European journal of paediatric dentistry最新文献

Aim: This study assessed the effectiveness of technological aids (video modelling) versus verbal and demonstrative motivation for improving oral hygiene in paediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Materials: Consecutive patients with ASD were enrolled. Data on brushing frequency, snack intake frequency, plaque index, gum index, and Frankl scale were collected at baseline. After a tooth scaling session, patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 (G1) received live brushing instructions, while Group 2 (G2) received an oral hygiene motivation video via email, created using the video modelling strategy. A follow-up evaluation was conducted after three months, with all parameters measured again for comparison.

Conclusion: Video modelling is an effective tool for motivating oral hygiene in patients with ASD, demonstrated by significant improvements in most measured parameters for the video modelling group.

Aim: Prosthetic rehabilitation of deciduous teeth in paediatric age using pre-formed crowns has been considered one of the best methods of dental restoration since their introduction. Their main advantages are related to durability, longevity and a low rate of recurrent cavities. Since stainless steel crowns do not coincide with aesthetic needs of parents and patients, preformed paedodontic crowns made of zirconia and nano-hybrid composite was introduced. The aim of the study is to evaluate the degree of wear on the enamel and on themselves of the different paedodontic crowns.

Materials: Nine bovine teeth and nine paedodontic crowns for deciduous molars were selected for the study, three of which in zirconia, three in nano-hybrid composite and three in stainless steel. Wear test was carried out on the Rtech™ Instruments tribometer applying a force of 50 N. After that, both the bovine teeth and the paedodontic crowns were observed using a stereo microscope (Zeiss Stemi C-500) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM, Cambridge Stereoscan 440). The areas of wear were calculated with a software [ImageJ, version 1x, Wayne Rasband, Maryland, USA].

Conclusion: Pre-formed paediatric crowns in zirconia, nano-hybrid composite and stainless steel are a valid aid for the restoration of deciduous teeth and do not compromise the physiological wear characteristic of the phases of the dental exchange. The stainless steel crown is preferable for the restorations in the posterior sectors as its behaviour is the most similar to that of a natural tooth. Zirconia and nano-hybrid composite crowns showed an inversely proportional behaviour between their wear volume and that of the opposing tooth.

Aim: To evaluate palatal surface effects induced by LE and RPE, alongside spontaneous changes in an untreated group, and to compare differences in canine and molar inclination among the three groups.

Materials: This randomised clinical trial aimed to compare digital models pre- and post-treatment over 12 months in patients receiving tooth-borne Leaf Expander® (LE) and tooth-borne Hyrax-type maxillary expander (RPE) treatments, alongside untreated patients. Analysis included 24 LE patients (13 males, 11 females, mean age 8.5±1.5), 22 RPE patients (10 males, 12 females, mean age 7.9±1.6), and 17 untreated subjects (7 males, 10 females, mean age 8.1±1.2). Inclusion criteria comprised indications for maxillary expansion treatment, mixed dentition, CVMS ≤ 3, erupted first molars, and good oral hygiene. Digital models were obtained using an intraoral scanner pre- and post-treatment. Palatal surface, segmented into anterior, median, and posterior zones, and canine/molar inclination were measured at T0-T1 using VAM software as the primary and secondary endpoint. Statistical analyses involved paired-sample T-tests for intra-group comparisons and ANOVA tests with Bonferroni correction for inter-group comparisons.

Conclusion: No significant difference in palatal surface increment was found between the two experimental groups (LE and RPE); both demonstrated a significant increase in palatal surface. The greatest increment occurred in the median palate zone for both experimental groups. The increment in the untreated control group was not significant. Furthermore, the RPE group showed a greater inclination of permanent molars compared to those treated with LE, indicating that expansion with lighter and continuous forces may lead to fewer dental side effects.

The main objective of Paediatric Dentistry, and even before that of Maternal and Child Dentistry, is not only to cure, but to promote and safeguard the general health and well-being of the child in its complexity and in harmony with his or her present and future daily life needs. This implies that, in order to deal effectively with conditions, the expertise of a single specialist is often not sufficient. A comprehensive and integrated view of child health is best achieved through collaboration between several professionals. Each brings their own expertise, yet they are all bound by a shared goal: the well-being of the young patient. It is crucial for us dentists also to consider whether the oral problem is secondary to conditions of a different nature, acting at the root of the problem where possible, or at least with the aim of early interception for certain conditions that are currently not preventable, such as dental hard tissue dysplasia, such as MIH (Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation) or upper jaw contraction that is affected by both genetically determined and epigenetic or environmental factors, or in the case of patients with special needs Adopting a multidisciplinary approach is as essential as it is successful in guaranteeing comprehensive and customised care for young patients and their families. Only by integrating different skills, points of view and perspectives can we truly take care of the global wellbeing of our young patients, for the health of the next generations. One would certainly think that possibly such extensive attention at a very young age might seem excessive and wasteful! Perhaps it is worth reading the Minsk Declaration (WHO, 2015) in which it is emphasised that 'a child who is cared for, nurtured, stimulated and protected at an early stage of life becomes an adult with better life chances, better cognitive and physical development, higher educational achievement and greater productivity'. Therefore, the protection of maternal and child health becomes a priority objective of health policy, and the political choices of governments must develop strategic actions for its promotion. Within the priority actions to be undertaken in national frameworks are included the promotion of high-quality preconception information and services as well as pregnancy support, the promotion, support and protection of breastfeeding, the support of families in the development of parenting skills, and the promotion of universal health coverage for maternity care, thereby achieving enormous socio-economic benefits from the health investments made in the first 1000 days of life. And so the interdisciplinary team for paediatric dentistry no longer appears unjustified but is, on the contrary, essential to achieve these goals!

Aim: Over the years, the role of the lingual frenulum in the development of skeletal structures has been evaluated. However, the effect of short lingual frenulum treatment on bone structures is unclear. We need to investigate the effect of surgery and myofunctional therapy on maxillary development. This could be the rationale to establish an orthodontic interception protocol.

Methods: The case-control study was carried out in the Operative Unit of Pedodontics of the University Dental Clinic, at the Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences of the University of "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara. The study population consisted in thirty children. The data were collected through anamnesis carried out by qualified health personnel before dental examination. Photos, frenulum length and cast measurements were taken. Student's t-test statistical analysis was used. Significance was ascertained based on the obtained P value of less than 0.01.

Conclusion: The results confirmed the benefit of laser surgical treatment. The change in parameters related to the anterior palate region showed the power of frenectomy and myofunctional therapy in restoring the tongue's ability to stimulate bone development. The protocol adopted in the following study could be used in interceptive orthodontics. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the effects on the upper jaw over the long term that have higher sample numbers.

Aim: The Italian Society of Paediatric Dentistry (SIOI) is committed to encourage all dental practitioners to provide safe and updated prevention and treatment strategies for oral diseases in paediatric patients. SIOI promotes quality communication and information to parents and caregivers for prevention and awareness of oral diseases in the paediatric population. The purpose of this SIOI Policy is to provide dental professionals with comprehensive guidance on paediatric restorative materials, ensuring that treatment decisions are based on the latest and highest-quality scientific evidence.

Methods: This Policy is based on a review of the most recent and highest-quality dental literature i.e. reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, recommendations and Best Practices from professional organisations over the last 10 years. An extensive electronic bibliographic search was conducted using PubMed®/MEDLINE with the following keywords: paediatric restorative dentistry, dental materials, dental restorations, dental caries, dental caries therapy, dental amalgam, composite resins, adhesive systems, glass ionomer cements, compomers, and bioactive materials. The following additional filters were applied: publication date (10 years), text availability (full text), article type (review, systematic review, and meta-analysis), species (humans), age (child: birth-18 years), and article language (English). One hundred forty-three articles met these criteria. Articles were screened by reading titles and abstracts.

Background: The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in a Spanish population, was to determine whether dental development is delayed in paediatric patients with agenesis. The comparative analysis of the average difference between chronological and dental age was carried out to assess the validity of maturation tables for the Spanish population. The study examined the potential influence of the following variables: sex, number of agenesis, location of the agenesis.  CONCLUSION: Dental development in the studied sample representing Spanish population, is notably more delayed in children with agenesis, particularly among girls, despite earlier development. Dental development occurred earlier than expected. Dental development was studied using Demirjian's method with conversion tables for the Spanish population. Imprecise data was obtained in patients with agenesis as chronological age did not correspond to dental age. However chronological and dental age difference was minimal in patients without agenesis, determining the validity of the maturation tables for the Spanish population in this group of patients. Ultimately, the study concluded that later dental development of children with agenesis is influenced by gender, number of agenesis and location (posterior, lower).

Aim: Self-inflicted oral-dental mutilations (SIODMs) are the result of an intentional or unintentional action that leads to anatomical and functional damage to the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. In paediatric patients they can be associated with both organic and functional diseases. A systematic review was conducted aiming to consolidate and integrate the existing knowledge on SIODM in paediatric patients.

Methods: Literature search, study design and data analysis were performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The research question was structured using the PICO framework (PROSPERO n° CRD42023433727).

Conclusion: This is the first systematic review aimed to synthesize the findings of studies on SIODM in paediatric patients. The extensive heterogeneity of underlying diseases, anatomical sites and nature of mutilation, as well as of the proposed treatments, make SIODM in paediatric population a challenging clinical field, in which only a multidisciplinary approach can provide adequate know-how in terms of prevention and therapeutic interventions.

Aim: Early childhood caries (ECC) represent a relevant public health issue in paediatric population globally. The current study aimed to investigate the main risk factors of this condition.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out at the Child Dentistry Clinics of the Istituto Stomatologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, including patients aged 12-71 months and their parents. Demographical data, anthropometric measurements, oral hygiene and health assessment, and children's eating habits were collected.

Conclusion: Our findings, according to recommendations, suggest that the prevention of ECC needs to begin in infancy. Oral health providers, physicians, nurses, and other health care personnel play an important role in educating parents about their child's oral and dental care and food choices.