European Journal of Dermatology最新文献

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a very common disease associated with a considerable individual and public health burden. To evaluate prognostic clinical and laboratory parameters, including systemic immune inflammatory biomarkers (SIIB) in inpatients with HZ. We investigated clinical and laboratory data of 520 inpatients with HZ. Complete blood count was determined at baseline. SIIB was assessed based on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), and absolute eosinopenia (AEP). Both uni- and multivariable statistics were performed. NRL and PIV were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher in HZ patients vs. healthy controls and. The presence of absolute eosinopenia (OR: 3.9, 95 % CI: 1.9 to 8.3) was a strong predictor of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (OR: 4.3, 95 % CI: 1.8 to 10.3), bacterial superinfection (OR: 2.3, 95 % CI: 1.3 to 4.1), and age < 65 (OR: 0.51, 95 % CI: 0.33 to 0.78) were associated with length of hospitalisation. The presence of immunosuppression predicted herpes encephalitis (OR: 22.4, 95 % CI: 2.3 to 221) as well as treatment outcome in the intensive care unit (OR: 8.9, 95 % CI: 1.3 to 61.8). Postherpetic neuralgia was associated with absence of intravenous antiviral therapy (OR: 55.2 [16.5 to 184.9]). We identified several clinical and laboratory-based independent predictors that may aid prognostication of HZ patients. The increase in SIIB reflects the possible role of systemic inflammatory alterations in HZ. However, the only effective SIIB studied was AEP which was independently associated with HZO. The use of intravenous antiviral therapy decreases the risk of postherpetic neuralgia.

Keloids are fibroproliferative diseases featuring abnormal fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Current therapeutic methods for keloids are unsatisfactory, and the recurrence rates of keloids are high. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a key active component of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, and has been reported to exert potent anti-fibrotic effects. Accordingly, our research aimed to explore whether AS-IV suppresses fibroblast dysfunction and skin fibrosis during the development of keloids. Human keloid-derived fibroblasts (KFs) were stimulated by TGF-β1 to evaluate the influence of AS-IV on abnormal proliferation, migration, and accumulation of ECM in vitro. A bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin fibrosis model was established to assess the influence of AS-IV on ECM deposition and skin fibrosis in vivo. TGF-β1 stimulation enhanced the proliferation, migration, and accumulation of ECM in KFs, which were abolished by AS-IV treatment. The in vivo assay revealed that AS-IV administration restrained ECM accumulation and skin fibrosis in mouse models. AS-IV plays an anti-fibrotic role in keloids by suppressing fibroblast dysfunction and reducing ECM deposition.

Sweet syndrome is a neutrophilic dermatosis that may be associated with malignancy, particularly haematological malignancy. Considering its rarity, the clinical characteristics of Sweet syndrome are still unclear. We aimed to analyse clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with Sweet syndrome according to concurrent malignancy. We retrospectively reviewed patients with Sweet syndrome at the Department of Dermatology from January 2001 to August 2021. We identified 66 patients (median age: 58 years old; 57.6% male) with Sweet syndrome: 24.2% with the classic form, 36.3% with the malignancy-associated form, and 15.1% with the drug-induced form. Idiopathic Sweet syndrome was most common in the non-malignancy group (18.1%). Leukopenia (p = 0.008), anaemia (p = 0.004), and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.013) were significantly associated with malignancy. No significant difference in histopathology was identified between patients with and without haematological malignancy. Systemic corticosteroids were the most commonly used therapy (n=44, 66.6%). Relapse of Sweet syndrome was more prevalent in the malignancy group. Patients with Sweet syndrome who have laboratory evidence of leukopenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia should be investigated for malignancy. Sweet syndrome often occurs as a paraneoplastic feature.

Acne can result from increased testosterone concentrations after gender-affirming masculinizing testosterone therapy (GATT) initiation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of acne and acne severity in transgender individuals while receiving GATT. A prospective multicenter follow-up study (2010-2019) was performed to assess self-reported acne and acne severity, and define risk factors for acne in transgender men during the first three years after initiation of GATT (n=323). Investigated risk factors included: age at initiation of GATT, body mass index (BMI), type of testosterone administration, use of lynestrenol, alcohol use, smoking and serum testosterone concentrations during therapy. The prevalence of moderate/severe acne increased from 11.8% to 39.1% after one year of GATT. Multivariate analyses showed BMI >25 kg/m2 (relative risk [RR]: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.80), age: 18-25 years (RR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.19-3.33), testosterone concentration >10 nmol/L (RR: 1.91; 95%CI: 1.28-2.84) and the presence of acne at baseline (RR: 1.82; 95%CI: 1.47-2.25) to be risk factors for development of moderate/severe acne. Acne is a common side effect of GATT. Risk factors that influence the occurrence of moderate to severe acne in testosterone-treated transgender men are high BMI, younger age at initiation of GATT and testosterone concentrations within or above the target range. These observations could be taken into account when counselling transgender men starting GATT.