Self-reported abdominal symptoms after consuming gluten-containing cereals in individuals without celiac disease (CeD) are common. The long-term outcomes of these individuals are unknown. Seventy-six adults experiencing symptoms from gluten-containing cereals underwent exclusion of CeD and wheat allergy in 1995–1997 and were thus advised to revert to a normal gluten-containing diet. These individuals were invited to a comprehensive health examination, including measurement of CeD antibodies and symptoms and assessment of quality of life using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWB). Healthy individuals (n = 160) and untreated CeD patients (n = 128) served as controls. Altogether, 28 individuals participated, half of whom were still avoiding gluten-containing cereals. None had acquired a diagnosis of any gastrointestinal disease, and all had negative CeD serology. The entire study group presented with significantly higher GSRS total (participants 2.8, 95% confidence interval 2.5–3.1 vs. controls 1.8, 1.7–1.9; p < 0.001) and other sub-scores than healthy controls, and higher total (vs. patients 2.5, 2.3–2.6; p = 0.041) and constipation scores than untreated CeD patients. Additionally, the group had worse PGWB total (participants 92.1, 84.9–99.4 vs. controls 105.3, 102.5–108.7; p = 0.002) and anxiety, self-control, general health, and vitality sub-cores than healthy controls, as well as self-control, general health, and vitality scores than untreated CeD patients. Twelve participants fulfilled the criteria for irritable bowel syndrome. None of the participants had developed CeD or been diagnosed with gastrointestinal disease for 25 years. They reported more gastrointestinal symptoms and a poorer quality of life, even when compared to untreated CeD patients.
{"title":"Long-term health outcomes of people without celiac disease avoiding gluten consumption: a 25-year prospective cohort study","authors":"Eeva Salmela, Kurppa Kalle, Katri Lindfors, Päivi Saavalainen, Heini Huhtala, Katri Kaukinen, Juha Taavela","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01641-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01641-x","url":null,"abstract":"Self-reported abdominal symptoms after consuming gluten-containing cereals in individuals without celiac disease (CeD) are common. The long-term outcomes of these individuals are unknown. Seventy-six adults experiencing symptoms from gluten-containing cereals underwent exclusion of CeD and wheat allergy in 1995–1997 and were thus advised to revert to a normal gluten-containing diet. These individuals were invited to a comprehensive health examination, including measurement of CeD antibodies and symptoms and assessment of quality of life using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWB). Healthy individuals (n = 160) and untreated CeD patients (n = 128) served as controls. Altogether, 28 individuals participated, half of whom were still avoiding gluten-containing cereals. None had acquired a diagnosis of any gastrointestinal disease, and all had negative CeD serology. The entire study group presented with significantly higher GSRS total (participants 2.8, 95% confidence interval 2.5–3.1 vs. controls 1.8, 1.7–1.9; p < 0.001) and other sub-scores than healthy controls, and higher total (vs. patients 2.5, 2.3–2.6; p = 0.041) and constipation scores than untreated CeD patients. Additionally, the group had worse PGWB total (participants 92.1, 84.9–99.4 vs. controls 105.3, 102.5–108.7; p = 0.002) and anxiety, self-control, general health, and vitality sub-cores than healthy controls, as well as self-control, general health, and vitality scores than untreated CeD patients. Twelve participants fulfilled the criteria for irritable bowel syndrome. None of the participants had developed CeD or been diagnosed with gastrointestinal disease for 25 years. They reported more gastrointestinal symptoms and a poorer quality of life, even when compared to untreated CeD patients.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 10","pages":"1053-1059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01641-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The interplay between beverage consumption patterns and critical aspects of health, such as quality of life (QoL) and sleep disorders, has been increasingly recognized. This study is essential as it explores how the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and Healthy Beverage Score (HBS) relate to sleep disorders and QoL in a diverse adult population, highlighting their impact on various health aspects. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Employees Health Cohort Study (SUMS EHCS), encompassing 3380 participants aged 20–65. Data collection included a 119-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and comprehensive anthropometric, lifestyle, and health-related assessments. HBI and HBS were computed to evaluate beverage consumption patterns, and their associations with sleep quality and QoL were analyzed using logistic regression models. Higher HBI scores were significantly associated with 16% improved QoL (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02–1.29, p = 0.034) and a 17% reduced risk of sleep disorders (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69–0.99, p = 0.039). However, HBS did not significantly correlate with QoL or sleep quality. As indicated by higher HBI scores, the findings emphasize that promoting healthier beverage choices could enhance sleep quality and overall life satisfaction.
背景/目的：饮料消费模式与健康的关键方面之间的相互作用，如生活质量（QoL）和睡眠障碍，已经越来越被认识到。这项研究是至关重要的，因为它探讨了健康饮料指数（HBI）和健康饮料评分（HBS）与不同成人人群中睡眠障碍和生活质量的关系，突出了它们对各个健康方面的影响。对象/方法：采用设拉子医科大学员工健康队列研究（sum EHCS）的数据进行横断面分析，包括3380名年龄在20-65岁之间的参与者。数据收集包括119项食物频率问卷（FFQ）和综合人体测量、生活方式和健康相关评估。计算HBI和HBS来评估饮料消费模式，并使用逻辑回归模型分析其与睡眠质量和生活质量的关系。结果：较高的HBI评分与16%的生活质量改善（OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.29, p = 0.034）和17%的睡眠障碍风险降低（OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69-0.99, p = 0.039）显著相关。然而，HBS与生活质量或睡眠质量没有显著相关。结论：正如较高的HBI分数所表明的那样，研究结果强调了促进健康饮料的选择可以提高睡眠质量和整体生活满意度。
{"title":"Association between beverage quality with sleep disorders and quality of life: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Kimia Leilami, Seyedhassan Sadrian, Zahra Ghazimoradi, Zahra Rezaei, Atefeh Torabi Ardekani, Morteza Zare, Seyed Jalil Masoumi","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01624-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01624-y","url":null,"abstract":"The interplay between beverage consumption patterns and critical aspects of health, such as quality of life (QoL) and sleep disorders, has been increasingly recognized. This study is essential as it explores how the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and Healthy Beverage Score (HBS) relate to sleep disorders and QoL in a diverse adult population, highlighting their impact on various health aspects. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Employees Health Cohort Study (SUMS EHCS), encompassing 3380 participants aged 20–65. Data collection included a 119-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and comprehensive anthropometric, lifestyle, and health-related assessments. HBI and HBS were computed to evaluate beverage consumption patterns, and their associations with sleep quality and QoL were analyzed using logistic regression models. Higher HBI scores were significantly associated with 16% improved QoL (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02–1.29, p = 0.034) and a 17% reduced risk of sleep disorders (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69–0.99, p = 0.039). However, HBS did not significantly correlate with QoL or sleep quality. As indicated by higher HBI scores, the findings emphasize that promoting healthier beverage choices could enhance sleep quality and overall life satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 10","pages":"972-979"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01636-8
Melanie Haas, Beate Brandl, Klaus Neuhaus, Susanne Wudy, Karin Kleigrewe, Hans Hauner, Thomas Skurk
The gut-microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, while dietary fiber is associated with reduced CVD risk and improved gut health. Considering these associations, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, pilot study to investigate the influence of fiber supplementation on intestinal TMAO formation after beef consumption. 13 volunteers underwent a two-week dietary fiber and placebo intervention. We assessed the effect of fiber supplementation on the gut microbiota and gene abundance of the enzyme cutC, a key enzyme for microbial TMA formation, a precursor for TMAO. We measured the TMAO response following beef consumption after the two-week intervention. We also examined the role of hepatic enzyme FMO3 on TMAO plasma levels. Although overall TMAO production did not change between the dietary fiber and placebo group (p-value = 0.26, 95% CI), subgroup analysis revealed that fiber supplementation attenuated TMAO formation following beef intake in participants with lower habitual meat consumption ( <3 times/week, p-value = 0.029, 95% CI). Furthermore, fiber intervention significantly downregulated microbial cutC gene abundance (p = 0.034, 95% CI), suggesting a mechanism by which fiber might reduce plasma TMAO levels. While dietary fiber intervention did not alter TMAO production across all participants, it showed a potential effect in individuals with lower habitual meat intake. The observed downregulation of cutC gene abundance suggests a mechanism for the beneficial impact of fiber on TMAO formation. These findings support the role of a high-fiber, low-meat diet as a promising strategy to mitigate TMAO-related CVD risk.
背景/目的：肠道微生物依赖的代谢物三甲胺- n -氧化物（TMAO）与心血管疾病（CVD）风险有关，而膳食纤维与降低CVD风险和改善肠道健康有关。考虑到这些关联，我们进行了一项随机、双盲、试点研究，以调查纤维补充对牛肉食用后肠道氧化三甲胺形成的影响。受试者/方法：13名志愿者接受了为期两周的膳食纤维和安慰剂干预。我们评估了纤维补充对肠道微生物群和酶cutC基因丰度的影响，酶cutC是微生物TMA形成的关键酶，是TMAO的前体。在两周的干预后，我们测量了食用牛肉后的氧化三甲胺反应。我们还研究了肝酶FMO3对TMAO血浆水平的作用。结果：虽然膳食纤维组和安慰剂组的氧化三甲胺总生成没有变化（p值= 0.26,95% CI），但亚组分析显示，在习惯肉类消费量较低的参与者中，膳食纤维补充可以减少牛肉摄入后氧化三甲胺的形成(结论：这些发现支持高纤维、低肉饮食作为一种有希望的策略来减轻氧化三甲胺相关心血管疾病风险的作用。MEATMARK研究的图形摘要。创建与BioRender.com。哈斯，M. (2025) https://BioRender.com/x12v771。
{"title":"Effect of dietary fiber on trimethylamine-N-oxide production after beef consumption and on gut microbiota: MEATMARK – a randomized cross-over study","authors":"Melanie Haas, Beate Brandl, Klaus Neuhaus, Susanne Wudy, Karin Kleigrewe, Hans Hauner, Thomas Skurk","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01636-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01636-8","url":null,"abstract":"The gut-microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, while dietary fiber is associated with reduced CVD risk and improved gut health. Considering these associations, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, pilot study to investigate the influence of fiber supplementation on intestinal TMAO formation after beef consumption. 13 volunteers underwent a two-week dietary fiber and placebo intervention. We assessed the effect of fiber supplementation on the gut microbiota and gene abundance of the enzyme cutC, a key enzyme for microbial TMA formation, a precursor for TMAO. We measured the TMAO response following beef consumption after the two-week intervention. We also examined the role of hepatic enzyme FMO3 on TMAO plasma levels. Although overall TMAO production did not change between the dietary fiber and placebo group (p-value = 0.26, 95% CI), subgroup analysis revealed that fiber supplementation attenuated TMAO formation following beef intake in participants with lower habitual meat consumption ( <3 times/week, p-value = 0.029, 95% CI). Furthermore, fiber intervention significantly downregulated microbial cutC gene abundance (p = 0.034, 95% CI), suggesting a mechanism by which fiber might reduce plasma TMAO levels. While dietary fiber intervention did not alter TMAO production across all participants, it showed a potential effect in individuals with lower habitual meat intake. The observed downregulation of cutC gene abundance suggests a mechanism for the beneficial impact of fiber on TMAO formation. These findings support the role of a high-fiber, low-meat diet as a promising strategy to mitigate TMAO-related CVD risk.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 10","pages":"980-990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01636-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-14DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01623-z
Zhi Wang, Ling Yang, Bowen Du, Hualin Wang, Caifang Xu, Qianchuo Wang, Zhuoyan Li, Zhikang Xu, Hui Wang, Kun Sun, Jian Wang
Breast milk is an important source of nutrition for infant development. But few studies have investigated the relationship between breastfeeding duration and children’s cardiac structure and function. To assess the association of the duration of breastfeeding in infancy with cardiac structures and functions in 4-year-old children. The study analyzed data from 891 mother-offspring pairs in the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) with complete 4-year follow-up and breastfeeding questionnaires. It excluded children with congenital heart defects or missing echocardiography data at age 4. Breastfeeding duration, including exclusive and mixed feeding, was categorized into three groups (<6months, 6-12months, >12months) based on questionnaires at 3 days, 24 days, 6, 12, and 24 months. Echocardiographic data were measured following 2010 American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. The results showed that: compared to 4-year-old children who were breastfed for less than 6 months, those breastfed for more than 6 months had bigger left atrial and ventricular volume, including increased left atrial diastolic volume [LAVd (β: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.35, 2.83)], left atrial systolic volume [LAVs (β: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.3)], left ventricular diastolic volume [LVEDV (β: 2.00, 95% CI: 0.36, 3.62)] and systolic volume [LVESV (β: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.17, 1.57)]. Children breastfed over 12 months showed similar cardiac structural changes as those breastfed 6-12 months. These findings were more pronounced in girls and low birthweight children. Four-year-old children who were breastfed for six months or more had increased left heart volume, and this association was influenced by gender and birthweight.
{"title":"Association of breastfeeding duration with cardiac structure and function in 4 years old","authors":"Zhi Wang, Ling Yang, Bowen Du, Hualin Wang, Caifang Xu, Qianchuo Wang, Zhuoyan Li, Zhikang Xu, Hui Wang, Kun Sun, Jian Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01623-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01623-z","url":null,"abstract":"Breast milk is an important source of nutrition for infant development. But few studies have investigated the relationship between breastfeeding duration and children’s cardiac structure and function. To assess the association of the duration of breastfeeding in infancy with cardiac structures and functions in 4-year-old children. The study analyzed data from 891 mother-offspring pairs in the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) with complete 4-year follow-up and breastfeeding questionnaires. It excluded children with congenital heart defects or missing echocardiography data at age 4. Breastfeeding duration, including exclusive and mixed feeding, was categorized into three groups (<6months, 6-12months, >12months) based on questionnaires at 3 days, 24 days, 6, 12, and 24 months. Echocardiographic data were measured following 2010 American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. The results showed that: compared to 4-year-old children who were breastfed for less than 6 months, those breastfed for more than 6 months had bigger left atrial and ventricular volume, including increased left atrial diastolic volume [LAVd (β: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.35, 2.83)], left atrial systolic volume [LAVs (β: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.3)], left ventricular diastolic volume [LVEDV (β: 2.00, 95% CI: 0.36, 3.62)] and systolic volume [LVESV (β: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.17, 1.57)]. Children breastfed over 12 months showed similar cardiac structural changes as those breastfed 6-12 months. These findings were more pronounced in girls and low birthweight children. Four-year-old children who were breastfed for six months or more had increased left heart volume, and this association was influenced by gender and birthweight.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 10","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01635-9
Melissa Antunes, Leandro dos Santos, Luís Alberto Gobbo, Analiza M. Silva, Paolo M. Cunha, Witalo Kassiano, Letícia T. Cyrino, Hellen C. G. Nabuco, Ricardo J. Rodrigues, Luís B. Sardinha, Edilson S. Cyrino
Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) are important for monitoring hydration, muscle function, and quality of life in older adults. Resistance training (RT) can counteract aging’s adverse effects on cellular integrity and function. This study compared the effects of RT volume reduction on BIVA and PhA in physically independent older women. Sixty-seven participants (>60 years) underwent a 20-week standardized whole-body RT program (eight exercises, three sets each, 8–12 repetitions, three non-consecutive days per week in the morning). They were then randomly assigned to one of the three eight-week training conditions following the training model described above: reduced volume to one set (RV1, n = 22), two sets (RV2, n = 24), or maintained volume (MV, n = 21). Bioimpedance spectroscopy measured total body water (TBW), intracellular (ICW), and extracellular (ECW) water, BIVA, and PhA based on resistance (R), impedance (Z), reactance (Xc), and height (H). All groups showed significant increases in TBW, ICW, and ECW during the volume reduction phase (P < 0.05). R, R/H, Z, and Z/H decreased across all groups, with significant changes from the pre-conditioning phase in the RV1 and RV2 groups (P < 0.05). Xc and Xc/H increased during the pre-conditioning phase across all groups and returned to baseline during the volume reduction phase (P < 0.05). PhA increased during the pre-conditioning and was maintained during the volume reduction phase (RV1 = +0.33°, RV2 = +0.50°, MV = +0.47°; P < 0.05). These results suggest that reducing RT volume by up to one-third can still improve PhA, BIVA, and hydration status in older women.
背景：生物电阻抗矢量分析（BIVA）和相位角（PhA）对于监测老年人的水合作用、肌肉功能和生活质量很重要。抗阻训练（RT）可以抵消衰老对细胞完整性和功能的不利影响。目的：比较RT减容对身体独立老年妇女BIVA和PhA的影响。67名参与者（60岁）接受了为期20周的标准化全身RT计划（8项运动，每组3组，重复8-12次，每周3天非连续的早晨）。然后，他们被随机分配到上述训练模型所描述的三种为期八周的训练条件之一：将体积减少到一组（RV1, n = 22），两组（RV2, n = 24）或保持体积（MV, n = 21）。生物阻抗光谱根据电阻(R)、阻抗(Z)、电抗（Xc）和高度(H)测量全身水分（TBW）、细胞内（ICW）和细胞外（ECW）水分、BIVA和PhA。所有组在减容期TBW、ICW和ECW均显著增加(P结果：R、R/H、Z和Z/H在所有组中均下降，RV1和RV2组的预适应期变化显著(P结论：这些结果表明，将RV1体积减少三分之一仍可改善老年妇女的PhA、BIVA和水合状态。
{"title":"Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and phase angle in response to resistance training volume reduction in older women","authors":"Melissa Antunes, Leandro dos Santos, Luís Alberto Gobbo, Analiza M. Silva, Paolo M. Cunha, Witalo Kassiano, Letícia T. Cyrino, Hellen C. G. Nabuco, Ricardo J. Rodrigues, Luís B. Sardinha, Edilson S. Cyrino","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01635-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01635-9","url":null,"abstract":"Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) are important for monitoring hydration, muscle function, and quality of life in older adults. Resistance training (RT) can counteract aging’s adverse effects on cellular integrity and function. This study compared the effects of RT volume reduction on BIVA and PhA in physically independent older women. Sixty-seven participants (>60 years) underwent a 20-week standardized whole-body RT program (eight exercises, three sets each, 8–12 repetitions, three non-consecutive days per week in the morning). They were then randomly assigned to one of the three eight-week training conditions following the training model described above: reduced volume to one set (RV1, n = 22), two sets (RV2, n = 24), or maintained volume (MV, n = 21). Bioimpedance spectroscopy measured total body water (TBW), intracellular (ICW), and extracellular (ECW) water, BIVA, and PhA based on resistance (R), impedance (Z), reactance (Xc), and height (H). All groups showed significant increases in TBW, ICW, and ECW during the volume reduction phase (P < 0.05). R, R/H, Z, and Z/H decreased across all groups, with significant changes from the pre-conditioning phase in the RV1 and RV2 groups (P < 0.05). Xc and Xc/H increased during the pre-conditioning phase across all groups and returned to baseline during the volume reduction phase (P < 0.05). PhA increased during the pre-conditioning and was maintained during the volume reduction phase (RV1 = +0.33°, RV2 = +0.50°, MV = +0.47°; P < 0.05). These results suggest that reducing RT volume by up to one-third can still improve PhA, BIVA, and hydration status in older women.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 12","pages":"1167-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01633-x
Tonghui Shen, Alice E. Thackray, Jack A. Sargeant, Thomas Yates, James A. King, Scott A. Willis, David J. Stensel
To compare acute effects of continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME) and low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (LV-HIIE) on appetite responses between South Asians and white Europeans with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia. Thirteen white Europeans and 10 South Asians (age 50–74 years) completed three, 5-h experimental conditions (CME, LV-HIIE, control) in randomised sequences. Standardised meals were provided at 0 and 3 h. Exercise involved a 25-min LV-HIIE or 35-min CME bout that ended at 2 h. Subjective appetite perceptions and appetite-related hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), acylated ghrelin (AG)) were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4 and 5 h. Time-averaged total area under the curve (TAUC; 1–5 h) was analysed, adjusted for age, sex, and pre-intervention time-averaged TAUC (0–1 h). Total GLP-1 was higher in LV-HIIE (mean difference [95% CI] 4.3 [1.5, 7.1] pmol/L h) and CME (4.5 [1.4, 7.7] pmol/L h) versus control (condition effect P = 0.01), but exercise had no effect on the other outcomes in the whole study population (P ≥ 0.28). Appetite responses to exercise were similar between ethnicities for total GLP-1 and total PYY (interaction P ≥ 0.11), but subtle differences emerged for AG and overall appetite (interaction P ≤ 0.02). AG was higher and overall appetite lower in LV-HIIE versus CME in South Asians whilst overall appetite was higher in LV-HIIE versus CME in white Europeans, but neither exercise bout was different to control. Single LV-HIIE and CME bouts increased total GLP-1 in individuals with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia, but exercise-related appetite responses were not strongly modulated by exercise intensity or ethnicity.
{"title":"The acute effects of moderate-intensity continuous or high-intensity interval exercise on appetite and appetite-related hormones in South Asian and white European adults with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia","authors":"Tonghui Shen, Alice E. Thackray, Jack A. Sargeant, Thomas Yates, James A. King, Scott A. Willis, David J. Stensel","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01633-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01633-x","url":null,"abstract":"To compare acute effects of continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME) and low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (LV-HIIE) on appetite responses between South Asians and white Europeans with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia. Thirteen white Europeans and 10 South Asians (age 50–74 years) completed three, 5-h experimental conditions (CME, LV-HIIE, control) in randomised sequences. Standardised meals were provided at 0 and 3 h. Exercise involved a 25-min LV-HIIE or 35-min CME bout that ended at 2 h. Subjective appetite perceptions and appetite-related hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), acylated ghrelin (AG)) were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4 and 5 h. Time-averaged total area under the curve (TAUC; 1–5 h) was analysed, adjusted for age, sex, and pre-intervention time-averaged TAUC (0–1 h). Total GLP-1 was higher in LV-HIIE (mean difference [95% CI] 4.3 [1.5, 7.1] pmol/L h) and CME (4.5 [1.4, 7.7] pmol/L h) versus control (condition effect P = 0.01), but exercise had no effect on the other outcomes in the whole study population (P ≥ 0.28). Appetite responses to exercise were similar between ethnicities for total GLP-1 and total PYY (interaction P ≥ 0.11), but subtle differences emerged for AG and overall appetite (interaction P ≤ 0.02). AG was higher and overall appetite lower in LV-HIIE versus CME in South Asians whilst overall appetite was higher in LV-HIIE versus CME in white Europeans, but neither exercise bout was different to control. Single LV-HIIE and CME bouts increased total GLP-1 in individuals with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia, but exercise-related appetite responses were not strongly modulated by exercise intensity or ethnicity.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 12","pages":"1188-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01633-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-25DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01634-w
Amer Abdul Qaiyum, Maliha Salim, Mohammed Abdelrehiem, Leanne Royle, Sarah Maltby
Scurvy, considered an ancient disease, is now being seen in children with restricted nutritional intake. Often children have vague symptoms which warrant thorough investigations to rule out more serious causes. The diagnostic uncertainty, extensive investigations and prolonged hospitalization has significant impact on child’s development. We have presented a case of scurvy in a 7-year-old boy, known to have ARFID with progressive lower limb pain, weakness, limp and inability to bear weight for 5 weeks which have previously been reported in literature. However, this case was complicated by variable neurological findings during his admission. Scurvy was considered and diagnosed much later in the disease course after ruling out more sinister causes. Main learning points of this case were to have a high index of suspicion for Scurvy in children with restricted intake, and to improve surveillance and monitoring for nutritional deficiencies in these patients.
{"title":"ARFID and a twist of lime- unravelling a case of paediatric scurvy","authors":"Amer Abdul Qaiyum, Maliha Salim, Mohammed Abdelrehiem, Leanne Royle, Sarah Maltby","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01634-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01634-w","url":null,"abstract":"Scurvy, considered an ancient disease, is now being seen in children with restricted nutritional intake. Often children have vague symptoms which warrant thorough investigations to rule out more serious causes. The diagnostic uncertainty, extensive investigations and prolonged hospitalization has significant impact on child’s development. We have presented a case of scurvy in a 7-year-old boy, known to have ARFID with progressive lower limb pain, weakness, limp and inability to bear weight for 5 weeks which have previously been reported in literature. However, this case was complicated by variable neurological findings during his admission. Scurvy was considered and diagnosed much later in the disease course after ruling out more sinister causes. Main learning points of this case were to have a high index of suspicion for Scurvy in children with restricted intake, and to improve surveillance and monitoring for nutritional deficiencies in these patients.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 9","pages":"937-939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01632-y
Fatimata Cisse, Clay Swackhamer, Hawa G. Diall, Atossa Rahmanifar, Mariam Sylla, Antone R. Opekun, Michael A. Grusak, Amy H-M. Lin, Elizabeth A. Pletsch, Anna M. R. Hayes, Roberto Quezada-Calvillo, Buford L. Nichols, Bruce R. Hamaker
Increasing the energy density of porridges could help meet the needs of moderately malnourished, stunted children. However, it is not clear whether stunted toddlers can adequately digest and obtain energy from energy-dense porridges with thick texture. A clinical study was conducted in Bamako, Mali, using 13C-labeled substrates and serial breath sampling to determine whether stunted toddlers differed from healthy toddlers in their capacity to digest thick and thin sorghum porridges. Experimental porridges, including a traditional porridge (control), a starch-enriched calorie-dense thick porridge, and an α-amylase-thinned calorie-dense porridge, were fed to stunted (n = 24) and healthy (n = 24) 18–30-month toddlers. Breath test results were expressed as Percent Dose Recovery and curve fit using the Weibull function to determine the kinetics of starch digestion. The stunted and healthy toddlers were able to digest and oxidize the starch from traditional porridge equally well, with no statistically significant differences between the kinetic parameters of the two groups. After consumption of thickened porridge, healthy toddlers had slightly faster starch digestion kinetics with PDR curves rising more rapidly (p < 0.05) and peaking earlier in the postprandial period (p < 0.01) for healthy individuals than for stunted individuals, yet these groups did not have differences in the overall extent of starch digestion, as their final CPDR values were not significantly different. Gastric emptying rate did not differ significantly between the healthy and stunted groups. Overall, we found that thick porridge supplied digestible carbohydrates to stunted and healthy toddlers, as well as thinned calorie-dense porridge.
{"title":"Stunted African toddlers digest and obtain energy from energy-dense thick sorghum porridge","authors":"Fatimata Cisse, Clay Swackhamer, Hawa G. Diall, Atossa Rahmanifar, Mariam Sylla, Antone R. Opekun, Michael A. Grusak, Amy H-M. Lin, Elizabeth A. Pletsch, Anna M. R. Hayes, Roberto Quezada-Calvillo, Buford L. Nichols, Bruce R. Hamaker","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01632-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01632-y","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the energy density of porridges could help meet the needs of moderately malnourished, stunted children. However, it is not clear whether stunted toddlers can adequately digest and obtain energy from energy-dense porridges with thick texture. A clinical study was conducted in Bamako, Mali, using 13C-labeled substrates and serial breath sampling to determine whether stunted toddlers differed from healthy toddlers in their capacity to digest thick and thin sorghum porridges. Experimental porridges, including a traditional porridge (control), a starch-enriched calorie-dense thick porridge, and an α-amylase-thinned calorie-dense porridge, were fed to stunted (n = 24) and healthy (n = 24) 18–30-month toddlers. Breath test results were expressed as Percent Dose Recovery and curve fit using the Weibull function to determine the kinetics of starch digestion. The stunted and healthy toddlers were able to digest and oxidize the starch from traditional porridge equally well, with no statistically significant differences between the kinetic parameters of the two groups. After consumption of thickened porridge, healthy toddlers had slightly faster starch digestion kinetics with PDR curves rising more rapidly (p < 0.05) and peaking earlier in the postprandial period (p < 0.01) for healthy individuals than for stunted individuals, yet these groups did not have differences in the overall extent of starch digestion, as their final CPDR values were not significantly different. Gastric emptying rate did not differ significantly between the healthy and stunted groups. Overall, we found that thick porridge supplied digestible carbohydrates to stunted and healthy toddlers, as well as thinned calorie-dense porridge.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 10","pages":"1018-1028"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01632-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01629-7
Nouf A. Alghamdi, James L. Dorling, Abdulrahman Alreshidi, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Dalia Malkova
Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) are at increased risk for obesity, possibly due to reduced satiety induced by a PKU diet that is low protein and high carbohydrate. It is unclear how exercise alters postprandial satiety after a PKU-like meal. The objective was to examine changes in postprandial satiety, satiety hormone concentrations, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in response to acute treadmill exercise following a PKU-like meal. Sixteen males (mean age [±SD]: 26.5 ± 4.8 years; BMI: 23.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2) participated in a randomized cross-over trial with two conditions: exercise and control. Both trials involved consuming a PKU-like meal comprising naturally low-protein foods, a special low-protein food and a protein substitute. In the exercise trial, participants exercised at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake for 1 h before the meal; in the control trial, they rested. Satiety agents (peptide YY [PYY], glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] and growth differentiation factor-15 [GDF-15]), appetite, energy expenditure, fat oxidation and carbohydrate oxidation were measured. Mean (±SE) appetite and postprandial PYY and GLP-1 concentrations were unaffected by exercise (P ≥ 0.279). However, GDF-15 was higher in the exercise trial (control: 288 ± 25 pg/mL vs. exercise: 322 ± 24 pg/mL; P = 0.002). Exercise increased fat oxidation (P = 0.013) and decreased carbohydrate oxidation post-meal (P = 0.022), with concomitantly lower RER (P = 0.005). Energy expenditure rose during exercise (P < 0.001), but no difference occurred postprandially (P = 0.543). Acute exercise prior to a PKU-like meal does not affect postprandial GLP-1 and PYY concentrations compared to control but GDF-15 was increased and RER was reduced, potentially improving appetite regulation.
{"title":"Effects of exercise conducted prior to phenylketonuria-type meal on appetite, satiety hormones and energy expenditure: a randomised cross-over trial","authors":"Nouf A. Alghamdi, James L. Dorling, Abdulrahman Alreshidi, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Dalia Malkova","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01629-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01629-7","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) are at increased risk for obesity, possibly due to reduced satiety induced by a PKU diet that is low protein and high carbohydrate. It is unclear how exercise alters postprandial satiety after a PKU-like meal. The objective was to examine changes in postprandial satiety, satiety hormone concentrations, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in response to acute treadmill exercise following a PKU-like meal. Sixteen males (mean age [±SD]: 26.5 ± 4.8 years; BMI: 23.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2) participated in a randomized cross-over trial with two conditions: exercise and control. Both trials involved consuming a PKU-like meal comprising naturally low-protein foods, a special low-protein food and a protein substitute. In the exercise trial, participants exercised at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake for 1 h before the meal; in the control trial, they rested. Satiety agents (peptide YY [PYY], glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] and growth differentiation factor-15 [GDF-15]), appetite, energy expenditure, fat oxidation and carbohydrate oxidation were measured. Mean (±SE) appetite and postprandial PYY and GLP-1 concentrations were unaffected by exercise (P ≥ 0.279). However, GDF-15 was higher in the exercise trial (control: 288 ± 25 pg/mL vs. exercise: 322 ± 24 pg/mL; P = 0.002). Exercise increased fat oxidation (P = 0.013) and decreased carbohydrate oxidation post-meal (P = 0.022), with concomitantly lower RER (P = 0.005). Energy expenditure rose during exercise (P < 0.001), but no difference occurred postprandially (P = 0.543). Acute exercise prior to a PKU-like meal does not affect postprandial GLP-1 and PYY concentrations compared to control but GDF-15 was increased and RER was reduced, potentially improving appetite regulation.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"79 12","pages":"1197-1203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-025-01629-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1038/s41430-025-01631-z
Yunfeng Yu, Tongyi Zhou, Liu Li, Xiu Liu, Yuman Yin, Rong Yu
This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin B12 acupoint injections compared to other administration routes in treating diabetic neuropathy (DN). We included 20 randomized controlled trials published before March 1, 2024, sourced from eight public databases, involving 1688 participants. Subsequently, we recorded their basic data, investigated their risk of bias, and then carried out a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA). The meta-analysis revealed that compared to other administration routes of vitamin B12, acupoint injection significantly improved the clinical effectiveness proportion by 28% (risk ratio [RR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–1.35), peroneal nerve motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) by 4.43 m/s (MD 4.43, 95% CI 2.83–6.03), peroneal nerve sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) by 3.82 m/s (MD 3.82, 95% CI 3.23–4.41), median nerve MNCV by 5.48 m/s (MD 5.48, 95% CI 4.71–6.24), and median nerve SNCV by 4.62 m/s (MD 4.62, 95% CI 3.84–5.39) in patients with DN, while having no significant impact on fasting blood glucose (FBG) (MD −0.18, 95% CI −0.44 to 0.08), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2h-PBG) (MD −0.02, 95% CI −0.36 to 0.33), and the adverse event incidence (RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.44–4.70). TSA indicated that except for FBG, 2h-PBG, and adverse event incidence, the remaining meta-analysis results were conclusive. These findings indicate that compared to other administration routes of vitamin B12, acupoint injection improves neurological function in patients with DN without increasing adverse events and economic burden, suggesting that it may be the optimal administration route for vitamin B12.
本研究旨在系统评价维生素B12穴位注射治疗糖尿病神经病变（DN）的疗效和安全性，并与其他给药途径进行比较。我们纳入了在2024年3月1日之前发表的20项随机对照试验，这些试验来自8个公共数据库，涉及1688名参与者。随后，我们记录了他们的基本数据，调查了他们的偏倚风险，然后进行了meta分析和试验序列分析（TSA）。meta分析显示，与其他给药途径相比，穴位注射可显著提高临床有效率28%（风险比[RR] 1.28, 95%可信区间[CI] 1.22 ~ 1.35），腓神经运动神经传导速度（MNCV）提高4.43 m/s (MD 4.43, 95% CI 2.83 ~ 6.03)，腓神经感觉神经传导速度（SNCV）提高3.82 m/s (MD 3.82, 95% CI 3.23 ~ 4.41)，正中神经MNCV提高5.48 m/s (MD 5.48, 95% CI 4.71 ~ 6.24)，DN患者中正中神经SNCV降低4.62 m/s (MD 4.62, 95% CI 3.84-5.39)，而对空腹血糖（FBG） （MD -0.18, 95% CI -0.44 ~ 0.08）、餐后2h血糖（2h-PBG） （MD -0.02, 95% CI -0.36 ~ 0.33）和不良事件发生率（RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.44 ~ 4.70）无显著影响。TSA显示，除FBG、2h-PBG和不良事件发生率外，其余meta分析结果均为结论性的。这些结果表明，与其他给药途径相比，穴位注射可改善DN患者的神经功能，而不会增加不良事件和经济负担，提示穴位注射可能是维生素B12的最佳给药途径。
{"title":"Acupoint injection increases the efficacy of vitamin B12 for diabetic neuropathy: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis","authors":"Yunfeng Yu, Tongyi Zhou, Liu Li, Xiu Liu, Yuman Yin, Rong Yu","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01631-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01631-z","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin B12 acupoint injections compared to other administration routes in treating diabetic neuropathy (DN). We included 20 randomized controlled trials published before March 1, 2024, sourced from eight public databases, involving 1688 participants. Subsequently, we recorded their basic data, investigated their risk of bias, and then carried out a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA). The meta-analysis revealed that compared to other administration routes of vitamin B12, acupoint injection significantly improved the clinical effectiveness proportion by 28% (risk ratio [RR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–1.35), peroneal nerve motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) by 4.43 m/s (MD 4.43, 95% CI 2.83–6.03), peroneal nerve sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) by 3.82 m/s (MD 3.82, 95% CI 3.23–4.41), median nerve MNCV by 5.48 m/s (MD 5.48, 95% CI 4.71–6.24), and median nerve SNCV by 4.62 m/s (MD 4.62, 95% CI 3.84–5.39) in patients with DN, while having no significant impact on fasting blood glucose (FBG) (MD −0.18, 95% CI −0.44 to 0.08), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2h-PBG) (MD −0.02, 95% CI −0.36 to 0.33), and the adverse event incidence (RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.44–4.70). TSA indicated that except for FBG, 2h-PBG, and adverse event incidence, the remaining meta-analysis results were conclusive. These findings indicate that compared to other administration routes of vitamin B12, acupoint injection improves neurological function in patients with DN without increasing adverse events and economic burden, suggesting that it may be the optimal administration route for vitamin B12.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 1","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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