Este artículo propone detallar un modelo de inteligencia organizacional y, a la vez, describir y aplicar las herramientas de la planeación estratégica y la prospectiva, para ser implementadas a bajos costos en la gestión de las pymes, en este caso particular, haciendo referencia a la red de hostales de la ciudad de Medellín. Se pretende articular la universidad a las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), las cuales han sido generadoras del desarrollo y crecimiento económico del país en la última década, gracias a su capacidad de crear nuevos empleos. Finalmente, se muestra que la propuesta de implementación de las herramientas mencionadas fue bien recibida por los administradores de los hostales que hacen parte de la red, como insumo para alcanzar niveles de competitividad, lo que les permitirá el mejoramiento en la prestación del servicio, visibilidad y permanencia en el mercado.
{"title":"Herramientas De Gestión Al Alcance: Caso Red De Hostales De La Ciudad De Medellín (Management Tools within Reach: Case Network of Hostels in the Medellín City)","authors":"Diana Marcela González-Posada, Nicolás Reyes-Bedoya","doi":"10.22430/24223182.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22430/24223182.1261","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo propone detallar un modelo de inteligencia organizacional y, a la vez, describir y aplicar las herramientas de la planeación estratégica y la prospectiva, para ser implementadas a bajos costos en la gestión de las pymes, en este caso particular, haciendo referencia a la red de hostales de la ciudad de Medellín. Se pretende articular la universidad a las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), las cuales han sido generadoras del desarrollo y crecimiento económico del país en la última década, gracias a su capacidad de crear nuevos empleos. Finalmente, se muestra que la propuesta de implementación de las herramientas mencionadas fue bien recibida por los administradores de los hostales que hacen parte de la red, como insumo para alcanzar niveles de competitividad, lo que les permitirá el mejoramiento en la prestación del servicio, visibilidad y permanencia en el mercado.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127251828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Banking is one of the most responsive businesses all over the world. Banks play an important role in the economy and are considered as the backbone of an economy in every country and Afghanistan is no exclusion. Banks are keeper to the assets of the general masses. The banking sector plays a major role in a current world of money and economy. It influences and facilitates many different but integrated economic activities like resources mobilization, poverty elimination, production and distribution of public finance. Afghanistan has a well-developed banking system, which consists of a wide variety of institutions ranging from a central bank to commercial banks and to specialized agencies to provide for special requirements of specific sectors. Today, the banking sector is providing financial solutions to the masses and is growing and becoming a solid partner in the development of the Afghan economy, this growth potential has seen different acquisitions in the banking sector, with the Standard. Besides, Islamic banking is widely regarded as the fastest growing sector in the Middle Eastern financial services market. Billion worth of funds are now managed according to Shariah. As Islamic banking is a new concept in Afghanistan and all Afghan citizens are Muslims and this study would also help them to know about Islamic banking activities. The purpose of this is to investigate Islamic banking activities, conventional banking activities, Islamic banking effects on commercial banking, customers ‘satisfaction and their awareness about the banking activities. This study principally involved survey of 9 private banks, 4 governmental banks, and 3 international banks in Kabul, Afghanistan and it this study was done in 6 months. Total of 250 questionnaires were disturbed into the respondent and 162 questionnaires were returned so the data was analyzed through “Statistical Package for Social Science” SPSS Version 20.
银行业是世界上反应最迅速的行业之一。银行在经济中发挥着重要作用，在每个国家都被视为经济的支柱，阿富汗也不例外。银行是大众资产的保管者。银行业在当今世界的货币和经济中扮演着重要的角色。它影响和促进许多不同但综合的经济活动，如资源调动、消除贫穷、公共财政的生产和分配。阿富汗有一个非常发达的银行系统，由各种各样的机构组成，从中央银行到商业银行，再到满足特定部门特殊要求的专门机构。今天，银行部门正在为大众提供金融解决方案，并正在成长，成为阿富汗经济发展的坚实合作伙伴，这种增长潜力已经在银行部门看到了不同的收购，与标准。此外，伊斯兰银行被广泛认为是中东金融服务市场中增长最快的部门。价值数十亿美元的基金现在根据伊斯兰教法进行管理。由于伊斯兰银行在阿富汗是一个新概念，所有阿富汗公民都是穆斯林，这项研究也将帮助他们了解伊斯兰银行的活动。这项研究的目的是调查伊斯兰银行活动、传统银行活动、伊斯兰银行对商业银行的影响、客户满意度和他们对银行活动的认识。本研究主要调查了阿富汗喀布尔的9家私人银行、4家政府银行和3家国际银行，研究时间为6个月。共向被调查者发放250份问卷，回收162份问卷，通过“Statistical Package for Social Science”SPSS Version 20分析数据。
{"title":"Islamic vs. Conventional Banking In Afghanistan","authors":"Ahmad Reshad Askarzada","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3301445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3301445","url":null,"abstract":"Banking is one of the most responsive businesses all over the world. Banks play an important role in the economy and are considered as the backbone of an economy in every country and Afghanistan is no exclusion. Banks are keeper to the assets of the general masses. The banking sector plays a major role in a current world of money and economy. It influences and facilitates many different but integrated economic activities like resources mobilization, poverty elimination, production and distribution of public finance. Afghanistan has a well-developed banking system, which consists of a wide variety of institutions ranging from a central bank to commercial banks and to specialized agencies to provide for special requirements of specific sectors. Today, the banking sector is providing financial solutions to the masses and is growing and becoming a solid partner in the development of the Afghan economy, this growth potential has seen different acquisitions in the banking sector, with the Standard. Besides, Islamic banking is widely regarded as the fastest growing sector in the Middle Eastern financial services market. Billion worth of funds are now managed according to Shariah. As Islamic banking is a new concept in Afghanistan and all Afghan citizens are Muslims and this study would also help them to know about Islamic banking activities. The purpose of this is to investigate Islamic banking activities, conventional banking activities, Islamic banking effects on commercial banking, customers ‘satisfaction and their awareness about the banking activities. This study principally involved survey of 9 private banks, 4 governmental banks, and 3 international banks in Kabul, Afghanistan and it this study was done in 6 months. Total of 250 questionnaires were disturbed into the respondent and 162 questionnaires were returned so the data was analyzed through “Statistical Package for Social Science” SPSS Version 20.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124818955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In developing countries, informality is mainly concentrated on younger and older workers. In this paper, we propose a dual labor market theory that highlights how frictions and taxation in the formal sector as well as educational choices interact to shape the informality rate over the life-cycle. We develop a life-cycle model with search frictions, skill heterogeneities, and endogenous educational choices. We carry out a numerical analysis and show that our model reproduces remarkably well the life-cycle patterns of informality, non-employment and formal employment in Argentina. We analyze several public policies and show that an educational grant reduces both informality and non-employment and may be fully financed by the extra tax revenues generated by the increase in formal employment and wages. Lowering taxes may achieve similar results but is detrimental for the government budget, in the case of Argentina, despite increasing the base on which they are levied.
{"title":"Informality Over the Life-Cycle","authors":"Julien Albertini, Anthony Terriau","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3302579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3302579","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries, informality is mainly concentrated on younger and older workers. In this paper, we propose a dual labor market theory that highlights how frictions and taxation in the formal sector as well as educational choices interact to shape the informality rate over the life-cycle. We develop a life-cycle model with search frictions, skill heterogeneities, and endogenous educational choices. We carry out a numerical analysis and show that our model reproduces remarkably well the life-cycle patterns of informality, non-employment and formal employment in Argentina. We analyze several public policies and show that an educational grant reduces both informality and non-employment and may be fully financed by the extra tax revenues generated by the increase in formal employment and wages. Lowering taxes may achieve similar results but is detrimental for the government budget, in the case of Argentina, despite increasing the base on which they are levied.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122384971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2018, bank lending to corporate customers is gradually gaining momentum mainly by means of rouble loans to non-financial institutions. Domestic bond market dynamics slowed down dramatically due to reduction of new borrowings by the Rosneft oil company. In 2018, the share of bond loans on the domestic market is diminishing.
{"title":"Corporate Borrowings: Strengthening of the Role of a Bank Loan","authors":"M. Khromov, E. Khudko","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3285169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3285169","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, bank lending to corporate customers is gradually gaining momentum mainly by means of rouble loans to non-financial institutions. Domestic bond market dynamics slowed down dramatically due to reduction of new borrowings by the Rosneft oil company. In 2018, the share of bond loans on the domestic market is diminishing.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116614275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to Mark Thornton, we could be very close to another major economic crisis. Ten years have passed from the so-called Great Recession and Thornton's prediction confirms my view according to which business fluctuations are pervasive, and the crisis that emerged in the Western world in 2007 is just the latest and most evident manifestation of such dynamics. I have expressed the idea that business cycles are unavoidable by developing the doctrine of the natural cycle. In the present paper I used that framework in order to describe the evolution of the Malaysian property market in the last decade in the context of the general development of the national economy. In fact, it seems that this evolution presents many features of the cyclical dynamic that brought about the Great Recession after a ten year delay.
{"title":"The Malaysian Property Boom and Bust Cycle: History Repeating?","authors":"C. Ferlito","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3287616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3287616","url":null,"abstract":"According to Mark Thornton, we could be very close to another major economic crisis. Ten years have passed from the so-called Great Recession and Thornton's prediction confirms my view according to which business fluctuations are pervasive, and the crisis that emerged in the Western world in 2007 is just the latest and most evident manifestation of such dynamics. I have expressed the idea that business cycles are unavoidable by developing the doctrine of the natural cycle. In the present paper I used that framework in order to describe the evolution of the Malaysian property market in the last decade in the context of the general development of the national economy. In fact, it seems that this evolution presents many features of the cyclical dynamic that brought about the Great Recession after a ten year delay.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129555068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Author(s): Lee, Jonghyuk | Advisor(s): Shih, Victor C | Abstract: This paper addresses the question of how bureaucratic incentives affect economic performance in China at the provincial level. This paper develops a novel model to measure promotion incentives of the Chinese provincial standing committee members from 1995 to 2015. Using machine learning to incorporate over 200 variables of individual features, this paper derives a predicted probability of political advancement (i.e. prior likelihood of promotion) as a proxy to evaluate officials’ career prospects. The empirical results show that Chinese provincial governments are likely to generate higher economic growth rates when composed of a greater proportion of officials facing intense competition in the promotion tournament. On the other hand, a higher proportion of provincial leaders whose careers are at a dead-end or on a fast track has no effect on the local economic development. Contrary to popular belief, better economic performance stem mainly from the career incentives of the rank-and-file standing committee members, not from those of the supreme leaders of the province, such as the party secretary and the governor.
{"title":"Band of Rivals: Career Incentives, Elite Competition, and Economic Growth in China","authors":"JongHyuk Lee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3416118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3416118","url":null,"abstract":"Author(s): Lee, Jonghyuk | Advisor(s): Shih, Victor C | Abstract: This paper addresses the question of how bureaucratic incentives affect economic performance in China at the provincial level. This paper develops a novel model to measure promotion incentives of the Chinese provincial standing committee members from 1995 to 2015. Using machine learning to incorporate over 200 variables of individual features, this paper derives a predicted probability of political advancement (i.e. prior likelihood of promotion) as a proxy to evaluate officials’ career prospects. The empirical results show that Chinese provincial governments are likely to generate higher economic growth rates when composed of a greater proportion of officials facing intense competition in the promotion tournament. On the other hand, a higher proportion of provincial leaders whose careers are at a dead-end or on a fast track has no effect on the local economic development. Contrary to popular belief, better economic performance stem mainly from the career incentives of the rank-and-file standing committee members, not from those of the supreme leaders of the province, such as the party secretary and the governor.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133803724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Anesbury, Danielle Talbot, Chanel Andrea Day, T. Bogomolov, S. Bogomolova
Although both fresh produce and consumer packaged goods (CPG) are sold within supermarkets, there is little research comparing how consumers purchase them. To provide insights into this area of research, this study compares the frequency of buying fresh fruits and vegetables, the concentration of sales amongst consumer segments and the stability of those segments with what has been established in the CPG literature for decades. To achieve this, we analyze the Negative Binomial Distributions and Pareto shares (or the 80/20 rule) of the Nielsen panel data covering over 4,200,000 fresh produce purchases in the United States, between 2004 and 2016 and compare them to CPG studies. The results show that consumers purchase fresh produce in the same manner as CPG, that is, there are many more infrequent buyers and that the most frequent buyers contribute ~60% of sales (not the expected 80%); furthermore, they purchase less frequently over time and contribute fewer sales. This implies that frequent buyers have limited potential in terms of growing the fresh produce category or their own consumption. Instead, fresh produce marketing campaigns should appeal to all buyers, especially, those who are not buying or buying infrequently, thereby growing their customer base, rather than the loyalty of their existing buyers.
{"title":"Do Consumers Purchase Fresh Produce Differently to Packaged Goods? Evidence From the United States","authors":"Z. Anesbury, Danielle Talbot, Chanel Andrea Day, T. Bogomolov, S. Bogomolova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3252849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3252849","url":null,"abstract":"Although both fresh produce and consumer packaged goods (CPG) are sold within supermarkets, there is little research comparing how consumers purchase them. To provide insights into this area of research, this study compares the frequency of buying fresh fruits and vegetables, the concentration of sales amongst consumer segments and the stability of those segments with what has been established in the CPG literature for decades. To achieve this, we analyze the Negative Binomial Distributions and Pareto shares (or the 80/20 rule) of the Nielsen panel data covering over 4,200,000 fresh produce purchases in the United States, between 2004 and 2016 and compare them to CPG studies. The results show that consumers purchase fresh produce in the same manner as CPG, that is, there are many more infrequent buyers and that the most frequent buyers contribute ~60% of sales (not the expected 80%); furthermore, they purchase less frequently over time and contribute fewer sales. This implies that frequent buyers have limited potential in terms of growing the fresh produce category or their own consumption. Instead, fresh produce marketing campaigns should appeal to all buyers, especially, those who are not buying or buying infrequently, thereby growing their customer base, rather than the loyalty of their existing buyers.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125593710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article elucidates an overview of the investment initiatives of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its bridge-head role in the maturity of One Belt One Road (OBOR) global initiative of China. Eloquent picture of the dominating sway of CPEC amidst China’s investment in Africa and Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Initiative (BCIM) has been strived to be delineated. It’s an incisive study of the logical implications of CPEC in view of the geo-politic developments and security risks. It is imperative to fathom major implications in view of geo-strategic policies of China, Sino-Pak relations and cutting-edge economic aspirations of both the countries. An endeavor has been attempted to explicate the financial insinuations of CPEC, prodding the ubiquitous economic tumult in Pakistan, cogitating the Omni-directional foreign policy of Sri Lanka with China. Implications of Chinese maritime developments in karnaphuli, Colombo and Naypyidaw have been expounded to comprehend the burgeoning template of maritime politics and aura of extra-regional players in South Asia. This study is qualitative in nature as methodology pertained to review the existing literature. Well-structured analysis of the lucid implications stemmed to cope with the prevalent ordeals, hampering the accomplishment of CPEC and simultaneously the development of Pakistan. Plausible conclusions were drawn to eschew the grey belts of fragile economy of Pakistan and restructured maritime subtleties in South Asia. Conclusions, extrapolated from the astute study of implications, may succor think tanks to contrive dynamics of foreign policy of Pakistan, ruminating over the rise and fall of global players.
{"title":"CPEC: A Critique of Lucid Implications","authors":"Ahmad Khawar Shahzad","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3527395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3527395","url":null,"abstract":"This article elucidates an overview of the investment initiatives of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its bridge-head role in the maturity of One Belt One Road (OBOR) global initiative of China. Eloquent picture of the dominating sway of CPEC amidst China’s investment in Africa and Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Initiative (BCIM) has been strived to be delineated. It’s an incisive study of the logical implications of CPEC in view of the geo-politic developments and security risks. It is imperative to fathom major implications in view of geo-strategic policies of China, Sino-Pak relations and cutting-edge economic aspirations of both the countries. An endeavor has been attempted to explicate the financial insinuations of CPEC, prodding the ubiquitous economic tumult in Pakistan, cogitating the Omni-directional foreign policy of Sri Lanka with China. Implications of Chinese maritime developments in karnaphuli, Colombo and Naypyidaw have been expounded to comprehend the burgeoning template of maritime politics and aura of extra-regional players in South Asia. This study is qualitative in nature as methodology pertained to review the existing literature. Well-structured analysis of the lucid implications stemmed to cope with the prevalent ordeals, hampering the accomplishment of CPEC and simultaneously the development of Pakistan. Plausible conclusions were drawn to eschew the grey belts of fragile economy of Pakistan and restructured maritime subtleties in South Asia. Conclusions, extrapolated from the astute study of implications, may succor think tanks to contrive dynamics of foreign policy of Pakistan, ruminating over the rise and fall of global players.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Though pervasive and popular, entrepreneurial training programs do not have a systemized, established approach for evaluating their efficacy. Therefore, the effectiveness of the programs is not well understood, and the need to assess entrepreneurial training for experienced entrepreneurs is pressing. This study’s objective was to provide a strategy to use in judging entrepreneurial training efficacy employing frameworks and models available in entrepreneurial training and education, as well as organizational and management theories, such as the Theory of Planned Behavior. The research question was, "What is the efficacy of entrepreneurial training programs for experienced business owners." A conceptual model and propositions are presented as an inductive approach for future programs, along with the research findings on the efficacy of an entrepreneurial training program from the perspective of experienced business owners. The contribution of the study towards developing effective entrepreneurial training programs for experienced business owners is explored.
{"title":"Efficacy of Entrepreneurial Training Programs: Do They Make a Difference for Experienced Entrepreneurs?","authors":"Franne McNeal","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3226584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3226584","url":null,"abstract":"Though pervasive and popular, entrepreneurial training programs do not have a systemized, established approach for evaluating their efficacy. Therefore, the effectiveness of the programs is not well understood, and the need to assess entrepreneurial training for experienced entrepreneurs is pressing. This study’s objective was to provide a strategy to use in judging entrepreneurial training efficacy employing frameworks and models available in entrepreneurial training and education, as well as organizational and management theories, such as the Theory of Planned Behavior. The research question was, \"What is the efficacy of entrepreneurial training programs for experienced business owners.\" A conceptual model and propositions are presented as an inductive approach for future programs, along with the research findings on the efficacy of an entrepreneurial training program from the perspective of experienced business owners. The contribution of the study towards developing effective entrepreneurial training programs for experienced business owners is explored.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121397318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Science discovers the root causes of phenomena to explain and predict them in a context of adaptation of life to new economic and social bases, whereas scientific research is a systematic process, applying methods of scientific inquiry, to solve consequential problems, to satisfy human wants, to take advantage of important opportunities and/or to cope with environmental threats. This study shows that scientific research reflects social climate in which it is carried out and it is driven by social and economic interests of nations to achieve power, wealth creation, technological superiority, productivity growth, etc. A main implication of this study is scientific research is performed by nations to take advantage of important opportunities and/or to cope with environmental threats, such as in war. The empirical evidence seems in general to support the sources of scientific research described here. However, these conclusions are of course tentative. There is need for much more detailed theoretical and empirical research into the relations between science, society, economy and historical motivations. Keywords. Science progress, Scientific research, Wealth creation, Historical motivations, Social power, Economic war potential, Scientific superiority, Technological superiority, Basic research, Economics of science, Science & technology, R&D investments, Labor productivity. JEL. N30, O30, O31, I23.
{"title":"Motivations of Scientific Research in Society","authors":"M. Coccia","doi":"10.1453/JSAS.V5I3.1680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/JSAS.V5I3.1680","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Science discovers the root causes of phenomena to explain and predict them in a context of adaptation of life to new economic and social bases, whereas scientific research is a systematic process, applying methods of scientific inquiry, to solve consequential problems, to satisfy human wants, to take advantage of important opportunities and/or to cope with environmental threats. This study shows that scientific research reflects social climate in which it is carried out and it is driven by social and economic interests of nations to achieve power, wealth creation, technological superiority, productivity growth, etc. A main implication of this study is scientific research is performed by nations to take advantage of important opportunities and/or to cope with environmental threats, such as in war. The empirical evidence seems in general to support the sources of scientific research described here. However, these conclusions are of course tentative. There is need for much more detailed theoretical and empirical research into the relations between science, society, economy and historical motivations. Keywords. Science progress, Scientific research, Wealth creation, Historical motivations, Social power, Economic war potential, Scientific superiority, Technological superiority, Basic research, Economics of science, Science & technology, R&D investments, Labor productivity. JEL. N30, O30, O31, I23.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123118002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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