Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102343
Zainab Alimoradi , Farideh Kazemi , Azita Tiznobeik , Mark D. Griffiths , Seyyedeh Zahra Masoumi , Soodabeh Aghababaei
Introduction
The results of previous studies regarding the effect of vitamin D on the incidence of preeclampsia are inconsistent. Therefore, the primary objective of the present review was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of preeclampsia.
Methods
Five major scientific databases were searched from inception to June 10, 2023. Studies with randomized controlled trial designs were identified. To assess the methodological quality of the selected studies, the Cochrane Tool Checklist (CTC) was used. The random effect model was chosen as a combination model. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using the standard χ2 test, and the intensity of heterogeneity was calculated using I2. Effect size indicators including risk ratio (RR), risk difference (RD), and number needed to treat (NNT) were calculated with estimated 95 % confidence intervals.
Results
Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled RR of preeclampsia in the intervention group compared to the control group was 0.61 (95 % CI, 0.47 to 0.78; I2=14.4 %; χ2=23.37; p = 0.27; tau2=0.05), and indicated a 39 % reduction in the risk of preeclampsia. The pooled RD of preeclampsia in the intervention group compared to the control group was -0.03 (95 % CI: -0.05 to -0.01; I2=45.5 %; χ2=36.68; p = 0.01; tau2=0.0008) and the difference in the risk of preeclampsia among women who received vitamin D supplements was 3 % less than the control group. The NNT was 29 (95 % CI: 20 to 52).
Conclusion
Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces preeclampsia during pregnancy.
以往关于维生素 D 对子痫前期发病率影响的研究结果并不一致。因此，本综述的主要目的是确定孕期补充维生素 D 对子痫前期风险的影响。我们检索了从开始到 2023 年 6 月 10 日的五个主要科学数据库。检索了采用随机对照试验设计的研究。为了评估所选研究的方法学质量，使用了科克伦工具检查表（CTC）。选择随机效应模型作为组合模型。统计异质性采用标准 χ 检验进行评估，异质性强度采用 。计算效应大小指标，包括风险比（RR）、风险差异（RD）和治疗所需人数（NNT），并估计 95% 的置信区间。系统综述和荟萃分析共纳入了 19 项研究。与对照组相比，干预组先兆子痫的总RR为0.61 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.78; =14.4%; χ=23.37; =0.27; tau=0.05)，表明先兆子痫的风险降低了39%。与对照组相比，干预组先兆子痫的汇总RD为-0.03 (95% CI: -0.05 to -0.01; =45.5%; χ=36.68; =0.01; tau=0.0008)，接受维生素D补充剂的妇女的先兆子痫风险差异比对照组低3%。NNT为29（95% CI：20至52）。补充维生素D可明显减少孕期子痫前期的发生。
{"title":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on the incidence of preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zainab Alimoradi , Farideh Kazemi , Azita Tiznobeik , Mark D. Griffiths , Seyyedeh Zahra Masoumi , Soodabeh Aghababaei","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The results of previous studies regarding the effect of vitamin D on the incidence of preeclampsia are inconsistent. Therefore, the primary objective of the present review was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of preeclampsia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Five major scientific databases were searched from inception to June 10, 2023. Studies with randomized controlled trial designs were identified. To assess the methodological quality of the selected studies, the Cochrane Tool Checklist (CTC) was used. The random effect model was chosen as a combination model. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using the standard χ<sup>2</sup> test, and the intensity of heterogeneity was calculated using <em>I</em><sup>2</sup>. Effect size indicators including risk ratio (RR), risk difference (RD), and number needed to treat (NNT) were calculated with estimated 95 % confidence intervals.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled RR of preeclampsia in the intervention group compared to the control group was 0.61 (95 % CI, 0.47 to 0.78; <em>I<sup>2</sup></em>=14.4 %; χ<sup>2</sup>=23.37; <em>p</em> = 0.27; tau<sup>2</sup>=0.05), and indicated a 39 % reduction in the risk of preeclampsia. The pooled RD of preeclampsia in the intervention group compared to the control group was -0.03 (95 % CI: -0.05 to -0.01; <em>I<sup>2</sup></em>=45.5 %; χ<sup>2</sup>=36.68; <em>p</em> = 0.01; tau<sup>2</sup>=0.0008) and the difference in the risk of preeclampsia among women who received vitamin D supplements was 3 % less than the control group. The NNT was 29 (95 % CI: 20 to 52).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces preeclampsia during pregnancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139920601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102324
Chao-Chan Wu , Chiung-Chen Ho , Kai-Chun Yang
Introduction
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) services, formulating management strategies and policies to improve service quality is essential for maintaining competitive advantages. The purpose of this study is to select key indicators of acupuncture service quality to assist in the development of relevant strategies in order to guide service management in TCM clinics.
Methods
This study uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to identify key indicators of acupuncture service quality. A hierarchical architecture comprising four main criteria and twelve sub-criteria was established based on a solid theoretical foundation. Next, the judgements of experts in pairwise comparisons were used to calculate the weight of each criterion and determine the critical criteria for acupuncture service quality. Furthermore, fuzzy AHP was utilized to validate the effectiveness of AHP.
Results
Of all the main criteria, “outcome quality” was the most important, followed by “interaction quality”. Among the twelve sub-criteria, “patient satisfaction” was deemed as the most important, with “expertise” and “waiting time” ranking second and third, respectively. “Interactional justice” and “process quality” were ranked fourth and fifth, respectively.
Conclusions
The key findings indicate outcome quality, interaction quality, and the five sub-criteria are key indicators of acupuncture service quality. Therefore, time-saving strategies for operating procedures and human resource policies should be developed to improve acupuncture services.
{"title":"Selecting indicators of acupuncture service quality using analytic hierarchy process","authors":"Chao-Chan Wu , Chiung-Chen Ho , Kai-Chun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) services, formulating management strategies and policies to improve service quality is essential for maintaining competitive advantages. The purpose of this study is to select key indicators of acupuncture service quality to assist in the development of relevant strategies in order to guide service management in TCM clinics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to identify key indicators of acupuncture service quality. A hierarchical architecture comprising four main criteria and twelve sub-criteria was established based on a solid theoretical foundation. Next, the judgements of experts in pairwise comparisons were used to calculate the weight of each criterion and determine the critical criteria for acupuncture service quality. Furthermore, fuzzy AHP was utilized to validate the effectiveness of AHP.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of all the main criteria, “outcome quality” was the most important, followed by “interaction quality”. Among the twelve sub-criteria, “patient satisfaction” was deemed as the most important, with “expertise” and “waiting time” ranking second and third, respectively. “Interactional justice” and “process quality” were ranked fourth and fifth, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The key findings indicate outcome quality, interaction quality, and the five sub-criteria are key indicators of acupuncture service quality. Therefore, time-saving strategies for operating procedures and human resource policies should be developed to improve acupuncture services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138683914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102344
Beena Levakumar Abhirami , Anithakumari Aswathy Krishna , Abdul Rahim Muhammed Jasim , Alaganandam Kumaran
Introduction
Acacia leucophloea (AL) has been used traditionally to treat diabetes, cancer, inflammation, ophthalmia, haemorrhoids and leukoderma, however the scientific evidence validating its antidiabetic activity is limited. Employing a multi-targeted therapeutic strategy could be advantageous for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus which is strongly correlated with oxidative stress-induced pathways. The present study was intended to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of AL via in vitro assays, validating its traditional medicinal significance.
Methods
Anti-diabetic potential of the AL extract, its fractions and isolated compounds was assessed through the determination of α-glucosidase, DPP-IV inhibition, anti-glycation activity, and glucose uptake using 2-NBDG in differentiated L6 myoblast, along with cytotoxicity studies. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was measured and the antioxidant potential was evaluated using in vitro assays i.e., DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. In addition, quantitative determination of isolated compounds and their purity was analysed using HPLC-DAD.
Results
Fractions with the highest phenolic/flavonoid content (VI to XIII of AL) demonstrated substantial antioxidant and antidiabetic potential across selected therapeutic targets and these active fractions yielded six compounds upon fractionation using column chromatographic techniques. Structures of these compounds were examined using spectroscopic techniques and were identified as isoquercitrin, quercitrin, luteolin, epigallocatechin-3-O-(3″-O-methyl)-gallate, apigenin-7-O-glucoside and ethyl gallate. Isolated compounds showed significant DPP-IV inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner with the highest activity with minimum IC50 being possessed by isoquercitrin (IC50 4.28 ± 0.32 µM). At a concentration of 200 µM, apigenin-7-O-glucoside displayed a considerable glycation inhibitory effect (81.57 ± 2.66 %), surpassing the effect of other compounds. Moreover, at a concentration of 50 μM, the compounds apigenin-7-O-glucoside and isoquercitrin have increased the glucose uptake in L6 myotubes by 11.5 % and 11 % respectively, compared to a 6.1 % increase by the standard drug metformin. Notably, this study reveals for the first time the potential of both apigenin-7-O-glucoside and isoquercitrin to enhance glucose uptake in L6 myotubes.
Conclusion
AL and its isolated compounds exhibit promising effects in ameliorating post-prandial hyperglycemia. Their multifaceted therapeutic potential prompts further investigation to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
引言 白花相思豆（AL）在传统上被用于治疗糖尿病、癌症、炎症、眼炎、痔疮和白皮病，但证实其抗糖尿病活性的科学证据却很有限。2型糖尿病与氧化应激诱导的途径密切相关，采用多靶点治疗策略可能有利于2型糖尿病的治疗。本研究旨在通过体外检测评估 AL 的抗糖尿病和抗氧化潜力，验证其传统药用价值。方法通过测定 AL 提取物、其馏分和分离化合物的α-葡萄糖苷酶、DPP-IV 抑制作用、抗糖化活性、2-NBDG 在分化的 L6 肌母细胞中的葡萄糖吸收以及细胞毒性研究，评估 AL 提取物、其馏分和分离化合物的抗糖尿病潜力。对总酚和类黄酮含量进行了测定，并使用 DPPH、ABTS 和 FRAP 等体外检测方法对抗氧化潜力进行了评估。结果酚类/类黄酮含量最高的馏分（AL 的 VI 至 XIII 部分）在选定的治疗目标方面表现出了巨大的抗氧化和抗糖尿病潜力，这些活性馏分在使用柱层析技术进行分馏后产生了六种化合物。利用光谱技术对这些化合物的结构进行了检测，并确定其为异槲皮素、槲皮素、木犀草素、表儿茶素-3-O-（3″-O-甲基）-没食子酸酯、芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷和没食子酸乙酯。分离出的化合物具有明显的 DPP-IV 抑制活性，其活性与浓度有关，其中异槲皮素的活性最高，IC50 最小（IC50 4.28 ± 0.32 µM）。在 200 µM 的浓度下，芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷显示出相当大的糖化抑制效果（81.57 ± 2.66 %），超过了其他化合物的效果。此外，在浓度为 50 μM 时，芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷和异槲皮素化合物能使 L6 肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取量分别增加 11.5 % 和 11 %，而标准药物二甲双胍只能增加 6.1 %。值得注意的是，这项研究首次揭示了芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷和异槲皮素增强 L6 肌细胞葡萄糖摄取的潜力。其多方面的治疗潜力促使人们进一步研究其潜在的分子机制。
{"title":"Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.). Willd.: Multi-targeted therapeutic efficacy against type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Beena Levakumar Abhirami , Anithakumari Aswathy Krishna , Abdul Rahim Muhammed Jasim , Alaganandam Kumaran","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><em>Acacia leucophloea</em> (AL) has been used traditionally to treat diabetes, cancer, inflammation, ophthalmia, haemorrhoids and leukoderma, however the scientific evidence validating its antidiabetic activity is limited. Employing a multi-targeted therapeutic strategy could be advantageous for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus which is strongly correlated with oxidative stress-induced pathways<em>.</em> The present study was intended to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of AL via <em>in vitro</em> assays, validating its traditional medicinal significance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Anti-diabetic potential of the AL extract, its fractions and isolated compounds was assessed through the determination of α-glucosidase, DPP-IV inhibition, anti-glycation activity, and glucose uptake using 2-NBDG in differentiated L6 myoblast, along with cytotoxicity studies. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was measured and the antioxidant potential was evaluated using <em>in vitro</em> assays <em>i.e.</em>, DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. In addition, quantitative determination of isolated compounds and their purity was analysed using HPLC-DAD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fractions with the highest phenolic/flavonoid content (VI to XIII of AL) demonstrated substantial antioxidant and antidiabetic potential across selected therapeutic targets and these active fractions yielded six compounds upon fractionation using column chromatographic techniques. Structures of these compounds were examined using spectroscopic techniques and were identified as isoquercitrin, quercitrin, luteolin, epigallocatechin-3-O-(3<em>″</em>-O-methyl)-gallate, apigenin-7-O-glucoside and ethyl gallate. Isolated compounds showed significant DPP-IV inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner with the highest activity with minimum IC<sub>50</sub> being possessed by isoquercitrin (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.28 ± 0.32 <em>µ</em>M). At a concentration of 200 <em>µ</em>M, apigenin-7-O-glucoside displayed a considerable glycation inhibitory effect (81.57 ± 2.66 %), surpassing the effect of other compounds. Moreover, at a concentration of 50 μM, the compounds apigenin-7-O-glucoside and isoquercitrin have increased the glucose uptake in L6 myotubes by 11.5 % and 11 % respectively, compared to a 6.1 % increase by the standard drug metformin. Notably, this study reveals for the first time the potential of both apigenin-7-O-glucoside and isoquercitrin to enhance glucose uptake in L6 myotubes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>AL and its isolated compounds exhibit promising effects in ameliorating post-prandial hyperglycemia. Their multifaceted therapeutic potential prompts further investigation to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139985916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102319
Xingying Qiu , Jun Tan , Wencong Cao , Zehuai Wen , Geng Li
Introduction
Chinese medicine (CM)/integrative medicine have been widely used to treat dampness syndrome, regarded as the main pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. Many clinical trials of CM/integrative medicine for dampness syndrome have been conducted. However, most of their conclusions should be viewed with caution because of their methodological quality defects. One of the defects is the inconsistency of outcomes, which results in obstacles to comparing and combining the results of related studies. This issue could be addressed by developing a core outcome set (COS).
Method
This study aims to develop a COS for clinical research of CM dampness syndrome (COS-CMDS). We will set up a study advisory group to organize and guide the development of the COS. The study consists of four stages: (1) a systematic review of CM dampness syndrome; (2) qualitative interviews with experts and patients to construct a preliminary outcome pool based on the systematic review; (3) a two-round Delphi survey; and (4) a consensus meeting to determine the final COS-CMDS. This study has been approved by the institute review board and has been registered at the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative (COMET) database (https://www.comet-initiative.org/Studies/Details/1950).
Discussion
The development of COS-CMDS will provide a reference for outcome selection in clinical research on CM dampness syndrome, and contribute to the combination and comparison of results reported during systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It may help generate more high-quality evidence.
Conclusion
COS-CMDS will standardize the selection and reporting of outcomes in clinical research of CM dampness syndrome. It will be published in appropriate ways to promote further widespread use after completion.
{"title":"Outcomes for clinical research on Chinese medicine dampness syndrome: A protocol of developing a core outcome set","authors":"Xingying Qiu , Jun Tan , Wencong Cao , Zehuai Wen , Geng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chinese medicine (CM)/integrative medicine have been widely used to treat dampness syndrome, regarded as the main pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. Many clinical trials of CM/integrative medicine for dampness syndrome have been conducted. However, most of their conclusions should be viewed with caution because of their methodological quality defects. One of the defects is the inconsistency of outcomes, which results in obstacles to comparing and combining the results of related studies. This issue could be addressed by developing a core outcome set (COS).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This study aims to develop a COS for clinical research of CM dampness syndrome (COS-CMDS). We will set up a study advisory group to organize and guide the development of the COS. The study consists of four stages: (1) a systematic review of CM dampness syndrome; (2) qualitative interviews with experts and patients to construct a preliminary outcome pool based on the systematic review; (3) a two-round Delphi survey; and (4) a consensus meeting to determine the final COS-CMDS. This study has been approved by the institute review board and has been registered at the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative (COMET) database (<span>https://www.comet-initiative.org/Studies/Details/1950</span><svg><path></path></svg>).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The development of COS-CMDS will provide a reference for outcome selection in clinical research on CM dampness syndrome, and contribute to the combination and comparison of results reported during systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It may help generate more high-quality evidence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>COS-CMDS will standardize the selection and reporting of outcomes in clinical research of CM dampness syndrome. It will be published in appropriate ways to promote further widespread use after completion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876382023000951/pdfft?md5=ed3d337fa42c2ab933e2f26bca2034ef&pid=1-s2.0-S1876382023000951-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138508598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102341
Soobin Jang, Mi Mi Ko, Bo Young Kim, Mi Ju Son, K. Jegal, Jeonghwan Park, Sungha Kim
{"title":"Development of an adverse event reporting template for Ephedrae Herba for weight loss","authors":"Soobin Jang, Mi Mi Ko, Bo Young Kim, Mi Ju Son, K. Jegal, Jeonghwan Park, Sungha Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139881821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102337
Esma Yeniçeri , Ahmet Altay , Ekrem Koksal , Sevgi Altın , Parham Taslimi , Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz , Oğuz Cakir , Abbas Tarhan , Ali Kandemir
Introduction
Studies on different species of Onobrychis, a member of the Fabaceae family, have revealed a number of biological activities with potential applications in alternative medicine. The phytochemical content of the plant Onobrychis argyrea subsp. argyrea and some of the important biological activities linked to its metabolism are quite limited. Therefore, this study was the first to determine the content of secondary metabolites in this species and to elucidate important biological activities related to metabolism.
Methods
LC-MS/MS was used for the quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds in the aerial part of O. argyrea extracts. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were assessed based on their ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and reduce iron ions. The anti-diabetic effect of the extracts was tested by the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glycosidase enzymes, and the anti-Alzheimer's ability was tested by the inhibition of the enzymes AChE and BChE. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts were tested on four different cancer lines, namely A-549, HT-29, MCF-7 and MDA-MB 453 using the XTT assay. The mechanism of the anti-cancer effect was determined by means of flow cytometry analysis on HT-29 cells.
Results
Twenty-nine phytochemicals were identified via the LC-MS/MS analysis in the plant extracts. The most abundant phytochemicals in the extracts were quinic acid, isoquercitrin, epicatechin, and routine, respectively. Antioxidant analysis showed that among all extracts, methanol extract (ME) was most effective in scavenging DPPH (IC50: 23.93 ± 0.96 µg/mL) and in reducing iron ions (53.24 ± 2.14 mgTEAC/g). Enzyme activity studies demonstrated that ME is a potent inhibitor of α-glycosidase (IC50: 15.06±0.64 µg/mL), AChE (IC50: 24.75±0.76 µg/mL), and BChE (IC50: 3.36±0.14 µg/mL). XTT assay results disclosed the strongest anti-proliferative activity of ME against the human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cell line with an IC50 value of 33.35±0.92 µg/mL. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that ME caused mitochondrial membrane damage in HT-29 cells (**p<0.01) and subsequently induced apoptosis (**p<0.01) by activating the caspase pathway (**p<0.001).
Conclusion
O. argyrea, rich in bioactive compounds, showed remarkable antioxidant, antidiabetic, Alzheimer's, and anticancer properties in vitro, demonstrating that this plant contains secondary metabolites that may be potential drug candidates for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
{"title":"Phytochemical profile by LC-MS/MS analysis and evaluation of antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer, and anticancer activity of Onobrychis argyrea leaf extracts","authors":"Esma Yeniçeri , Ahmet Altay , Ekrem Koksal , Sevgi Altın , Parham Taslimi , Mustafa Abdullah Yılmaz , Oğuz Cakir , Abbas Tarhan , Ali Kandemir","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Studies on different species of <em>Onobrychis</em>, a member of the Fabaceae family, have revealed a number of biological activities with potential applications in alternative medicine. The phytochemical content of the plant <em>Onobrychis argyrea</em> subsp. <em>argyrea</em> and some of the important biological activities linked to its metabolism are quite limited. Therefore, this study was the first to determine the content of secondary metabolites in this species and to elucidate important biological activities related to metabolism.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>LC-MS/MS was used for the quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds in the aerial part of <em>O. argyrea</em> extracts. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were assessed based on their ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and reduce iron ions. The anti-diabetic effect of the extracts was tested by the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glycosidase enzymes, and the anti-Alzheimer's ability was tested by the inhibition of the enzymes AChE and BChE. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts were tested on four different cancer lines, namely A-549, HT-29, MCF-7 and MDA-MB 453 using the XTT assay. The mechanism of the anti-cancer effect was determined by means of flow cytometry analysis on HT-29 cells.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-nine phytochemicals were identified via the LC-MS/MS analysis in the plant extracts. The most abundant phytochemicals in the extracts were quinic acid, isoquercitrin, epicatechin, and routine, respectively. Antioxidant analysis showed that among all extracts, methanol extract (ME) was most effective in scavenging DPPH (IC<sub>50</sub>: 23.93 ± 0.96 µg/mL) and in reducing iron ions (53.24 ± 2.14 mgTEAC/g). Enzyme activity studies demonstrated that ME is a potent inhibitor of α-glycosidase (IC<sub>50</sub>: 15.06±0.64 µg/mL), AChE (IC<sub>50</sub>: 24.75±0.76 µg/mL), and BChE (IC<sub>50</sub>: 3.36±0.14 µg/mL). XTT assay results disclosed the strongest anti-proliferative activity of ME against the human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cell line with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 33.35±0.92 µg/mL. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that ME caused mitochondrial membrane damage in HT-29 cells (**p<0.01) and subsequently induced apoptosis (**p<0.01) by activating the caspase pathway (**p<0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>O. argyrea</em>, rich in bioactive compounds, showed remarkable antioxidant, antidiabetic, Alzheimer's, and anticancer properties <em>in vitro</em>, demonstrating that this plant contains secondary metabolites that may be potential drug candidates for the treatment of metabolic diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102338
Jia-rui Zhang , Yi Ruan , Xin Wang , Yan-li You , Zi-fei Yin , Wei Gu
Introduction
Poor sleep quality may have a negative effect on health. Clinical studies have assessed the ability of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) to improve sleep quality. This review aims to explore the efficacy and safety of TEAS to improve sleep quality, as well as the most promising application scenarios for TEAS.
Methods
Eight databases were searched from their inception to 25 March 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the effects of TEAS on sleep quality compared to sham stimulation or pharmacotherapy. In the meta-analysis, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) global score was the main outcome. The methodological quality of each included article was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots.
Results
A total of 16 studies involving 1555 participants met the inclusion criteria. Twelve RCTs had low or moderate risk of bias and four RCTs had high risk of bias. Overall, the findings indicated that TEAS was effective in improving sleep quality (mean difference (MD) -2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) [-3.29, -1.15]; p<0.0001) with high heterogeneity (I2=92%; p<0.00001). Among different causes of insomnia, TEAS was found to be effective in patients with postoperative insomnia (MD -0.95; 95% CI [-1.62, -0.27]; p=0.006; I2=66%). Subgroup analyses showed that TEAS was more effective in middle-aged patients (MD -1.60; 95% CI [-2.14, -1.06]; p<0.00001; I2=0%), and Neiguan (PC6) and Hegu (LI4) were effective acupoints during the perioperative period (MD -1.45; 95% CI [-1.95, -0.95]; p<0.00001; I2=6%). Four studies reported adverse effects, none of which were serious.
Conclusions
TEAS could effectively improve postoperative insomnia. For postoperative insomnia, the effect of TEAS was more significant in middle-aged patients, and simultaneous stimulation of PC6 and LI4 was effective. However, due to the small number of included studies and variation in patient types, additional high-quality, large-scale, multicenter RCTs of the effect of TEAS on sleep quality are needed.
Registration
CRD42023440453.
Funding
Military Special Program to Cultivate and Improve TCM Service Capability [2021ZY002]; Shanghai “Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan” Yangfan Project [23YF1459200].
导言：睡眠质量差可能会对健康产生负面影响。临床研究评估了经皮穴位电刺激（TEAS）改善睡眠质量的能力。本综述旨在探讨经皮穴位电刺激对改善睡眠质量的有效性和安全性，以及经皮穴位电刺激最有前景的应用场景。方法检索了从开始到2023年3月25日的8个数据库，以确定与假刺激或药物治疗相比，经皮穴位电刺激对睡眠质量影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。在荟萃分析中，匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）总分是主要结果。采用科克伦偏倚风险工具评估了每篇纳入文章的方法学质量。结果 共有 16 项研究符合纳入标准，涉及 1555 名参与者。其中 12 项研究存在低度或中度偏倚风险，4 项研究存在高度偏倚风险。总体而言，研究结果表明，TEAS能有效改善睡眠质量（平均差（MD）-2.22；95%置信区间（CI）[-3.29，-1.15]；p<0.0001），异质性较高（I2=92%；p<0.00001）。在不同的失眠原因中，TEAS对术后失眠患者有效（MD -0.95；95% CI [-1.62，-0.27]；P=0.006；I2=66%）。亚组分析显示，TEAS对中年患者更有效（MD-1.60；95% CI [-2.14，-1.06]；p<0.00001；I2=0%），内关（PC6）和合谷（LI4）是围手术期的有效穴位（MD-1.45；95% CI [-1.95，-0.95]；p<0.00001；I2=6%）。四项研究报告了不良反应，均不严重。对于术后失眠，TEAS对中年患者的效果更为显著，同时刺激PC6和LI4有效。然而，由于纳入的研究数量较少，且患者类型存在差异，因此需要就TEAS对睡眠质量的影响进行更多高质量、大规模、多中心的RCT研究。
{"title":"Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on sleep quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jia-rui Zhang , Yi Ruan , Xin Wang , Yan-li You , Zi-fei Yin , Wei Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Poor sleep quality may have a negative effect on health. Clinical studies have assessed the ability of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) to improve sleep quality. This review aims to explore the efficacy and safety of TEAS to improve sleep quality, as well as the most promising application scenarios for TEAS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eight databases were searched from their inception to 25 March 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the effects of TEAS on sleep quality compared to sham stimulation or pharmacotherapy. In the meta-analysis, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) global score was the main outcome. The methodological quality of each included article was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 16 studies involving 1555 participants met the inclusion criteria. Twelve RCTs had low or moderate risk of bias and four RCTs had high risk of bias. Overall, the findings indicated that TEAS was effective in improving sleep quality (mean difference (MD) -2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) [-3.29, -1.15]; <em>p</em><0.0001) with high heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup>=92%; <em>p</em><0.00001). Among different causes of insomnia, TEAS was found to be effective in patients with postoperative insomnia (MD -0.95; 95% CI [-1.62, -0.27]; <em>p</em>=0.006; I<sup>2</sup>=66%). Subgroup analyses showed that TEAS was more effective in middle-aged patients (MD -1.60; 95% CI [-2.14, -1.06]; <em>p</em><0.00001; I<sup>2</sup>=0%), and Neiguan (PC6) and Hegu (LI4) were effective acupoints during the perioperative period (MD -1.45; 95% CI [-1.95, -0.95]; <em>p</em><0.00001; I<sup>2</sup>=6%). Four studies reported adverse effects, none of which were serious.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>TEAS could effectively improve postoperative insomnia. For postoperative insomnia, the effect of TEAS was more significant in middle-aged patients, and simultaneous stimulation of PC6 and LI4 was effective. However, due to the small number of included studies and variation in patient types, additional high-quality, large-scale, multicenter RCTs of the effect of TEAS on sleep quality are needed.</p></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><p>CRD42023440453.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Military Special Program to Cultivate and Improve TCM Service Capability [2021ZY002]; Shanghai “Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan” Yangfan Project [23YF1459200].</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187638202400009X/pdfft?md5=dfd4fae184f4c0cc4a969ce1eccfc7ec&pid=1-s2.0-S187638202400009X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139658395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102342
Kubra Gunes , Elif Gezginci , Mustafa Tok
Introduction
Reflexology is a non-pharmacological method that helps normalization of bodily functions by applying pressure to the reflex points on the hands, feet and ears, which correspond to all the organs and glands in the body. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of reflexology on pain, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
Methods
This open-label, randomized parallel-group controlled trial was conducted between September 2020 to May 2021 in a university hospital in Turkey. Seventy eligible patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery were randomized into reflexology group (n = 35) or control group (n = 35). While foot reflexology was applied to the reflexology group for 40 min in the first three days after surgery, no intervention was applied to control group. The primary outcome was pain severity, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, in the first three postoperative days. The other outcomes were anxiety level assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, fatigue level assessed using the Visual Analog Scale in the first three postoperative days, and sleep quality assessed using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire in the first four postoperative days.
Results
After applying reflexology on the first, second, and third postoperative days, pain scores (d=-2.736, 95% Cl=-3.388 to -2.084) (d=-7.954, 95% Cl=-9.352 to -6.555) (d=-7.528, 95% Cl=-8.860 to -6.196), anxiety scores (d=-3.462, 95% Cl=-4.202 to -1.721) (d=-6.077, 95% Cl=-7.187 to -4.967) (d=-6.537, 95% Cl=-7.717 to -5.357), and fatigue scores (d=-2.490, 95% Cl=-3.115 to -1.866) (d=-6.245, 95% Cl=-7.380 to -5.109) (d=-8.223, 95% Cl=-9.675 to -6.791, respectively) were statistically significantly lower in reflexology group compared to control group. On the second, third, and fourth postoperative days, sleep scores in reflexology group were statistically significantly higher than control group (d = 3.230, 95% Cl=2.519 to 3.941) (d = 4.280, 95% Cl=3.431 to 5.130) (d = 6.106, 95% Cl=4.992 to 7.221, respectively). During the study period, no adverse events were noted in either groups.
Conclusion
This study showed that applying foot reflexology to patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery reduced pain, anxiety, and fatigue and improved sleep quality. Further studies on reflexology practice are recommended to be conducted with larger sample sizes and different groups.
{"title":"The effect of reflexology on pain, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Kubra Gunes , Elif Gezginci , Mustafa Tok","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Reflexology is a non-pharmacological method that helps normalization of bodily functions by applying pressure to the reflex points on the hands, feet and ears, which correspond to all the organs and glands in the body. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of reflexology on pain, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This open-label, randomized parallel-group controlled trial was conducted between September 2020 to May 2021 in a university hospital in Turkey. Seventy eligible patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery were randomized into reflexology group (<em>n</em> = 35) or control group (<em>n</em> = 35). While foot reflexology was applied to the reflexology group for 40 min in the first three days after surgery, no intervention was applied to control group. The primary outcome was pain severity, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, in the first three postoperative days. The other outcomes were anxiety level assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, fatigue level assessed using the Visual Analog Scale in the first three postoperative days, and sleep quality assessed using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire in the first four postoperative days.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After applying reflexology on the first, second, and third postoperative days, pain scores (<em>d</em>=-2.736, 95% Cl=-3.388 to -2.084) (<em>d</em>=-7.954, 95% Cl=-9.352 to -6.555) (<em>d</em>=-7.528, 95% Cl=-8.860 to -6.196), anxiety scores (<em>d</em>=-3.462, 95% Cl=-4.202 to -1.721) (<em>d</em>=-6.077, 95% Cl=-7.187 to -4.967) (<em>d</em>=-6.537, 95% Cl=-7.717 to -5.357), and fatigue scores (<em>d</em>=-2.490, 95% Cl=-3.115 to -1.866) (<em>d</em>=-6.245, 95% Cl=-7.380 to -5.109) (<em>d</em>=-8.223, 95% Cl=-9.675 to -6.791, respectively) were statistically significantly lower in reflexology group compared to control group. On the second, third, and fourth postoperative days, sleep scores in reflexology group were statistically significantly higher than control group (<em>d</em> = 3.230, 95% Cl=2.519 to 3.941) (<em>d</em> = 4.280, 95% Cl=3.431 to 5.130) (<em>d</em> = 6.106, 95% Cl=4.992 to 7.221, respectively). During the study period, no adverse events were noted in either groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study showed that applying foot reflexology to patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery reduced pain, anxiety, and fatigue and improved sleep quality. Further studies on reflexology practice are recommended to be conducted with larger sample sizes and different groups.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration Clinical</h3><p>Trials.gov NCT04473287.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139936712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102340
Emine Bagdatli, Aliye Gediz Erturk
Introduction
Persicaria amphibia L. (water knotweed), an edible plant with pharmaceutical properties, is found in Asia, Europe, North America, and Africa. Despite its worldwide distribution and prominence, scientific literature on the plant's therapeutic properties is scarce. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the antioxidant activity, DNA binding potential, GC–MS, and fluorescence analysis and photoprotective properties of P. amphibia.
Method
Water and ethanol maceration and Soxhlet extraction samples (Pa1–4) of P. amphibia were prepared. Bioactive properties of the plant were investigated. Qualitative and quantitative chemical markers of the samples were described using UV–Vis., fluorescence, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses, and phytochemical screening. Photoprotective properties of the plant were also revealed using Mansur method.
Results
The phenolic and flavonoid contents varied between 22.06 ± 0.49 and 28.92 ± 0.51 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/1 mg and 24.54 ± 1.19 and 34.09 ± 0.61 μg quercetin equivalent (QE)/1 mg, respectively. The fluorescence emission spectra of the samples indicated that the samples may contain berberine alkaloid, and riboflavin and quercetin flavonoids. The sun protection factor (SPF) values revealed that the plant [Pa1 (750 and 1000 μg/mL = 10.22 ± 0.05; 13.29 ± 0.25), Pa2 (500 μg/mL = 7.58 ± 0.04) and Pa4 (1000 μg/mL: 11.86 ± 0.13)] has more photoprotective activity compared with carrot seed oil (500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL = 5.22 ± 0.07; 7.72 ± 0.09 and 9.69 ± 0.14) (P ˃ 0.001). Moreover, the samples exhibited considerable antioxidant activity. All four extracts could generally inhibit lipid peroxidation (Pa1–4 = 83.14 % ± 0.36; 82.05 % ± 0.82; 80.87 % ± 0.23 and 81.38 % ± 1.26) as effectively as the standards of ascorbic acid (81.89 % ± 0.88) and α-tocopherol (85.45 ± 1.37) for 25 µg/mL (P ˃ 0.05). The binding affinities between the plant samples and Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were also determined. The order of the binding affinity is Pa3 > Pa4 > Pa2 > Pa1.
Conclusion
The P. amphibia plant has a significant amount and variety of phytocomponents. Along with bioactive and sun protection properties, this plant could be a cheap, beneficial, and safe ingredient for cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations.
{"title":"Water knotweed is an important candidate for preclinical trials with its high photoprotection and remarkable bioactive properties","authors":"Emine Bagdatli, Aliye Gediz Erturk","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><em>Persicaria amphibia</em> L<em>.</em> (water knotweed), an edible plant with pharmaceutical properties, is found in Asia, Europe, North America, and Africa. Despite its worldwide distribution and prominence, scientific literature on the plant's therapeutic properties is scarce. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the antioxidant activity, DNA binding potential, GC–MS, and fluorescence analysis and photoprotective properties of <em>P. amphibia</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Water and ethanol maceration and Soxhlet extraction samples (Pa1–4) of <em>P. amphibia</em> were prepared. Bioactive properties of the plant were investigated. Qualitative and quantitative chemical markers of the samples were described using UV–Vis., fluorescence, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses, and phytochemical screening. Photoprotective properties of the plant were also revealed using Mansur method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The phenolic and flavonoid contents varied between 22.06 ± 0.49 and 28.92 ± 0.51 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/1 mg and 24.54 ± 1.19 and 34.09 ± 0.61 μg quercetin equivalent (QE)/1 mg, respectively. The fluorescence emission spectra of the samples indicated that the samples may contain berberine alkaloid, and riboflavin and quercetin flavonoids. The sun protection factor (SPF) values revealed that the plant [Pa1 (750 and 1000 μg/mL = 10.22 ± 0.05; 13.29 ± 0.25), Pa2 (500 μg/mL = 7.58 ± 0.04) and Pa4 (1000 μg/mL: 11.86 ± 0.13)] has more photoprotective activity compared with carrot seed oil (500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL = 5.22 ± 0.07; 7.72 ± 0.09 and 9.69 ± 0.14) (<em>P ˃</em> 0.001). Moreover, the samples exhibited considerable antioxidant activity. All four extracts could generally inhibit lipid peroxidation (Pa1–4 = 83.14 % ± 0.36; 82.05 % ± 0.82; 80.87 % ± 0.23 and 81.38 % ± 1.26) as effectively as the standards of ascorbic acid (81.89 % ± 0.88) and α-tocopherol (85.45 ± 1.37) for 25 µg/mL (<em>P</em> ˃ 0.05). The binding affinities between the plant samples and Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were also determined. The order of the binding affinity is Pa3 > Pa4 > Pa2 > Pa1.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The <em>P. amphibia</em> plant has a significant amount and variety of phytocomponents. Along with bioactive and sun protection properties, this plant could be a cheap, beneficial, and safe ingredient for cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139583170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102339
Jiayin Ruan , Shucheng Chen , Yuen Shan Ho , Vivian Taam Wong , Mei Yuk Lam , Hector Wing Hong Tsang , Ian Hoyin Cheng , Wing Fai Yeung
Introduction
In April 2022, the “Guidance and recommendations on Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation during COVID-19 recovery stage (pilot version)” (the CM Rehabilitation Guidance) was formulated for Hong Kong COVID-19 survivors. However, no consensus regarding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic patterns, symptoms, and herbal formulas in the Guidance has been reached among Hong Kong Chinese medicine practitioners (CMPs). Thus, this study aimed to establish a consensus among them as a guidance for practice.
Methods
A modified Delphi method was conducted from July 28 to September 14, 2022. Each survey gathered feedback by using a five-point Likert scale and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data were used. The consensus was defined as ≥80 % level of agreement with interquartile range (IQR) ≤1.
Results
A total of 13 CMPs with clinical experience in managing COVID-19 survivors participated in the three-round Delphi survey. A final consensus was reached regarding the following: (1) the diagnostic pattern qi deficiency of the lung and spleen (median = 4; IQR = 0; level of agreement = 92.31 %) with six new suggested symptom items; (2) the diagnostic pattern dual deficiency of qi and yin (median = 4; IQR = 0.5; level of agreement = 100 %) with three new suggested symptom items; and (3) the suggested herbal formulas for these two diagnostic patterns after modification.
Conclusions
Through the three-round Delphi survey, we established a modified CM Rehabilitation Guidance for Hong Kong COVID-19 survivors. The modified Guidance based on the views of Hong Kong CMPs with frontline clinical experience in COVID-19 should be more applicable to current COVID-19 survivors.
{"title":"Chinese medicine practitioners’ consensus on traditional Chinese medicine diagnostic patterns, symptoms, and herbal formulas for COVID-19 survivors: A Delphi study","authors":"Jiayin Ruan , Shucheng Chen , Yuen Shan Ho , Vivian Taam Wong , Mei Yuk Lam , Hector Wing Hong Tsang , Ian Hoyin Cheng , Wing Fai Yeung","doi":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In April 2022, the “Guidance and recommendations on Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation during COVID-19 recovery stage (pilot version)” (the CM Rehabilitation Guidance) was formulated for Hong Kong COVID-19 survivors. However, no consensus regarding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic patterns, symptoms, and herbal formulas in the Guidance has been reached among Hong Kong Chinese medicine practitioners (CMPs). Thus, this study aimed to establish a consensus among them as a guidance for practice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A modified Delphi method was conducted from July 28 to September 14, 2022. Each survey gathered feedback by using a five-point Likert scale and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data were used. The consensus was defined as ≥80 % level of agreement with interquartile range (IQR) ≤1.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 13 CMPs with clinical experience in managing COVID-19 survivors participated in the three-round Delphi survey. A final consensus was reached regarding the following: (1) the diagnostic pattern <em>qi deficiency of the lung and spleen</em> (median = 4; IQR = 0; level of agreement = 92.31 %) with six new suggested symptom items; (2) the diagnostic pattern <em>dual deficiency of qi and yin</em> (median = 4; IQR = 0.5; level of agreement = 100 %) with three new suggested symptom items; and (3) the suggested herbal formulas for these two diagnostic patterns after modification.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Through the three-round Delphi survey, we established a modified CM Rehabilitation Guidance for Hong Kong COVID-19 survivors. The modified Guidance based on the views of Hong Kong CMPs with frontline clinical experience in COVID-19 should be more applicable to current COVID-19 survivors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139583287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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