Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02471-1
Carol Joinson, Mariusz T Grzeda, Jon Heron, Alexander von Gontard
To examine if preschool sleep duration and sleep problems are associated with urinary incontinence (UI) at primary school-age. We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the association of child sleep duration/problems (3½ years) with UI trajectories (4-9 years) in 8751 (4507 boys, 4244 girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We adjusted for sex, socioeconomic indicators, mothers' emotional/practical/financial support, developmental delay, stressful life events, temperament, and emotional/behaviour problems. Preschool children who slept more than 8½ hours per night had a decreased probability of UI at school-age. There was a 33% reduction in odds of daytime wetting per additional hour of sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.86). Sleep problems were associated with increased odds of UI e.g., getting up after being put to bed was associated with daytime wetting (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.43-3.39); breathing problems whilst sleeping were associated with delayed bladder control (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.12-2.52), and night-time waking was associated with persistent (day and night) wetting (OR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.16-2.00). Waking during the night and waking up early in the morning were associated with reduced odds of bedwetting at school-age (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.61-0.96 and OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99 respectively). Preschool children who sleep for longer have a lower likelihood of UI at school-age, whilst those with sleep problems are more likely to experience daytime wetting and combined (day and night) wetting, but not bedwetting alone. Short sleep duration and sleep problems in early childhood could be indicators of future problems attaining and maintaining bladder control.
研究学龄前儿童的睡眠时间和睡眠问题是否与小学年龄段的尿失禁(UI)有关。我们采用多项式逻辑回归法,研究了雅芳亲子纵向研究(Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children)中 8751 名儿童(4507 名男孩,4244 名女孩)的儿童睡眠时间/睡眠问题(3 岁半)与尿失禁轨迹(4-9 岁)之间的关系。我们对性别、社会经济指标、母亲的情感/实践/经济支持、发育迟缓、生活压力事件、气质和情感/行为问题进行了调整。每晚睡眠时间超过 8.5 小时的学龄前儿童在学龄时患不育症的概率降低。睡眠时间每增加一小时,白天尿湿的几率就会降低 33%(几率比 [OR] = 0.67,95% 置信区间 [CI] 0.52-0.86)。睡眠问题与尿失禁几率的增加有关,例如,上床后起床与白天尿湿有关(OR = 2.20,95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.43-3.39);睡眠时呼吸困难与膀胱控制延迟有关(OR = 1.68,95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.12-2.52),夜间醒来与持续(白天和晚上)尿湿有关(OR = 1.53,95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.16-2.00)。夜间醒来和清晨醒来与学龄期尿床几率降低有关(OR = 0.76,95% CI 0.61-0.96 和 OR = 0.80,95% CI 0.64-0.99)。睡眠时间较长的学龄前儿童在学龄时尿床的可能性较低,而有睡眠问题的学龄前儿童更有可能出现白天尿湿和合并(白天和夜间)尿湿的情况,但不会单独尿床。幼儿期睡眠时间短和睡眠问题可能预示着他们将来在实现和维持膀胱控制方面会出现问题。
{"title":"Sleep duration, sleep problems and developmental trajectories of urinary incontinence: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Carol Joinson, Mariusz T Grzeda, Jon Heron, Alexander von Gontard","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02471-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02471-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To examine if preschool sleep duration and sleep problems are associated with urinary incontinence (UI) at primary school-age. We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the association of child sleep duration/problems (3½ years) with UI trajectories (4-9 years) in 8751 (4507 boys, 4244 girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We adjusted for sex, socioeconomic indicators, mothers' emotional/practical/financial support, developmental delay, stressful life events, temperament, and emotional/behaviour problems. Preschool children who slept more than 8½ hours per night had a decreased probability of UI at school-age. There was a 33% reduction in odds of daytime wetting per additional hour of sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.86). Sleep problems were associated with increased odds of UI e.g., getting up after being put to bed was associated with daytime wetting (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.43-3.39); breathing problems whilst sleeping were associated with delayed bladder control (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.12-2.52), and night-time waking was associated with persistent (day and night) wetting (OR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.16-2.00). Waking during the night and waking up early in the morning were associated with reduced odds of bedwetting at school-age (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.61-0.96 and OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99 respectively). Preschool children who sleep for longer have a lower likelihood of UI at school-age, whilst those with sleep problems are more likely to experience daytime wetting and combined (day and night) wetting, but not bedwetting alone. Short sleep duration and sleep problems in early childhood could be indicators of future problems attaining and maintaining bladder control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4361-4369"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02467-x
Hsiao-I Kuo, Jia-Ling Sun, Michael Nitsche, Jung-Chi Chang
Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on executive function in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The underlying mechanisms could be partially due to aerobic exercise-induced cortical excitability modulation. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of acute aerobic exercise on executive functions and cortical excitability and the association between these phenomena in adolescents with ADHD. The study was conducted using a complete crossover design. Executive functions (inhibitory control, working memory, and planning) and cortical excitability were assessed in twenty-four drug-naïve adolescents with ADHD before and after acute aerobic exercise or a control intervention. Inhibitory control, working memory, and planning improved after acute aerobic exercise in adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, cortical excitability monitored by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) decreased after intervention in this population. Additionally, improvements in inhibitory control and working memory performance were associated with enhanced cortical inhibition. The findings provide indirect preliminary evidence for the assumption that changes in cortical excitability induced by aerobic exercise partially contribute to improvements in executive function in adolescents with ADHD.
{"title":"An investigation of the acute effects of aerobic exercise on executive function and cortical excitability in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).","authors":"Hsiao-I Kuo, Jia-Ling Sun, Michael Nitsche, Jung-Chi Chang","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02467-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02467-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on executive function in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The underlying mechanisms could be partially due to aerobic exercise-induced cortical excitability modulation. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of acute aerobic exercise on executive functions and cortical excitability and the association between these phenomena in adolescents with ADHD. The study was conducted using a complete crossover design. Executive functions (inhibitory control, working memory, and planning) and cortical excitability were assessed in twenty-four drug-naïve adolescents with ADHD before and after acute aerobic exercise or a control intervention. Inhibitory control, working memory, and planning improved after acute aerobic exercise in adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, cortical excitability monitored by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) decreased after intervention in this population. Additionally, improvements in inhibitory control and working memory performance were associated with enhanced cortical inhibition. The findings provide indirect preliminary evidence for the assumption that changes in cortical excitability induced by aerobic exercise partially contribute to improvements in executive function in adolescents with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4169-4183"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The amygdala, known for its functional heterogeneity, plays a critical role in the neural mechanism of adolescent major depressive disorder (aMDD). However, changes in its subregional functional networks in relation to stressful factors remain unclear. We recruited 78 comorbidity-free, medication-naive aMDD patients and 40 matched healthy controls (HC) to explore changes in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) across four amygdala subregions: the centromedial nucleus (CM), the basolateral nucleus (LB), the superficial nucleus (SF), and the amygdalostriatal transition area (Astr). Then, we performed partial correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between amygdala subregional FC and stressful factors as measured by the Chinese Version of Family Environment Scale (FES-CV) and the Adolescent Self-Rated Life Events Scale (ASLEC). Compared to HC, aMDD patients demonstrated significantly decreased functional connectivity between the left CM and left precentral gyrus, as well as between left SF and left precentral gyrus, and between left LB and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCC)/precuneus. In aMDD group, left CM-precentral gyrus FC exhibited negative correlation with interpersonal relationship and punishment, and positive correlation with family cohesion and expressiveness. This study reveals distinct patterns of abnormal functional connectivity among amygdala subregions in aMDD. Our findings suggest that the CM network, in particular, may be involved in stress-related factors in aMDD, which provide a potential target for the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression.
{"title":"Negative family and interpersonal relationship are associated with centromedial amygdala functional connectivity alterations in adolescent depression.","authors":"Weijie Bao, Yingxue Gao, Ruohan Feng, Lingxiao Cao, Zilin Zhou, Lihua Zhuo, Hongwei Li, Xinqin Ouyang, Xinyue Hu, Hailong Li, Guoping Huang, Xiaoqi Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02456-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02456-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The amygdala, known for its functional heterogeneity, plays a critical role in the neural mechanism of adolescent major depressive disorder (aMDD). However, changes in its subregional functional networks in relation to stressful factors remain unclear. We recruited 78 comorbidity-free, medication-naive aMDD patients and 40 matched healthy controls (HC) to explore changes in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) across four amygdala subregions: the centromedial nucleus (CM), the basolateral nucleus (LB), the superficial nucleus (SF), and the amygdalostriatal transition area (Astr). Then, we performed partial correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between amygdala subregional FC and stressful factors as measured by the Chinese Version of Family Environment Scale (FES-CV) and the Adolescent Self-Rated Life Events Scale (ASLEC). Compared to HC, aMDD patients demonstrated significantly decreased functional connectivity between the left CM and left precentral gyrus, as well as between left SF and left precentral gyrus, and between left LB and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCC)/precuneus. In aMDD group, left CM-precentral gyrus FC exhibited negative correlation with interpersonal relationship and punishment, and positive correlation with family cohesion and expressiveness. This study reveals distinct patterns of abnormal functional connectivity among amygdala subregions in aMDD. Our findings suggest that the CM network, in particular, may be involved in stress-related factors in aMDD, which provide a potential target for the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4195-4204"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02457-z
Clémentine Morin, Bérénice Doray, Cécilia Dumar, Jude Balit, Nicolas Bouscaren, Michel Spodenkiewicz
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) refer to physical, cognitive, and behavioural symptoms in an individual whose mother consumed alcohol during pregnancy. It is the leading cause of non-genetic avoidable mental disability, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1%. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnostic criteria are met for 50-80% of patients with FASD. Methylphenidate (MPH) is the first-line pharmacological treatment for ADHD. This study aims to explore the lived experience of children with FASD taking MPH and their caregivers to adapt prescribing modalities by considering different ways to administer the drugs. We hope to improve the therapeutic alliance between the children and their caregivers by gaining an insiders' view of the medication perception. Semi-structured interviews with children and their caregivers were conducted in this qualitative study. Data collection by purposive sampling continued until we reached theoretical sufficiency. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews: 8 with the children aged 7-12, 5 boys and 3 girls and 8 with their caregivers. The analysis showed that inadequate palatability and capsule form experiences were the leading causes of children's non-adherence to the treatment. MPH appeared to be a valuable aid for caregivers even if they had concerns about its potential toxicity. However, it is necessary to identify caregivers' expectations concerning MPH to adapt the prescription in terms of choice of specialty and intake modalities. Regular support was required to reduce caregivers' fears of dependence, personality transformation and long-term adverse effects. Information on palatability should be given when prescribing MPH to children with ADHD as well as its possible side effects or toxicity. It highlights the need for further studies of the experience of palatability of drugs prescribed to children. When prescribing a treatment, children should be more involved in medical counselling and it is necessary to understand the child's perspectives to co-construct common representations for better therapeutical adherence.
{"title":"Qualitative study of the lived experience of methylphenidate prescribed for children with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.","authors":"Clémentine Morin, Bérénice Doray, Cécilia Dumar, Jude Balit, Nicolas Bouscaren, Michel Spodenkiewicz","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02457-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02457-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) refer to physical, cognitive, and behavioural symptoms in an individual whose mother consumed alcohol during pregnancy. It is the leading cause of non-genetic avoidable mental disability, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1%. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnostic criteria are met for 50-80% of patients with FASD. Methylphenidate (MPH) is the first-line pharmacological treatment for ADHD. This study aims to explore the lived experience of children with FASD taking MPH and their caregivers to adapt prescribing modalities by considering different ways to administer the drugs. We hope to improve the therapeutic alliance between the children and their caregivers by gaining an insiders' view of the medication perception. Semi-structured interviews with children and their caregivers were conducted in this qualitative study. Data collection by purposive sampling continued until we reached theoretical sufficiency. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews: 8 with the children aged 7-12, 5 boys and 3 girls and 8 with their caregivers. The analysis showed that inadequate palatability and capsule form experiences were the leading causes of children's non-adherence to the treatment. MPH appeared to be a valuable aid for caregivers even if they had concerns about its potential toxicity. However, it is necessary to identify caregivers' expectations concerning MPH to adapt the prescription in terms of choice of specialty and intake modalities. Regular support was required to reduce caregivers' fears of dependence, personality transformation and long-term adverse effects. Information on palatability should be given when prescribing MPH to children with ADHD as well as its possible side effects or toxicity. It highlights the need for further studies of the experience of palatability of drugs prescribed to children. When prescribing a treatment, children should be more involved in medical counselling and it is necessary to understand the child's perspectives to co-construct common representations for better therapeutical adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4219-4235"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-18DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02447-1
Loes H C Janssen, Bart Verkuil, Lisanne A E M van Houtum, Mirjam C M Wever, Wilma G M Wentholt, Bernet M Elzinga
Adolescents with depression tend to perceive behavior of parents as less positive than adolescents without depression, but conclusions are based on retrospective reports assessed once or over long time intervals, with the risk of memory biases affecting the recall. The current study used ecological momentary assessments to examine the link between adolescent affect and the amount of warmth and criticism expressed by both mothers and fathers in families with adolescents with depression versus adolescents without psychopathology in daily life. It also explored the possible bias by assessing parenting on the momentary, daily (EMA), and retrospective level. The sample consisted of 34 adolescents with depression and 58 parents and 80 healthy controls and 151 parents (adolescents: Mage = 15.8, SD = 1.41; 67.5% girls, parents: Mage = 49.3, SD = 5.73; 54.1% mothers). Participants completed retrospective questionnaires and four surveys a day for 14 consecutive days. Preregistered multilevel models showed that momentary parenting reports of adolescents with depression and healthy controls did not differ. The associations between perceived parenting of both mothers and fathers and adolescent affect did also not differ between the two groups. These results illustrate that adolescents generally benefit from supportive parenting, but substantial differences between individuals were found. In contrast to the momentary data, both adolescents with depression and their parents did report more negative parenting on retrospective questionnaires than healthy controls and their parents indicating that adolescents with depression may have a negativity bias in their retrospective recall. These findings are highly relevant for clinical practice and underscore the need for careful assessments on different time scales and including all family members.
{"title":"A closer look into the affect dynamics of adolescents with depression and the interactions with their parents: An ecological momentary assessment study.","authors":"Loes H C Janssen, Bart Verkuil, Lisanne A E M van Houtum, Mirjam C M Wever, Wilma G M Wentholt, Bernet M Elzinga","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02447-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02447-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents with depression tend to perceive behavior of parents as less positive than adolescents without depression, but conclusions are based on retrospective reports assessed once or over long time intervals, with the risk of memory biases affecting the recall. The current study used ecological momentary assessments to examine the link between adolescent affect and the amount of warmth and criticism expressed by both mothers and fathers in families with adolescents with depression versus adolescents without psychopathology in daily life. It also explored the possible bias by assessing parenting on the momentary, daily (EMA), and retrospective level. The sample consisted of 34 adolescents with depression and 58 parents and 80 healthy controls and 151 parents (adolescents: M<sub>age</sub> = 15.8, SD = 1.41; 67.5% girls, parents: M<sub>age</sub> = 49.3, SD = 5.73; 54.1% mothers). Participants completed retrospective questionnaires and four surveys a day for 14 consecutive days. Preregistered multilevel models showed that momentary parenting reports of adolescents with depression and healthy controls did not differ. The associations between perceived parenting of both mothers and fathers and adolescent affect did also not differ between the two groups. These results illustrate that adolescents generally benefit from supportive parenting, but substantial differences between individuals were found. In contrast to the momentary data, both adolescents with depression and their parents did report more negative parenting on retrospective questionnaires than healthy controls and their parents indicating that adolescents with depression may have a negativity bias in their retrospective recall. These findings are highly relevant for clinical practice and underscore the need for careful assessments on different time scales and including all family members.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4259-4272"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-22DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02462-2
D C Bouter, S J Ravensbergen, N G M de Neve-Enthoven, M Zarchev, C L Mulder, W J G Hoogendijk, S J Roza, N H Grootendorst-van Mil
The iBerry Study, a Dutch population-based high-risk cohort (n = 1022) examines the transition from subclinical symptoms to psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Here, we present the first follow-up measurement, approximately 3 years after baseline assessment and 5 years after the screening based on self-reported emotional and behavioral problems (SDQ-Y). We give an update on the data collection, details on the (non)response, and the results on psychopathology outcomes. The first follow-up (2019-2022) had a response rate of 79% (n = 807). Our results at baseline (mean age 15.0 years) have shown the effectiveness of using the SDQ-Y to select a cohort oversampled for the risk of psychopathology. At first follow-up (mean age 18.1 years), the previously administered SDQ-Y remains predictive for selecting adolescents at risk. At follow-up, 47% of the high-risk adolescents showed significant mental health problems based on self- and parent reports and 46% of the high-risk adolescents met the criteria for multiple DSM-5 diagnoses. Compared to low-risk adolescents, high-risk adolescents had a sevenfold higher odds of significant emotional and behavioral problems at follow-up. Comprehensive assessment on psychopathology, substance abuse, psychotic symptoms, suicidality, nonsuicidal self-injury, addiction to social media and/or video gaming, and delinquency, as well as social development, and the utilization of healthcare and social services were conducted. This wave, as well as the ones to follow, track these adolescents into their young adulthood to identify risk factors, elucidate causal mechanisms, and discern pathways leading to both common and severe mental disorders. Results from the iBerry Study will provide leads for preventive interventions.
{"title":"Five-year follow-up of the iBerry Study: screening in early adolescence to identify those at risk of psychopathology in emerging adulthood.","authors":"D C Bouter, S J Ravensbergen, N G M de Neve-Enthoven, M Zarchev, C L Mulder, W J G Hoogendijk, S J Roza, N H Grootendorst-van Mil","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02462-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02462-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The iBerry Study, a Dutch population-based high-risk cohort (n = 1022) examines the transition from subclinical symptoms to psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Here, we present the first follow-up measurement, approximately 3 years after baseline assessment and 5 years after the screening based on self-reported emotional and behavioral problems (SDQ-Y). We give an update on the data collection, details on the (non)response, and the results on psychopathology outcomes. The first follow-up (2019-2022) had a response rate of 79% (n = 807). Our results at baseline (mean age 15.0 years) have shown the effectiveness of using the SDQ-Y to select a cohort oversampled for the risk of psychopathology. At first follow-up (mean age 18.1 years), the previously administered SDQ-Y remains predictive for selecting adolescents at risk. At follow-up, 47% of the high-risk adolescents showed significant mental health problems based on self- and parent reports and 46% of the high-risk adolescents met the criteria for multiple DSM-5 diagnoses. Compared to low-risk adolescents, high-risk adolescents had a sevenfold higher odds of significant emotional and behavioral problems at follow-up. Comprehensive assessment on psychopathology, substance abuse, psychotic symptoms, suicidality, nonsuicidal self-injury, addiction to social media and/or video gaming, and delinquency, as well as social development, and the utilization of healthcare and social services were conducted. This wave, as well as the ones to follow, track these adolescents into their young adulthood to identify risk factors, elucidate causal mechanisms, and discern pathways leading to both common and severe mental disorders. Results from the iBerry Study will provide leads for preventive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4285-4294"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Schizophrenia is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); both conditions share numerous pathophysiological etiologies. We, thus, examined the risk of mental disorders in the parents of probands with schizophrenia, OCD, or both conditions. Between 2001 and 2011, we enrolled a nationwide cohort of 69,813 patients with schizophrenia, OCD, or both. The control cohort included 698,130 individuals matched for demographics. Poisson regression models were employed to examine the risk of six mental disorders in their parents, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, OCD, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. We stratified patients into schizophrenia-only, OCD-only, and dual-diagnosis groups, and the dual-diagnosis group was further divided into schizophrenia-first, OCD-first, and simultaneously diagnosed groups. Compared with controls, the schizophrenia, OCD, and dual-diagnosis groups had higher risks for the six mental disorders in their parents (range of odds ratio [OR] 1.50-7.83). The sub-analysis of the dual-diagnosis group showed that the schizophrenia-first, OCD-first, and simultaneously diagnosed groups had higher odds for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, and OCD (range of OR 1.64-6.45) in their parents than the control group; the simultaneously diagnosed and OCD-first diagnosed groups had a higher odds of parental substance use disorder, while the schizophrenia-first diagnosed group had a higher odds of parental alcohol use disorder. The interrelationship between OCD and schizophrenia is linked to bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. The results have implications for mental health policy and future research.
{"title":"Parental mental disorders in patients with comorbid schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a nationwide family-link study.","authors":"Tien-Wei Hsu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai, Chih-Ming Cheng, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Chih-Sung Liang, Mu-Hong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02480-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02480-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schizophrenia is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); both conditions share numerous pathophysiological etiologies. We, thus, examined the risk of mental disorders in the parents of probands with schizophrenia, OCD, or both conditions. Between 2001 and 2011, we enrolled a nationwide cohort of 69,813 patients with schizophrenia, OCD, or both. The control cohort included 698,130 individuals matched for demographics. Poisson regression models were employed to examine the risk of six mental disorders in their parents, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, OCD, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. We stratified patients into schizophrenia-only, OCD-only, and dual-diagnosis groups, and the dual-diagnosis group was further divided into schizophrenia-first, OCD-first, and simultaneously diagnosed groups. Compared with controls, the schizophrenia, OCD, and dual-diagnosis groups had higher risks for the six mental disorders in their parents (range of odds ratio [OR] 1.50-7.83). The sub-analysis of the dual-diagnosis group showed that the schizophrenia-first, OCD-first, and simultaneously diagnosed groups had higher odds for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, and OCD (range of OR 1.64-6.45) in their parents than the control group; the simultaneously diagnosed and OCD-first diagnosed groups had a higher odds of parental substance use disorder, while the schizophrenia-first diagnosed group had a higher odds of parental alcohol use disorder. The interrelationship between OCD and schizophrenia is linked to bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. The results have implications for mental health policy and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4325-4334"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The risks of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and teenage pregnancy in the offspring of parents with schizophrenia remain unknown.
Methods: From the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 5,850 individuals born between 1980 and 1999 having any parent with schizophrenia and 58,500 age-, sex-, income- and residence-matched controls without parents with severe mental disorders were enrolled in 1996 or on their birthdate and followed up to the end of 2011. Those who contracted any STI or became pregnant in adolescence during the follow-up period were identified.
Results: Cox regression analyses demonstrated that offspring of parents with schizophrenia (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.44), especially daughters (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06-1.58), were more likely to contract any STI later in life than the control comparisons. In addition, daughters of parents with schizophrenia had an elevated risk of being pregnant in their adolescence (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.29-1.67) compared with those having no parents with severe mental disorders.
Discussion: The positive relationship between parental schizophrenia and offspring STIs and teenage pregnancy necessitates clinicians and public health officers to closely monitor the sexual health in the offspring of parents with schizophrenia so that optimal and prompt preventive measures can be taken in the at-risk group.
{"title":"Sexually transmitted infection and teenage pregnancy in adolescents having parents with schizophrenia: a retrospective cohort study of 64,350 participants.","authors":"Ju-Wei Hsu, Li-Chi Chen, Kai-Lin Huang, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Mu-Hong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02470-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02470-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The risks of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and teenage pregnancy in the offspring of parents with schizophrenia remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 5,850 individuals born between 1980 and 1999 having any parent with schizophrenia and 58,500 age-, sex-, income- and residence-matched controls without parents with severe mental disorders were enrolled in 1996 or on their birthdate and followed up to the end of 2011. Those who contracted any STI or became pregnant in adolescence during the follow-up period were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cox regression analyses demonstrated that offspring of parents with schizophrenia (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.44), especially daughters (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06-1.58), were more likely to contract any STI later in life than the control comparisons. In addition, daughters of parents with schizophrenia had an elevated risk of being pregnant in their adolescence (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.29-1.67) compared with those having no parents with severe mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The positive relationship between parental schizophrenia and offspring STIs and teenage pregnancy necessitates clinicians and public health officers to closely monitor the sexual health in the offspring of parents with schizophrenia so that optimal and prompt preventive measures can be taken in the at-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4295-4302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141093107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02461-3
Lucy Riglin, Charlotte Dennison, Joanna Martin, Foteini Tseliou, Jessica M Armitage, Amy Shakeshaft, Jon Heron, Kate Tilling, Anita Thapar, Stephan Collishaw
Emotional problems (anxiety, depression) are prevalent in children, adolescents and young adults with varying ages at onset. Studying developmental changes in emotional problems requires repeated assessments using the same or equivalent measures. The parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is commonly used to assess emotional problems in childhood and adolescence, but there is limited research about whether it captures a similar construct across these developmental periods. Our study addressed this by investigating measurement invariance in the scales' emotional problems subscale (SDQ-EP) across childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. Data from two UK population cohorts were utilised: the Millennium Cohort Study (ages 3-17 years) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (4-25 years). In both samples we observed weak (metric) measurement invariance by age, suggesting that the parent-rated SDQ-EP items contribute to the underlying construct of emotional problems similarly across age. This supports the validity of using the subscale to rank participants on their levels of emotional problems in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. However strong (scalar) measurement invariance was not observed, suggesting that the same score may correspond to different levels of emotional problems across developmental periods. Comparisons of mean parent-rated SDQ-EP scores across age may therefore not be valid.
{"title":"Emotional problems across development: examining measurement invariance across childhood, adolescence and early adulthood.","authors":"Lucy Riglin, Charlotte Dennison, Joanna Martin, Foteini Tseliou, Jessica M Armitage, Amy Shakeshaft, Jon Heron, Kate Tilling, Anita Thapar, Stephan Collishaw","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02461-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02461-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional problems (anxiety, depression) are prevalent in children, adolescents and young adults with varying ages at onset. Studying developmental changes in emotional problems requires repeated assessments using the same or equivalent measures. The parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is commonly used to assess emotional problems in childhood and adolescence, but there is limited research about whether it captures a similar construct across these developmental periods. Our study addressed this by investigating measurement invariance in the scales' emotional problems subscale (SDQ-EP) across childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. Data from two UK population cohorts were utilised: the Millennium Cohort Study (ages 3-17 years) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (4-25 years). In both samples we observed weak (metric) measurement invariance by age, suggesting that the parent-rated SDQ-EP items contribute to the underlying construct of emotional problems similarly across age. This supports the validity of using the subscale to rank participants on their levels of emotional problems in childhood, adolescence and early adulthood. However strong (scalar) measurement invariance was not observed, suggesting that the same score may correspond to different levels of emotional problems across developmental periods. Comparisons of mean parent-rated SDQ-EP scores across age may therefore not be valid.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4237-4245"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02405-x
Xavier Benarous, Sandy Walesa, Jean-Marc Guilé, Cora Cravero, Angèle Consoli, David Cohen, Héloïse Young, Real Labelle, Hélène Lahaye
While youths with intellectual disability (ID) have increased vulnerability for depressive disorders, cognitive problems and combined functional barriers make them less prone to receive adequate treatments. A systematic review of the literature was conducted (PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022347703) based on several databases from 1980 to 2022 to examine the quality of tools for measuring depression in children and adolescents with ID. The COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments) checklist was used to assess several psychometric domains. Twelve studies evaluated the properties of six tools for measuring depression in youths with ID. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Intellectual Disability (CESD-ID) was the only scale with at least five domains of psychometric properties assessed to have strong or moderate evidence. Based on the reviewed findings, tools specifically developed for populations with developmental disabilities should be considered first in order to screen depression in youths with ID. Much work is required to confirm their validity in clinical samples with patients with a complex form of developmental disabilities. As a complement to self- and caregivers-report questionnaires, clinician rating scales were considered useful to catch the full picture of depression in youths with ID, in particular associated behavioral expressions. Their validity received little scrutiny and certainly deserve more attention to improve care practice of youths with ID.
{"title":"A systematic review of the psychometric properties of tools for measuring depression in youths with intellectual disability.","authors":"Xavier Benarous, Sandy Walesa, Jean-Marc Guilé, Cora Cravero, Angèle Consoli, David Cohen, Héloïse Young, Real Labelle, Hélène Lahaye","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02405-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-024-02405-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While youths with intellectual disability (ID) have increased vulnerability for depressive disorders, cognitive problems and combined functional barriers make them less prone to receive adequate treatments. A systematic review of the literature was conducted (PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022347703) based on several databases from 1980 to 2022 to examine the quality of tools for measuring depression in children and adolescents with ID. The COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments) checklist was used to assess several psychometric domains. Twelve studies evaluated the properties of six tools for measuring depression in youths with ID. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Intellectual Disability (CESD-ID) was the only scale with at least five domains of psychometric properties assessed to have strong or moderate evidence. Based on the reviewed findings, tools specifically developed for populations with developmental disabilities should be considered first in order to screen depression in youths with ID. Much work is required to confirm their validity in clinical samples with patients with a complex form of developmental disabilities. As a complement to self- and caregivers-report questionnaires, clinician rating scales were considered useful to catch the full picture of depression in youths with ID, in particular associated behavioral expressions. Their validity received little scrutiny and certainly deserve more attention to improve care practice of youths with ID.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"4061-4082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}