European Journal of Oral Sciences最新文献

The current study aimed to assess the effect of thyme honey on pain relief in patients with minor aphthous ulcers as a primary objective, its healing effect on ulcer size reduction, and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). In this randomized clinical trial, 30 patients (15 in each group) having minor aphthous ulcers at the oral diagnostic clinic at the British University in Egypt were treated with either thyme honey or triamcinolone acetonide in orabase. Different clinical parameters were recorded for both groups at various intervals, such as pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), size of ulcers in mm, and OHIP-14. Thyme honey intervention showed more significant ulcer size reduction than the triamcinolone acetonide group on days 5, and 7, and a more substantial decrease in pain intensity on days 3, 5, and 7. Additionally, the thyme honey group showed significantly lower OHIP values than the triamcinolone acetonide group after 7 days. The current clinical trial furnished evidence of the effectiveness of thyme honey in managing minor aphthous ulcers for the first time and revealed clinical efficiency with satisfactory patient outcomes.

Tip control in lingual orthodontics may be challenging because of the presence of a vertical slot and the particular configuration of the customized appliances. The aim of this in vitro experimental study was to investigate the role of the ligature–wire–slot system in achieving better tip control. A set of customized lingual brackets was obtained for a dedicated typodont made of extracted human teeth. A compression/traction machine tested two types of ligatures in combination with seven different wires, and the tipping angle of each configuration was derived. A statistically significant difference was found between ligatures when the complete set of data was tested. In addition, differences between ligatures were found when testing each wire separately. A statistically significant difference was found among all wires. Full-size wires showed the smallest angles, which correspond to the greatest efficiency of the slot–archwire–ligation system in terms of tip control, and this efficiency appeared to be ligature-related. The role played by the type of ligature was more relevant for undersized wires.

Microglia activation and autophagy changes are associated with the regulation of pain, but no study to date has been designed to address whether these features apply to trigeminal neuropathic pain. This study aimed to investigate how alterations in autophagy affect nociceptive behaviors may be associated with microglia activation in the caudal part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus (SpVC) in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. This model was established by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve. Autophagy inhibitors and agonists were injected into the lateral ventricle to regulate autophagy. The autophagy markers microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 I (LC3-I), LC3-II, sequestosome1 (p62), and LC-3 were examined by western blotting and/or immunofluorescence. The microglia marker ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) was examined by immunohistochemistry. Nociceptive behavior changes were detected by measuring the mechanical thresholds and face-grooming duration. The results showed that microglia in SpVC were activated, and autophagy flux was blocked in the trigeminal neuropathic pain model. Autophagy agonists inhibited microglia activation and alleviated nociceptive behaviors. In contrast, autophagy inhibitors further activated microglia and exacerbated nociceptive behaviors. In a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain, autophagy blockage leads to microglia activation, which significantly influences nociceptive processes.

A promising approach for managing root caries is the use of cross-linking agents to stabilize collagen. However, despite testing various natural and synthetic agents in vitro, their efficacy remains uncertain. The aim of this review was to examine which cross-linking agent performs better in reducing root caries lesion depth and the release of hydroxyproline, which is a marker of collagen degradation. Studies evaluating the impact of cross-linking agents on dentin were included, while studies performed on enamel surface/cell cultures and studies evaluating collagenase inhibitors were excluded, among others. A comprehensive search covered eight databases, and study quality was assessed using the QUINN Tool for in vitro dental studies. Synthesis of the results was done using a Bayesian network meta-analysis to compare agents. Fifty studies involving 31 cross-linking agents were included for qualitative synthesis. The network meta-analysis for lesion depth involved 284 samples across 36 comparisons and ranked cross-linking agents in terms of their caries lesion depth-reducing effect (from best to worst): naringin > quercetin > riboflavin > proanthocyanidins > hesperidin > glutaraldehyde > cranberry > grape seed extract > untreated controls. Only naringin, quercetin, proanthocyanidins, and glutaraldehyde showed statistically significant efficacy over untreated controls. Cranberry extract excelled in reducing hydroxyproline release, followed by proanthocyanidins. In conclusion, proanthocyanidins positively affected both outcomes, suggesting they are prime candidates for translational research. Clinical studies are now essential to evaluate their real-world effectiveness against root caries. PROSPERO-CRD42023404911.

The transverse dimensions of internasal and nasopremaxillary sutures in rats were assessed at different ages and following different dietary functional demands.Eighty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups fed either a hard or a soft diet from 4 weeks of age, and sacrificed at 4 weeks (baseline: n = 12),16 weeks (n = 24), 26 weeks (n = 24), or 38 weeks (n = 24) of age. High-resolution micro-computed tomograms of the internasal and left nasopremaxillary sutures were obtained with 10 µm voxel size and 5 × 5 mm field of view. The endocranial and ectocranial suture widths, the mean suture width, and the suture height were measured. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of age and type of diet on suture dimensions. Internasal and nasopremaxillary suture dimensions were influenced by age, with a generally lower width and a larger height in the older animal. Regarding diet consistency, internasal suture widths were on average larger in the hard-diet group (e.g., mean suture width 43 µm in the hard- versus 30 µm in the soft-diet group at 26 weeks). In conclusion, the internasal and nasopremaxillary sutures tend to become narrower with age, while being influenced by masticatory functional demands.

Gender differences in pain reporting and prevalence have been demonstrated. As gender of examiner also affects reporting of pain on palpation, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of examiner gender on palpation performance using three different palpation methods. Examiners of both genders were instructed on the correct technique for each palpation method by either a female or male instructor. The target was to achieve a pressure of 100 kPa, corresponding to the 1 kg of force for muscle palpation described in the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD). All examiners performed traditional palpation with the index finger, palpation with a palpometer, and a novel bimanual palpation with visual feedback, in a randomized order. The examiner's gender, and its interaction with the gender of the instructor did not significantly affect magnitude, accuracy, or precision of the pressure applied. The method of palpation was the only factor that significantly impacted all metrics. The palpometer achieved the lowest palpation magnitude (mean pressure applied = 113.7  kPa, 95% CI: 109.8–117.6), the highest accuracy (absolute difference = 15.7  kPa, 95% CI: 12.3–19.1), and the highest precision (mean coefficient of variation = 6.8, 95% CI: 6.0–7.6), followed by bimanual palpation and traditional palpation. The results suggest that gender differences in pain reporting in patients are not likely to be a result of the technical aspects associated with the gender of the examiner. Instead, these differences may be attributed to other factors, such as sociocultural influences.

This study assessed the bond strength of resin-based restorative materials to fast-setting calcium silicate cement (Aarhus Uinversity, Denmark) when treated with each of two one-bottle universal adhesive systems. The cement surface (N = 256) was treated with a self-priming adhesive and a self-etch phosphate monomer-containing adhesive with and without etching of the cement surface. Specimens then received either resin composite or compomer restorative materials (n = 32). The bond strength was measured after 1 day and 1500 thermocycles (n = 16). The failure type was visually inspected. The cement-adhesive-restorative material interface was visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Restorative material type, resin adhesive system, and thermocycling had a statistically significant effect on the bond strength. Compomer restorative material and self-etch universal adhesive system demonstrated statistically significantly higher bond strength values to fast-setting calcium silicate cement, predominantly exhibiting cement cohesive failure. Etching the cement surface enhanced the bond strength of the self-priming universal adhesive. Thermocycling significantly reduced the bond strength. SEM showed self-etch universal adhesive seemingly diffused over the etched cement surface compared to other groups. Self-etch phosphate monomer-containing universal adhesive and compomer resulted in the highest bond strength to fast-setting calcium silicate cement.

This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) when bonding a universal resin cement to a disilicate glass-ceramic using different adhesive protocols. Sixty specimens were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 20 s and assigned to one of four treatment protocols (n = 15): The Positive control protocol comprised use of a universal adhesive system + adhesive resin cement; the Test1 protocol comprised use of a new universal adhesive system + universal resin cement; the Test2 protocol comprised use of a silane coupling agent + universal resin cement; and the use of a universal resin cement without adhesive and silane served as the Negative control. One of the two resin cement cylinders built on each specimen in each group was used to test for 24-h SBS, while the other was thermocycled and then tested for SBS. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Weibull analysis. The negative control (24 h) showed the lowest SBS mean value. The Test2 protocol resulted in the highest SBS mean value after thermocycling. Adhesive and mixed failures were prevalent in all groups. No statistical difference in m values was observed among the groups at 24 h. After thermocycling, the two Test protocols showed the highest m values. The m values were significantly lower after thermocycling than at 24 h for all groups. After thermal aging, The Test2 protocol resulted in a statistically significantly higher SBS mean value after thermal aging than seen for the other groups.

The aim of this study was to assess whether the involvement of major salivary and lacrimal glands in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) affected the psychological resilience of patients. This cross-sectional study included 116 patients with pSS. Data were collected through clinical examinations, measurement of salivary flow rates (SFRs), and from Schirmer's test, as well as from patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Hyposalivation was defined as an unstimulated SFR of ≤0.1 mL/min. The BRS score (mean ± SD = 2.60 ± 0.69) was lower in patients with recurrent parotitis (2.11 ± 0.37) than in those without recurrent parotitis (2.67 ± 0.86), in the whole group. In patients with an unacceptable symptom state (ESSPRI score ≥ 5 points), a lower BRS score was observed in patients with both hyposalivation and ocular dryness (2.59 ± 0.69) than in patients with isolated hyposalivation (2.84 ± 0.84). The BRS score was also negatively associated with the WPAI-Daily Impairment and OHIP-14 scores in patients with hyposalivation as well as with HADS-A (the seven items of HADS relating to the anxiety dimension) and HADS-D (the seven items of HADS relating to the depression dimension) in the whole group. The results suggest that psychological resilience in pSS may be affected by recurrent parotitis, the levels of anxiety and depression, as well as hyposalivation with ocular dryness.

Water treeing and water droplets are observed within adhesive layers and on the hybridized surface after bonding sound dentin using single-bottle etch-and-rinse adhesives, indicating permeability of the hybrid layer to water. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of dentin sealing by adhesives containing propolis by quantifying the area of water transudation from dentinal tubules after dentin hybridization. Brazilian red propolis was added to experimental adhesive and Single Bond (3M/ESPE) adhesive; experimental adhesive and Single Bond without propolis were used as controls. Under simulated pulp pressure, two layers of adhesive were applied to etched human dentin discs. Three minutes after light-curing, the hybridized dentin surface was replicated, and epoxy resin replicas were created to obtain scanning electron microscope images. Data were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey's test. Single Bond containing propolis significantly decreased water permeation through the hybrid layer compared with the control group. Three minutes after polymerization, the experimental adhesive without propolis had formed a permeable hybrid layer. The addition of Brazilian red propolis significantly reduced surface water on hybridized dentin in a concentration-dependent manner. Two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives containing propolis were effective in reducing water permeation through the hybridized dentin surface.