"Youths with happy emotions and strong religious faith, it can be assumed, experience increased resiliency when dealing with unexpected and challenging events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. To examine this assumption, a study involving 229 Christian youths, all students at public and private universities in Sabah, Malaysia, was conducted. Participants had a mean age of 22.09 years (SD = 4.34) and were predominantly female (179; male = 49; undisclosed = 1). The study found that happiness contributed 4.7% of the variance of the participant’s resilience, while their religious faith contributed 4.1%. Furthermore, the Christian faith showed a moderation effect on the effect of happiness on resiliency. To wit, youths with high levels of happiness and strong Christian faith demonstrated high resiliency, and this finding supports the abovementioned research assumption. Therefore, it is suggested that when facing life challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic, young adults ought to create a positive ambience, e.g., promoting happiness, enhancing religious faith via daily prayer, perceiving faith as a source of comfort and life’s purpose, and engaging in faith-based/church activities as a way to strengthen resiliency."
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF HAPPINESS AND RELIGIOUS FAITH ON CHRISTIAN YOUTH’S RESILIENCY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"G. C. A. Gang, Eric Manuel Torres","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact085","url":null,"abstract":"\"Youths with happy emotions and strong religious faith, it can be assumed, experience increased resiliency when dealing with unexpected and challenging events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. To examine this assumption, a study involving 229 Christian youths, all students at public and private universities in Sabah, Malaysia, was conducted. Participants had a mean age of 22.09 years (SD = 4.34) and were predominantly female (179; male = 49; undisclosed = 1). The study found that happiness contributed 4.7% of the variance of the participant’s resilience, while their religious faith contributed 4.1%. Furthermore, the Christian faith showed a moderation effect on the effect of happiness on resiliency. To wit, youths with high levels of happiness and strong Christian faith demonstrated high resiliency, and this finding supports the abovementioned research assumption. Therefore, it is suggested that when facing life challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic, young adults ought to create a positive ambience, e.g., promoting happiness, enhancing religious faith via daily prayer, perceiving faith as a source of comfort and life’s purpose, and engaging in faith-based/church activities as a way to strengthen resiliency.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120917776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"In GD and IGD, both at the preclinical level of problem game and at the clinical level of pathological game, altered states of consciousness are observed during the game and shortly before. In the scientific literature, they are called flow-state, dark flow, game trance, game intoxication, and so on. During these states, the person loses touch with reality, the real life situation completely detached from life's problems and concerns, and associated emotional experiences and is transformed into the space of the game. Self-identification is disrupted, as a result of which the player identifies with the game character, the avatar-hero of the game, or with the network character. In addition, the perception of time and memory of events during the game is disrupted. These states themselves become very desirable and attractive to players and contribute to the emergence of a pathological desire to constantly participate in the game in order to repeat an unusual experience. In this review of research, based on the materials of numerous researches and own clinical practice, it is demonstrated that such altered states of consciousness can contribute to the formation of addiction, lead to negative psychosocial consequences and comorbid psychopathology. It also shows how the game industry induces such states with certain psychotechnical methods. Materials from clinical and neurobiological studies were used for the analysis. Electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed, PsychINFO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science and Google Scholar."
“在GD和IGD中，无论是在问题游戏的临床前水平，还是在病理游戏的临床水平，在游戏期间和游戏前不久，都观察到意识状态的改变。在科学文献中，它们被称为流态、暗流、游戏恍惚、游戏中毒等。在这些状态中，玩家失去了与现实的联系，现实生活情境完全脱离了生活中的问题和担忧，以及相关的情感体验，并被转化为游戏空间。由于玩家认同游戏角色、游戏中的虚拟英雄或网络角色，自我认同被打乱了。此外，玩家在游戏过程中对时间的感知和对事件的记忆也会受到干扰。这些状态本身对玩家来说变得非常有吸引力，并促使玩家产生一种病态的欲望，即不断参与游戏以重复不寻常的体验。在本文的研究回顾中，基于大量的研究材料和自己的临床实践，证明了这种意识状态的改变可以促进成瘾的形成，导致负面的社会心理后果和共病的精神病理。它还展示了游戏产业是如何通过某些心理技术方法诱导这种状态的。来自临床和神经生物学研究的资料被用于分析。电子文献检索使用PubMed、PsychINFO、ScienceDirect、Web of Science和Google Scholar。”
{"title":"ALTERED STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN GAMBLING AND INTERNET GAMING DISORDERS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR ADDICTION","authors":"T. Zinchenko, E. Shatochin","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact062","url":null,"abstract":"\"In GD and IGD, both at the preclinical level of problem game and at the clinical level of pathological game, altered states of consciousness are observed during the game and shortly before. In the scientific literature, they are called flow-state, dark flow, game trance, game intoxication, and so on. During these states, the person loses touch with reality, the real life situation completely detached from life's problems and concerns, and associated emotional experiences and is transformed into the space of the game. Self-identification is disrupted, as a result of which the player identifies with the game character, the avatar-hero of the game, or with the network character. In addition, the perception of time and memory of events during the game is disrupted. These states themselves become very desirable and attractive to players and contribute to the emergence of a pathological desire to constantly participate in the game in order to repeat an unusual experience. In this review of research, based on the materials of numerous researches and own clinical practice, it is demonstrated that such altered states of consciousness can contribute to the formation of addiction, lead to negative psychosocial consequences and comorbid psychopathology. It also shows how the game industry induces such states with certain psychotechnical methods. Materials from clinical and neurobiological studies were used for the analysis. Electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed, PsychINFO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science and Google Scholar.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121362124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Understanding social, economic, and psychological factors are important for promoting elderly health. Rowe and Kahn (1997) described three main components for ""successful aging"" (SA): avoiding disability and disease, high cognitive and physical capacities, and active engagement in one's life. Psychological dimensions (i.e., personality) have not been sufficiently studied yet. However, they could be considered to define SA. This study aimed to determine whether physical, cognitive, social, and personality factors were associated with SA. A total of 2109 participants living at home (53.39% men; mage =75,38±8.11) – from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE dataset release 7.0.0 of 2017) – completed questionnaires measuring physical (mobility, number of diseases, IADL, BMI) and cognitive (memory, executive function) health, social engagement, and personality (Big Five Inventory). These variables were gathered into three distinct blocks: sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex), model’s Rowe and Kahn variables (physical, cognitive, social engagement), and personality. SA was assessed by the Euro depression scale. A correlation matrix was computed to examine the interrelationships between all variables. We then performed linear regression analysis when it was appropriate. A higher level of motor and cognitive abilities correlated with a lower level of depressive symptoms (r=0.34; p<.001; r=-.20; p<.001; r=-.17; p<.001). The number of diseases was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r=0.26; p<.001). The more engaged people were, the fewer depressive symptoms they had (r=0.09; p=.019). An effect of the level of education on depressive symptoms (F(5,847)= 7.06; p<.001) was found: people with a higher educational level had a lower depression score than those with a lower educational level. A lower level of neuroticism, higher level of agreeableness, and conscientiousness were significantly correlated with a lower level of depressive symptoms (r=0.41; p<.001; r=-.09; p<.028; r=-.08; p=.028). Linear regression analyses showed that personality variables explained 11% of the variance of depression scores, beyond sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex) (9%) and variables in the Rowe and Kahn model (10%). The three blocks, all together, explained 29% of the variance of the depression scores. In line with Rowe and Kahn’s model (1997), results showed that physical, cognitive, and social factors from the SHARE study partially explained SA (i.e., absence of depressive symptoms here). Interestingly, personality variables also explained a significant proportion of depressive symptoms. Personality may have an important role in addressing SA: adapting the care as well as the prevention to encourage the elderly to engage in physical, social, or cognitive activities."
{"title":"SUCCESSFUL AGING: THE CONTRIBUTION OF PERSONALITY VARIABLES","authors":"Elina Van Dendaele, K. Pothier, Nathalie Bailly","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact035","url":null,"abstract":"\"Understanding social, economic, and psychological factors are important for promoting elderly health. Rowe and Kahn (1997) described three main components for \"\"successful aging\"\" (SA): avoiding disability and disease, high cognitive and physical capacities, and active engagement in one's life. Psychological dimensions (i.e., personality) have not been sufficiently studied yet. However, they could be considered to define SA. This study aimed to determine whether physical, cognitive, social, and personality factors were associated with SA. A total of 2109 participants living at home (53.39% men; mage =75,38±8.11) – from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE dataset release 7.0.0 of 2017) – completed questionnaires measuring physical (mobility, number of diseases, IADL, BMI) and cognitive (memory, executive function) health, social engagement, and personality (Big Five Inventory). These variables were gathered into three distinct blocks: sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex), model’s Rowe and Kahn variables (physical, cognitive, social engagement), and personality. SA was assessed by the Euro depression scale. A correlation matrix was computed to examine the interrelationships between all variables. We then performed linear regression analysis when it was appropriate. A higher level of motor and cognitive abilities correlated with a lower level of depressive symptoms (r=0.34; p<.001; r=-.20; p<.001; r=-.17; p<.001). The number of diseases was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r=0.26; p<.001). The more engaged people were, the fewer depressive symptoms they had (r=0.09; p=.019). An effect of the level of education on depressive symptoms (F(5,847)= 7.06; p<.001) was found: people with a higher educational level had a lower depression score than those with a lower educational level. A lower level of neuroticism, higher level of agreeableness, and conscientiousness were significantly correlated with a lower level of depressive symptoms (r=0.41; p<.001; r=-.09; p<.028; r=-.08; p=.028). Linear regression analyses showed that personality variables explained 11% of the variance of depression scores, beyond sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex) (9%) and variables in the Rowe and Kahn model (10%). The three blocks, all together, explained 29% of the variance of the depression scores. In line with Rowe and Kahn’s model (1997), results showed that physical, cognitive, and social factors from the SHARE study partially explained SA (i.e., absence of depressive symptoms here). Interestingly, personality variables also explained a significant proportion of depressive symptoms. Personality may have an important role in addressing SA: adapting the care as well as the prevention to encourage the elderly to engage in physical, social, or cognitive activities.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123311798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"The clinical retrospective study of 120 subjects involved in the process of assessment during psychological evaluation and hospital treatment of severe mental disorder will be presented. Violent criminal act is a direct manifestation of release of aggressive potential, but it can be triggered also by psychotic symptoms like delusions and hallucinations. A sample of 60 subjects hospitalized at the forensic unit of psychiatric department were assessed using Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and compared to 60 subjects from general psychiatric wards. Beside descriptive statistical methods univariate and multivariate analysis of variance was performed to test hypothesis of significant differences in PAI aggression scale (AGG) and antisocial clinical scale (ANT) and subscales (aggressive attitude AGG-A, verbal aggression AGG-V, physical aggression AGG-P, Egocentricity ANT-E, Antisocial Behaviors ANT-A and Stimulus Seeking ANT-S) as well as VPI index between groups. Higher scores on the ANT scale were found in the group of forensic in-patients compared to patients from general psychiatric wards and a negative correlation between age and ANT score."
{"title":"\"ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENCES IN AGGRESSIVE POTENTIAL AND ANTISOCIAL TRAITS IN HOSPITALIZED FORENSIC PATIENTS USING PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT INVENTORY (PAI)\"","authors":"Anica Prosnik Domjan","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact005","url":null,"abstract":"\"The clinical retrospective study of 120 subjects involved in the process of assessment during psychological evaluation and hospital treatment of severe mental disorder will be presented. Violent criminal act is a direct manifestation of release of aggressive potential, but it can be triggered also by psychotic symptoms like delusions and hallucinations. A sample of 60 subjects hospitalized at the forensic unit of psychiatric department were assessed using Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and compared to 60 subjects from general psychiatric wards. Beside descriptive statistical methods univariate and multivariate analysis of variance was performed to test hypothesis of significant differences in PAI aggression scale (AGG) and antisocial clinical scale (ANT) and subscales (aggressive attitude AGG-A, verbal aggression AGG-V, physical aggression AGG-P, Egocentricity ANT-E, Antisocial Behaviors ANT-A and Stimulus Seeking ANT-S) as well as VPI index between groups. Higher scores on the ANT scale were found in the group of forensic in-patients compared to patients from general psychiatric wards and a negative correlation between age and ANT score.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115958405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"The LexiaD font was developed for Russian-speaking people with reading disorders (dyslexia) (Alexeeva et al., 2020). LexiaD demonstrated an advantage in letter feature extraction and information integration over other modern Cyrillic fonts (PT Sans and PT Serif) while reading by primary school dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. However, for dyslexic and non-dyslexic adolescents, the familiar Arial font was more effective (Alexeeva, Zubov, 2020). In this study, we tested two possible reasons for the advantages of Arial: familiarity or its structure. LexiaD was compared to Times New Roman (TNR; another familiar font) and Roboto (a font similar to Arial, but less familiar than TNR) when reading texts printed on a paper page. The study involved 42 adults without reading disorders. The previous studies did not show that the font effect interacts with the participant group (with/without dyslexia). The participants read silently three parts of the text about Easter Island and answered comprehension questions. The texts and tasks were borrowed from The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). During the reading, eye movements were recorded using a mobile tracker (PupilCore) with a sampling frequency of 200 Hz. The mean word reading rate (reading speed) and the mean number of fixations per word were analyzed. Mixed-design ANOVA showed a significant difference between the fonts in reading speed (p=0.05) and the number of fixations (p=0.03). LexiaD was inferior to Roboto in both measures. There was no evidence that the control fonts differed from each other or LexiaD differed from TNR. Thus, it could be assumed that the design made Arial a facilitating font in the previous study. A longitudinal study of LexiaD is required to test how it will perform when it becomes more familiar to readers."
“lexad字体是为有阅读障碍(阅读障碍)的俄语人群开发的(Alexeeva et al.， 2020)。在小学读写困难儿童和非读写困难儿童的阅读中，lexad字体在字母特征提取和信息整合方面优于其他现代西里尔字体(PT Sans和PT Serif)。然而，对于阅读困难和非阅读困难的青少年，熟悉的Arial字体更有效(Alexeeva, Zubov, 2020)。在这项研究中，我们测试了Arial优势的两个可能原因:熟悉度或其结构。将lexad与Times New Roman (TNR;另一种熟悉的字体)和Roboto(一种类似于Arial的字体，但不如TNR那么熟悉)在阅读打印在纸上的文本时。这项研究涉及42名没有阅读障碍的成年人。先前的研究没有显示字体效应与参与者组(有/没有阅读障碍)相互作用。参与者默读有关复活节岛的课文的三个部分，并回答理解性问题。教材和任务都是从国际学生评估项目(PISA)借来的。在阅读过程中，使用采样频率为200hz的移动跟踪器(core)记录眼球运动。分析了平均单词阅读速率(阅读速度)和平均每个单词的注视次数。混合设计方差分析显示，字体在阅读速度(p=0.05)和注视次数(p=0.03)方面存在显著差异。在这两方面，lexad都不如Roboto。没有证据表明对照字体彼此不同，也没有证据表明lexad与TNR不同。因此，可以假设在前面的研究中，设计使Arial成为一种方便的字体。我们需要对lexad进行纵向研究，以测试当读者更熟悉它时，它的表现如何。”
{"title":"LEXIAD, THE FIRST DYSLEXIA-SPECIFIC CYRILLIC FONT COMPARED TO THE POPULAR TIMES NEW ROMAN AND ROBOTO FONTS WHEN READ BY ADULTS","authors":"S. Alexeeva, Vladislav Zubov, Yana Nikonova","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact104","url":null,"abstract":"\"The LexiaD font was developed for Russian-speaking people with reading disorders (dyslexia) (Alexeeva et al., 2020). LexiaD demonstrated an advantage in letter feature extraction and information integration over other modern Cyrillic fonts (PT Sans and PT Serif) while reading by primary school dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. However, for dyslexic and non-dyslexic adolescents, the familiar Arial font was more effective (Alexeeva, Zubov, 2020). In this study, we tested two possible reasons for the advantages of Arial: familiarity or its structure. LexiaD was compared to Times New Roman (TNR; another familiar font) and Roboto (a font similar to Arial, but less familiar than TNR) when reading texts printed on a paper page. The study involved 42 adults without reading disorders. The previous studies did not show that the font effect interacts with the participant group (with/without dyslexia). The participants read silently three parts of the text about Easter Island and answered comprehension questions. The texts and tasks were borrowed from The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). During the reading, eye movements were recorded using a mobile tracker (PupilCore) with a sampling frequency of 200 Hz. The mean word reading rate (reading speed) and the mean number of fixations per word were analyzed. Mixed-design ANOVA showed a significant difference between the fonts in reading speed (p=0.05) and the number of fixations (p=0.03). LexiaD was inferior to Roboto in both measures. There was no evidence that the control fonts differed from each other or LexiaD differed from TNR. Thus, it could be assumed that the design made Arial a facilitating font in the previous study. A longitudinal study of LexiaD is required to test how it will perform when it becomes more familiar to readers.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132646949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"This research paper addresses ethical considerations for surveillance in education and the educational policy frameworks that regulate human computer interactions of vulnerable and marginalized groups with emerging and disruptive technologies for both punitive and well-being measures. Over the span of two years, qualitative data was collected in the form of semi-structured interviews and participant background surveys and reflections on practice, provided staff perspectives and knowledge about vulnerable and marginalized populations, and technology policies related to known surveillance of staff during work hours in schools. In 1959, Goffman proposed that human beings attempt to control other’s impressions of them and that these impressions are often confined to spatially defined social establishments. As such, the concept of impression management and selective expression are the focus of this paper in an attempt to consider the how educational policy has evolved and areas of growth still needed or considered unattainable. School policies have grown to encompass the creation of safe spaces (and brave spaces) for LGBTQ2 individuals to be welcomed into the profession and community. Changes reflect gender neutral bathrooms, and the identification of pronouns on name tags, and social media where individuals are asked to identify which gender they relate to (she/hers, he/his, they/them, undeclared). However, the message of concealment is still apparent in other ways. The need to separate personal emails from work/school life correspondence is one way school districts have communicated the need to conceal identity, associations, personal interests, thoughts and emotions. Of a similar theme is the concept of responsibilization. This paper considers Karaian’s (2014) examination of responsibilization “through the lens of critical whiteness, queer, girlhood/young feminists and porn studies’ theorizations of the politics of sexual respectability and sexual subjectification” in an effort to revisit colonization present in schools, the Canadian Centre for Child Protection (2011) “Respect Yourself” campaign and the role of surveillance for keeping students safe. Results from the study indicate that seven of the eight participants in the study did not consider a person in the role of a teacher or administrator to be part of the vulnerable or marginalized population. Of the administrators polled, surveillance of colleagues (i.e. teachers) was often reported to them through students and parent reports of behaviour and included requests to IT staff for monitoring of teachers on site during work hours. IT staff also understood that policing ‘sexting’ was both difficult to do and the responsibility of teachers in the classroom."
{"title":"CONSEQUENCES OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENTWHEN LOOKING GOOD ONLINE IS MORE ABOUT SADISM THAN TRUTH","authors":"Stephanie A. Sadownik","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact061","url":null,"abstract":"\"This research paper addresses ethical considerations for surveillance in education and the educational policy frameworks that regulate human computer interactions of vulnerable and marginalized groups with emerging and disruptive technologies for both punitive and well-being measures. Over the span of two years, qualitative data was collected in the form of semi-structured interviews and participant background surveys and reflections on practice, provided staff perspectives and knowledge about vulnerable and marginalized populations, and technology policies related to known surveillance of staff during work hours in schools. In 1959, Goffman proposed that human beings attempt to control other’s impressions of them and that these impressions are often confined to spatially defined social establishments. As such, the concept of impression management and selective expression are the focus of this paper in an attempt to consider the how educational policy has evolved and areas of growth still needed or considered unattainable. School policies have grown to encompass the creation of safe spaces (and brave spaces) for LGBTQ2 individuals to be welcomed into the profession and community. Changes reflect gender neutral bathrooms, and the identification of pronouns on name tags, and social media where individuals are asked to identify which gender they relate to (she/hers, he/his, they/them, undeclared). However, the message of concealment is still apparent in other ways. The need to separate personal emails from work/school life correspondence is one way school districts have communicated the need to conceal identity, associations, personal interests, thoughts and emotions. Of a similar theme is the concept of responsibilization. This paper considers Karaian’s (2014) examination of responsibilization “through the lens of critical whiteness, queer, girlhood/young feminists and porn studies’ theorizations of the politics of sexual respectability and sexual subjectification” in an effort to revisit colonization present in schools, the Canadian Centre for Child Protection (2011) “Respect Yourself” campaign and the role of surveillance for keeping students safe. Results from the study indicate that seven of the eight participants in the study did not consider a person in the role of a teacher or administrator to be part of the vulnerable or marginalized population. Of the administrators polled, surveillance of colleagues (i.e. teachers) was often reported to them through students and parent reports of behaviour and included requests to IT staff for monitoring of teachers on site during work hours. IT staff also understood that policing ‘sexting’ was both difficult to do and the responsibility of teachers in the classroom.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132021795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Pashoja, Asmae Doukani, Naim Fanaj, G. Qirjako, Andia Meksi, S. Mustafa, Christiaan Vis, J. Hug
"Background: The use of digital mental health (MH) programs such as internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) hold promise in increasing the quality and access of MH services. However very little research has been conducted in understanding the feasibility of implementing iCBT in Eastern Europe. Methods: We used qualitative semi-structured focus group discussions (FGDs) that were guided by Bryan Weiner’s model of organisational readiness for implementing change. The questions broadly explored shared determination to implement change, (change commitment), and shared belief in their collective capability to do so (change efficacy). Data were collected between November and December 2017. A range of healthcare professionals working in and in association with the CMHCs were recruited from three CMHCs in Albania, and four CMHCs in Kosovo, which are participating in a large multinational trial on the implementation of iCBT across nine countries (Horizon 2020 ImpleMentAll project). Data were analysed using a directed approach to qualitative content analysis, which used a combination of both inductive and deductive approaches. Results: Six FGDs involving 69 MH care professionals were conducted. Participants from Kosovo (n=36, 52%) and Albania (n=33, 48%) were mostly female (n=48, 69.9%) and nurses (n=26, 37.7%), with an average age of 41.3 years. A qualitative directed content analysis revealed several barriers and facilitators potentially affecting the implementation of digital CBT interventions for depression in community MH settings. While commitment for change was high, change efficacy was limited due to a range of situational factors. Barriers impacting ‘change efficacy’ included lack of clinical fit for iCBT, high stigma affecting help-seeking behaviours, lack of human resources, poor technological infrastructure, and high caseload. Facilitators included having a high interest and capability in receiving training for iCBT. For ‘change commitment’, participants largely expressed welcoming innovation and that iCBT could increase access to treatments for geographically isolated people, and reduce the stigma associated with MH care. Conclusions: In all, participants perceived iCBT positively in relation to promoting innovation in MH care, increasing access to services and reducing stigma. On the other hand, a range of barriers were also highlighted in relation to accessing the target treatment population, a culture of MH stigma, underdeveloped ICT infrastructure and limited appropriately trained healthcare workforce, that reduce organisational readiness for implementing iCBT for depression. Such barriers may be addressed through, (a) a public facing campaign that addresses MH stigma, (b) service-level adjustments that permit staff with the time, resources and clinical supervision to deliver iCBT, and (c) establishment of suitable clinical training curriculum for healthcare professionals."
{"title":"ORGANISATIONAL READINESS FOR IMPLEMENTING INTERNET-BASED COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL INTERVENTIONS FOR DEPRESSION ACROSS COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN ALBANIA AND KOSOVO","authors":"A. Pashoja, Asmae Doukani, Naim Fanaj, G. Qirjako, Andia Meksi, S. Mustafa, Christiaan Vis, J. Hug","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact012","url":null,"abstract":"\"Background: The use of digital mental health (MH) programs such as internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) hold promise in increasing the quality and access of MH services. However very little research has been conducted in understanding the feasibility of implementing iCBT in Eastern Europe. Methods: We used qualitative semi-structured focus group discussions (FGDs) that were guided by Bryan Weiner’s model of organisational readiness for implementing change. The questions broadly explored shared determination to implement change, (change commitment), and shared belief in their collective capability to do so (change efficacy). Data were collected between November and December 2017. A range of healthcare professionals working in and in association with the CMHCs were recruited from three CMHCs in Albania, and four CMHCs in Kosovo, which are participating in a large multinational trial on the implementation of iCBT across nine countries (Horizon 2020 ImpleMentAll project). Data were analysed using a directed approach to qualitative content analysis, which used a combination of both inductive and deductive approaches. Results: Six FGDs involving 69 MH care professionals were conducted. Participants from Kosovo (n=36, 52%) and Albania (n=33, 48%) were mostly female (n=48, 69.9%) and nurses (n=26, 37.7%), with an average age of 41.3 years. A qualitative directed content analysis revealed several barriers and facilitators potentially affecting the implementation of digital CBT interventions for depression in community MH settings. While commitment for change was high, change efficacy was limited due to a range of situational factors. Barriers impacting ‘change efficacy’ included lack of clinical fit for iCBT, high stigma affecting help-seeking behaviours, lack of human resources, poor technological infrastructure, and high caseload. Facilitators included having a high interest and capability in receiving training for iCBT. For ‘change commitment’, participants largely expressed welcoming innovation and that iCBT could increase access to treatments for geographically isolated people, and reduce the stigma associated with MH care. Conclusions: In all, participants perceived iCBT positively in relation to promoting innovation in MH care, increasing access to services and reducing stigma. On the other hand, a range of barriers were also highlighted in relation to accessing the target treatment population, a culture of MH stigma, underdeveloped ICT infrastructure and limited appropriately trained healthcare workforce, that reduce organisational readiness for implementing iCBT for depression. Such barriers may be addressed through, (a) a public facing campaign that addresses MH stigma, (b) service-level adjustments that permit staff with the time, resources and clinical supervision to deliver iCBT, and (c) establishment of suitable clinical training curriculum for healthcare professionals.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128757031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ranieri, Federica Guerra, E. Cilli, D. Di Giacomo, Claudio Ferri
"Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a chronic non-communicable illness that causes more than half of all deaths across Europe. 80% of premature heart disease and stroke is preventable by effective measures availability for people at high risk. However, many such interventions are not being implemented and managed by patients. Managing such illness requires mastering self-care. Objective. Aim of our study was to identify predictive factors of illness management by evaluating emotional characteristics, emotion regulation, and self-care process in young CVD outpatients. Methods. An observational study was conducted. 61 patients, age 18–75 years (M 56.4 ± sd 12.0), diagnosed with CVD participated in the study. The psychological battery was administered during clinical follow-up: Self Care of Chronic Illness Inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, World Health Organization Quality of Life – Bref, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Results. The sample showed mild Anxiety and Stress degree, low Self-care, Social relationship, and emotional Clarity. First, participants were distributed into two groups by median age: Young (Y) and Old (O). Statistical analysis showed significant lower Psychological health (p = 0.03) and higher Non acceptance of emotional responses (p = 0.02) in O group. Then, participants were distributed in two groups by timing from CVD diagnosis: Early Disease (ED) and Long Disease (LD). One Way ANOVA showed lower emotional Awareness (p=0.03) in LD group. Controlling for diagnosis timing, negative Pearson’s correlations emerged between difficulties in emotion regulation domains and self-care monitoring, self-efficacy and QoL. Conclusions. Poor adherence to CVD pharmacological therapy could be addressed by identifying the emotional characteristics, subjective emotion ability, and self-care process of patients who are or may be at risk of non-persistence. The psychological screening and tailored psychological support on these predictive factors may result in clinical benefits."
{"title":"SELF-CARE PROCESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON OUTPATIENTS’ PATHWAY","authors":"J. Ranieri, Federica Guerra, E. Cilli, D. Di Giacomo, Claudio Ferri","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact031","url":null,"abstract":"\"Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a chronic non-communicable illness that causes more than half of all deaths across Europe. 80% of premature heart disease and stroke is preventable by effective measures availability for people at high risk. However, many such interventions are not being implemented and managed by patients. Managing such illness requires mastering self-care. Objective. Aim of our study was to identify predictive factors of illness management by evaluating emotional characteristics, emotion regulation, and self-care process in young CVD outpatients. Methods. An observational study was conducted. 61 patients, age 18–75 years (M 56.4 ± sd 12.0), diagnosed with CVD participated in the study. The psychological battery was administered during clinical follow-up: Self Care of Chronic Illness Inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, World Health Organization Quality of Life – Bref, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Results. The sample showed mild Anxiety and Stress degree, low Self-care, Social relationship, and emotional Clarity. First, participants were distributed into two groups by median age: Young (Y) and Old (O). Statistical analysis showed significant lower Psychological health (p = 0.03) and higher Non acceptance of emotional responses (p = 0.02) in O group. Then, participants were distributed in two groups by timing from CVD diagnosis: Early Disease (ED) and Long Disease (LD). One Way ANOVA showed lower emotional Awareness (p=0.03) in LD group. Controlling for diagnosis timing, negative Pearson’s correlations emerged between difficulties in emotion regulation domains and self-care monitoring, self-efficacy and QoL. Conclusions. Poor adherence to CVD pharmacological therapy could be addressed by identifying the emotional characteristics, subjective emotion ability, and self-care process of patients who are or may be at risk of non-persistence. The psychological screening and tailored psychological support on these predictive factors may result in clinical benefits.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131289745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Social and emotional learning is an integral part of human education and development and is the process through which everyone, children, and adults develop the skills, attitudes, and values necessary to acquire social and emotional competence (CASEL, 2020). Good emotional management, greater motivation, and awareness of oneself and the people around us, impact the quality of life, contribute to satisfaction and participation in the work context. But the challenges and the transition that adults face through their adult life are diverse: ranging from transition to adult identity to playing a constellation of roles from which derive many responsibilities as to the end of the working career. The main objective of the study is to observe how the different stages of adult life are characterized by social and emotional skills. A second goal is to understand the relationships holding between SE skills, wellbeing experienced, and future time perspective. A total of 212 participants living in North East of Italy were surveyed for their Socioemotional skills, future time perspective, and wellbeing. According to their age, three groups were identified: emerging, young and middle-aged adults. The study confirms the specificity of Social and Emotional Competences (SECs) across adult development. Regression-based mediation models were estimated to test the direct and indirect effects between dimensions addressed. The analyses evidenced the mediation role of social and emotional skills in the relationship between future temporal perspective and psychological wellbeing. The model highlights the predictive effect of time perspective on CSEs, which have a predictive effect on psychological wellbeing. The results highlight the critical role of socioemotional skills for understanding the complex relationship between FTP and subjective wellbeing. Additionally, Social and Emotional Learning must be considered an integral part of adult education and lifelong learning and guide prevention and support actions."
{"title":"UNRAVELING THE ROLE OF SOCIO-EMOTIONAL COMPETENCIES BETWEEN FUTURE TIME PERSPECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING ACROSS ADULTHOOD","authors":"T. Sgaramella, Laura Foresta","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact030","url":null,"abstract":"\"Social and emotional learning is an integral part of human education and development and is the process through which everyone, children, and adults develop the skills, attitudes, and values necessary to acquire social and emotional competence (CASEL, 2020). Good emotional management, greater motivation, and awareness of oneself and the people around us, impact the quality of life, contribute to satisfaction and participation in the work context. But the challenges and the transition that adults face through their adult life are diverse: ranging from transition to adult identity to playing a constellation of roles from which derive many responsibilities as to the end of the working career. The main objective of the study is to observe how the different stages of adult life are characterized by social and emotional skills. A second goal is to understand the relationships holding between SE skills, wellbeing experienced, and future time perspective. A total of 212 participants living in North East of Italy were surveyed for their Socioemotional skills, future time perspective, and wellbeing. According to their age, three groups were identified: emerging, young and middle-aged adults. The study confirms the specificity of Social and Emotional Competences (SECs) across adult development. Regression-based mediation models were estimated to test the direct and indirect effects between dimensions addressed. The analyses evidenced the mediation role of social and emotional skills in the relationship between future temporal perspective and psychological wellbeing. The model highlights the predictive effect of time perspective on CSEs, which have a predictive effect on psychological wellbeing. The results highlight the critical role of socioemotional skills for understanding the complex relationship between FTP and subjective wellbeing. Additionally, Social and Emotional Learning must be considered an integral part of adult education and lifelong learning and guide prevention and support actions.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128138043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Neglect of children and youth by their parents severely affects children’s development. Unfortunately, literature on child neglect focuses on professional discourse while rarely examining the views of children and youth themselves. This lacuna is interwoven with the broader issue of children’s expectations of their parents, which are also scarcely studied. This study aims to gain a more nuanced understanding of youth life experiences, focusing on two related and complementary issues: their expectations of parents and their perceptions of child neglect. The study employed a qualitative paradigm focusing on the meanings and interpretation of social phenomena and social processes in context. Data were gathered via focus group discussions from a total of 31 youth, through purposive sampling according to age (13 and 14) and ethnic affiliation (Muslim Arabs in northern Israel), and thematically analyzed. The data analysis showed that youth expectations of their parents reflect their perceptions of neglect. Four themes arose: emotional wellbeing, responsibility and supervision, guidance and companionship, and providing material needs. The findings highlight the need to include voices representing diverse groups in the population, as part of context-informed perception in discourses of parenting and child neglect. These voices provide a platform for examining the complexity inherent in negotiating neglect in the unique context of youth, and the importance of recognizing their unique perceptions. The voices raised the importance of emotional and psychological needs for the youths’ wellbeing and development to a greater extent than material and physical needs."
{"title":"ARAB YOUTHS’ EXPECTATIONS OF PARENTS AND PERCEPTIONS OF CHILD NEGLECT","authors":"Ibtisam Marey-Sarwan","doi":"10.36315/2022inpact088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact088","url":null,"abstract":"\"Neglect of children and youth by their parents severely affects children’s development. Unfortunately, literature on child neglect focuses on professional discourse while rarely examining the views of children and youth themselves. This lacuna is interwoven with the broader issue of children’s expectations of their parents, which are also scarcely studied. This study aims to gain a more nuanced understanding of youth life experiences, focusing on two related and complementary issues: their expectations of parents and their perceptions of child neglect. The study employed a qualitative paradigm focusing on the meanings and interpretation of social phenomena and social processes in context. Data were gathered via focus group discussions from a total of 31 youth, through purposive sampling according to age (13 and 14) and ethnic affiliation (Muslim Arabs in northern Israel), and thematically analyzed. The data analysis showed that youth expectations of their parents reflect their perceptions of neglect. Four themes arose: emotional wellbeing, responsibility and supervision, guidance and companionship, and providing material needs. The findings highlight the need to include voices representing diverse groups in the population, as part of context-informed perception in discourses of parenting and child neglect. These voices provide a platform for examining the complexity inherent in negotiating neglect in the unique context of youth, and the importance of recognizing their unique perceptions. The voices raised the importance of emotional and psychological needs for the youths’ wellbeing and development to a greater extent than material and physical needs.\"","PeriodicalId":120251,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Applications and Trends","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123528262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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