首页 > 最新文献

Economic Anthropology eJournal最新文献

英文 中文
Persistent Stigma: Attributes, Positioning and Ties That (Do Not) Work in Business for the Historically Stigmatized 持久的耻辱:属性,定位和联系(不)在商业上的历史耻辱
Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3371792
Prateek Raj, Pankaj Anand
Business-owners from historically stigmatized communities (HSCs) can face stigma and become victims of discrimination in business. In this paper, we argue that discrimination is uniquely persistent for HSC business-owners, while business-owners from other disadvantaged but non-stigmatized communities can overcome them. We use a detailed pan-India dataset - that includes more than eight thousand business-owners of various castes - to observe an array of business-owner characteristics. We analyze the sources of business income disadvantage, and document that HSC business-owners (Scheduled Castes in India) face a large income gap even if they have a similar socioeconomic background as other business-owners. Business-owners from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities that are not associated with stigma do not face an income gap if they are themselves socioeconomically at par. We document a greater business income gap for business-owners from HSCs that face greater stigma, and this disadvantage is greater in more relationship-based industries. We find within-community social capital with higher-status acquaintances to be highly resourceful for non-HSC business-owners, but not for HSC business-owners. Hence, beyond-community social capital becomes critical for the success of HSC business-owners, and policymakers should create inclusive spaces where such beyond-community social capital could be built.
来自历史上被污名化社区(hsc)的企业主可能面临污名化,并成为商业歧视的受害者。在本文中,我们认为歧视对HSC企业主来说是唯一持久的,而来自其他弱势但未被污名化的社区的企业主可以克服这些歧视。我们使用了一个详细的泛印度数据集——其中包括8000多名不同种姓的企业主——来观察一系列企业主的特征。我们分析了企业收入劣势的来源,并证明HSC企业主(印度的表列种姓)即使与其他企业主具有相似的社会经济背景,也面临着巨大的收入差距。来自社会经济弱势社区的企业主,如果他们本身在社会经济上处于同等水平,则不会面临收入差距。我们发现,来自社会经济弱势社区的企业主面临更大的耻辱,其企业收入差距更大,而且这种劣势在更多基于关系的行业中更大。我们发现,拥有较高社会地位的熟人的社区内社会资本对非HSC企业主具有较高的资源,而对HSC企业主则没有。因此,社区外社会资本对HSC企业主的成功至关重要,政策制定者应该创造包容性空间,以建立这种社区外社会资本。
{"title":"Persistent Stigma: Attributes, Positioning and Ties That (Do Not) Work in Business for the Historically Stigmatized","authors":"Prateek Raj, Pankaj Anand","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3371792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3371792","url":null,"abstract":"Business-owners from historically stigmatized communities (HSCs) can face stigma and become victims of discrimination in business. In this paper, we argue that discrimination is uniquely persistent for HSC business-owners, while business-owners from other disadvantaged but non-stigmatized communities can overcome them. We use a detailed pan-India dataset - that includes more than eight thousand business-owners of various castes - to observe an array of business-owner characteristics. We analyze the sources of business income disadvantage, and document that HSC business-owners (Scheduled Castes in India) face a large income gap even if they have a similar socioeconomic background as other business-owners. Business-owners from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities that are not associated with stigma do not face an income gap if they are themselves socioeconomically at par. We document a greater business income gap for business-owners from HSCs that face greater stigma, and this disadvantage is greater in more relationship-based industries. We find within-community social capital with higher-status acquaintances to be highly resourceful for non-HSC business-owners, but not for HSC business-owners. Hence, beyond-community social capital becomes critical for the success of HSC business-owners, and policymakers should create inclusive spaces where such beyond-community social capital could be built.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127483244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quelle collaboration public-privé pour l’intégration d’un projet minier à son territoire? Études de cas en Afrique de l'Ouest (Which Collaboration Between Public and Private Sectors for the Territorial Integration of a Mining Project? Case Studies in West Africa) 什么样的公私合作才能将采矿项目纳入其领土?西非案例研究(公共和私营部门为采矿项目的领土一体化进行了哪些合作?西非案例研究)
Pub Date : 2019-12-12 DOI: 10.18601/16578651.n26.05
P. Rey, M. Mazalto
Le boom de l’exploitation miniere en Afrique a souleve de nombreuses questions a propos du developpement regional dans les zones minieres et les synergies entre les secteurs prive et public. La position adoptee par la societe miniere et les Etats et les inegalites entre les differents acteurs participent a creer le flou dans la rela­tion public-prive et sa perception. A travers des travaux de recherche et d’ex­pertise realises entre 2008 et 2016 en Afrique de l’Ouest, nous proposons de reexaminer les roles et les responsabilites des parties prenantes dans la creation de synergies entre les secteurs prive et public. Nous explorerons les strategies deployees des deux cotes pour comprendre les interets qui influencent la mise en oeuvre des politiques.
非洲矿业的繁荣提出了许多关于矿区区域发展和私营部门和公共部门之间协同作用的问题。矿业公司和国家所采取的立场以及不同行动者之间的不平等导致了公私关系及其看法的模糊。通过2008年至2016年在西非开展的研究和专业知识,我们建议重新审视利益攸关方在创造私营部门和公共部门之间的协同作用方面的作用和责任。我们将探讨双方部署的策略,以了解影响政策实施的利益。
{"title":"Quelle collaboration public-privé pour l’intégration d’un projet minier à son territoire? Études de cas en Afrique de l'Ouest (Which Collaboration Between Public and Private Sectors for the Territorial Integration of a Mining Project? Case Studies in West Africa)","authors":"P. Rey, M. Mazalto","doi":"10.18601/16578651.n26.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16578651.n26.05","url":null,"abstract":"Le boom de l’exploitation miniere en Afrique a souleve de nombreuses questions a propos du developpement regional dans les zones minieres et les synergies entre les secteurs prive et public. La position adoptee par la societe miniere et les Etats et les inegalites entre les differents acteurs participent a creer le flou dans la rela­tion public-prive et sa perception. A travers des travaux de recherche et d’ex­pertise realises entre 2008 et 2016 en Afrique de l’Ouest, nous proposons de reexaminer les roles et les responsabilites des parties prenantes dans la creation de synergies entre les secteurs prive et public. Nous explorerons les strategies deployees des deux cotes pour comprendre les interets qui influencent la mise en oeuvre des politiques.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Disparate Outcomes from U.S. Domestic Migration 美国国内移民的不同结果
Pub Date : 2019-12-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3501886
B. Klemens
Economic models of migration, domestic and international, typically begin with the assumption that a moving household's primary goal is to attain higher income than it would earn by staying. This article uses administrative records for almost all people earning formal market income in the U.S., 2001-2015, totaling about 1.7 billion household observations with 82 million long-distance moves, to develop a detailed match between movers and comparable stayers and thus a comparison of movers' income changes relative to stayers. In aggregate, movers see about a median 1% gain in income after moving relative to the counterfactual of staying, with wide variance. Even a decade later, about two out of five households have lower income relative to staying, with an overall median relative income gain of about 6%. Pecuniary benefits are not evenly distributed: movers leaving school and younger single households without children are likely to see higher income relative to staying, but other movers, most notably single parents, are roughly half as likely to see a relative income gain. The overall story is a bifurcated population of movers. Roughly half move to higher income relative to staying, and the rest do not, indicating for whom the hypothesis of income maximization is difficult to support, and where future research about the many motives for moving may focus.
移民的经济模型,无论是国内的还是国际的,通常都是以这样的假设开始的:一个迁移家庭的主要目标是获得比留在原地更高的收入。本文使用了2001-2015年美国几乎所有获得正式市场收入的人的行政记录,总计约17亿个家庭观察,其中包括8200万次长途搬迁,以建立迁居者和可比较的留居者之间的详细匹配,从而比较迁居者相对于留居者的收入变化。总体而言,搬家者在搬家后的收入中位数比留在原地的收入增加了1%左右,差异很大。即使是十年后,仍有大约五分之二的家庭相对于留下来的收入有所下降,总体相对收入增幅中位数约为6%。经济上的收益并不是平均分配的:搬离学校和年轻的没有孩子的单身家庭的搬离者相对于留下来说可能会看到更高的收入,但其他搬离者,尤其是单亲父母,看到相对收入增加的可能性大约是前者的一半。总的来说,搬家的人口是分成两部分的。大约一半的人移居到收入更高的地方,而其余的人则没有,这表明收入最大化的假设很难得到支持,也表明未来关于移居动机的研究可能会集中在哪里。
{"title":"Disparate Outcomes from U.S. Domestic Migration","authors":"B. Klemens","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3501886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3501886","url":null,"abstract":"Economic models of migration, domestic and international, typically begin with the assumption that a moving household's primary goal is to attain higher income than it would earn by staying. This article uses administrative records for almost all people earning formal market income in the U.S., 2001-2015, totaling about 1.7 billion household observations with 82 million long-distance moves, to develop a detailed match between movers and comparable stayers and thus a comparison of movers' income changes relative to stayers. In aggregate, movers see about a median 1% gain in income after moving relative to the counterfactual of staying, with wide variance. Even a decade later, about two out of five households have lower income relative to staying, with an overall median relative income gain of about 6%. Pecuniary benefits are not evenly distributed: movers leaving school and younger single households without children are likely to see higher income relative to staying, but other movers, most notably single parents, are roughly half as likely to see a relative income gain. The overall story is a bifurcated population of movers. Roughly half move to higher income relative to staying, and the rest do not, indicating for whom the hypothesis of income maximization is difficult to support, and where future research about the many motives for moving may focus.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124034395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
WED Bibliography 我们参考书目
Pub Date : 2019-12-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3499811
Henry Wurts
This is the bibliography for Wurts, Henry. “An illustration of a modified-Machlup (mM) assessment for resolving when experts disagree (WED) issues as applied to three archetypal examples for model validation: Yule-Simpson Paradox (YSP), fair employee compensation (FEC), and Put-Call Parity (PCP)” (December 20, 2018), available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3304879.
这是伍尔茨的参考书目,亨利。“修正machlup (mM)评估用于解决专家意见不一致(WED)问题的说明,应用于模型验证的三个原型示例:Yule-Simpson悖论(YSP),公平员工薪酬(FEC)和买卖权平价(PCP)”(2018年12月20日),可在SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3304879上获得。
{"title":"WED Bibliography","authors":"Henry Wurts","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3499811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3499811","url":null,"abstract":"This is the bibliography for Wurts, Henry. “An illustration of a modified-Machlup (mM) assessment for resolving when experts disagree (WED) issues as applied to three archetypal examples for model validation: Yule-Simpson Paradox (YSP), fair employee compensation (FEC), and Put-Call Parity (PCP)” (December 20, 2018), available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3304879.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122761821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ecotourism and Economic Development 生态旅游与经济发展
Pub Date : 2019-11-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3488557
H. Nath
This article discusses some pertinent issues related to tourism, particularly ecotourism, and economic development in the context of Assam. It first discusses different types of tourism and how tourism benefits the local economy of the tourist destination. Then the discussion focuses on ecotourism. Finally, the article evaluates Assam’s potential for tourism in general and ecotourism in particular.
这篇文章讨论了一些有关旅游的相关问题,特别是生态旅游,以及阿萨姆邦的经济发展。它首先讨论了不同类型的旅游以及旅游如何使旅游目的地的当地经济受益。然后重点讨论生态旅游。最后,文章评估了阿萨姆邦的旅游潜力,特别是生态旅游。
{"title":"Ecotourism and Economic Development","authors":"H. Nath","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3488557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3488557","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses some pertinent issues related to tourism, particularly ecotourism, and economic development in the context of Assam. It first discusses different types of tourism and how tourism benefits the local economy of the tourist destination. Then the discussion focuses on ecotourism. Finally, the article evaluates Assam’s potential for tourism in general and ecotourism in particular.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122140176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Speed Rail Networks, Capacity Investments and Social Welfare 高铁网络、产能投资和社会福利
Pub Date : 2019-11-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3480356
Valentina Bracaglia, T. D'alfonso, A. Nastasi, Dian Sheng, Y. Wan, A. Zhang
Abstract In this paper, we analytically study the performance of two topologies of high-speed rail (HSR) networks: isolated-corridors and grid networks. We evaluate how HSR configuration affects capacity of newly developed infrastructure, profits and social welfare by considering a number of factors, namely economies of traffic density, market size, operating cost and cost of capital. Our investigations focus on a social welfare-maximizing entity which provides HSR train services as well as develops infrastructure. We find that although the grid network allows for more new markets, the isolated-corridors network may perform better in terms of social welfare when the cost of capital is high, the demand in the new markets established by the isolated-corridors network is high, the operating cost (excluding density effect) is high and the traffic density effect is weak. We also identify cases where the optimal network configuration in terms of social welfare may not be optimal in other aspects, such as capacity, consumer surplus and profits. For example, when the density effect is strong, grid network is likely to be socially optimal, but it faces more difficulty in recovering the invest cost comparing with the alterative network.
摘要本文分析研究了高铁网络的两种拓扑结构:隔离廊道网络和网格网络的性能。我们通过考虑交通密度经济、市场规模经济、运营成本经济和资金成本经济等多个因素,评估高铁配置对新建基础设施容量、利润和社会福利的影响。我们的调查重点是一个社会福利最大化的实体,它提供高铁列车服务,并开发基础设施。我们发现,尽管网格网络允许更多的新市场,但当资金成本高、孤立走廊网络建立的新市场需求高、运营成本(不包括密度效应)高、交通密度效应弱时,孤立走廊网络在社会福利方面表现更好。我们还确定了在社会福利方面的最优网络配置在其他方面(如产能、消费者剩余和利润)可能不是最优的情况。例如,当密度效应较强时,网格网络可能是社会最优的,但与备选网络相比,它在收回投资成本方面面临更大的困难。
{"title":"High-Speed Rail Networks, Capacity Investments and Social Welfare","authors":"Valentina Bracaglia, T. D'alfonso, A. Nastasi, Dian Sheng, Y. Wan, A. Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3480356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3480356","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we analytically study the performance of two topologies of high-speed rail (HSR) networks: isolated-corridors and grid networks. We evaluate how HSR configuration affects capacity of newly developed infrastructure, profits and social welfare by considering a number of factors, namely economies of traffic density, market size, operating cost and cost of capital. Our investigations focus on a social welfare-maximizing entity which provides HSR train services as well as develops infrastructure. We find that although the grid network allows for more new markets, the isolated-corridors network may perform better in terms of social welfare when the cost of capital is high, the demand in the new markets established by the isolated-corridors network is high, the operating cost (excluding density effect) is high and the traffic density effect is weak. We also identify cases where the optimal network configuration in terms of social welfare may not be optimal in other aspects, such as capacity, consumer surplus and profits. For example, when the density effect is strong, grid network is likely to be socially optimal, but it faces more difficulty in recovering the invest cost comparing with the alterative network.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117134024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Across the Sea to Ireland: Return Atlantic Migration before the First World War 横渡大海到爱尔兰:第一次世界大战前的大西洋移民回归
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3491676
A. Fernihough, C. Ó'Gráda
Are return migrants 'losers' who fail to adapt to the challenges of the host economy, and thereby exacerbate the brain drain linked to emigration? Or are they 'winners' whose return enhances the human and physical capital of the home country? These questions are the subject of a burgeoning literature. This paper analyze a new database culled from the 1911 Irish population census to address these issues for returnees to Ireland from North America more than a century ago. The evidence suggests that those who returned had the edge over the population as a whole in terms of human capital, if not also over those who remained abroad.
返乡移民是“失败者”吗?他们不能适应东道国经济的挑战,从而加剧了与移民有关的人才流失。或者他们是“赢家”,他们的回归增强了母国的人力和物质资本?这些问题是新兴文学的主题。本文分析了1911年爱尔兰人口普查的一个新数据库,以解决一个多世纪前从北美返回爱尔兰的这些问题。有证据表明,就人力资本而言,那些回国的人即使没有比留在国外的人更有优势,也比整体人口更有优势。
{"title":"Across the Sea to Ireland: Return Atlantic Migration before the First World War","authors":"A. Fernihough, C. Ó'Gráda","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3491676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3491676","url":null,"abstract":"Are return migrants 'losers' who fail to adapt to the challenges of the host economy, and thereby exacerbate the brain drain linked to emigration? Or are they 'winners' whose return enhances the human and physical capital of the home country? These questions are the subject of a burgeoning literature. This paper analyze a new database culled from the 1911 Irish population census to address these issues for returnees to Ireland from North America more than a century ago. The evidence suggests that those who returned had the edge over the population as a whole in terms of human capital, if not also over those who remained abroad.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129281555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Children’s Economic and Social Rights and Child Poverty: The State of Play 儿童经济和社会权利与儿童贫困:游戏状态
Pub Date : 2019-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/15718182-02801006
A. Nolan, K. Pells
This article focuses on both economic and social rights (esr) and child poverty. In doing so, it identifies and considers key developments and gaps in child rights scholarship (crs) in these areas. The authors’ treatment of these issues together is logical (albeit certainly not inevitable) given the strong connection between esr and poverty. Both are areas which have been under-explored in crs: esr have been historically under-theorised and marginalised in child rights research, whereas child poverty is an area that has received extensive academic attention but only a limited amount of this has been from a child rights perspective.The article begins by outlining the state of the existing theoretical child rights literature on esr, before going on to consider the growing body of crs focused on specific esr-thematic areas. The authors make clear the historic dominance of law in terms of child esr scholarship while flagging the increasing esr-focused/framed work emerging from other disciplines, arguing that this is evidence of an ever-wider and more multidisciplinary engagement with esr. Moving on to the topic of child poverty, the authors note that, with some notable exceptions, there has been a failure on the part of child rights scholars to engage with child poverty, a fact that is at least partially attributable to disciplinary disconnects: while crs (and esr scholarship in particular) has come to be dominated by lawyers to a large degree, much academic work on child poverty originates in economics, development studies and social policy. There is, however, some recognition by child poverty scholars (and more so by practitioners) that child poverty is a “child rights” issue, albeit that there is an ongoing failure on the part of child poverty scholarship to really come to terms with the complexities of child rights in terms of the implications of such for the definition and measurement of child poverty. The authors conclude by flagging future avenues for academic engagements with child esr and child poverty, considering both the ways in which existing scholarship may be enriched as well as the potential dangers that new directions may pose in terms of child esr specifically.
本文主要关注经济和社会权利(esr)以及儿童贫困问题。在此过程中,它确定并审议了这些领域中儿童权利研究的主要发展和差距。鉴于esr与贫困之间的紧密联系,作者将这些问题放在一起处理是合乎逻辑的(尽管肯定不是必然的)。这两个领域在儿童权利研究中都没有得到充分的探索:在儿童权利研究中,历史上对儿童社会责任的理论化程度一直很低,而且被边缘化,而儿童贫困是一个受到广泛学术关注的领域,但从儿童权利的角度来看,这方面的研究很少。本文首先概述了现有的儿童权利理论文献的现状,然后再考虑日益增多的以特定儿童权利专题领域为重点的研究报告。作者明确了法律在儿童esr学术方面的历史主导地位,同时标记了其他学科中出现的越来越多的以esr为重点/框架的工作,认为这是esr越来越广泛和多学科参与的证据。继续讨论儿童贫困问题,作者指出,除了一些明显的例外,儿童权利学者未能参与儿童贫困问题,这一事实至少部分归因于学科脱节:虽然crs(尤其是esr奖学金)在很大程度上由律师主导,但许多关于儿童贫困的学术工作起源于经济学、发展研究和社会政策。然而,儿童贫困学者(以及更多的从业者)已经认识到,儿童贫困是一个“儿童权利”问题,尽管儿童贫困研究一直未能真正理解儿童权利的复杂性,即儿童权利对儿童贫困的定义和衡量的影响。作者最后指出了未来与儿童esr和儿童贫困进行学术接触的途径,既考虑了现有学术可能丰富的方式,也考虑了新方向可能在儿童esr方面具体构成的潜在危险。
{"title":"Children’s Economic and Social Rights and Child Poverty: The State of Play","authors":"A. Nolan, K. Pells","doi":"10.1163/15718182-02801006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02801006","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on both economic and social rights (esr) and child poverty. In doing so, it identifies and considers key developments and gaps in child rights scholarship (crs) in these areas. The authors’ treatment of these issues together is logical (albeit certainly not inevitable) given the strong connection between esr and poverty. Both are areas which have been under-explored in crs: esr have been historically under-theorised and marginalised in child rights research, whereas child poverty is an area that has received extensive academic attention but only a limited amount of this has been from a child rights perspective.\u0000The article begins by outlining the state of the existing theoretical child rights literature on esr, before going on to consider the growing body of crs focused on specific esr-thematic areas. The authors make clear the historic dominance of law in terms of child esr scholarship while flagging the increasing esr-focused/framed work emerging from other disciplines, arguing that this is evidence of an ever-wider and more multidisciplinary engagement with esr. Moving on to the topic of child poverty, the authors note that, with some notable exceptions, there has been a failure on the part of child rights scholars to engage with child poverty, a fact that is at least partially attributable to disciplinary disconnects: while crs (and esr scholarship in particular) has come to be dominated by lawyers to a large degree, much academic work on child poverty originates in economics, development studies and social policy. There is, however, some recognition by child poverty scholars (and more so by practitioners) that child poverty is a “child rights” issue, albeit that there is an ongoing failure on the part of child poverty scholarship to really come to terms with the complexities of child rights in terms of the implications of such for the definition and measurement of child poverty. The authors conclude by flagging future avenues for academic engagements with child esr and child poverty, considering both the ways in which existing scholarship may be enriched as well as the potential dangers that new directions may pose in terms of child esr specifically.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129383790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Little Trailer Park on the Prairie: Determinants of Site Rents in Parks in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain States 草原上的小拖车公园:大平原和落基山脉国家公园场地租金的决定因素
Pub Date : 2019-10-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3472094
C. Becker, Brenda Garcia Lemus
Recent research has indicated that the manufactured housing industry is highly heterogeneous, mainly because both demand conditions and zoning restrictiveness vary enormously from one locale to another. There is little formal empirical work on the industry, especially in the low population density region that encompasses the Great Plains (including Texas) and Rocky Mountain states. Using a data set with nearly 60,000 manufactured housing sales transactions for the regions, we explore the determinants of park lot rents using a GMM 3SLS model. Both park lot rent levels, their determinants, and responses to local multi-family and single-family housing conditions vary from one economic region to another.
最近的研究表明,制造住房工业是高度异质的,主要是因为需求条件和分区限制在一个地方到另一个地方差别很大。关于该行业的正式实证研究很少,特别是在包括大平原(包括德克萨斯州)和落基山脉州在内的低人口密度地区。我们利用这些地区近6万套商品房销售交易的数据集,使用GMM 3SLS模型探讨了停车场租金的决定因素。停车场租金水平、其决定因素以及对当地多户和单户住房条件的反应因经济区域而异。
{"title":"Little Trailer Park on the Prairie: Determinants of Site Rents in Parks in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain States","authors":"C. Becker, Brenda Garcia Lemus","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3472094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3472094","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has indicated that the manufactured housing industry is highly heterogeneous, mainly because both demand conditions and zoning restrictiveness vary enormously from one locale to another. There is little formal empirical work on the industry, especially in the low population density region that encompasses the Great Plains (including Texas) and Rocky Mountain states. Using a data set with nearly 60,000 manufactured housing sales transactions for the regions, we explore the determinants of park lot rents using a GMM 3SLS model. Both park lot rent levels, their determinants, and responses to local multi-family and single-family housing conditions vary from one economic region to another.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116052750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenging the Current Shariah Screening Methodology Assessments in Kuala Lumpur Shariah Index (KLSI) 吉隆坡伊斯兰教法指数(KLSI)对现行伊斯兰教法筛选方法的挑战
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.6007/ijarafms/v9-i4/6844
Abdullah Ayedh, M. Kamaruddin, A. Shaharuddin
The purpose of this study is to explain the justification behind the current Shariah screening methodology assessments used by KLSI, which differs from other major Shariah screening methodology around the world. Besides, this study is also attempts to investigate on the intention to entitle Shariah-compliant status by Public Listed Companies (PLCs) in Malaysia. This study employed a series of interviews with five individuals who are involves with KLSI Shariah screening methodology as data collection procedure. Thus, this study found a number of justifications on the reasons behind the current Shariah screening methodology assessments used by KLSI. This includes reasons on the adoption of additional 20% tolerable percentage, additional criteria on corporate image and maslaha (public benefits) and also views on the leniency of current KLSI Shariah screening methodology assessments. Besides, this study also identified several measures to identify the intention to entitle Shariah-compliant status by PLCs. This includes voluntary application, effort of de-listed PLCs to be listed as Shariah-compliant for the following year, impact of Shariah-compliant status especially on the share prices and potential investors, good corporate image on maintaining Shariah-compliant status and the core value of the business. Then, this study also provide several recommendations to be considered for future improvement especially on Shariah screening methodology assessment.
本研究的目的是解释KLSI目前使用的伊斯兰教法筛选方法评估背后的理由,这与世界上其他主要的伊斯兰教法筛选方法不同。此外,本研究也试图探讨马来西亚上市公司(plc)的合规性意向。本研究采用了一系列的访谈五个人参与KLSI伊斯兰教法筛选方法作为数据收集程序。因此,本研究发现了KLSI目前使用的伊斯兰教法筛选方法评估背后的一些理由。这包括采用额外20%可容忍百分比的原因、企业形象和公共利益的额外标准,以及对目前KLSI伊斯兰教法筛选方法评估的宽容度的看法。此外,本研究还确定了几项措施,以确定plc授予伊斯兰教法合规地位的意图。这包括自愿申请、退市plc在下一年努力成为符合伊斯兰教法的上市公司、符合伊斯兰教法地位的影响,特别是对股价和潜在投资者的影响、保持符合伊斯兰教法地位的良好企业形象和业务的核心价值。然后,本研究还提供了一些建议,以考虑未来的改进,特别是对伊斯兰教法筛选方法的评估。
{"title":"Challenging the Current Shariah Screening Methodology Assessments in Kuala Lumpur Shariah Index (KLSI)","authors":"Abdullah Ayedh, M. Kamaruddin, A. Shaharuddin","doi":"10.6007/ijarafms/v9-i4/6844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarafms/v9-i4/6844","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to explain the justification behind the current Shariah screening methodology assessments used by KLSI, which differs from other major Shariah screening methodology around the world. Besides, this study is also attempts to investigate on the intention to entitle Shariah-compliant status by Public Listed Companies (PLCs) in Malaysia. This study employed a series of interviews with five individuals who are involves with KLSI Shariah screening methodology as data collection procedure. Thus, this study found a number of justifications on the reasons behind the current Shariah screening methodology assessments used by KLSI. This includes reasons on the adoption of additional 20% tolerable percentage, additional criteria on corporate image and maslaha (public benefits) and also views on the leniency of current KLSI Shariah screening methodology assessments. Besides, this study also identified several measures to identify the intention to entitle Shariah-compliant status by PLCs. This includes voluntary application, effort of de-listed PLCs to be listed as Shariah-compliant for the following year, impact of Shariah-compliant status especially on the share prices and potential investors, good corporate image on maintaining Shariah-compliant status and the core value of the business. Then, this study also provide several recommendations to be considered for future improvement especially on Shariah screening methodology assessment.","PeriodicalId":120099,"journal":{"name":"Economic Anthropology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129104439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
期刊
Economic Anthropology eJournal
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1