Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100310
Wenyan Zhang , Xiaohui Song , Xianbin Wang , Zhongliang Jiang , Xu Hong , Tianyuan Lei , Yonghua Cui
Background and objectives
The co-occurrence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and emotional dysregulation is highly prevalent. This study aims to explore potential subgroups within child and adolescent cohorts concerning ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation.
Methods
The sample comprised 13,207 children and adolescents aged 4–16 years diagnosed with ADHD recruited from outpatient services at the Beijing Children's Hospital. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify subgroups based on ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation across different age groups (children, 4–9 years, vs. adolescents, 10–16 years). Furthermore, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to compare differences in behavioral problems, cognitive impairments, and social dysfunctions among these subgroups.
Results
We identified four distinct latent subgroups in children and three in adolescents. Significant differences in behavioral problems, cognitive impairments, and social dysfunctions were observed across these subgroups in both cohorts. Subgroups with high levels of ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation exhibited more severe functional impairments across both age groups.
Conclusions
This study highlights developmental variations in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation, underscoring the need for tailored interventions based on age-specific profiles.
{"title":"Functional impairments in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and emotional dysregulation subgroups: A latent profile analysis in a large cohort of 13,207 children and adolescents","authors":"Wenyan Zhang , Xiaohui Song , Xianbin Wang , Zhongliang Jiang , Xu Hong , Tianyuan Lei , Yonghua Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>The co-occurrence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and emotional dysregulation is highly prevalent. This study aims to explore potential subgroups within child and adolescent cohorts concerning ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample comprised 13,207 children and adolescents aged 4–16 years diagnosed with ADHD recruited from outpatient services at the Beijing Children's Hospital. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify subgroups based on ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation across different age groups (children, 4–9 years, vs. adolescents, 10–16 years). Furthermore, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to compare differences in behavioral problems, cognitive impairments, and social dysfunctions among these subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified four distinct latent subgroups in children and three in adolescents. Significant differences in behavioral problems, cognitive impairments, and social dysfunctions were observed across these subgroups in both cohorts. Subgroups with high levels of ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation exhibited more severe functional impairments across both age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights developmental variations in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and emotional dysregulation, underscoring the need for tailored interventions based on age-specific profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100309
Carl Zhou , Nicholas Fabiano , Stanley Wong , Philip Yu , Henry Cheng , Risa Shorr , Marco Solmi
Background
There is growing research on therapeutic benefits of animals. However, their impact on suicide-related outcomes such as suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and suicide deaths remains unclear. This scoping review consolidates existing literature on the role of pet ownership and animal assisted therapy (AAT) on suicide-related outcomes.
Methods
A PRISMA-compliant systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was conducted up to March 10, 2025. Articles reporting the impact of pet ownership or AAT on SI, SA, or suicide deaths were included. Screening and data extraction were performed in duplicate, with risk of bias assessed using appropriate tools for each study design except for case reports and interviews. Study findings were descriptively summarized.
Results
25 studies were included: one RCT, five pre- and post-studies, two cohort studies, one case-control study, three case reports/series, and 13 surveys/interviews. For pet ownership, a cohort study (n=709) found a positive association between time with dog and SI (r=0.17, p<0.001). Two other observational studies yielded non-significant results against suicide deaths. For AAT, one pre- and post-study of veterans (n=71) reported significant SI reductions (t(54)=4.87, p<0.001) while another pre- and post-study of adolescents (n=30) also found significant SI reductions (χ² McNemar=6.75; p<0.05). Four other experimental studies, including one RCT, yielded non-significant results. Qualitative findings suggested pet ownership and AAT may have a perceived protective effect against SI. No articles reported on SA. Most articles had a high or moderate risk of bias.
Conclusion
While there is a reported perceived protective effect of pet ownership and AAT against SI, the evidence for pet ownership and AAT remains inconclusive in relations to SI, SA, and suicide deaths. Future research should focus on high-quality with stringent methodology, large-scale, experimental studies with standardized outcome measures to clarify the role of animals in suicide prevention.
{"title":"Impact of pet ownership and animal-assisted therapy on suicidal ideation and suicide deaths: A scoping review","authors":"Carl Zhou , Nicholas Fabiano , Stanley Wong , Philip Yu , Henry Cheng , Risa Shorr , Marco Solmi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There is growing research on therapeutic benefits of animals. However, their impact on suicide-related outcomes such as suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and suicide deaths remains unclear. This scoping review consolidates existing literature on the role of pet ownership and animal assisted therapy (AAT) on suicide-related outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A PRISMA-compliant systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was conducted up to March 10, 2025. Articles reporting the impact of pet ownership or AAT on SI, SA, or suicide deaths were included. Screening and data extraction were performed in duplicate, with risk of bias assessed using appropriate tools for each study design except for case reports and interviews. Study findings were descriptively summarized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>25 studies were included: one RCT, five pre- and post-studies, two cohort studies, one case-control study, three case reports/series, and 13 surveys/interviews. For pet ownership, a cohort study (n=709) found a positive association between time with dog and SI (r=0.17, p<0.001). Two other observational studies yielded non-significant results against suicide deaths. For AAT, one pre- and post-study of veterans (n=71) reported significant SI reductions (t(54)=4.87, p<0.001) while another pre- and post-study of adolescents (n=30) also found significant SI reductions (χ² McNemar=6.75; p<0.05). Four other experimental studies, including one RCT, yielded non-significant results. Qualitative findings suggested pet ownership and AAT may have a perceived protective effect against SI. No articles reported on SA. Most articles had a high or moderate risk of bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While there is a reported perceived protective effect of pet ownership and AAT against SI, the evidence for pet ownership and AAT remains inconclusive in relations to SI, SA, and suicide deaths. Future research should focus on high-quality with stringent methodology, large-scale, experimental studies with standardized outcome measures to clarify the role of animals in suicide prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100307
A Toll , D Bergé , L Martínez-Sadurní , A Trabsa , V Perez-Sola , A Mané
Background and Objectives
Hyperprolactinemia is a common and well-known side effect of antipsychotic treatment. However, prolactin levels are elevated in drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, which suggests that the association between prolactin and psychosis may be more complex than previously thought. One possible hypothesis to explain this association is that prolactin has a neuroprotective effect mediated by BDNF.
Methods
50 drug- naïve FEP were included and clinical characteristics as DUP; tobacco and cannabis use; and BMI were assessed. The PANSS and GAF questionnaires were administered. Fasting blood samples were obtained to determine prolactin, TSH, and BDNF levels. All statistical analyses were performed in the whole sample and stratified by sex.
Results
Of the 50 patients, 42 % had hyperprolactinemia (33.3 % of males and 55 % of females). Prolactin levels were negatively correlated with baseline GAF scores in the whole sample and in females but not in males. Prolactin levels were positively and independently associated (regardless of sex, age, BMI, TSH level, tobacco or cannabis use) with BDNF levels.
Conclusions
Prolactin secretion may be dysregulated in drug-naïve FEP, which implies that hyperprolactinemia—a common condition in FEP —may not be solely attributable to antipsychotic treatment. Elevated prolactin levels could reflect a physiological response designed to protect the central nervous system in certain critical situations. This neuroprotective effect could be mediated by increasing BDNF levels. Hyperprolactinemia is common in antipsychotic-naïve FEP. This study shows that higher prolactin levels are associated with elevated BDNF levels, suggesting a neuroprotective effect mediated through BDNF in this patient population.
{"title":"Hyperprolactinemia in drug-naïve first episode psychosis and its association with BDNF levels","authors":"A Toll , D Bergé , L Martínez-Sadurní , A Trabsa , V Perez-Sola , A Mané","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>Hyperprolactinemia is a common and well-known side effect of antipsychotic treatment. However, prolactin levels are elevated in drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, which suggests that the association between prolactin and psychosis may be more complex than previously thought. One possible hypothesis to explain this association is that prolactin has a neuroprotective effect mediated by BDNF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>50 drug- naïve FEP were included and clinical characteristics as DUP; tobacco and cannabis use; and BMI were assessed. The PANSS and GAF questionnaires were administered. Fasting blood samples were obtained to determine prolactin, TSH, and BDNF levels. All statistical analyses were performed in the whole sample and stratified by sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 50 patients, 42 % had hyperprolactinemia (33.3 % of males and 55 % of females). Prolactin levels were negatively correlated with baseline GAF scores in the whole sample and in females but not in males. Prolactin levels were positively and independently associated (regardless of sex, age, BMI, TSH level, tobacco or cannabis use) with BDNF levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prolactin secretion may be dysregulated in drug-naïve FEP, which implies that hyperprolactinemia—a common condition in FEP —may not be solely attributable to antipsychotic treatment. Elevated prolactin levels could reflect a physiological response designed to protect the central nervous system in certain critical situations. This neuroprotective effect could be mediated by increasing BDNF levels. Hyperprolactinemia is common in antipsychotic-naïve FEP. This study shows that higher prolactin levels are associated with elevated BDNF levels, suggesting a neuroprotective effect mediated through BDNF in this patient population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100308
Ling Gui , Haiyan Yu , Yuxin Wei , Qichao Huang , Yuyao Liu , Yixiao Fu
Objective
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a systemic indicator of inflammation and stress, shows inconsistent associations with bipolar disorder (BD). This meta-analysis will investigate NLR's diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic relevance in BD.
Methods
A systematic search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library, using key terms ‘bipolar disorder’, ‘neutrophils’, ‘lymphocytes’, and ‘ratio’ yielded 31 studies assessed via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses and publication bias assessments were conducted to explore heterogeneity sources and result stability.
Results
The NLR values in BDs were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (HCs) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.51, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.40–0.62, p < 0.0001; odds ratio [OR] = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.27–2.74, p = 0.001). The association was most pronounced between bipolar mania (BDM) and HC (SMD = 0.67, 95 % CI: 0.57–0.76, p < 0.0001, I² = 47 %). Additionally, BDM exhibited higher NLR than bipolar depression (BDD) and bipolar patients in euthymic episode (BDE) (SMD = 0.22, 95 % CI: 0.07–0.38, p = 0.04, I² = 42 %; SMD = 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.15–0.48, p = 0.0001, I² = 60 %, respectively). No significant differences were observed between BDD and HC (SMD = 0.30, 95 % CI: -0.05–0.64, p = 0.09). Subgroup analyses suggested that age may influence the association between NLR and BD.
Conclusion
An elevated NLR value is found in BD, particularly in BDM. However, the difference between BDD and HC is not statistically significant. NLR may be a potent biomarker for the identification and evaluation of BD.
目的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率（NLR）是炎症和应激的系统性指标，与双相情感障碍（BD）的相关性不一致。本荟萃分析将调查NLR在bd中的诊断、预后和治疗相关性。方法系统搜索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、PsycINFO和Cochrane图书馆，使用关键词“双相情感障碍”、“中性粒细胞”、“淋巴细胞”和“比率”，获得31项研究，通过纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估。通过敏感性分析、亚组分析和发表偏倚评估来探索异质性来源和结果稳定性。结果bd组NLR值显著高于健康对照组（HCs）(标准化平均差值[SMD] = 0.51, 95%可信区间[CI]: 0.40 ~ 0.62, p <；0.0001;优势比[OR] = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.27-2.74, p = 0.001)。双相躁狂症（BDM）与HC的相关性最为显著(SMD = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.57-0.76, p <；0.0001, i²= 47%)。此外，BDM患者的NLR高于双相抑郁症（BDD）和双相心境发作（BDE）患者(SMD = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07-0.38, p = 0.04, I²= 42%；SMD = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.15 ~ 0.48, p = 0.0001, I²= 60%)。BDD与HC之间无显著差异（SMD = 0.30, 95% CI: -0.05 ~ 0.64, p = 0.09）。亚组分析显示，年龄可能影响NLR与BD之间的关系。结论NLR值在BD中升高，尤其是在BDM中。然而，BDD和HC之间的差异没有统计学意义。NLR可能是识别和评估双相障碍的有效生物标志物。
{"title":"Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ling Gui , Haiyan Yu , Yuxin Wei , Qichao Huang , Yuyao Liu , Yixiao Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a systemic indicator of inflammation and stress, shows inconsistent associations with bipolar disorder (BD). This meta-analysis will investigate NLR's diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic relevance in BD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library, using key terms ‘bipolar disorder’, ‘neutrophils’, ‘lymphocytes’, and ‘ratio’ yielded 31 studies assessed via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses and publication bias assessments were conducted to explore heterogeneity sources and result stability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The NLR values in BDs were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (HCs) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.51, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.40–0.62, <em>p</em> < 0.0001; odds ratio [OR] = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.27–2.74, <em>p</em> = 0.001). The association was most pronounced between bipolar mania (BDM) and HC (SMD = 0.67, 95 % CI: 0.57–0.76, <em>p</em> < 0.0001, I² = 47 %). Additionally, BDM exhibited higher NLR than bipolar depression (BDD) and bipolar patients in euthymic episode (BDE) (SMD = 0.22, 95 % CI: 0.07–0.38, <em>p</em> = 0.04, I² = 42 %; SMD = 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.15–0.48, <em>p</em> = 0.0001, I² = 60 %, respectively). No significant differences were observed between BDD and HC (SMD = 0.30, 95 % CI: -0.05–0.64, <em>p</em> = 0.09). Subgroup analyses suggested that age may influence the association between NLR and BD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An elevated NLR value is found in BD, particularly in BDM. However, the difference between BDD and HC is not statistically significant. NLR may be a potent biomarker for the identification and evaluation of BD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100303
Alessandro Miola , Leonardo Tondo , Ross J. Baldessarini
Background and Objectives
Characteristics of women and men with bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD) have been described with inconsistent findings requiring additional assessment.
Methods
We evaluated clinical characteristics in 4466 consecutive, extensively evaluated mood disorder patients (1491 BD, 2975 MDD; 2795 women, 1671 men) using standard bivariate statistics and multivariable logistic regression modeling.
Results
Diagnosis of MDD occurred 2.28- (women) to 1.62- (men) times more than BD, but prevalence of type II BD (BD2) and type I (BD1) did not differ by gender. BD women had more familial mood disorders, early sexual abuse, anxious or cyclothymic temperament, depressive first episodes, depression–[hypo]mania–interval (DMI) and rapid-cycling course, as well as greater %-time depressed in prospective follow-up, with more suicide attempts but fewer suicides than BD men. BD women also showed more co-occurring anxiety disorder, eating disorder and medical comorbidity, including metabolic disorders and cancer, but lower rates of ADHD and substance-abuse than BD men. MDD women experienced more religious activity, sexual abuse, anxious or cyclothymic temperament, co-occurring eating disorder and medical comorbidity as well as less substance-abuse and ADHD than MDD men but did not differ from men in measures of prospective morbidity.
Conclusions
Many characteristics were selectively associated with women with mood disorders, but prospective morbidity was similar by gender except for greater %-time depressed among BD women. Limited ethnic diversity and treatment in specialized centers may affect generalizability of these findings to other settings.
{"title":"Gender differences in 4466 mood disorder patients","authors":"Alessandro Miola , Leonardo Tondo , Ross J. Baldessarini","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>Characteristics of women and men with bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD) have been described with inconsistent findings requiring additional assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We evaluated clinical characteristics in 4466 consecutive, extensively evaluated mood disorder patients (1491 BD, 2975 MDD; 2795 women, 1671 men) using standard bivariate statistics and multivariable logistic regression modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diagnosis of MDD occurred 2.28- (women) to 1.62- (men) times more than BD, but prevalence of type II BD (BD2) and type I (BD1) did not differ by gender. BD women had more familial mood disorders, early sexual abuse, anxious or cyclothymic temperament, depressive first episodes, depression–[hypo]mania–interval (DMI) and rapid-cycling course, as well as greater %-time depressed in prospective follow-up, with more suicide attempts but fewer suicides than BD men. BD women also showed more co-occurring anxiety disorder, eating disorder and medical comorbidity, including metabolic disorders and cancer, but lower rates of ADHD and substance-abuse than BD men. MDD women experienced more religious activity, sexual abuse, anxious or cyclothymic temperament, co-occurring eating disorder and medical comorbidity as well as less substance-abuse and ADHD than MDD men but did not differ from men in measures of prospective morbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Many characteristics were selectively associated with women with mood disorders, but prospective morbidity was similar by gender except for greater %-time depressed among BD women. Limited ethnic diversity and treatment in specialized centers may affect generalizability of these findings to other settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Individuals with schizophrenia commonly exhibit cognitive biases that are related to the disorder's symptoms.
Objective
To review the current evidence on the characteristics and efficacy of psychological interventions targeting cognitive biases in individuals with schizophrenia.
Method
Systematic review registered in PROSPERO. A bibliographic search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2024. The search focused on quantitative studies using the following keyword sequence: (schizophreni* OR psychosis OR psychoses OR psychotic*) AND (cogniti* OR think*) AND (bias* OR error*) AND (treatment OR therapy OR intervention OR training).
Results
A total of 38 studies assessed psychological interventions targeting cognitive biases in schizophrenia, with most focusing on Metacognitive Training (MCT). These interventions were found to significantly improve cognitive biases and positive symptoms, with promising effects on other symptoms,such as insight, negative symptoms, or self-esteem.
Conclusions
The evidence linking cognitive biases to schizophrenia symptomatology is reinforced. Additionally, it is shown that improving cognitive biases may be an important therapeutic goal in the treatment of the disorder.
精神分裂症患者通常表现出与疾病症状相关的认知偏差。目的综述针对精神分裂症患者认知偏差的心理干预的特点和效果。方法在PROSPERO注册系统评价。在PsycINFO， PubMed， Scopus和Web of Science中进行了文献检索，截止到2024年1月。搜索集中于使用以下关键字序列的定量研究：（精神分裂症*或精神病或精神病或精神病*）和（认知*或思考*）和（偏差*或错误*）和（治疗或治疗或干预或培训）。结果共有38项研究评估了针对精神分裂症认知偏差的心理干预措施，其中大部分集中在元认知训练（MCT）上。研究发现，这些干预措施显著改善了认知偏差和阳性症状，对其他症状（如洞察力、阴性症状或自尊）也有希望产生效果。结论认知偏差与精神分裂症症状学联系的证据得到加强。此外，研究表明，改善认知偏差可能是治疗该疾病的重要治疗目标。
{"title":"Psychological interventions to improve cognitive biases in people with schizophrenia: A systematic review","authors":"Marcel Gratacós-Torras , Esther Pousa , Susana Ochoa , Josep Manel Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Individuals with schizophrenia commonly exhibit cognitive biases that are related to the disorder's symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To review the current evidence on the characteristics and efficacy of psychological interventions targeting cognitive biases in individuals with schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Systematic review registered in PROSPERO. A bibliographic search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2024. The search focused on quantitative studies using the following keyword sequence: (schizophreni* OR psychosis OR psychoses OR psychotic*) AND (cogniti* OR think*) AND (bias* OR error*) AND (treatment OR therapy OR intervention OR training).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 38 studies assessed psychological interventions targeting cognitive biases in schizophrenia, with most focusing on Metacognitive Training (MCT). These interventions were found to significantly improve cognitive biases and positive symptoms, with promising effects on other symptoms,such as insight, negative symptoms, or self-esteem.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The evidence linking cognitive biases to schizophrenia symptomatology is reinforced. Additionally, it is shown that improving cognitive biases may be an important therapeutic goal in the treatment of the disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100300
Javier Domingo-Espiñeira , Andrea Varaona-Santos , Francisco J. Lara Abelenda , María Montero , Emilio Fernandez-Egea , Leticia I Muñoz-Manchado , Miguel A. Ortega , Melchor Álvarez-Mon , Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon
Background and objectives
Social Media Listening has become essential for understanding societal attitudes about mental health. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on Spanish-language discussions and long-term analyses. This study aims to investigate the evolution of Spanish and English public discourse on nine psychiatric disorders over 15 years on X, identifying frequently addressed topics and associated emotions.
Methods
We collected and analyzed tweets in English and Spanish from 2007 to 2022, referring to nine psychiatric disorders (autism, ADHD, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive episode, anxiety, addictions, insomnia, and suicide). Advanced topic modeling and sentiment analysis were applied.
Results
The study revealed differences in tweet volumes across disorders and languages. Anxiety was the most prevalent term in both Spanish and English tweets. Spanish discussions emphasized insomnia and suicide attempts, while English tweets highlighted autism and schizophrenia. Tweets about bipolar disorder, depressive episode, and addictions were consistently low in both languages. Over time, Spanish tweets on insomnia, anxiety, and suicide attempts increased, while English tweets on autism, anxiety, suicide attempts, and schizophrenia spiked in 2018 and 2019. Topic modeling indicated that Spanish tweets focused on personal experiences with mental disorders and their impact on life, primarily associated with anger, fear, sadness, and joy. English tweets centered on social awareness and advocacy, eliciting fear, followed by treatment and prevention, associated with fear and sadness.
Conclusions
Despite fewer discussions on X about severe mental disorders like bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and addictions, X serves as a supportive environment for mental health discourse. Spanish-speaking users share personal experiences, fostering self-expression, while English users promote social awareness and advocacy. This highlights X's role in normalizing mental health conversations, reducing stigma, and increasing support.
{"title":"Mental illness discussion variations on X: Topic modelling and sentiment analysis","authors":"Javier Domingo-Espiñeira , Andrea Varaona-Santos , Francisco J. Lara Abelenda , María Montero , Emilio Fernandez-Egea , Leticia I Muñoz-Manchado , Miguel A. Ortega , Melchor Álvarez-Mon , Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Social Media Listening has become essential for understanding societal attitudes about mental health. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on Spanish-language discussions and long-term analyses. This study aims to investigate the evolution of Spanish and English public discourse on nine psychiatric disorders over 15 years on X, identifying frequently addressed topics and associated emotions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected and analyzed tweets in English and Spanish from 2007 to 2022, referring to nine psychiatric disorders (autism, ADHD, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive episode, anxiety, addictions, insomnia, and suicide). Advanced topic modeling and sentiment analysis were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed differences in tweet volumes across disorders and languages. Anxiety was the most prevalent term in both Spanish and English tweets. Spanish discussions emphasized insomnia and suicide attempts, while English tweets highlighted autism and schizophrenia. Tweets about bipolar disorder, depressive episode, and addictions were consistently low in both languages. Over time, Spanish tweets on insomnia, anxiety, and suicide attempts increased, while English tweets on autism, anxiety, suicide attempts, and schizophrenia spiked in 2018 and 2019. Topic modeling indicated that Spanish tweets focused on personal experiences with mental disorders and their impact on life, primarily associated with anger, fear, sadness, and joy. English tweets centered on social awareness and advocacy, eliciting fear, followed by treatment and prevention, associated with fear and sadness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite fewer discussions on X about severe mental disorders like bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and addictions, X serves as a supportive environment for mental health discourse. Spanish-speaking users share personal experiences, fostering self-expression, while English users promote social awareness and advocacy. This highlights X's role in normalizing mental health conversations, reducing stigma, and increasing support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100305
Joaquim Soler , Maria Arqueros , Carlos Schmidt , Daniela Otero , Anna Soria-Madrid , María José Campins , Anna Catalan , Elisabet Casellas , Rocío Espeso , Juan Carlos Pascual
Background and Objectives
Dialectical thinking is a core component of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), characterized by the synthesis of seemingly opposing ideas to develop a more comprehensive perspective. This study aimed to create a reliable and valid instrument for measuring dialectical thinking.
Method
We analyzed the psychometric properties of the Dialectical Thinking Scale in a mixed sample of 205 participants. Factor structure with both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, reliability, test-retest stability, sensitivity to change, and convergent validity were evaluated.
Results
The final resulting questionnaire consisted of a 5-item self-reported scale. The analyses revealed a distinct two-factor structure: "Both Sides" (the capacity to recognize and accept opposing perspectives as simultaneously valid, thereby fostering cognitive flexibility and reducing polarized thinking) and "Both Sides in Me" (the ability to integrate and accept internal contradictions). The scale exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81), and robust test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.82 for "Both Sides" and 0.64 for "Both Sides in Me"). The scale demonstrated satisfactory sensitivity to change after psychotherapeutic intervention and showed significant negative correlations with psychopathological symptoms.
Conclusions
This scale addresses a critical gap in clinical assessment tools for DBT and it holds promise for applications across mental disorders and social studies.
{"title":"Scale to measure dialectical thinking from dialectical behavior therapy perspective.","authors":"Joaquim Soler , Maria Arqueros , Carlos Schmidt , Daniela Otero , Anna Soria-Madrid , María José Campins , Anna Catalan , Elisabet Casellas , Rocío Espeso , Juan Carlos Pascual","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>Dialectical thinking is a core component of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), characterized by the synthesis of seemingly opposing ideas to develop a more comprehensive perspective. This study aimed to create a reliable and valid instrument for measuring dialectical thinking.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We analyzed the psychometric properties of the Dialectical Thinking Scale in a mixed sample of 205 participants. Factor structure with both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, reliability, test-retest stability, sensitivity to change, and convergent validity were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final resulting questionnaire consisted of a 5-item self-reported scale. The analyses revealed a distinct two-factor structure: \"Both Sides\" (the capacity to recognize and accept opposing perspectives as simultaneously valid, thereby fostering cognitive flexibility and reducing polarized thinking) and \"Both Sides in Me\" (the ability to integrate and accept internal contradictions). The scale exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81), and robust test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.82 for \"Both Sides\" and 0.64 for \"Both Sides in Me\"). The scale demonstrated satisfactory sensitivity to change after psychotherapeutic intervention and showed significant negative correlations with psychopathological symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This scale addresses a critical gap in clinical assessment tools for DBT and it holds promise for applications across mental disorders and social studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 100305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Fluctuations in mental health symptoms from recruitment to baseline: implications for eligibility in clinical trials\"","authors":"Juliane Piasssechi de Bernardin Gonçalves , Homero Vallada , Giancarlo Lucchetti","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100301
Javier Vera-Martínez , Francisco Díaz-Atienza , Pablo González-Domenech , Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas , Sara Jiménez-Fernández
{"title":"A 12-month follow-up study of self-harming behaviors in a sample of adolescents","authors":"Javier Vera-Martínez , Francisco Díaz-Atienza , Pablo González-Domenech , Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas , Sara Jiménez-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2025.100301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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