最常见的科是Asteraceae、Brassicaceae、Poaceae、Fabaceae和Oxalidaceae,少数也是高度入侵的(如Ailanthus altissima、Acer negundo、Oxalis spp.)。在前人研究的基础上,对古城墙的现状进行了评估,并对古城墙及其周边地区的维护提出了建议。
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引用次数: 17
Determination of some ecological characteristics and economical importance of Vitex agnus-castus 牡荆的一些生态特性及其经济价值的测定
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.2
Y. Dogan, I. Ugulu, N. Durkan, M. C. Unver, H. H. Mert, N. Durkan, M. C. Unver
This study was conducted in order to exhibit some of the ecological and economical attributes of Vitex agnus-castus, a typical Mediterranean plant. The study was conducted in two different stages. At first, soil samples of V. agnus-castus were collected from 38 different localities in the Western Anatolian part of Turkey during flowering to investigate the soil properties. It was observed that this plant generally prefers loamy-textured, neutral, and slightly alkaline soils poor in calcium carbonate, containing varying amounts of organic matter, moderate and rich in nitrogen, rich in phosphorus and deficient in potassium. In addition, the economical and ethnobotanical importance of V. agnus-castus was investigated. It was observed that the species is widely used as a pharmaceutical drug, as a dye plant, as a source of honey, as a material in basket weaving, and for ornamental use. It is used in landscape architecture because it is a shrub with beautiful flowers and aroma.
本研究旨在揭示典型的地中海植物牡荆的一些生态和经济特性。这项研究分两个阶段进行。首先,在土耳其西部安纳托利亚地区的38个不同地点采集了阿格努斯-castus开花期间的土壤样品,以研究土壤特性。结果表明,该植物一般喜栽于贫碳酸钙、有机质含量不同、中富氮、富磷、缺钾的壤土、中性、微碱性土壤。此外,还调查了仙人掌的经济和民族植物学意义。据观察,该物种被广泛用作药物,作为染料植物,作为蜂蜜的来源,作为篮子编织的材料和观赏用途。它是一种具有美丽花朵和香气的灌木,因此被用于景观建筑。
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引用次数: 24
Do fatty acid profiles help to explain sesarmid crabs food choice 脂肪酸谱有助于解释芝麻蟹的食物选择吗
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.11
I. Mchenga, M. Tsuchiya
We evaluate the use of the combination approach of fatty acid (FA) profiles and Carbon/Nitrogen ratios to investigate the feeding preference of the sesarmid crab Perisesarma bidens on different diets. The alga Enteromorpha intestinalis, Kandelia obovata leaves and propagules were used in a laboratory feeding assay. Consumption rates of P. bidens were higher in the order of algae= leaves>propagules. C/N ratios indicate that P. bidens significantly assimilates both nitrogen and carbon from algae, nitrogen but not carbon from brown leaves, and only carbon from propagules. A comparison of FAs in tissues and faeces indicated that crabs efficiently assimilate essential FAs (EFAs) from a given diet in the order of algae>leaves>propagules. Results of higher EFA ratios ( 3/ 6) match with that of low C/N ratios indicating that algae had higher nutritional value than leaves and propagules. FA profiles suggested that brown leaf palatability was due to decomposing activity by bacteria and fungi in the leaf tissues. These data suggest that the combination of FA profiles and C/N ratios provides a better understanding of the diet choice by sesarmid crabs.
利用脂肪酸谱和碳氮比的组合方法,研究了芝麻蟹对不同饲料的摄食偏好。以肠Enteromorpha ininalis、倒卵形坎大莱(Kandelia obovata)叶片和繁殖体为材料,进行了实验室饲养试验。从藻类=叶片>繁殖体的顺序来看,拜登草的消耗率较高。C/N比值表明,拜登草对藻类的氮和碳均有显著的吸收,对褐叶的氮和碳不吸收,对繁殖体的碳只吸收。组织和粪便中脂肪酸含量的比较表明,蟹类能有效地从特定的日粮中吸收必需脂肪酸(EFAs),其顺序为藻类>叶片>繁殖体。较高的EFA比率(3/ 6)与较低的C/N比率相吻合,表明藻类比叶片和繁殖体具有更高的营养价值。FA分析表明,棕色叶片的适口性是由于叶片组织中细菌和真菌的分解活性所致。这些数据表明,结合FA谱和碳氮比可以更好地了解芝麻蟹的日粮选择。
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引用次数: 3
Influence of agrochemicals and Azotobacter sp. application on soil fertility in relation to maize growth under nursery conditions 苗圃条件下施用农药和固氮菌对土壤肥力与玉米生长的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.3
Xavier Moses Martin, C. Sumathi, V. Kannan
In the present study, the effort has been taken to analyze the effects caused by agrochemicals. The best alternative to agrochemicals is biofertilizers. It is necessary to understand the beneficial role played by biofertilizer in crop production and regaining the soil fertility. Thus, the present study compares the effect of agrochemicals [fertilizers (urea), fungicide (carbendazim) and insecticide (endosulfan)] and biofertilizers (Azotobacter sp.) on maize under nursery trials were carried out in Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) by altering the present recommendation. The effect of above-mentioned treatments was studied based on the maize growth, phytochemical concentrations, soil fertility level and microbial population. The treatment with Azotobacter sp. and actual recommended dose of urea were performing well when compared to other agrochemical treatments. The higher the concentration of agrochemical application, lower is the plant growth. It is incurred from the study that generally the usage of agrochemicals was seriously disturbing plant biotic characters and soil ecology.
在目前的研究中,已努力分析农用化学品造成的影响。生物肥料是农用化学品的最佳替代品。有必要了解生物肥料在作物生产和恢复土壤肥力方面的有益作用。因此,本研究比较了农用化学品[肥料(尿素)、杀菌剂(多菌肼)和杀虫剂(硫丹)]和生物肥料(固氮菌sp.)对苗圃玉米的影响,采用完全随机区组设计(CRBD)进行了试验,改变了目前的推荐标准。以玉米生长、植物化学物质浓度、土壤肥力水平和微生物种群为指标,研究了上述处理的效果。与其他农药处理相比,固氮菌处理和尿素实际推荐用量处理效果较好。农药施用浓度越高,植物生长越慢。研究表明,农药的普遍使用严重干扰了植物的生物特性和土壤生态。
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引用次数: 30
RAPD-based assessment of genetic diversity among annual caraway (Carum carvi) populations 基于rapd的一年生香菜居群遗传多样性评价
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.5
B. Laribi, N. Zoghlami, M. Lamine, K. Kouki, A. Ghorbel, A. Mougou
For the first time, genetic variability and differentiation among five annual caraway (Carum carvi) populations originating from Tunisia, Germany and Egypt were examined. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data were obtained and analysed with respect to genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow. Fourteen primers generated a total of 136 discernible and reproducible bands across the analyzed populations, out of which 56 were polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis permitted the discrimination of all the genotypes and their sorting into 3 main groups. Tunisian caraway populations diverged significantly from German and Egyptian ones. Population clustering was made dependently from geographic origin. This has been further explained at the DNA level as we were able to select a set of RAPD fingerprints unique to each of the studied populations. Furthermore, dimensional graph derived from factorial analysis of RAPD frequency data, allowed significant grouping of the genotypes into five sub-plots, representing each one population. Shannon's index values showed that variation ranks between rather than within populations. These results indicated that considerable genetic differences among C. carvi populations were registered.
首次对产自突尼斯、德国和埃及的5个一年生香菜(Carum carvi)居群的遗传变异和分化进行了研究。获得随机扩增多态性DNA (RAPD)标记数据,并对其遗传多样性、群体结构和基因流进行分析。14条引物在分析群体中共产生136条可识别和可复制的条带,其中56条是多态性的。UPGMA聚类分析可对所有基因型进行区分,并将其分为3个主要类群。突尼斯的香菜种群与德国和埃及的明显不同。种群聚类依赖于地理来源。这在DNA水平上得到了进一步的解释,因为我们能够为每个研究人群选择一组独特的RAPD指纹。此外,从RAPD频率数据的析因分析得出的维度图允许将基因型显著分组为五个子图,代表每个群体。香农的指数值表明,变异是在种群之间而不是种群内部进行排序的。这些结果表明,鲤科植物居群间存在较大的遗传差异。
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引用次数: 11
Isolation and identification of a yeast strain involved in the degradation of Marrakech olive mill wastewater 马拉喀什橄榄厂废水降解酵母菌株的分离与鉴定
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.15
N. Fakharedine, Mouna Ouadghiri, M. Amar, P. Winterton, M. Hafidi, Y. Ouhdouch
Yeasts are widely used in various sectors of biomedical research, biotechnologies and environmental contexts. During the treatment of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) by yeasts, extensive degradation of the polyphenols responsible for the highly toxic nature of this effluent occurs. In this study, one yeast isolate was selected for its ability to use the phenolic compounds in OMW as the sole carbon source for growth. The treatment of OMW using this isolate reduced the levels of polyphenols by about 50% and the fats by over 80%. Analysis of the polyphenol pool by HPLC revealed the presence of 6 compounds, most of which had disappeared after 5 and 25 days of treatment. Using API ID 32C, the taxonomic study of the selected isolate was found to be 99.9% identical to Candida valida. However, the molecular data using the Rep-PCR technique showed 83.6% similarity to Pichia membranifaciens and 80.6% to Pichia anomala.
酵母广泛应用于生物医学研究、生物技术和环境的各个领域。在酵母处理橄榄油厂废水(OMW)的过程中,造成这种废水剧毒性质的多酚会发生广泛降解。在本研究中,选择了一种酵母分离物,因为它能够利用OMW中的酚类化合物作为生长的唯一碳源。使用该分离物处理的OMW使多酚含量降低了约50%,脂肪含量降低了80%以上。高效液相色谱法分析多酚池中存在6种化合物,其中大部分在处理5天和25天后消失。使用API ID 32C进行分类研究,发现所选分离物与假丝酵母(Candida valida)的同源性为99.9%。然而,利用Rep-PCR技术的分子数据显示,与膜性毕赤酵母的相似性为83.6%,与异常毕赤酵母的相似性为80.6%。
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引用次数: 6
The histopathological effects of an electromagnetic field on the kidney and testis of mice 电磁场对小鼠肾脏和睾丸的组织病理学影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.12
L. Khayyat
The present study investigates the possible histopathological effects of isothermal non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the kidney and testis of mice. Forty five adult male BALB/c mice were divided into two experimental groups and a control group. One group was exposed to frequency electromagnetic radiation between 3.9 x 10/4 Hz and 7.5 x 1014 Hz for 8 h per day for 3 days and other group was exposed to frequency electromagnetic radiation between 3.9 x 1014 Hz and 7.5 x 1014 Hz for 8 h per day for 12 days. At the end of the exposed period, light microscopical studies. Significant histopathological alterations were observed in the treated animals after 3 days. The kidney showed congested blood vessels, vacuolated and degenerated renal tubules with necrosis in the renal epithelium, dilatation of Bowman's capsule with atrophied glomeruli, and infiltration of leucocytes. The testis showed atrophied seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue expended the space between the seminiferous tubules, necrosis in the germinal epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules, a decrease in sertoli cells, deceleration of spermatogenesis, and degeneration of germ cells. The histopathological alterations in the kidney and testis were more obvious after 12 days of treatment.
本研究探讨了等温非电离电磁场(EMFs)对小鼠肾脏和睾丸可能的组织病理学影响。将45只成年雄性BALB/c小鼠分为2个实验组和1个对照组。一组接受频率为3.9 × 10/ 4hz至7.5 × 1014hz的电磁辐射,每天8小时,持续3天;另一组接受频率为3.9 × 1014hz至7.5 × 1014hz的电磁辐射,每天8小时,持续12天。在曝光期结束时,进行光学显微镜研究。治疗3天后观察到明显的组织病理学改变。肾脏表现为血管充血,肾小管空泡化和变性,肾上皮坏死,鲍曼囊扩张,肾小球萎缩,白细胞浸润。睾丸精管萎缩,精管间质组织扩大,精管生发上皮细胞坏死,支持细胞减少,精子发生减慢,生殖细胞变性。治疗12天后,肾脏和睾丸组织病理改变更为明显。
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引用次数: 35
Production of extracellular alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis RSKK96 with solid state fermentation 枯草芽孢杆菌RSKK96固态发酵产胞外碱性蛋白酶的研究
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.8
N. Akcan, F. Uyar
The production of extracellular alkaline protease by producing Bacillus subtilis RSKK96 was studied with solid state fermentation (SSF). Different agro residues as substrate were studied for enzyme production. The highest enzyme production was expressed with lentil husk as units per mass of dry substrate (3937.0 U/mg). Production parameters were optimized as incubation time 120 h, extraction medium Triton-X100 1%, initial moisture content 30%, initial pH 9.0. The high level of alkaline protease was obtained in the medium containing arabinose followed by lactose, galactose, and fructose. Among various nitrogen sources, beef extract was found to be the best inducer of alkaline protease, while other nitrogen sources repressed enzyme production. Among metal salts FeSO4.7H2O and MgSO4.7H2O was found to increase protease production. The maximum enzyme production (5759.2 U/mg) was observed with lentil husk in 1000 mL of fermentation medium volume.
采用固态发酵法对枯草芽孢杆菌RSKK96产胞外碱性蛋白酶进行了研究。研究了不同的农业残基作为底物生产酶。以小扁豆壳为单位每质量干底物产酶量最高(3937.0 U/mg)。优化生产参数为:培养时间120 h,提取介质Triton-X100为1%,初始含水率30%,初始pH为9.0。在含有阿拉伯糖、乳糖、半乳糖和果糖的培养基中获得高水平的碱性蛋白酶。在不同的氮源中,牛肉提取物是碱性蛋白酶的最佳诱导剂,而其他氮源对酶的产生有抑制作用。在金属盐中,FeSO4.7H2O和MgSO4.7H2O可以提高蛋白酶的产量。在1000 mL发酵培养基体积下,扁豆壳的产酶量最高,为5759.2 U/mg。
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引用次数: 56
Comparative study of the growth parameters of legumes grown in fipronil-stressed soils 氟虫腈胁迫土壤中豆科植物生长参数的比较研究
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.4
M. Ahemad, M. S. Khan
In modern agronomy, insecticides of the diverse chemical families are repeatedly used to control various plant growth limiting insect pests and to improve plant productivity. However, the intensive application of these plant protecting agrochemicals results in their accumulation in soils in substantial concentration and deteriorates the soil fertility. Previous studies concerning the effect of insecticides are commonly confined to a specific legume and reports about the concurrent impact of any specific insecticide on more than one legume in parallel are rare. The present study was therefore, designed to assess the effect of insecticide fipronil simultaneously on common food legumes (chickpea, pea, lentil and green gram). In this study, fipronil displayed a varying degree of toxicity to the tested legumes. The highest toxicity of fipronil was observed in the shoot dry biomass, leghaemoglobin and chlorophyll content, and the seed protein in chickpea, nodule numbers and nodule biomass in pea, root dry biomass and shoot N in green gram, and nodule biomass, root N, root P, shoot P, and seed yield in lentil. Generally, the most toxic effect of fipronil was observed on the growth parameters of lentil plants.
在现代农学中,不同化学家族的杀虫剂被反复使用来控制各种限制植物生长的害虫和提高植物生产力。然而,由于这些农药的大量施用,使其在土壤中大量积累,使土壤肥力恶化。以往关于杀虫剂影响的研究通常局限于一种特定的豆类,关于任何特定杀虫剂同时对一种以上豆类产生影响的报道很少。因此,本研究旨在同时评估杀虫剂氟虫腈对常见食用豆类(鹰嘴豆、豌豆、扁豆和绿克)的影响。在这项研究中,氟虫腈对测试的豆类表现出不同程度的毒性。氟虫腈对鹰嘴豆的茎干生物量、豆血红蛋白和叶绿素含量、种子蛋白质、豌豆的根瘤数和根瘤生物量、绿克的根干生物量和地上部氮、小扁豆的根瘤生物量、根氮、根磷、地上部磷和种子产量的毒性最大。一般情况下,氟虫腈对扁豆植株的生长参数影响最大。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences
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