Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671697
Fanchen Kong, Yeming Ge, Xiaoyong Zhu, L. Qiao, L. Quan
Compared with the conventional mechanical gears, magnetic gears have some advantages such as low mechanical loss, maintenance-free operation and inherent overload protection. However, the interaction among the permanent magnets on the each part can inevitably produce cogging torque and torque ripple, which may cause noise and vibration. In this paper, a new design method to reduce the cogging torque is presented for the magnetic planetary gearbox. In order to achieve the goal of minimizing the cogging torque and maximizing the transmission efficiency, a global optimization algorithm and the finite element analysis (FEA) are integrated to obtain the best pole arc combination. In the process of size optimization, two optimization methods, single parameter independent optimization and Quasi Newton optimization, are applied respectively. The investigation results indicate that by using the two kinds of optimization algorithm, the cogging torque and torque ripple can be reduced significantly while the transmission efficiency can be greatly improved.
{"title":"Optimizing Design of Magnetic Planetary Gearbox for Reduction of Cogging Torque","authors":"Fanchen Kong, Yeming Ge, Xiaoyong Zhu, L. Qiao, L. Quan","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671697","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with the conventional mechanical gears, magnetic gears have some advantages such as low mechanical loss, maintenance-free operation and inherent overload protection. However, the interaction among the permanent magnets on the each part can inevitably produce cogging torque and torque ripple, which may cause noise and vibration. In this paper, a new design method to reduce the cogging torque is presented for the magnetic planetary gearbox. In order to achieve the goal of minimizing the cogging torque and maximizing the transmission efficiency, a global optimization algorithm and the finite element analysis (FEA) are integrated to obtain the best pole arc combination. In the process of size optimization, two optimization methods, single parameter independent optimization and Quasi Newton optimization, are applied respectively. The investigation results indicate that by using the two kinds of optimization algorithm, the cogging torque and torque ripple can be reduced significantly while the transmission efficiency can be greatly improved.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124196155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671710
Bedatri Moulik, Mohammad Ali Karbaschian, D. Soffker
In this paper a new approach is developed to optimize the engine and hydraulic element size and their corresponding parameters of a hybrid hydraulic powertrain to given or assumed load/driving cycles. A multi objective optimization algorithm in combination with boundary condition regulation is applied in a loop. In addition, a new mixed optimization algorithm is proposed to overcome the problem of power management optimization by obtaining a better spread of solutions. The main contribution of the paper is the optimal selection of the motor and accumulator size thereby ensuring optimal vehicle dynamic and power consumption properties to different accumulator and engine sizes.
{"title":"Size and Parameter Adjustment of a Hybrid Hydraulic Powertrain Using a Global Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm","authors":"Bedatri Moulik, Mohammad Ali Karbaschian, D. Soffker","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671710","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new approach is developed to optimize the engine and hydraulic element size and their corresponding parameters of a hybrid hydraulic powertrain to given or assumed load/driving cycles. A multi objective optimization algorithm in combination with boundary condition regulation is applied in a loop. In addition, a new mixed optimization algorithm is proposed to overcome the problem of power management optimization by obtaining a better spread of solutions. The main contribution of the paper is the optimal selection of the motor and accumulator size thereby ensuring optimal vehicle dynamic and power consumption properties to different accumulator and engine sizes.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125776141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671654
R. Wan, Guohai Liu, Duo Zhang, Wensheng Gong
This paper proposes an electronic differential system (EDS) for the dual-rear-wheel independently driven electric vehicle (EV), which is driven by five-phase fault-tolerant permanent magnet motors. The master-slave structure for this EDS is chosen and designed. The EDS adapts the speeds of each wheel according to the allocated requirement of the power and torque. Based on the Ackermann-Jeantand turning model, different speeds of two wheels are calculated. In addition, the reliable operated performance of the system is verified by simulations. As a result, the proposed system is proved to be very suitable for EVs.
{"title":"A Fault-Tolerant Electronic Differential System of Electric Vehicles","authors":"R. Wan, Guohai Liu, Duo Zhang, Wensheng Gong","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671654","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an electronic differential system (EDS) for the dual-rear-wheel independently driven electric vehicle (EV), which is driven by five-phase fault-tolerant permanent magnet motors. The master-slave structure for this EDS is chosen and designed. The EDS adapts the speeds of each wheel according to the allocated requirement of the power and torque. Based on the Ackermann-Jeantand turning model, different speeds of two wheels are calculated. In addition, the reliable operated performance of the system is verified by simulations. As a result, the proposed system is proved to be very suitable for EVs.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129762181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671674
Li Yu, Zhuoran Zhang, Yangguang Yan
The doubly salient brushless dc generator (DS-BLDCG) is constituted by a doubly salient electro-magnetic generator (DSEG) and the associated rectifier circuit. Due to its merits of simplicity, high robustness, low cost, and flexible control, the DS-BLDCG is suitable for the automobile auxiliary power unit (APU) application. Since no constraint is imposed to the number of phases of the onboard brushless dc generator, the polyphase DSEG can be applied. In this paper, a 3-phase 12/8-pole DSEG and a 4-phase 16/12-pole DSEG for the APU application are proposed. The taper stator pole and broadened rotor pole structure utilized to increase maximum output power is introduced in the 4-phase DSEG design. Based on the two-dimensional finite-element method (FEM) and field-circuit coupling analysis, a comprehensive comparison is presented. The 16/12-pole DS-BLDCG exhibits better fault tolerant capability, lower voltage ripple, and higher output power, while the copper consumption of the 12/8-pole DS-BLDCG is less than the 16/12-pole one. A prototype 12/8-pole DS-BLDCG for the APU applica-tion is designed and developed. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the developed DS-BLDCG is a promising option for automobile APU application.
{"title":"Development and Analysis of Doubly Salient Brushless DC Generators for Automobile Auxiliary Power Unit Application","authors":"Li Yu, Zhuoran Zhang, Yangguang Yan","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671674","url":null,"abstract":"The doubly salient brushless dc generator (DS-BLDCG) is constituted by a doubly salient electro-magnetic generator (DSEG) and the associated rectifier circuit. Due to its merits of simplicity, high robustness, low cost, and flexible control, the DS-BLDCG is suitable for the automobile auxiliary power unit (APU) application. Since no constraint is imposed to the number of phases of the onboard brushless dc generator, the polyphase DSEG can be applied. In this paper, a 3-phase 12/8-pole DSEG and a 4-phase 16/12-pole DSEG for the APU application are proposed. The taper stator pole and broadened rotor pole structure utilized to increase maximum output power is introduced in the 4-phase DSEG design. Based on the two-dimensional finite-element method (FEM) and field-circuit coupling analysis, a comprehensive comparison is presented. The 16/12-pole DS-BLDCG exhibits better fault tolerant capability, lower voltage ripple, and higher output power, while the copper consumption of the 12/8-pole DS-BLDCG is less than the 16/12-pole one. A prototype 12/8-pole DS-BLDCG for the APU applica-tion is designed and developed. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the developed DS-BLDCG is a promising option for automobile APU application.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129415630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671668
Ying Fan, Yong Luo, Li Zhang, M. Wei
This paper proposes a new self-decelerating permanent magnet (SDPM) wheel motor for Electric Vehicles (EVs). SDPM can be utilized for direct-driving areas by the advantages of the high torque density and high efficiency. In this paper, the key is the halbach array is not traditional and can be optimized, it can offer higher effective harmonic components of the magnetic field as well as the pull-out torque than the radial magnetized self-decelerating permanent-magnet (RSDPM) motor. In addition, the adoption of halbach arrays can reduce the flux density of the rotor yoke, the Iron losses can be reduced too. The magnetic field distributions and steady-state characteristics of these two topologies are compared by using the finite element method (FEM). The comparative analysis results shows that the new SDPM motor is particularly suitable for direct driving wheel motor in EVs.
{"title":"Comparison of New Self-Decelerating Permanent-Magnet Wheel Motors with Two Topologies","authors":"Ying Fan, Yong Luo, Li Zhang, M. Wei","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671668","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new self-decelerating permanent magnet (SDPM) wheel motor for Electric Vehicles (EVs). SDPM can be utilized for direct-driving areas by the advantages of the high torque density and high efficiency. In this paper, the key is the halbach array is not traditional and can be optimized, it can offer higher effective harmonic components of the magnetic field as well as the pull-out torque than the radial magnetized self-decelerating permanent-magnet (RSDPM) motor. In addition, the adoption of halbach arrays can reduce the flux density of the rotor yoke, the Iron losses can be reduced too. The magnetic field distributions and steady-state characteristics of these two topologies are compared by using the finite element method (FEM). The comparative analysis results shows that the new SDPM motor is particularly suitable for direct driving wheel motor in EVs.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123813758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671728
Ying He, Changle Li, Hang Lin, Lina Zhu
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have been the research hotspot in wireless communication field recently. But implementing and testing applications or protocols in real world require prohibitive costs. Hence, most of the related researches depend on simulations. And mobility model is one of the most critical issues in the simulation study of VANETs. In this paper, we present a vehicular mobility model called ADM (Accident Driver Model) based on the concept of IDM (Intelligent Driver Model) to mimic the non-standard driver behaviors, and make the mobile nodes create accidents actively, while most of the mobility models don't support this feature. Then we implement ADM on the open-source traffic simulator VanetMobiSim. Finally, we investigate the influences of different mobility models on the performance of VANETs routing protocol. The simulation results show that we can evaluate routing performance correctly with ADM.
{"title":"Accident Driver Model for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network Simulation","authors":"Ying He, Changle Li, Hang Lin, Lina Zhu","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671728","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have been the research hotspot in wireless communication field recently. But implementing and testing applications or protocols in real world require prohibitive costs. Hence, most of the related researches depend on simulations. And mobility model is one of the most critical issues in the simulation study of VANETs. In this paper, we present a vehicular mobility model called ADM (Accident Driver Model) based on the concept of IDM (Intelligent Driver Model) to mimic the non-standard driver behaviors, and make the mobile nodes create accidents actively, while most of the mobility models don't support this feature. Then we implement ADM on the open-source traffic simulator VanetMobiSim. Finally, we investigate the influences of different mobility models on the performance of VANETs routing protocol. The simulation results show that we can evaluate routing performance correctly with ADM.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"15 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127648788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671689
Y. Ma, G. Zhu, S. Qiu, D. Zhang, W. Chen, S. C. Wong
Lithium-ion battery voltage equalization is of great importance to maximize the capacity of the whole battery pack and keep cells away from over-charge or over-discharge damage.In this paper, analysis of the working principle of the voltage equalization circuit shows that the speed of the lithium-ion battery cells voltage equalization can be accelerated with optimized circuit parameters. Look- up table control strategy is presented based on the optimized circuit. Finally, simulation analysis is performed to illustrate the validity of the circuit parameters and control strategy.
{"title":"Lithium-Ion Battery Cells Voltage Equalization Using Optimized Circuit Parameters and Control Strategy","authors":"Y. Ma, G. Zhu, S. Qiu, D. Zhang, W. Chen, S. C. Wong","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671689","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion battery voltage equalization is of great importance to maximize the capacity of the whole battery pack and keep cells away from over-charge or over-discharge damage.In this paper, analysis of the working principle of the voltage equalization circuit shows that the speed of the lithium-ion battery cells voltage equalization can be accelerated with optimized circuit parameters. Look- up table control strategy is presented based on the optimized circuit. Finally, simulation analysis is performed to illustrate the validity of the circuit parameters and control strategy.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122203775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671675
Parisa Amiribavandpour, W. Shen, A. Kapoor
A mathematical model is developed by coupling the electrochemical equation, the energy equation and the resistive network model to find the temperature behaviour of the battery in electric vehicles. The model is applied for a common battery pack in the battery industry under Japanese 1015 Mode EV driving cycle. Simulation results indicate that the maximum temperature for the battery pack occurs at the maximum discharge rate where the heat generation rate is very high. The simulation results also show that the portion of the heat conduction in heat dissipation can be increased by reducing the heat conduction resistance of the casing material and thus the effect of the heat conduction on temperature behaviour of the battery pack cannot be neglected.
{"title":"Development of Thermal-Electrochemical Model for Lithium Ion 18650 Battery Packs in Electric Vehicles","authors":"Parisa Amiribavandpour, W. Shen, A. Kapoor","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671675","url":null,"abstract":"A mathematical model is developed by coupling the electrochemical equation, the energy equation and the resistive network model to find the temperature behaviour of the battery in electric vehicles. The model is applied for a common battery pack in the battery industry under Japanese 1015 Mode EV driving cycle. Simulation results indicate that the maximum temperature for the battery pack occurs at the maximum discharge rate where the heat generation rate is very high. The simulation results also show that the portion of the heat conduction in heat dissipation can be increased by reducing the heat conduction resistance of the casing material and thus the effect of the heat conduction on temperature behaviour of the battery pack cannot be neglected.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130627689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671696
Huawei Zhou, Guohai Liu, Jian Zhang, X. Wen, Jian Luo
The battery electric bus needs the electric motor to run efficiently over the entire speed range. And it also expects the motor has the ability of fault-tolerant operation. This paper aims at the demands for high efficiency and the fault-tolerant operation of propulsion system. With the good performance of axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine, the multi-disc AFPM machines are selected. According to different torque demand, road condition and the motor efficiency map, the electric vehicle (EV) controller promptly adjusts the number of working AFPM machines and the output torque of modular AFPM machine to improve the overall energy-efficiency. Based on the modular motor operation condition, the fault-tolerant strategy is adopted to remove the faulted motor in time to enhance the propulsion system reliability.
{"title":"Optimal System Efficiency and Fault-Tolerant Control of AFPM Machines Drive for Electric Bus Propulsion","authors":"Huawei Zhou, Guohai Liu, Jian Zhang, X. Wen, Jian Luo","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671696","url":null,"abstract":"The battery electric bus needs the electric motor to run efficiently over the entire speed range. And it also expects the motor has the ability of fault-tolerant operation. This paper aims at the demands for high efficiency and the fault-tolerant operation of propulsion system. With the good performance of axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine, the multi-disc AFPM machines are selected. According to different torque demand, road condition and the motor efficiency map, the electric vehicle (EV) controller promptly adjusts the number of working AFPM machines and the output torque of modular AFPM machine to improve the overall energy-efficiency. Based on the modular motor operation condition, the fault-tolerant strategy is adopted to remove the faulted motor in time to enhance the propulsion system reliability.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131217712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-21DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671664
Ling Fang, Jing Chen, Xin Chen, Chunying Gong, Yi Fan
The concept of micro-grid requires the system not only to operate in both islanding mode and grid- connected mode, but also transfer smoothly between these two modes. This paper presents a seamless transition strategy for droop-controlled inverters to operate in both islanding and grid-connected modes. The design method of the power outer loop and the stability of power loop are analyzed in quantity by mathematic modeling. Thus, the power loop is well designed to ensure the stability of the micro-grid. Then a new pre-synchronization control strategy is proposed for the micro-grid inverter to transfer smoothly between two different modes. Subsequently, simulation and experimental results show that the desired transient and steady-state responses can be obtained.
{"title":"Analysis and Control of Smooth Transferring for Micro-Grid with Droop Control","authors":"Ling Fang, Jing Chen, Xin Chen, Chunying Gong, Yi Fan","doi":"10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2013.6671664","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of micro-grid requires the system not only to operate in both islanding mode and grid- connected mode, but also transfer smoothly between these two modes. This paper presents a seamless transition strategy for droop-controlled inverters to operate in both islanding and grid-connected modes. The design method of the power outer loop and the stability of power loop are analyzed in quantity by mathematic modeling. Thus, the power loop is well designed to ensure the stability of the micro-grid. Then a new pre-synchronization control strategy is proposed for the micro-grid inverter to transfer smoothly between two different modes. Subsequently, simulation and experimental results show that the desired transient and steady-state responses can be obtained.","PeriodicalId":119598,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133039678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：