European Journal of Dermatology最新文献

Nail and hair growth are complex phenomena that are subject to individual variation and influenced by external factors. To evaluate the effect of oral minoxidil on the growth rate of hair and nails. An open study was conducted involving 10 healthy adult men (21 to 46 years old), who underwent treatment with minoxidil 1 mg/day, followed by 2.5 mg/day for 14 days. Hair evaluation was conducted within 48 hours after shaving a standard retro auricular area. Nails were evaluated after 14 days, and the length between the thumbnail lunula and markings on the nail plate were measured. Hair and nail growth rate assessments were performed through dermoscopic photographs and measured in pixels using ImageJ software. Blood pressure and heart rate were evaluated during visits (D-14, D0, D14, and D28). Significance was set at p value <0.05, one-tailed. Minoxidil 2.5 mg, but not 1 mg, increased nail growth speed by 50.7% (p<0.01). Minoxidil 1 mg and 2.5 mg increased hair growth speed by 16.5% and 35.9% (p<0.01), respectively. Heart rate increased by 9.7% and 16.7% with 1 mg and 2.5 mg (p<0.01), respectively, but there was no change in blood pressure (p>0.2), and other symptoms were not reported during the study. Oral minoxidil was well tolerated and increased nail and hair growth rates in healthy adult men.

Acne is one of the most frequent dermatoses in adolescents and young adults. If left untreated, it may cause physical and psychological scars. The growing lack of dermatologists results in delayed appointments, which increases these risks. Teledermatology, including teleconsultation and tele-expertise, may help to manage acne. This article provides an overview of published information about teledermatology, including teleconsultation and tele-expertise for acne, and provides an expert point of view and recommendations for teledermatology. Five acne experts reviewed and discussed 52 publications regarding teledermatology for acne. Key words included "acne+teleconsultation", "acne+teledermatology", "acne+tele-expertise", and "acne+scars+teledermatology". The experts made recommendations regarding teledermatology for acne, proposed a specific questionnaire for tele-expertise requests for acne, and presented an acne patient care teledermatology pathway. In recent years, teleconsultation has become more and more useful in medically underserved regions. Currently, published data about teleconsultation for acne are sparse and no information about tele-expertise (from healthcare providers/healthcare provider services) for acne is available. While teleconsultation for acne is of particular interest during the follow-up of patients, an initial face-to face visit for acne patients is recommended before proceeding with teleconsultation. Tele-expertise for acne is proposed as a medical support among general practitioners or other specialists, and dermatologists in specific cases (severe acne, risk of scarring, etc.). Based on the literature and their experience, the experts made recommendations and proposed a medical care pathway for the management of acne, including teleconsultation and tele-expertise.

DRESS (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) is a rare but potentially severe drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction that can lead to multiple organ failure. One of the characteristics of DRESS is its potential for persistent progression, even without reintroduction of the culprit drug or introduction of another molecule with a risk of cross-reaction. The mechanisms of these "long" or "chronic" DRESS reactions are not elucidated, but several mechanisms may involve immunological or viral factors or dependence to corticosteroids, which remains the current standard of care. It is important to be aware of this evolving risk, which has a major impact on patient management. In addition, DRESS can sometimes lead to serious long-term complications, such as autoimmune disorders or sequelae due to organ failure secondary to DRESS or its treatment. These complications need to be detected early and avoided as much as possible through early diagnosis and the treatment of patients.

Seabather's eruption (SBE) is an acute dermatitis characterized clinically by erythematous papules located almost exclusively under a bathing suit. SBE is caused by contact on the skin by the jellyfish, Linuche unguiculata (L. unguiculata). To report our clinical experience of SBE, with a description of the presentation of the first SBE cases from the Mediterranean Sea. In the period 1987-2023, we observed seven patients with SBE; four males and three females, with an age ranging from 16 to 56 years (mean age: 37.2 years). All patients contracted SBE in the Mediterranean Sea, which was characterized by a typical clinical picture of erythematous papules located almost exclusively under the bra or underpants, accompanied by severe pruritus. In all patients, SBE showed a typical clinical presentation and it was possible to exclude other diagnoses, such as swimmer's itch, folliculitis, acne/acneiform eruptions, and follicular larva migrans. No cases of SBE have been previously reported from patients swimming in the Mediterranean Sea. L. unguiculata may have reached the Mediterranean Sea from the Atlantic Ocean, however, it is also possible that SBE in our patients was caused by different microorganisms other than L. unguiculata, supporting the hypothesis, as previously suggested, that SBE can be caused by microorganisms other than L. unguiculata.

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a potentially life-threatening orphan disease. Interleukin (IL)-36 is a known pathogenetic key driver of GPP. The IL-36 receptor inhibitor spesolimab has shown efficacy and safety in clinical trials. However, evidence for spesolimab outside of clinical trials is limited. To provide additional evidence for the use of spesolimab beyond clinical trials, we evaluated individual patient data as part of the spesolimab Compassionate Use Program (CUP) for GPP patients in Germany. Adult patients with an acute GPP flare received 900 mg spesolimab intravenously at baseline and received a second dose on day 8. Data on demographics, efficacy and adverse events were collected from participating sites at baseline, on day 8 and at four weeks. The database included datasets from 12 GPP patients. At baseline, 72% of patients with complete data regarding efficacy (n=7) had a GPPGA (Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Physician Global Assessment) of ≥3, and all patients a PS (pustulation subscore) of ≥3. On day 8, 43% of patients had a GPPGA ≤1 and 72% a PS ≤1. After four weeks, all patients had a GPPGA ≤1 and 86% a PS ≤1. No drug-related adverse events were reported. These findings confirm the results of international, randomized clinical trials in a real-world setting. As spesolimab is no longer available in Germany, this study provides important information that cannot be replicated in this country.

The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and psoriasis has been the subject of conflicting findings in previous studies, thus the relationship between them is unresolved. To examine the association between MetS and psoriasis based on a population-based cross-sectional study and assess the causal relationship between these two conditions using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This population-based cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to investigate the potential association between MetS and the risk of psoriasis, along with its key indicators, through logistic regression analysis. MR analysis was further conducted using MetS and psoriasis genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, primarily employing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. The observational study included a total of 15,668 individuals. Weighted multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed a correlation between MetS and psoriasis (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.23-2.01, p<0.05). The MR analysis using the IVW method also supported MetS as a risk factor for psoriasis (OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.23-1.88, p<0.05). Additionally, the study identified a close association between psoriasis and waist circumference, a core indicator of MetS. Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing psoriasis. However, further validation is needed through large-scale prospective cohort studies and long-term follow-up.

In transmen (women to men), the testosterone (T) therapy used to support the masculinizing process may cause acne. Conversely, in transwomen (men to women), feminising hormones may reduce acne but cause skin dryness and irritation which may be further exacerbated if mild acne persists, requiring topical treatments. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues suppress endogenous sex hormones, thus avoiding the onset of acne in prepubertal individuals. To identify the specific issues of acne in transgender patients and propose suitable medical care for dermatologists. A group of five experts on acne reviewed and discussed 68 publications regarding the issue of acne in transgender patients. Key words included "acne+transgender", "acne+transgender+treatment", "transgender+skin diseases+treatment", "transmen+acne+treatment," and "transwomen+acne+treatment". The gender affirming process in transgender patients requires a multidisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists, psychiatrists, cardiologists and dermatologists, especially if the hormonal treatment causes or worsens acne. Treatment of "transgender" acne differs from "classic" acne treatment. The administration of masculinizing hormones frequently causes moderate to severe acne which requires the administration of oral treatments involving specific conditions of use and, conversely, the use of feminising hormones reduces the risk of more severe forms of acne. However, mild to moderate acne may persist, requiring topical treatments that may further increase skin dryness and irritation. The risk of relapse after stopping treatment may be very high and justifies a maintenance topical treatment. The use of ceramide-enriched emollients is mandatory in all patients. The treatment of "transgender" acne may be challenging, however, efficacious treatment options exist.