Eurasian Soil Science最新文献_第2页

Effect of Low Temperature Heating of Potassium-Depleted Soils on Secondary Potassium Release to Calcium Chloride and Wood Vinegar and Fixation 低温加热缺钾土壤对氯化钙和木醋二次释放钾及固定的影响

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324601082

Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri, Hamid Reza Boostani, Soheila Sadat Hashemi

Abstract

Potassium behavior in calcareous soils are very complex and are affected by several factors, such as the content of carbonates and soil heating. In the present research, the comparison of four calcareous soils with varying amounts of carbonates, different mineralogy, and texture (collected from Fars province, southern Iran) was compared to analyze the content of K species, K release by solutions of 0.01 M CaCl₂ and 1% wood vinegar, and K re-fixation. The study also investigated the impact of heating K-depleted soils to 100°C on the secondary release and re-fixation of K. The results showed that the studied soils contained 3–60% carbonates, 14–53% clay, and a relatively similar mineral composition: smectite, illite, chlorite, palygorskite (in dry areas), and vermiculite (in humid areas). Wood vinegar extracted more K from soils with less carbonates than CaCl₂, while this difference was not significant for Fluvisols, which contains about 60% carbonates. Mollic Vertisols with low carbonate content (about 3%) and high levels of clay and smectite released less K in the initial phase. However, K release by this soil decreased less in the second phase, indicating the higher buffering capacity of Mollic Vertisols in providing soluble K. Heating the soil increased the secondary release of K, but decreased the amount of K re-fixation in soils treated with CaCl₂. Generally, Mollic Vertisols fixed more K than other soils. In addition, the type of extractant had no effect on the content of K fixation in the studied soils except Mollic Vertisols. However, wood vinegar reduced the K fixation content in Mollic Vertisols compared to CaCl₂. In general, it can be concluded that wood vinegar can provide more K to the plants without dissolving K-bearing minerals compared to CaCl₂. In addition, soil heating can influence the process of K release and fixation in K-depleted soils.

摘要石灰质土壤中钾的行为非常复杂，受多种因素的影响，如碳酸盐含量和土壤加热。本研究比较了四种不同碳酸盐含量、不同矿物学和质地的石灰性土壤（采集自伊朗南部法尔斯省），分析了钾物种的含量、0.01 M CaCl2 和 1%木醋溶液对钾的释放以及钾的再固定。研究还调查了将缺钾土壤加热到 100°C 对钾的二次释放和再固定的影响。研究结果表明，所研究的土壤中含有 3-60% 的碳酸盐、14-53% 的粘土，以及相对相似的矿物成分：直闪石、伊利石、绿泥石、叶腊石（干燥地区）和蛭石（潮湿地区）。与 CaCl2 相比，木醋从碳酸盐含量较少的土壤中萃取的钾更多，而对于碳酸盐含量约为 60% 的 Fluvisols 而言，这种差异并不显著。碳酸盐含量较低（约 3%）、粘土和直闪石含量较高的 Mollic Vertisols 在初始阶段释放的钾较少。加热土壤会增加钾的二次释放，但会减少用 CaCl2 处理过的土壤中钾的再固定量。一般来说，钾的固定量莫利克眩晕土比其他土壤要多。此外，萃取剂的类型对所研究土壤中的钾固定含量没有影响，但 Mollic Vertisols 土壤除外。然而，与 CaCl2 相比，木醋降低了 Mollic Vertisols 中的钾固定含量。总之，可以得出结论，与 CaCl2 相比，木醋可以在不溶解含钾矿物质的情况下为植物提供更多的钾。此外，土壤加热也会影响贫钾土壤的钾释放和固定过程。

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引用次数: 0

From Lab to Field: Advancements and Applications of On-The-Go Soil Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring 从实验室到现场：用于实时监测的随身土壤传感器的进步与应用

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324601124

Anyou Xie, Qingwei Zhou, Li Fu, Lichuan Zhan, Weihong Wu

Abstract

On-the-go soil sensors have emerged as promising tools for real-time, high-resolution soil nutrient monitoring in precision agriculture. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in on-the-go soil sensor technology, discussing the potential benefits, limitations, and applications of various sensor types, including optical sensors (Vis-NIR, MIR, ATR spectroscopy) and electrochemical sensors (ISEs, ISFETs). The integration of these sensors with positioning systems (GPS) enables the generation of detailed soil nutrient maps, which can guide site-specific management practices and optimize fertilizer application rates. However, factors such as soil moisture, texture, and heterogeneity can affect sensor performance, necessitating robust calibration models and standardized protocols. Future perspectives highlight the need for multi-sensor systems, incorporation into IoT networks for smart farming, and enhancing affordability and adoptability of on-the-go sensor technologies to promote widespread adoption in precision agriculture.

摘要随身携带的土壤传感器已成为精准农业中实时、高分辨率土壤养分监测的理想工具。本综述全面概述了当前最先进的随身土壤传感器技术，讨论了各种传感器类型的潜在优势、局限性和应用，包括光学传感器（可见近红外光谱、中红外光谱、ATR 光谱）和电化学传感器（ISE、ISFET）。将这些传感器与定位系统（GPS）集成后，可以生成详细的土壤养分图，从而指导特定地点的管理实践并优化施肥量。然而，土壤湿度、质地和异质性等因素会影响传感器的性能，因此需要建立强大的校准模型和标准化协议。未来展望强调了多传感器系统的必要性，将其纳入物联网网络以实现智能农业，并提高随身传感器技术的可负担性和可采用性，以促进精准农业的广泛采用。

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引用次数: 0

Differences in the Soil Prokaryotic Microbiome during Continuous and Single Cultivation of Three Varieties of Chinese Cabbage 三个大白菜品种在连续栽培和单一栽培期间土壤原核微生物组的差异

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229323603566

Fang Wang, Xiaoli Wang, Rong Zhao, Lihua Zhang, Suhua Li, Nan Zhang, Haozhang Han

Abstract

Extended cultivation of Chinese cabbage in facility leads to significant continuous cropping challenges, which limits the healthy and sustainable development of the cabbage industry. This study employed metagenomic sequencing to examine soil microbial changes under continuous cropping, integrating soil chemical properties to investigate correlations between soil microbiota and soil quality. Results indicated that after continuous cropping of three varieties of Chinese cabbage, there were decreases in microbial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and the abundance and diversity of soil microbial communities. Pseudomonadota and Actinomycetota were the most dominant Phyla in the soil microbial community. The continuous cropping of three varieties of Chinese cabbage significantly increased the relative abundance of Pseudomonadota but decreased that of Actinomycetota and increased the relative abundance of Gemmatimonas, Enhygromyxa, Rhizobium, Steroidobacter, and Bacillus, decreased the relative abundance of Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, Nocardioides, and Solirubrobacter. The relative abundance of Nocardioides demonstrated a significant negative correlation with ({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }), Cl^–, and available Fe, Cu, and Zn levels. Conversely, Pseudomonas abundance showed a significant positive correlation with soil pH but a negative correlation with ({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }), ({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }), ({text{SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}), Cl^–, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, and available Fe, Cu, and Zn levels. These findings suggested that the reduced abundance of Nocardioides and Pseudomonas may contribute substantially to the continuous cropping challenges observed in the three vegetable crops studied.

摘要设施大白菜的连作栽培带来了巨大的挑战，制约了大白菜产业的健康可持续发展。本研究采用元基因组测序技术研究连作条件下土壤微生物的变化，并结合土壤化学性质研究土壤微生物区系与土壤质量的相关性。结果表明，连续种植三个品种的大白菜后，微生物操作分类单元（OTUs）以及土壤微生物群落的丰度和多样性都有所下降。假单胞菌和放线菌是土壤微生物群落中最主要的门类。三个大白菜品种的连作显著增加了假单胞菌群的相对丰度，但降低了放线菌群的相对丰度，增加了革霉属、酵母属、根瘤菌属、甾体菌属和芽孢杆菌属的相对丰度，降低了假单胞菌属、布拉迪根瘤菌属、Nocardioides 和 Solirubrobacter 的相对丰度。Nocardioides的相对丰度与({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }) 、Cl-以及可利用的铁、铜和锌水平呈显著负相关。相反，假单胞菌的丰度与土壤 pH 值呈显著正相关，但与({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - }) 、({text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }) 、({text{SO}}_{4}^{2 - }}) 、Cl-、Ca2+、Na+、K+以及可利用的铁、铜和锌水平呈负相关。这些研究结果表明，在所研究的三种蔬菜作物中，Nocardioides 和假单胞菌数量的减少可能在很大程度上加剧了连作的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of Soil Quality Index (SQI) and Its Minimum Dataset Indicators for Rice-Based Cropping Systems in the North Bank Plain Zone of Assam 预测阿萨姆邦北岸平原区水稻种植系统的土壤质量指数 (SQI) 及其最小数据集指标

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324600854

S. Bhuyan, D. K. Patgiri, B. K. Medhi, B. Deka, G. G. Kandali, S. J. Medhi, S. Kalidas-Singh, A. Debnath, R. R. Zhiipao, T. Tsomu, S. R. Devegowda, M. Sandillya

Abstract

Prediction of soil quality index is one of the suitable options to determine the productivity of a cropping system. Rice based cropping systems are the most important cropping systems followed in the North Bank Plain region. The productivity of such system has declined continuously due to deterioration of soil quality. The current study was carried out in Cambisols soil to establish soil quality index based on soil physical and chemical properties and identify quality indicators from the rice cropping system. A total of 180 geo-referenced surface soil samples were collected from five rice based cropping systems. The principal components analysis and machine learning model were used to screen the minimum data set indicators for computing the soil quality index. The minimum data set indicators were found as cation exchange capacity, micro aggregate, organic carbon, total porosity and available phosphorus. The SQI for the district ranged from 0.48 to 0.87, with an average of 0.62. The SQI was more significantly positively correlated with the rice equivalent yield of rice potato-based cropping systems, followed by rice rabi vegetables. The spatial variability of the SQI was presented on the geographical information system (GIS) platform through inverse distance weighting (IDW) method of interpolation.

摘要土壤质量指数预测是确定种植系统生产力的合适选择之一。水稻种植系统是北岸平原地区最重要的种植系统。由于土壤质量恶化，这种耕作制度的生产力不断下降。本研究在寒武纪土壤中进行，根据土壤物理和化学特性建立土壤质量指数，并确定水稻种植系统的质量指标。研究人员从五个水稻种植系统中收集了 180 个地理参照表层土壤样本。利用主成分分析和机器学习模型筛选出计算土壤质量指数的最小数据集指标。最小数据集指标包括阳离子交换容量、微集料、有机碳、总孔隙度和可利用磷。该地区的 SQI 介于 0.48 至 0.87 之间，平均为 0.62。SQI 与以水稻马铃薯为基础的种植系统的水稻当量产量呈较明显的正相关，其次是水稻蕾菜。通过反距离加权（IDW）插值法，SQI 的空间变异性在地理信息系统（GIS）平台上得以呈现。

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引用次数: 0

СО2 and СН4 Fluxes in Wetland Ecosystems of the Mezquital Valley, Central Mexico 墨西哥中部梅兹基塔河谷湿地生态系统中的СО2 和СН4 流量

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s106422932460129x

N. E. García-Calderón, E. Fuentes-Romero, E. Ikkonen, V. Sidorova

Abstract

We measured dark CO₂ fluxes and CH₄ emissions from two naturally vegetated ecosystems of the Mezquital Valley irrigated with wastewater from Mexico City. The ecosystems were characterized by high groundwater levels; the vegetation was represented mainly by saltgrass in the first plot and chairmaker’s bulrush in the second. A dark chamber technique was used for the study from August 2008 to June 2009. For the two studied plots, mean values (mean ± SE) for dark ecosystem CO₂ fluxes (R_tot), soil CO₂ emission (R_soil), and heterotrophic respiration (R_het) were 26 ± 5, 14 ± 3 and 12 ± 3 mg C m^–2 h^–1, respectively, The annual cumulative fluxes R_tot, R_soil and R_het equal to 234, 127 and 103 g C m^–2 y^–1, respectively. The contribution of R_soil to R_tot, and R_het to R_soil varied significantly over the study period, with no clear relationship to seasonal dynamics. The observed low CO₂ fluxes may be due to soil salinization resulting from wastewater flooding. The fluxes of CH₄ were observed in the flooded plot, with peaks up to 370 µg C m^–2 h^–1. The fluxes of CH₄ were significantly higher when plants were present in the measurement chamber than when there were no plants, confirming the important role of plant cover in CH₄ transport. Unlike CH₄ fluxes, CO₂ fluxes show seasonal dynamics, mainly due to their strong dependence on temperature. The observed results may be useful for properly estimating the global C budget and the contribution of saline soils to C fluxes.

摘要我们测量了墨西哥城废水灌溉的梅兹基塔山谷两个天然植被生态系统的暗二氧化碳通量和甲烷排放量。这两个生态系统的特点是地下水位较高；第一个地块的植被主要是盐生禾本科植物，第二个地块的植被主要是椅子草。研究采用暗室技术，时间为 2008 年 8 月至 2009 年 6 月。在两个研究地块中，暗生态系统二氧化碳通量（Rtot）、土壤二氧化碳排放量（Rsoil）和异养呼吸作用（Rhet）的平均值（平均值 ± SE）分别为 26 ± 5、14 ± 3 和 12 ± 3 mg C m-2 h-1，年累计通量 Rtot、Rsoil 和 Rhet 分别为 234、127 和 103 g C m-2 y-1。在研究期间，Rsoil 对 Rtot 的贡献率和 Rhet 对 Rsoil 的贡献率变化很大，与季节动态没有明显关系。观测到的二氧化碳通量较低可能是由于废水淹没导致土壤盐碱化造成的。在淹没地块中观察到了 CH4 通量，峰值高达 370 µg C m-2 h-1。测量室内有植物时，CH4 通量明显高于没有植物时，这证实了植物覆盖在 CH4 迁移中的重要作用。与甲烷通量不同，二氧化碳通量呈现季节性动态变化，这主要是由于二氧化碳通量与温度密切相关。观测结果可能有助于正确估计全球碳通量预算和盐碱地对碳通量的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Cotton Grown in Rotation with Soybean Alters Soil Organic Matter over Time 棉花与大豆轮作种植会随时间改变土壤有机质

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324600611

Jun Zhang, Fenghua Zhang

Abstract

Crop rotation could effectively alleviate continuous cropping problems, but how it affects soil organic carbon (SOC) components and chemical structures in case of different duration of continuous cropping (CC) remains unclear. In this study, we selected cotton fields that had been continuously planted for 5, 10, 15, and 20 years for separate soybean rotations (SR). The mechanism of SR to improve soil quality in different duration of CC was determined by SOC components and their chemical structure. The results showed that the content of soil available nutrients, SOC, microbial biomass carbon and soluble organic carbon in the SR treatments significantly increased compared with those in the CC treatment (p < 0.05), but particulate organic carbon content decreased by 24.89–81.10%. Compared with CC in different years, SR treatments significantly reduced soil humus content. SR in 5, 10 and 15 years of CC cotton fields significantly increased the content of sucrase and decreased that of polyphenol oxidase. Compared with CC fields in different years (5-y, 10-y, 15-y, 20-y), SR increased the relative peak intensity of polysaccharides and decreased the relative peak intensity of alcohols and phenols. Among them, the relative peak intensity of R5-y, R10-y and R20-y aliphatic compounds increased, while that of R5-y, R15-y and R20-y aromatic compounds decreased, and R10-y recalcitrant components (Aliphatic + Aromatic) increased.

摘要轮作可以有效缓解连作问题，但轮作如何影响不同连作期（CC）的土壤有机碳（SOC）成分和化学结构仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们选择了连续种植 5 年、10 年、15 年和 20 年的棉田分别与大豆进行轮作（SR）。通过 SOC 成分及其化学结构确定了 SR 在不同的 CC 期改善土壤质量的机制。结果表明，SR 处理的土壤可利用养分、SOC、微生物生物量碳和可溶性有机碳含量与 CC 处理相比显著增加（p < 0.05），但颗粒有机碳含量减少了 24.89%-81.10%。与不同年份的 CC 相比，SR 处理明显降低了土壤腐殖质含量。在 5 年、10 年和 15 年的 CC 棉花田中，SR 能显著提高蔗糖酶的含量，降低多酚氧化酶的含量。与不同年份（5 年、10 年、15 年、20 年）的 CC 棉花田相比，SR 提高了多糖的相对峰强度，降低了醇和酚的相对峰强度。其中，R5-y、R10-y和R20-y脂肪族化合物的相对峰强度增加，而R5-y、R15-y和R20-y芳香族化合物的相对峰强度降低，R10-y难溶组分（脂肪族+芳香族）的相对峰强度增加。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological Risk Assessment of Cu, Ni, Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb and As in Typical Farmland Gray-Brown Desert Soil in China 中国典型农田灰棕色荒漠土壤中铜、镍、镉、汞、锌、铅和砷的生态风险评估

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324601306

Q. E. Guo, S. Y. Cao, L. L. Nan, B. Dong, Z. B. Zhan, Z. Wang

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in soils is a common environmental issue. However, previous studies have primarily investigated the total concentrations of heavy metals, while fraction analysis of heavy metals has rarely been conducted. To bridge this gap, 18 topsoil samples of gray-brown desert farmland soil from the Jinchuan District, Gansu Province, China, were collected to analyze the total concentrations and fractions of Cu, Ni, Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb, and As with the Tessier sequential extraction method that were mainly found in the residual fraction (Pb 50%, As 99%). Ni and Pb were associated with secondary bound to carbonate fractions in most soil samples, while Cd, Hg, and Zn were associated with secondary bound to organic matter fractions. Cu was associated with secondary water-soluble, exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, and bound to organic matter fractions. The mean values of RAC were in the sequence of Cu > Zn > Cd > Pb > Ni > Hg > As. The results of RSP indicated that the ecological risk levels of Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Hg in the soils were low, and Pb was the most significant potential risk factor among all elements. The findings can be used to practice sustainable soil management in the area.

摘要土壤中的重金属污染是一个常见的环境问题。然而，以往的研究主要调查重金属的总浓度，而很少进行重金属的组分分析。为了弥补这一空白，研究人员采集了中国甘肃省金川区灰褐色荒漠农田土壤的 18 个表层土样品，采用 Tessier 顺序萃取法分析了铜、镍、镉、汞、锌、铅和砷的总浓度和组分。在大多数土壤样本中，镍和铅与碳酸盐的二次结合部分有关，而镉、汞和锌则与有机物的二次结合部分有关。铜与次生水溶性、可交换性、与碳酸盐结合、与铁锰氧化物结合以及与有机物结合部分有关。RAC 的平均值依次为 Cu > Zn > Cd > Pb > Ni > Hg > As。RSP结果表明，土壤中的镉、镍、铜、锌、砷和汞的生态风险水平较低，而铅是所有元素中最重要的潜在风险因子。研究结果可用于该地区的可持续土壤管理。

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引用次数: 0

Cryogenic-Lateral Hypothesis of the Formation of the Parent Rock of Soddy-Podzolic Soils Using the Example of the Ryshkovo Paleosol (MIS 5e) in the Taneyev Quarry, Kursk Region 以库尔斯克地区塔涅耶夫采石场的雷什科沃古沉积物（MIS 5e）为例，提出索迪-泊松质土壤母岩形成的低温侧向假说

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324600751

S. A. Sycheva, O. S. Khokhlova, E. G. Ershova, T. N. Myakshina, P. A. Ukrainskiy

Abstract—

The Ryshkovo paleosol of the Mikulino Interglacial (MIS 5e), Late Moscow loess (MIS 6), and buried small erosional landforms were studied in the Taneyev Quarry of Kursk oblast, in the center of the East European Plain. Macro- and micromorphological and palynological analyses of the soil samples were carried out, and the OSL age and physicochemical properties were determined. The history of erosional landforms, soils, and landscapes was reconstructed on the basis of the facial analysis of the paleosol catena. It was concluded that the differentiation of the paleosol profile into the Ah–E–Bt horizons was developed during the Mikulino Interglacial, whereas the initial heterogeneity of the parent material had been formed earlier, during the Late Moscow (Saalian) Glaciation, under the impact of slope and cryogenic processes. The lithological matrix of the Ryshkovo paleosol did not remain unchanged due to the different history of interaction of eolian and slope (solifluction and colluvial) processes, initial pedogenesis, and interglacial soil formation.

摘要在位于东欧平原中心的库尔斯克州塔涅耶夫采石场研究了米库利诺间冰期（MIS 5e）的里什科沃古土壤、莫斯科晚期黄土（MIS 6）以及被掩埋的小型侵蚀地貌。对土壤样本进行了宏观和微观形态学及古生物学分析，并测定了 OSL 年龄和理化性质。根据古沉积物的面貌分析，重建了侵蚀地貌、土壤和地貌的历史。研究得出结论，古沉积剖面分化为 Ah-E-Bt 地层是在米库利诺间冰期形成的，而母质的初始异质性则是在更早的莫斯科晚期（萨利亚）冰川期，在斜坡和低温过程的影响下形成的。由于风化和斜坡（溶蚀和冲积）过程、最初的成土过程和冰期土壤形成过程的相互作用历史不同，Ryshkovo 古溶岩的岩性基质并不是一成不变的。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological Structure of Soil Nematode Communities of Southern Chukotka 楚科奇南部土壤线虫群落的生态结构

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324600799

V. D. Migunova, S. B. Tabolin, L. B. Rybalov

Abstract

The soil nematode communities in typical tundra soils of southern Chukotka have been analyzed. Five types of shrub and grass-shrub biotopes on Cryosols, Fluvisols, Histosols, Gleysols, and Cambisols were examined. The animals were extracted from the soil by the Baermann technique with subsequent determination of taxonomic diversity, total and relative abundance, and trophic groups. The highest number (7044 individuals/100 g of soil) and biomass (12.15 mg) of nematodes were found in the Histosol, and the minimum one (1000 individuals/100 g of soil; 1.96 mg) of nematodes in the Cryosol. Bacterivorous nematodes dominated in all soil types. The maximum percentage of bacterivorous nematodes (94%) were found in the Cambisol. The percentages of fungivorous nematodes in the studied soils ranged from 1 to 42%. Predatory and omnivorous nematodes were present in all soils except for the litter of the Cambisol. Their percentage ranged from 2 to 32%. Phytonematodes were few, their highest number was found in the Gleysol (18%). The nematode fauna of the soils under analysis differed significantly. The greatest diversity of nematodes was found in the peat horizon of the Fluvisol, and the smallest diversity of nematodes was recorded in the litter of the Cambisol. The values of Sigma Maturity Index ranged between 2 and 3. The Enrichment Index had low and moderate (1.40–41.02) values, and the Structure Index had high values (59.51–84.07). The Eudorylaimus and Plectus genera were eudominants in all soil types. The soil food webs formed in the biocenoses under consideration can be characterized as stable and structured except for the alder biocenosis.

摘要对楚科奇南部典型苔原土壤中的土壤线虫群落进行了分析。研究人员考察了冰冻土、氟溶土、组溶土、格列溶土和寒武溶土上的五种灌木和草灌木生物群落。采用 Baermann 技术从土壤中提取动物，然后测定分类多样性、总丰度和相对丰度以及营养群。在组溶胶中发现的线虫数量最多（7044 头/100 克土壤），生物量最大（12.15 毫克），而在低温溶胶中发现的线虫数量最少（1000 头/100 克土壤；1.96 毫克）。细菌线虫在所有土壤类型中都占优势。在寒武溶胶中，细菌线虫的比例最高（94%）。研究土壤中食菌线虫的比例从 1%到 42%不等。所有土壤中都有捕食线虫和杂食线虫，但寒武系土壤中的垃圾除外。它们的比例从 2%到 32%不等。植食线虫数量很少，在 Gleysol 土壤中数量最多（18%）。所分析土壤中的线虫群差异很大。Fluvisol 的泥炭层中线虫种类最多，而 Cambisol 的废弃物中线虫种类最少。西格玛成熟度指数值介于 2 和 3 之间。富集指数为中低值（1.40-41.02），结构指数为高值（59.51-84.07）。Eudorylaimus 属和 Plectus 属在所有土壤类型中均占优势。除桤木生物群落外，其他生物群落形成的土壤食物网具有稳定和结构化的特点。

{"title":"Ecological Structure of Soil Nematode Communities of Southern Chukotka","authors":"V. D. Migunova, S. B. Tabolin, L. B. Rybalov","doi":"10.1134/s1064229324600799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229324600799","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>The soil nematode communities in typical tundra soils of southern Chukotka have been analyzed. Five types of shrub and grass-shrub biotopes on Cryosols, Fluvisols, Histosols, Gleysols, and Cambisols were examined. The animals were extracted from the soil by the Baermann technique with subsequent determination of taxonomic diversity, total and relative abundance, and trophic groups. The highest number (7044 individuals/100 g of soil) and biomass (12.15 mg) of nematodes were found in the Histosol, and the minimum one (1000 individuals/100 g of soil; 1.96 mg) of nematodes in the Cryosol. Bacterivorous nematodes dominated in all soil types. The maximum percentage of bacterivorous nematodes (94%) were found in the Cambisol. The percentages of fungivorous nematodes in the studied soils ranged from 1 to 42%. Predatory and omnivorous nematodes were present in all soils except for the litter of the Cambisol. Their percentage ranged from 2 to 32%. Phytonematodes were few, their highest number was found in the Gleysol (18%). The nematode fauna of the soils under analysis differed significantly. The greatest diversity of nematodes was found in the peat horizon of the Fluvisol, and the smallest diversity of nematodes was recorded in the litter of the Cambisol. The values of Sigma Maturity Index ranged between 2 and 3. The Enrichment Index had low and moderate (1.40–41.02) values, and the Structure Index had high values (59.51–84.07). The Eudorylaimus and Plectus genera were eudominants in all soil types. The soil food webs formed in the biocenoses under consideration can be characterized as stable and structured except for the alder biocenosis.","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil Bacterial Communities in the Affected Zone of Salt Dump (Solikamsk, Perm Krai) 盐场影响区（彼尔姆边疆区索里卡姆斯克）的土壤细菌群落

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE

Eurasian Soil Science

Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1134/s1064229324600805

A. V. Nazarov, Yu. I. Nechaeva, E. S. Korsakova, A. A. Pyankova, E. G. Plotnikova

Abstract

The taxonomic composition of soil (Technosol and Retisol) bacterial communities near the salt dump of a potassium enterprise (Solikamsk, Perm krai) was analyzed by the method of high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Soil samples without plants and of the rhizosphere of plants of the species Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth from plots located 1–1.5, 8, and 780 m and 11 km from the salt dump were studied. It was found that bacteria of the phyla Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, Actinomycetota, Acidobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Gemmatimonadota predominated in all soil samples. The impact of halite waste on the taxonomic composition of bacterial communities in soils was the greatest on plots in the salinization zone in the immediate vicinity of the salt dump (1–1.5 m). In soil samples without plants taken in these areas, bacteria of the order “Candidatus Actinomarinales“ predominated, the proportion of representatives of the phyla Acidobacteriota and Verrucomicrobiota, the class Actinobacteria, and the family Chitinophagaceae decreased, and the proportion of bacteria of the family Xanthomonadaceae in bacterial communities increased in comparison with nonsaline soils (at a distance of 8 and 780 m and 11 km from the salt dump). In the rhizosphere bacterial communities of plants, growing in the salinization zone, the proportion of representatives of the phylum Acidobacteriota and of the families Chitinophagaceae and Enterobacteriaceae decreased, while the proportion of the families Xanthomonadaceae and Flavobacteriaceae became greater. The influence of the salt dump on soil bacterial communities from plots located 8 m and 730 m from the salt dump was revealed: it was manifested in the presence of representatives of the order “Candidatus Actinomarinales“ (1.4–1.6%), of the families Nitrosomonadaceae (3.0–6.1%) and Saprospiraceae (1.0–1.9%), of the genus Ilumatobacter (1.6–2.8%), and of nonculturable bacteria of the family Rhodanobacteraceae (1.3–1.5%).

摘要通过对 16S rRNA 基因进行高通量测序，分析了钾企业盐场（彼尔姆边疆区索里卡姆斯克市）附近土壤（技术溶胶和 Retisol）细菌群落的分类组成。研究对象是距离盐场 1-1.5、8、780 米和 11 公里的地块中没有植物的土壤样本和 Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth 植物根圈样本。研究发现，在所有土壤样本中，假单胞菌门、类杆菌门、放线菌门、酸性杆菌门、疣菌门和宝石菌门的细菌占多数。在紧邻盐场（1-1.5 米）的盐渍化区域的地块上，海泡石废料对土壤中细菌群落分类组成的影响最大。与非盐碱地土壤（距离盐场 8 米、780 米和 11 公里处）相比，在这些地区采集的无植物土壤样本中，"放线菌纲 "细菌占主导地位，酸细菌门和蛭弧菌门、放线菌类和壳斗科细菌的比例下降，黄单胞菌科细菌在细菌群落中的比例上升。在盐碱化区域生长的植物根圈细菌群落中，酸细菌门、壳寡糖科和肠杆菌科细菌的比例下降，而黄单胞菌科和黄杆菌科细菌的比例上升。盐场对距离盐场 8 米和 730 米的地块土壤细菌群落的影响显而易见：表现在 "放线菌纲"（1.4-1.6%）、亚硝基单胞菌科（3.0-6.1%）和无患子科（1.0-1.9%）、Ilumatobacter 属（1.6-2.8%）以及罗丹菌科（1.3-1.5%）的不可培养细菌。

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引用次数: 0