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Incident diabetes in adolescents using antidepressant: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 使用抗抑郁药的青少年糖尿病发病率:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02502-x
Fatemeh Movahed, Ehsan Heidari, Dina Sadeghi, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Romina Abyaneh, Mehrshad Zarei, Farzan Beigi, Abolfazl Abdollahi, Arman Shafiee

Background: The use of antidepressants has been on the rise among adolescents and young adults, populations also increasingly at risk for type 2 diabetes. However, the relationship between antidepressant uses and diabetes incidence in these age groups remains poorly understood.

Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science up to 21 February 2024, registering our protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42024516272).

Results: Six studies, ranging from 16, 470 to 1, 582, 914 participants and spanning 2010 to 2023 across North America, Europe, and Asia, were included. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between antidepressant use and diabetes onset, with 10 cases per 1, 000 observations (p < 0.01; I2 = 100%). Adolescents using high doses of antidepressants showed a 62% increased risk of developing diabetes compared to non-users or those on low doses (Risk ratio = 1.67; 95% CI 1.19-2.35; I2 = 87%; p < 0.01). The overall quality of the studies was high, with an average Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score of 7.66. Sensitivity analysis highlighted the robustness of these findings, except when removing specific studies, indicating potential sources of heterogeneity.

Conclusion: Antidepressant use in adolescents is associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes onset, particularly at higher doses. This finding underscores the necessity for vigilant monitoring of glucose levels in this population and warrants further investigation into the underlying mechanisms and long-term outcomes.

背景:青少年和年轻成年人使用抗抑郁药的人数呈上升趋势,这些人群患 2 型糖尿病的风险也越来越高。然而,人们对这些年龄段人群使用抗抑郁药与糖尿病发病率之间的关系仍然知之甚少:根据 PRISMA 指南和 Cochrane 手册,我们在 PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Web of Science 中进行了全面检索,检索时间截至 2024 年 2 月 21 日,并在 PROSPERO(CRD42024516272)上注册了我们的检索方案:共纳入六项研究,参与者从16 470人到1 582 914人不等,时间跨度从2010年到2023年,横跨北美、欧洲和亚洲。荟萃分析表明,使用抗抑郁药与糖尿病发病之间存在显著关联,每1000个观察对象中就有10例(P 2 = 100%)。使用大剂量抗抑郁药的青少年患糖尿病的风险比不使用抗抑郁药或使用小剂量抗抑郁药的青少年增加了 62%(风险比 = 1.67;95% CI 1.19-2.35;I2 = 87%;P 结论:青少年使用抗抑郁药与糖尿病发病风险显著增加有关,尤其是在使用较大剂量时。这一发现强调了对这一人群的血糖水平进行警惕性监测的必要性,值得对其潜在机制和长期结果进行进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Association between twin status with cognitive, behavioral development and brain structure in early adolescence: a retrospective cohort analysis based on the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. 双胞胎身份与青春期早期认知、行为发展和大脑结构之间的关系:基于青少年大脑认知发展研究的回顾性队列分析。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02515-6
Qiongjie Zhou, Xingzhong Zhao, Jingqi Chen, Jinghui Xu, Anyi Yang, Yu Xiong, Xuan Yin, Xing-Ming Zhao, Xiaotian Li

Twin births are related with maternal and fetal adverse outcomes. Little was known about the comparability of the cognitive, behavioral development and brain structure between twins and singletons in early adolescence. This retrospective cohort study was based on data from the United States population-based, prospective, longitudinal observational Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Children with complete twin status information were enrolled, and the exposure variable was twin status. Primary outcomes were cognitive, behavioral development and brain structure in early adolescence. Cognitive and behavioral outcomes were assessed by using the NIH Toolbox and Child Behavioral Checklist, respectively. Brain structure was evaluated by the cortical thickness, area, and volume extracted from the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Subgroup analyses were conducted by prematurity, birth weight, with sibling, genetic profiles, and twin types (zygosity). From 1st September 2016 to 15th November 2018, 11545 children (9477 singletons and 2068 twins) aged 9-10 years were enrolled. Twins showed mildly lower cognitive performance (|t|> 5.104, P-values < 0.001, False Discovery Rate [FDR] < 0.001), better behavioral outcome (|t|> 2.441, P-values < 0.015, FDR < 0.042), such as lower scores for multiple psychiatric disorders and behavioral issues, and smaller cortical volume (t = - 3.854, P-values < 0.001, FDR < 0.001) and cortical area (t = - 3.872, P-values < 0.001, FDR < 0.001). The observed differences still held when stratified for prematurity, birth weight, presence of siblings, genetic profiles, and twin types (zygosity). Furthermore, analyses on the two-year follow-up data showed consistent results with baseline data. Twin status is associated with lower cognitive and better behavioral development in early adolescence accompanied by altered brain structure. Clinicians should be aware of the possible difference when generalizing results from adolescent twin samples to singletons.

双胞胎与母体和胎儿的不良结局有关。人们对双胞胎和单胎在青春期早期的认知、行为发展和大脑结构的可比性知之甚少。这项回顾性队列研究以美国基于人群的前瞻性纵向观察青少年大脑认知发展研究的数据为基础。具有完整双胞胎身份信息的儿童被纳入研究,暴露变量为双胞胎身份。研究的主要结果是青少年早期的认知、行为发展和大脑结构。认知和行为结果分别通过美国国立卫生研究院工具箱和儿童行为检查表进行评估。大脑结构通过从磁共振成像(MRI)数据中提取的皮层厚度、面积和体积进行评估。按照早产儿、出生体重、有同胞、遗传特征和双胞胎类型(子一代)进行了分组分析。从2016年9月1日至2018年11月15日,共有11545名9-10岁的儿童(9477名单胎和2068名双胞胎)参加了研究。双胞胎的认知表现轻度较低(|t|> 5.104,P 值 2.441,P 值
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引用次数: 0
Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. 研究针对孤身未成年人的认知行为疗法干预措施:系统回顾和定性研究综述。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02500-z
Dafne Morroni, Pinelopi Konstantinou, Chrysilia Gkleka, Angelos P Kassianos, Maria Karekla

Background: This systematic review examined the evidence on effectiveness and acceptability of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions in improving quality of life (QoL) and psychological well-being of unaccompanied minors (UM).

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, and Open Dissertations databases were used to identify quantitative and qualitative studies. The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tools were used for quality assessment. Narrative synthesis and qualitative research synthesis were carried out to collate the findings.

Results: 18 studies were included. Two studies examined QoL, and five studies examined acceptability of interventions. Most quantitative studies (n = 10) were appraised as methodologically weak. Trauma-Focused CBT appears to have the most evidence demonstrating effectiveness in ameliorating symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Promising findings (i.e., increased mindfulness and psychological flexibility) were observed for third wave interventions but further replication is required.

Conclusions: The literature is tainted by under-powered studies, lacking blinding, and follow-up assessments. Female UM remain largely underrepresented. This review calls for a drastic augmentation of high quality quantitative and qualitative research focusing on augmenting QoL and examining acceptability rather than merely aiming for psychological symptom reduction in UM to enhance overall well-being and functionality. The research protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021293881).

背景:本系统综述研究了认知行为疗法(CBT)干预在改善举目无亲的未成年人(UM)的生活质量(QoL)和心理健康方面的有效性和可接受性的证据:方法:使用 PubMed、Scopus、Embase、ProQuest、PsycInfo、PsycArticles 和 Open Dissertations 数据库确定定量和定性研究。质量评估采用了有效公共卫生实践项目(EPHPP)和批判性评估技能计划(CASP)工具。对研究结果进行了叙事综合和定性研究综合:结果:共纳入 18 项研究。其中两项研究考察了 QoL,五项研究考察了干预措施的可接受性。大多数定量研究(n = 10)被评为方法薄弱。以创伤为重点的 CBT 似乎拥有最多的证据,证明其在改善创伤后应激障碍、抑郁和焦虑症状方面的有效性。在第三波干预中观察到了有希望的结果(即增加了正念和心理灵活性),但还需要进一步复制:结论:文献中的一些研究因缺乏盲法和后续评估而受到影响。女性 UM 在很大程度上仍然代表性不足。本综述呼吁大幅增加高质量的定量和定性研究,重点关注提高 QoL 和检查可接受性,而不是仅仅以减少 UM 的心理症状为目标,以提高整体福祉和功能。该研究方案已在 PROSPERO 注册(注册号:CRD42021293881)。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and young people with psychiatric disorders: a systematic review. 重复经颅磁刺激对患有精神障碍的儿童和青少年的影响:系统综述。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02475-x
Lucy Gallop, Samuel J Westwood, Amelia Hemmings, Yael Lewis, Iain C Campbell, Ulrike Schmidt

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has demonstrated benefits in adults with psychiatric disorders, but its clinical utility in children and young people (CYP) is unclear. This PRISMA systematic review used published and ongoing studies to examine the effects of rTMS on disorder-specific symptoms, mood and neurocognition in CYP with psychiatric disorders. We searched Medline via PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO via OVID, and Clinicaltrials.gov up to July 2023. Eligible studies involved multiple-session (i.e., treatment) rTMS in CYP (≤ 25 years-old) with psychiatric disorders. Two independent raters assessed the eligibility of studies and extracted data using a custom-built form. Out of 78 eligible studies (participant N = 1389), the majority (k = 54; 69%) reported an improvement in at least one outcome measure of disorder-specific core symptoms. Some studies (k = 21) examined rTMS effects on mood or neurocognition,: findings were largely positive. Overall, rTMS was well-tolerated with minimal side-effects. Of 17 ongoing or recently completed studies, many are sham-controlled RCTs with better blinding techniques and a larger estimated participant enrolment. Findings provide encouraging evidence for rTMS-related improvements in disorder-specific symptoms in CYP with different psychiatric disorders. However, in terms of both mood (for conditions other than depression) and neurocognitive outcomes, evidence is limited. Importantly, rTMS is well-tolerated and safe. Ongoing studies appear to be of improved methodological quality; however, future studies should broaden outcome measures to more comprehensively assess the effects of rTMS and develop guidance on dosage (i.e., treatment regimens).

重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)已被证明对患有精神障碍的成年人有益,但其对儿童和青少年(CYP)的临床效用尚不明确。本 PRISMA 系统性综述利用已发表和正在进行的研究来考察经颅磁刺激对患有精神障碍的儿童和青少年的特定障碍症状、情绪和神经认知的影响。我们检索了截至 2023 年 7 月的 Medline(通过 PubMed)、Embase、PsychINFO(通过 OVID)和 Clinicaltrials.gov。符合条件的研究涉及对患有精神障碍的 CYP(≤ 25 岁)进行多次经颅磁刺激(即治疗)。两名独立评分员对研究的资格进行评估,并使用定制的表格提取数据。在 78 项符合条件的研究中(参与者人数 = 1389),大多数研究(k = 54;69%)都报告了至少一项失调症特异性核心症状的结果测量指标有所改善。一些研究(k = 21)探讨了经颅磁刺激对情绪或神经认知的影响:研究结果大多是积极的。总体而言,经颅磁刺激耐受性良好,副作用极小。在 17 项正在进行或近期完成的研究中,许多都是假对照 RCT,具有更好的盲法和更大的估计参与人数。研究结果提供了令人鼓舞的证据,证明经颅磁刺激疗法可改善患有不同精神障碍的青少 年的特定障碍症状。然而,在情绪(抑郁以外的情况)和神经认知结果方面,证据都很有限。重要的是,经颅磁刺激具有良好的耐受性和安全性。正在进行的研究在方法学质量上似乎有所提高;不过,未来的研究应扩大结果测量的范围,以更全面地评估经颅磁刺激疗法的效果,并制定剂量指导(即治疗方案)。
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引用次数: 0
Irritability: associations with real-time affect dynamics, social interactions, and daily substance use in older adolescents. 易怒:与大龄青少年的实时情绪动态、社会互动和日常药物使用的关系。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02504-9
Jamilah Silver, Mariah T Hawes, Gabrielle A Carlson, Daniel N Klein

Irritability is a common and clinically significant symptom associated with a wide range of negative outcomes. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a valuable tool for capturing experiences, such as emotions, social interactions, and substance use in real-time, and may be useful in understanding how irritability is related to everyday functioning. We investigated cross-sectional associations between a widely used self-report irritability rating scale and affect dynamics, social interactions, and substance use captured with EMA (5 surveys daily for 14 days) in 349 18-year-olds. We also examined the associations of self- and parent-reported irritability at ages 12 and 15 with the age 18 EMA variables to explore whether these relationships persist over time. Youth-reported irritability at age 18 was linked to greater intensity, variability, and inertia of irritability, sadness, and anxiety, less positive and more negative interpersonal experiences, and greater cigarette and drug use. Most effect sizes were in the medium-small range. Associations of youth- and parent-reported irritability at ages 12 and 15 with the age 18 EMA measures were generally similar, although smaller in magnitude. Findings contribute to understanding how irritability is manifested in real-time affect dynamics and interpersonal functioning, as well as daily substance use. Most effects were evident over the course of up to 6 years - that is, early adolescent irritability, reported by both youth and their parents, was associated with similar real-time affect dynamics and interpersonal experiences at age 18. This study contributes to the literature on the developmental psychopathology of irritability by extending findings to everyday functioning.

易怒是一种常见且具有临床意义的症状,与多种负面结果相关。生态瞬间评估(EMA)是一种有价值的工具,可实时捕捉情绪、社会交往和药物使用等体验,有助于了解易怒与日常功能的关系。我们以 349 名 18 岁的青少年为研究对象,调查了广泛使用的自我报告烦躁评分量表与情绪动态、社会交往和药物使用之间的横断面关联。我们还研究了 12 岁和 15 岁时自我和父母报告的易怒程度与 18 岁 EMA 变量之间的关系,以探讨这些关系是否会随着时间的推移而持续。青少年在 18 岁时报告的易怒与易怒、悲伤和焦虑的强度、变异性和惯性、较少积极和较多消极的人际交往经历以及吸烟和吸毒的增加有关。大多数效应大小属于中-小范围。青少年和家长在 12 岁和 15 岁时报告的易怒程度与 18 岁 EMA 测量结果之间的关系大致相似,但影响程度较小。研究结果有助于了解易怒如何在实时情感动态和人际功能以及日常药物使用中表现出来。大多数影响在长达 6 年的时间里都很明显--也就是说,青少年及其父母所报告的青少年早期易怒与 18 岁时类似的实时情感动态和人际交往经历有关。这项研究通过将研究结果扩展到日常功能,为有关易怒的发展性精神病理学的文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Associations between brain network, puberty, and behaviors in boys with Klinefelter syndrome. 克莱恩费尔特综合征男孩的大脑网络、青春期和行为之间的关联。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02501-y
Rihui Li, Lara C Foland-Ross, Tracy Jordan, Matthew J Marzelli, Judith L Ross, Allan L Reiss

Background: Klinefelter syndrome (KS), also referred to as XXY syndrome, is a significant but inadequately studied risk factor for neuropsychiatric disability. Whether alterations in functional brain connectivity or pubertal delays are associated with aberrant cognitive-behavioral outcomes in individuals with KS is largely unknown. In this observational study, we investigated KS-related alterations in the resting-state brain network, testosterone level, and cognitive-behavioral impairment in adolescents with Klinefelter syndrome.

Methods: We recruited 46 boys with KS, ages 8 to 17 years, and 51 age-matched typically developing (TD) boys. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, pubertal, and cognitive-behavioral assessments. Resting-state functional connectivity and regional brain activity of the participants were assessed.

Results: We found widespread alterations in global functional connectivity among the inferior frontal gyrus, temporal-parietal area, and hippocampus in boys with KS. Aberrant regional activities, including enhanced fALFF in the motor area and reduced ReHo in the caudate, were also found in the KS group compared to the TD children. Further, using machine learning methods, brain network alterations in these regions accurately differentiated boys with KS from TD controls. Finally, we showed that the alterations of brain network properties not only effectively predict cognitive-behavioral impairment in boys with KS, but also appear to mediate the association between total testosterone level and language ability, a cognitive domain at particular risk for dysfunction in this condition.

Conclusion: Our results offer an informatic neurobiological foundation for understanding cognitive-behavioral impairments in individuals with KS and contribute to our understanding of the interplay between pubertal status, brain function, and cognitive-behavioral outcome in this population.

背景:克莱菲尔特综合征(Klinefelter syndrome,KS)又称 XXY 综合征,是导致神经精神残疾的一个重要风险因素,但对其研究不足。大脑功能连通性的改变或青春期延迟是否与 KS 患者的认知行为异常结果有关,目前尚不清楚。在这项观察性研究中,我们调查了 Klinefelter 综合征青少年静息态大脑网络、睾酮水平和认知行为障碍中与 KS 相关的改变:我们招募了46名患有KS的8至17岁男孩和51名年龄匹配的发育正常(TD)男孩。所有参与者都接受了静息态功能磁共振成像扫描、青春期和认知行为评估。我们还对参与者的静息态功能连接性和区域性大脑活动进行了评估:结果:我们发现,KS 男孩的额下回、颞顶区和海马之间的整体功能连接发生了广泛改变。与 TD 儿童相比,KS 组还发现了异常的区域活动,包括运动区的 fALFF 增强和尾状核的 ReHo 减少。此外,利用机器学习方法,这些区域的脑网络改变能准确地区分 KS 男孩和 TD 对照组。最后,我们的研究表明,脑网络特性的改变不仅能有效预测KS男童的认知行为障碍,而且似乎还能介导总睾酮水平与语言能力之间的关联,而语言能力是KS男童认知功能障碍的高危领域:我们的研究结果为了解 KS 患者的认知行为障碍提供了一个信息神经生物学基础,有助于我们了解该人群中青春期状态、大脑功能和认知行为结果之间的相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Twenty-year changes of adolescent mental health and substance use: a Finnish population-based time-trend study. 青少年心理健康和药物使用的二十年变化:基于芬兰人口的时间趋势研究。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02512-9
Kaisa Mishina, Emmi Heinonen, Lotta Lempinen, Andre Sourander

This time-trend study assesses changes in mental health and substance use among Finnish adolescents from 1998 to 2018. Representative samples of adolescents (N = 6,600) aged 13-16 years participated in school-based, almost identical cross-sectional studies in 1998 (n = 1,446), 2008 (n = 2,009), 2014 (n = 1,800) and 2018 (n = 1,345), respectively. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess mental health. When comparing mental health in the clinical range between 1998 and 2018, the main finding was the significant increase of emotional symptoms among females. The percentage of females in the clinical range increased from 17.5 to 30.1% during the twenty-year period. When psychopathology measures were analyzed as continuous variables, the finding of increased emotional problems was confirmed. The study clearly illustrates a linear trend, with a consistent increase in emotional problems among females and decrease in substance use among both genders. An alarming finding of steady increase of self-reported emotional problems indicates the importance of early detection and evidence-based interventions for adolescent with anxiety and depression to prevent adversities associated with these disorders.

这项时间趋势研究评估了 1998 年至 2018 年期间芬兰青少年在心理健康和药物使用方面的变化。13至16岁青少年的代表性样本(样本数=6600)分别于1998年(样本数=1446)、2008年(样本数=2009)、2014年(样本数=1800)和2018年(样本数=1345)参加了几乎相同的校本横断面研究。采用优势与困难问卷来评估心理健康状况。在比较 1998 年和 2018 年临床范围内的心理健康状况时,主要发现是女性的情绪症状显著增加。在这二十年间,临床范围内的女性比例从 17.5%增至 30.1%。当将心理病理学测量结果作为连续变量进行分析时,情绪问题增加的发现得到了证实。这项研究清楚地表明了一种线性趋势,即女性的情绪问题持续增加,而男性和女性的药物使用都有所减少。自我报告的情绪问题持续增加这一令人震惊的发现表明,对患有焦虑症和抑郁症的青少年进行早期检测和循证干预以预防与这些疾病相关的逆境的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Proteome-wide association studies have predicted that the protein abundance of LSM6, GMPPB, ICA1L, and CISD2 is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 全蛋白质组关联研究预测,LSM6、GMPPB、ICA1L 和 CISD2 的蛋白质丰度与注意力缺陷/多动障碍有关。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02517-4
Jiewei Liu

Identification of changes in protein abundance for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is important for potential disease mechanisms and therapeutic study for ADHD. In order to identify candidate proteins that confer risk for ADHD, a proteome-wide association study (PWAS) for ADHD was conducted by integrating two human brain proteome datasets and the ADHD genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics released by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). A total of 11 risk proteins were identified as significant candidates that passed the bonferroni corrected proteome-wide significant (PWS) level. The predicted protein abundance level of LSM6, GMPPB, ICA1L and CISD2 are shown significantly associated with ADHD in both proteome datasets, highlighting their potential role in ADHD pathogenesis. A transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of ADHD was also conducted, and 13 genes with predicted expression changes related to ADHD were identified. GMPPB, ICA1L and NAT6 were supported by both TWAS and PWASs analysis. This study uncovers the predicted protein abundance changes that confer risk for ADHD and pinpoints a number of high-confidence protein candidates (e.g. LSM6, GMPPB, ICA1L, CISD2) for further functional exploration studies and drug development targeting these proteins.

确定注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)蛋白质丰度的变化对于ADHD的潜在疾病机制和治疗研究非常重要。为了确定可导致多动症风险的候选蛋白质,研究人员整合了两个人类大脑蛋白质组数据集和精神病基因组学联盟(PGC)发布的多动症全基因组关联研究(GWAS)汇总统计数据,开展了一项多动症全蛋白质组关联研究(PWAS)。共有11种风险蛋白被确定为通过了bonferroni校正的全蛋白质组显著性(PWS)水平的重要候选蛋白。在这两个蛋白质组数据集中,LSM6、GMPPB、ICA1L和CISD2的预测蛋白质丰度水平与ADHD显著相关,突出了它们在ADHD发病机制中的潜在作用。此外,还进行了一项针对多动症的转录组关联研究(TWAS),发现了13个与多动症相关的预测表达变化基因。GMPPB、ICA1L和NAT6得到了TWAS和PWAS分析的支持。这项研究揭示了导致多动症风险的预测蛋白质丰度变化,并确定了一些高可信度的候选蛋白质(如 LSM6、GMPPB、ICA1L 和 CISD2),以便进一步开展功能探索研究和针对这些蛋白质的药物开发。
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引用次数: 0
Psychiatric assessment and therapy in an adolescent with ALG6-CDG: a six-month follow-up case report. 一名患有 ALG6-CDG 的青少年的精神评估和治疗:六个月的随访病例报告。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02564-x
Sihong Li, Zexuan Li, Qiuxia Wu, Xuerong Luo, Yidong Shen

ALG6-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG6-CDG) is a complex of rare inherited disorders caused by mutations in the ALG6 gene, which encodes the α-1,3-glucosyltransferase enzyme required for N-glycosylation. ALG6-CDG affects multiple systems and exhibits clinical heterogeneity. Besides developmental delays and neurological signs and symptoms, behavioral and psychological symptoms are also an important group of clinical features of ALG6-CDG. Here, we present the case of a 17-year-old Chinese girl with ALG6-CDG who first visited the psychiatric department with apathy, language reduction, and substupor symptoms. The psychiatric assessments and treatment processes performed are described and discussed in this report. During diagnostic process, we found a novel mutation, c.849delT, in ALG6 by whole-exome sequencing. The patient's symptoms improved with escitalopram and risperidone treatment. However, above a certain dosage, she was sensitive to extrapyramidal side effects. This study accumulates clinical experience for diagnosing and treating ALG6-CDG and improves our understanding of this rare genetic disorder.

ALG6-先天性糖基化障碍(ALG6-CDG)是一种由ALG6基因突变引起的罕见遗传性疾病,ALG6基因编码N-糖基化所需的α-1,3-葡萄糖基转移酶。ALG6-CDG 会影响多个系统,并表现出临床异质性。除了发育迟缓和神经系统症状外,行为和心理症状也是 ALG6-CDG 的一组重要临床特征。在此,我们介绍了一例患有ALG6-CDG的17岁中国女孩,她最初因冷漠、语言能力下降和substupor症状就诊于精神科。本报告对其进行的精神评估和治疗过程进行了描述和讨论。在诊断过程中,我们通过全外显子组测序发现了 ALG6 的一个新突变,即 c.849delT。经过艾司西酞普兰和利培酮治疗后,患者的症状有所改善。然而,超过一定剂量后,她对锥体外系副作用非常敏感。这项研究积累了诊断和治疗ALG6-CDG的临床经验,增进了我们对这种罕见遗传性疾病的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Systematic review: the impact of maternal pre-and postnatal cannabis use on the behavioral and emotional regulation in early childhood. 系统回顾:母亲产前和产后吸食大麻对幼儿期行为和情绪调节的影响。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02494-8
Emely Reyentanz, Jennifer Gerlach, Sören Kuitunen-Paul, Yulia Golub

Prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco has been associated with child regulatory abilities and problems, but less is known about the associations with cannabis exposure. This review seeks to address this gap primarily focusing on the effects of maternal cannabis use on the child. Thus, we investigate the association between pre- and postnatal cannabis exposure of the child and regulatory abilities and problems, as well as the underlying neurobiological mechanisms potentially mediating the associations. According to the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review was performed based on a systematic literature search through Medline (PubMed), Web of Science and PsycInfo, including studies assessing children aged 0-6 years with cannabis exposure in the preconception, pre-or postnatal period (preconception, pre- and postnatal cannabis exposure [PCE]) and investigating child regulatory abilities, regulatory problems or neurobiological mechanisms. Of n = 1061 screened articles, n = 33 were finally included. Diminished regulatory abilities are more likely to be found in infants after PCE, while specific regulatory problems tend to be more frequently found after two years of age. Possible mechanisms are related to changes in methylation and expression of key genes involved in endocannabinoid, dopaminergic and opioid systems, increased cortisol reactivity and altered Secretory Immunoglobulin A levels. Furthermore, PCE has been associated with changes in brain structure and connectivity. Current findings indicate that PCE is associated with both age-dependent alterations in self-regulation and neurobiological changes in young children. However, evidence is limited due to the number of studies, small sample sizes and lack of control for maternal psychopathology. Longitudinal studies including psychometric data from mothers are needed in order to further understand the implications of PCE.Trial registration: The review is registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023425115).

产前接触酒精和烟草与儿童的调节能力和问题有关,但与接触大麻的关系却知之甚少。本综述试图填补这一空白,主要侧重于母亲吸食大麻对儿童的影响。因此,我们研究了儿童产前和产后接触大麻与调节能力和问题之间的关联,以及可能介导这种关联的潜在神经生物学机制。根据 PRISMA 准则,我们通过 Medline (PubMed)、Web of Science 和 PsycInfo 进行了系统性文献检索,包括评估 0-6 岁儿童在孕前、产前或产后接触大麻(孕前、产前和产后大麻接触 [PCE])并调查儿童调节能力、调节问题或神经生物学机制的研究。在经过筛选的 n = 1061 篇文章中,最终纳入了 n = 33 篇。婴儿在接触 PCE 后更有可能出现调节能力下降的情况,而特定的调节问题则更多地出现在两岁以后。可能的机制与涉及内源性大麻素、多巴胺能和阿片系统的关键基因的甲基化和表达的变化、皮质醇反应性的增加以及分泌型免疫球蛋白 A 水平的改变有关。此外,PCE 还与大脑结构和连接性的变化有关。目前的研究结果表明,PCE 与年龄相关的幼儿自我调节能力的改变和神经生物学的变化有关。然而,由于研究数量少、样本量小以及缺乏对母体精神病理学的控制,相关证据还很有限。为了进一步了解 PCE 的影响,需要进行包括母亲心理测量数据在内的纵向研究:本综述已在 PROSPERO 注册(ID:CRD42023425115)。
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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
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