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Sleep features in alcohol use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of polysomnographic findings in case-control studies 酒精使用障碍的睡眠特征:病例对照研究中多导睡眠图结果的系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100231
Pingyuan Yang, Jiajun Weng, Xiao Huang

Background and objectives

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often linked to sleep problems, but previous studies on sleep abnormalities in AUD have produced inconsistent results. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of objectively measured sleep abnormalities in AUD and determine the impact of related and demographic factors on sleep disturbance.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases from 1968 to 2023 to identify relevant studies. A total of 12 studies, consisting of 13 datasets, were included in the analysis. We extracted information on sleep microarchitecture, as well as demographic and clinical features, from each study. The GRADE approach was used to assess the reliability and strength of the evidence.

Results

Patients with AUD exhibited several sleep abnormalities, including longer sleep onset latency, lower sleep efficiency, increased stage 1 sleep, decreased stage 2 sleep, reduced slow wave sleep, and elevated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep density and first REM minute. The sleep patterns in individuals with AUD were also influenced by factors such as ethnicity, age, gender, and abstinence period.

Conclusions

This study is the largest quantitative assessment of impaired sleep as a diagnostic marker in patients with AUD. Understanding the sleep patterns of individuals with AUD can assist clinicians in developing effective treatment plans for managing sleep-related symptoms associated with AUD.

背景和目的酒精使用障碍(AUD)通常与睡眠问题有关,但之前对AUD睡眠异常的研究得出了不一致的结果。本研究旨在对AUD患者客观测量的睡眠异常进行全面分析,确定相关因素和人口统计学因素对睡眠障碍的影响。方法对1968 - 2023年的多个数据库进行综合检索,找出相关研究。共有12项研究,包括13个数据集,被纳入分析。我们从每项研究中提取睡眠微结构信息,以及人口统计学和临床特征。GRADE方法用于评估证据的可靠性和强度。结果AUD患者表现出睡眠潜伏期延长、睡眠效率降低、第一阶段睡眠增加、第二阶段睡眠减少、慢波睡眠减少、快速眼动(REM)睡眠密度和第一快速眼动分钟增加等睡眠异常。AUD患者的睡眠模式也受到种族、年龄、性别和戒断期等因素的影响。结论本研究是对睡眠受损作为AUD患者诊断指标的最大规模定量评估。了解AUD患者的睡眠模式可以帮助临床医生制定有效的治疗计划,以管理与AUD相关的睡眠相关症状。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the relationship between COVID-19 and suicide in media coverage through Natural Language Processing analysis 通过自然语言处理分析研究媒体报道中新冠肺炎与自杀之间的关系
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100227
Hugo J. Bello , Nora Palomar-Ciria , Celia Lozano , Carlos Gutiérrez-Alonso , Enrique Baca-García

Background and objectives

Suicide is a major public health concern, media can influence its awareness, contagion, and prevention. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and suicide in media coverage through Natural Language Processing analysis (NPL).

Methods

To study how suicide is depicted in news media, Artificial Intelligence and Big Data techniques were used to analyze news and tweets, to extract or classify the topic to which they belonged.

Results

A granger causality analysis showed with significant p-value that an increase in covid news at the beginning of the pandemic explains a later rise in suicide-related news. An analysis based on correlation and structural causal models show a strong relationship between the appearance of subjects “health” and “covid”, and also between “covid” and “suicide”.

Conclusions

Our analysis also uncovers that the inclusion of suicide-related news in the category health has grown since the outbreak of the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an inflection point in the way suicide-related news are reported. Our study found that the increased media attention on suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic may indicate rising social awareness of suicide and mental health, which could lead to the development of new prevention tools.

背景和目的自杀是一个主要的公共卫生问题,媒体可以影响其意识、传染和预防。在这项研究中,我们通过自然语言处理分析(NPL)评估了新冠肺炎大流行与媒体报道中自杀之间的关系。方法为了研究自杀在新闻媒体中的描述,运用人工智能和大数据技术对新闻和推文进行分析,提取或分类其所属话题。结果granger因果关系分析以显著p值显示,在大流行开始时新冠肺炎新闻的增加解释了随后自杀相关新闻的增加。基于相关性和结构因果模型的分析显示,受试者的外表“健康”与“新冠肺炎”之间以及“新冠肺炎”与“自杀”之间存在着强烈的关系。结论我们的分析还发现,自疫情爆发以来,将自杀相关新闻纳入健康类别的人数有所增加。新冠肺炎大流行为自杀相关新闻的报道方式带来了转折点。我们的研究发现,在新冠肺炎大流行期间,媒体对自杀的关注增加,这可能表明社会对自杀和心理健康的认识不断提高,这可能会导致新的预防工具的开发。
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引用次数: 0
An exploration of the association between family functioning and nonsuicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents with mood disorders 中国情绪障碍青少年家庭功能与非自杀性自伤关系的探讨
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100226
Changyuan Qiao , Jian Lin , Jialing Huang , Linqi Zhou , Yanchao Huang , Yushan Shang , Qixiu Zhang , Jian Xie , Changchun Hu

Background and objectives

This study explored the correlation between nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and family functioning among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with mood disorders.

Methods

A total of 142 participants were clinically assessed for NSSI, with 85 in the NSSI group and 57 in the non-NSSI group. The correlation between NSSI and family functioning was compared and a regression prediction model was constructed to determine the risk probability of NSSI.

Results

A significant association was found between family functioning and NSSI (P = 0.017). The correlation between adolescents with NSSI and gender, communication, affective responsiveness, and behaviour control was statistically significant. A nomogram graph and ROC curve were constructed, with an AUC of 0.772.

Conclusion

The findings support the notion that family functioning is associated with a higher risk for NSSI among adolescents with mood disorders. Furthermore, gender, communication, affective responsiveness, and behaviour control may be contributing factors.

背景与目的本研究探讨了12至17岁情绪障碍青少年的非自杀性自伤(NSSI)与家庭功能之间的相关性。方法对142名参与者进行NSSI临床评估,其中NSSI组85名,非NSSI组57名。比较了NSSI与家庭功能的相关性,并构建了回归预测模型来确定NSSI的风险概率。结果家庭功能与NSSI之间存在显著相关性(P=0.017),行为控制具有统计学意义。构建了列线图和ROC曲线,AUC为0.772。结论研究结果支持了家庭功能与情绪障碍青少年NSSI风险较高相关的观点。此外,性别、沟通、情感反应和行为控制可能是促成因素。
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引用次数: 0
The association between pain and psychiatric conditions in adolescents: The impact of gender and ADHD diagnosis 青少年疼痛与精神状况的关系:性别和多动症诊断的影响
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100228
S. Lundqvist , N. Kerekes

Background and objectives

The relationship between pain and psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents has been understudied. This study aimed to investigate the influence of gender on the association between pain and psychiatric diagnoses, as well as the specific relationship between pain and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in a sample of adolescents from the general population. Additionally, the study explored whether pain frequency or intensity in individuals with ADHD was influenced by coexisting psychiatric disorders and ADHD medications.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 1608 conveniently sampled Swedish upper secondary school students aged 15–19 years. Data were collected at the end of 2020 using the electronic "Mental and Somatic Health without borders" survey.

Results

A significant positive association (p < 0.001) was observed between pain frequency, intensity, and the presence of any psychiatric diagnosis. Female adolescents reported more frequent and intensive pain in the groups with or without any psychiatric diagnosis and in those with ADHD, however the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis had a comparatively lesser impact on pain frequency in females when compared to males. In adolescents with ADHD, pain frequency, but not intensity, showed a significant further increase. Moreover, the presence of coexisting depression and/or anxiety further heightened the association between pain frequency and ADHD. Notably, common ADHD medications did not have a significant impact on pain experiences. Headache emerged as the most prevalent type of pain across all groups of adolescents. Back pain specifically appeared as the next most common type of pain among adolescents with ADHD.

Conclusion

The findings suggest a positive association between pain and the presence of psychiatric diagnoses, including ADHD, in adolescents. Gender modified this association. Back pain arised specifically coupled to ADHD. Common ADHD medications did not show a significant impact on pain experiences in this study. These results highlight the importance of a holistic approach to child and adolescent care.

背景与目的儿童和青少年的疼痛与精神状况之间的关系研究不足。本研究旨在调查性别对疼痛与精神病诊断之间关系的影响,以及疼痛与注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)之间的具体关系,以普通人群中的青少年为样本。此外,该研究还探讨了多动症患者的疼痛频率或强度是否受到共存的精神障碍和多动症药物的影响。方法这项横断面研究包括1608名年龄在15-19岁的瑞典高中生。数据是在2020年底使用电子“无国界心理和身体健康”调查收集的。结果在疼痛频率、强度和任何精神病诊断之间观察到显著的正相关(p<0.001)。据报道,在有或没有任何精神病诊断的组和患有多动症的组中,女性青少年的疼痛更频繁、更强烈,但与男性相比,有精神病诊断对女性疼痛频率的影响相对较小。在患有多动症的青少年中,疼痛频率(而不是强度)进一步显著增加。此外,同时存在的抑郁和/或焦虑进一步加剧了疼痛频率与多动症之间的联系。值得注意的是,常见的多动症药物对疼痛体验没有显著影响。头痛是所有青少年群体中最常见的疼痛类型。背痛是ADHD青少年中第二常见的疼痛类型。结论研究结果表明,青少年的疼痛与包括ADHD在内的精神疾病诊断之间存在正相关。性别改变了这个协会。背痛与多动症密切相关。在这项研究中,常见的多动症药物并没有显示出对疼痛体验的显著影响。这些结果突出了儿童和青少年护理的整体方法的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Is palatal rugae a specific marker of dysmorphogenesis in patients with schizophrenia? 腭皱是精神分裂症患者畸形发生的特异性标志物吗?
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100230
O. Oflezer , C. Oflezer , Z.D. Gürbüz , H. Bahadir , Ö.E. Çiçek , E. Kurt

Background and Objectives

Supporting the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, minor physical anomalies (MPAs) are markers of abnormalities in early fetal development. The mouth seems to be a common region for the occurrence of MPAs in patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to compare the palatal rugae patterns, according to their length, shape, and orientation, between patients with schizophrenia and controls in a blinded fashion. The palatal rugae patterns were also evaluated by sex, as its effect on neurodevelopment was relevant.

Methods

Dental stone models were fabricated from maxilla impressions of patients with schizophrenia (N = 105) and controls (N = 105). Based on their lengths, three types of palatal rugae were classified; primary, secondary, and fragmentary. Primary rugae were further categorized according to their shape and direction.

Results

The most detected palatal rugae were the primary ones in both groups. The primary, secondary, and fragmentary rugae numbers in both groups were no different. There were significant differences in the shape and orientation of the primary rugae between the two groups. Curved (OR:1.76, p = 0.006), island (OR:2.97, p = 0.001) and nonspecific (OR:5.44, p = 0.004) primary rugae shape were found to be significant predictive variables for schizophrenia. Randomly oriented rugae numbers were higher in schizophrenics than controls (p = 0.018). The two sexes had different preferences in primary rugae shapes and directions compared to same-sex controls in patients with schizophrenia.

Conclusion

Identifying subtle changes in the primary rugae pattern, which appear to be sex-specific, is consistent with impaired neurodevelopment in schizophrenia.

背景和目的支持精神分裂症的神经发育模型,轻微身体异常(MPAs)是胎儿早期发育异常的标志。口腔似乎是精神分裂症患者MPA发生的常见区域。本研究旨在以盲法比较精神分裂症患者和对照组的腭嵴模式,根据其长度、形状和方向。腭嵴的形态也通过性别来评估,因为它对神经发育的影响是相关的。方法用精神分裂症患者(N=105)和对照组(N=105,N=105)的上颌骨印模制作牙石模型。根据其长度,将腭嵴分为三种类型;原生的、次生的和零碎的。初级皱纹根据其形状和方向进一步分类。结果两组中腭嵴检出率最高的是原发性腭嵴。两组的原发性、继发性和碎片状皱纹数量没有差异。两组间原发性皱纹的形状和方向存在显著差异。弯曲(OR:1.76,p=0.006)、岛状(OR:2.97,p=0.001)和非特异性(OR:5.44,p=0.004)原发性皱纹形状被发现是精神分裂症的重要预测变量。精神分裂症患者随机取向的皱纹数量高于对照组(p=0.018)。与精神分裂症的同性对照组相比,两性对原发性皱纹的形状和方向有不同的偏好。结论识别原发性皱纹模式的细微变化,似乎是性别特异性的,与精神分裂症的神经发育受损一致。
{"title":"Is palatal rugae a specific marker of dysmorphogenesis in patients with schizophrenia?","authors":"O. Oflezer ,&nbsp;C. Oflezer ,&nbsp;Z.D. Gürbüz ,&nbsp;H. Bahadir ,&nbsp;Ö.E. Çiçek ,&nbsp;E. Kurt","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><p><span>Supporting the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, minor physical anomalies (MPAs) are markers of abnormalities in early fetal development. The mouth seems to be a common region for the occurrence of MPAs </span>in patients<span><span> with schizophrenia. This study aimed to compare the palatal rugae patterns, according to their length, shape, and orientation, between patients with schizophrenia and controls in a blinded fashion. The palatal rugae patterns were also evaluated by sex, as its effect on </span>neurodevelopment was relevant.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Dental stone models were fabricated from maxilla impressions of patients with schizophrenia (</span><em>N</em> = 105) and controls (<em>N</em> = 105). Based on their lengths, three types of palatal rugae were classified; primary, secondary, and fragmentary. Primary rugae were further categorized according to their shape and direction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The most detected palatal rugae were the primary ones in both groups. The primary, secondary, and fragmentary rugae numbers in both groups were no different. There were significant differences in the shape and orientation of the primary rugae between the two groups. Curved (OR:1.76, <em>p</em> = 0.006), island (OR:2.97, <em>p</em> = 0.001) and nonspecific (OR:5.44, <em>p</em> = 0.004) primary rugae shape were found to be significant predictive variables for schizophrenia. Randomly oriented rugae numbers were higher in schizophrenics than controls (<em>p</em> = 0.018). The two sexes had different preferences in primary rugae shapes and directions compared to same-sex controls in patients with schizophrenia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Identifying subtle changes in the primary rugae pattern, which appear to be sex-specific, is consistent with impaired neurodevelopment in schizophrenia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50204907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Claudin-5, occludin, zonulin and tricellulin levels of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 注意力缺陷/多动障碍儿童的Claudin-5、occludin、zonulin和tricellulin水平
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100225
Hurşit Ferahkaya , Ömer Faruk Akça , Tamer Baysal , İbrahim Kılınç

Background and objectives

Accumulating studies have pointed out that gut-blood and blood-brain barrier dysfunctions due to the alterations in permeability may play a role in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Tight junctions are crucial components of these barriers and some peptides including claudin-5, occludin, zonulin and tricellulin are important components of these structures. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between these molecules and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents.

Methods

A total of 57 children with ADHD and 60 controls aged between 6 and 12 years were included in the study. The severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed through a parent-rated questionnaire, and Conner's Continuous Performance Test was administered to the study group. Serum levels of biochemical variables were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Biochemical parameter levels and scale scores were compared using Mann-Whitney U or Student's t tests. In addition, a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed on the outcome variables. Finally, a hierarchical regression model was conducted on the study group.

Results

Serum claudin-5 and tricellulin levels were significantly lower in the ADHD group compared to the control group. The difference between the groups in terms of serum claudin-5 and tricellulin levels remained significant after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender and autistic characteristics. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum zonulin and occludin levels.

Conclusion

These results reveal that claudin-5 and tricellulin levels vary in patients with ADHD. Alterations in these peptides may affect the brain by leading to a dysregulation in intestinal or blood-brain barrier permeability. The causal relationship between these peptides and ADHD requires further investigation.

背景和目的累积研究指出,由于通透性的改变而导致的肠血和血脑屏障功能障碍可能在神经发育障碍的病理生理学中发挥作用。紧密连接是这些屏障的关键组成部分,包括claudin-5、occludin、zonulin和tricellulin在内的一些肽是这些结构的重要组成部分。本研究旨在探讨这些分子与儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)之间的关系。方法对57名ADHD儿童和60名年龄在6-12岁之间的对照儿童进行研究。ADHD症状的严重程度通过父母评定的问卷进行评估,并对研究组进行Conner持续表现测试。使用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒测量血清生化变量水平。使用Mann-Whitney U或Student t检验比较生化参数水平和量表得分。此外,对结果变量进行了多变量协方差分析(MANCOVA)和单向协方差分析(ANCOVA)。最后,对研究组进行了层次回归分析。结果ADHD组血清claudin-5和tricellulin水平明显低于对照组。在控制了年龄、性别和自闭症特征等混杂因素后,两组之间在血清claudin-5和tricellulin水平方面的差异仍然显著。两组之间血清zonulin和occludin水平没有显著差异。结论多动症患者血清中claudin-5和tricellulin水平存在差异。这些肽的改变可能会导致肠道或血脑屏障通透性失调,从而影响大脑。这些肽与多动症之间的因果关系需要进一步研究。
{"title":"Claudin-5, occludin, zonulin and tricellulin levels of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder","authors":"Hurşit Ferahkaya ,&nbsp;Ömer Faruk Akça ,&nbsp;Tamer Baysal ,&nbsp;İbrahim Kılınç","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p><span>Accumulating studies have pointed out that gut-blood and blood-brain barrier dysfunctions due to the alterations in permeability may play a role in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Tight junctions are crucial components of these barriers and some peptides including claudin-5, </span>occludin<span>, zonulin and tricellulin are important components of these structures. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between these molecules and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 57 children with ADHD and 60 controls aged between 6 and 12 years were included in the study. The severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed through a parent-rated questionnaire, and Conner's Continuous Performance Test<span> was administered to the study group. Serum levels of biochemical variables were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Biochemical parameter levels and scale scores were compared using Mann-Whitney U or Student's t tests<span>. In addition, a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed on the outcome variables. Finally, a hierarchical regression model was conducted on the study group.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Serum claudin-5 and tricellulin levels were significantly lower in the ADHD group compared to the control group. The difference between the groups in terms of serum claudin-5 and tricellulin levels remained significant after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender and autistic characteristics. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum zonulin and occludin levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results reveal that claudin-5 and tricellulin levels vary in patients with ADHD. Alterations in these peptides may affect the brain by leading to a dysregulation in intestinal or blood-brain barrier permeability. The causal relationship between these peptides and ADHD requires further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50204906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factor analysis and validation of the Bush Francis catatonia rating scale-Spain version Bush-Francis紧张症评定量表西班牙版的因素分析与验证
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.07.004
Jorge Cuevas-Esteban , Francesc Serrat , Luisa Baladon , Neus Rabaneda-Lombarte , Crisanto Díez-Quevedo , Maria Iglesias-González

Background and objectives

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Bush Francis Catatonia Screening Instrument and Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale Spain Version (BFCSI-SV and BFCRS-SV) using the ICD-11 and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria as well as other catatonia scales.

Methods

One hundred patients were admitted to the inpatient psychiatry unit at Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol and two psychiatrists administered the BFCRS-SV to the first 10 patients to assess inter-rater reliability. The BFCRS-SV, BFCSI-SV, Modified Rogers Scale (MRS), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scales, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, and Modified Simpson-Angus Scale were then employed.

Results

The results showed that 27% of patients had catatonia using the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Additionally, 51% of patients had 2 or more BFCRSI-SV items (Sensitivity: 100%; Specificity: 67.12%). The alpha coefficient values were 0.80 and 0.84 for the BFCSI-SV and BFCRS-SV, respectively, and the intraclass correlation coefficient values were 0.902 and 0.903. The area under the ROC curve was 0.971 and 0.96, and the instruments had a strong positive correlation with the DSM-5 score, ICD-11 score, and MRS. The study identified a three-factor model comprising the inhibition, excitement, and parakinetic dimensions.

Conclusions

Overall, the results suggest that the BFCSI-SV and BFCRS-SV are valid and reliable tools for the diagnosis of catatonia, especially when using a cut-off score of 5 or higher for the BFCSI-SV and 7 or higher for the BFCRS-SV.

背景和目的本研究的目的是使用ICD-11和DSM-5诊断标准以及其他紧张症量表来评估Bush-Francis紧张症筛查仪和Bush-FrancisCatatonia评定量表西班牙版(BFCSI-SV和BFCRS-SV)的可靠性和有效性。方法100名患者被送入德国Trias I Pujol大学医院的住院精神科,两名精神科医生对前10名患者进行BFCRS-SV,以评估评分者之间的可靠性。然后采用BFCRS-SV、BFCSI-SV、改良罗杰斯量表(MRS)、异常非自愿运动量表、Barnes Akathia评定量表和改良Simpson-Angus量表。结果采用DSM-5诊断标准,27%的患者有紧张症。此外,51%的患者有2个或2个以上的BFCRSI-SV项目(敏感性:100%;特异性:67.12%)。BFCSI-SV和BFCRS-SV的α系数值分别为0.80和0.84,组内相关系数值为0.902和0.903。ROC曲线下面积分别为0.971和0.96,仪器与DSM-5评分、ICD-11评分和MRS呈正相关。该研究确定了一个包括抑制、兴奋和副动力学维度的三因素模型。结论总体而言,研究结果表明,BFCSI-SV和BFCRS-SV是诊断紧张症的有效和可靠的工具,尤其是当BFCSI-SV的临界分为5分或更高,BFCRS-SV7分或更高时。
{"title":"Factor analysis and validation of the Bush Francis catatonia rating scale-Spain version","authors":"Jorge Cuevas-Esteban ,&nbsp;Francesc Serrat ,&nbsp;Luisa Baladon ,&nbsp;Neus Rabaneda-Lombarte ,&nbsp;Crisanto Díez-Quevedo ,&nbsp;Maria Iglesias-González","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Bush Francis Catatonia Screening Instrument and Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale Spain Version (BFCSI-SV and BFCRS-SV) using the ICD-11 and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria as well as other catatonia scales.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>One hundred patients were admitted to the inpatient psychiatry unit at Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol and two psychiatrists administered the BFCRS-SV to the first 10 patients to assess inter-rater reliability. The BFCRS-SV, BFCSI-SV, Modified Rogers Scale (MRS), </span>Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scales<span>, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, and Modified Simpson-Angus Scale were then employed.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that 27% of patients had catatonia using the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Additionally, 51% of patients had 2 or more BFCRSI-SV items (Sensitivity: 100%; Specificity: 67.12%). The alpha coefficient values were 0.80 and 0.84 for the BFCSI-SV and BFCRS-SV, respectively, and the intraclass correlation coefficient values were 0.902 and 0.903. The area under the ROC curve was 0.971 and 0.96, and the instruments had a strong positive correlation with the DSM-5 score, ICD-11 score, and MRS. The study identified a three-factor model comprising the inhibition, excitement, and parakinetic dimensions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, the results suggest that the BFCSI-SV and BFCRS-SV are valid and reliable tools for the diagnosis of catatonia, especially when using a cut-off score of 5 or higher for the BFCSI-SV and 7 or higher for the BFCRS-SV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50202018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anxiety symptoms and disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis 新冠肺炎大流行期间儿童和青少年的焦虑症状和障碍:系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.06.003
Urvashi Panchal , Julio David Vaquerizo-Serrano , Ileana Conde-Ghigliazza , Herdem Aslan Genç , Simone Marchini , Kamile Pociute , Binay Kayan Ocakoğlu , Szarah Sanchez-Roman , Dorottya Ori , Ana Catalan , Luis Alameda , Samuele Cortese , Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo

Background and Objectives

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors have been shown to affect anxiety levels of young people. We meta-analytically assessed the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents during the pandemic, and the predictors and moderating factors influencing anxiety.

Methods

Multiple databases and registers were searched in this PRISMA and MOOSE-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO:CRD42021266695) until 27/06/2021. We included individual studies evaluating the prevalence and characteristics of anxiety symptoms or anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (mean age ≤18 years), during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data extraction and quality assessment were carried out by independent authors. Random-effects meta-analyses of the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) V3.

Results

74 articles (total participant sample=478,882) were included (mean age=13.4 years, 52.3% female). The pooled rate of children and adolescents fulfilling diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders was 13.0% (95%CI=4.9–30.1); the pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 26.5% (95%CI=20.3–33.9). Anxiety symptoms were significantly more prevalent in females than males (B = 0.103, p<.001), significantly higher during the second wave of COVID-19, following July 2020, than during the first wave, prior to June 2020, (Q= 8.136, p=.017), and during school closure (Q= 8.100, p=.014). Quality of included studies was overall moderate.

Conclusions

There is a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially amongst females. This study identifies vulnerable groups, risk, and protective factors, which is crucial to developing clinical practice to prevent further mental health deterioration in young people.

背景与目的新冠肺炎大流行及其相关因素已被证明会影响年轻人的焦虑水平。我们荟萃分析评估了疫情期间儿童和青少年焦虑症状和焦虑障碍的患病率,以及影响焦虑的预测因素和调节因素。方法在这份符合PRISMA和MOOSE的系统综述和荟萃分析(PROSPERO:CDR42021266695)中搜索多个数据库和注册库,直到2021年6月27日。我们纳入了评估儿童和青少年焦虑症状或焦虑障碍的患病率和特征的个体研究(平均年龄 ≤18年),在新冠肺炎大流行期间。数据提取和质量评估由独立作者进行。使用综合荟萃分析(CMA)V3.对焦虑症状和焦虑障碍的患病率进行随机效应荟萃分析。结果包括74篇文章(总参与者样本=478882)(平均年龄=13.4岁,52.3%为女性)。符合焦虑症诊断标准的儿童和青少年的综合比率为13.0%(95%CI=4.9-30.1);焦虑症状的总患病率为26.5%(95%CI=20.3–33.9)。焦虑症状在女性中的患病率显著高于男性(B=0.103,p<;.001),在2020年7月之后的第二波新冠肺炎期间显著高于2020年6月之前的第一波期间(Q=8.136,p=.017),以及在学校停课期间(Q=8.100,p=.014)。纳入研究的质量总体中等。结论新冠肺炎大流行期间,儿童和青少年焦虑症状的患病率很高,尤其是女性。这项研究确定了弱势群体、风险和保护因素,这对于发展临床实践以防止年轻人的心理健康进一步恶化至关重要。
{"title":"Anxiety symptoms and disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Urvashi Panchal ,&nbsp;Julio David Vaquerizo-Serrano ,&nbsp;Ileana Conde-Ghigliazza ,&nbsp;Herdem Aslan Genç ,&nbsp;Simone Marchini ,&nbsp;Kamile Pociute ,&nbsp;Binay Kayan Ocakoğlu ,&nbsp;Szarah Sanchez-Roman ,&nbsp;Dorottya Ori ,&nbsp;Ana Catalan ,&nbsp;Luis Alameda ,&nbsp;Samuele Cortese ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors have been shown to affect anxiety levels of young people. We meta-analytically assessed the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents during the pandemic, and the predictors and moderating factors influencing anxiety.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Multiple databases and registers were searched in this PRISMA and MOOSE-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO:CRD42021266695) until 27/06/2021. We included individual studies evaluating the prevalence and characteristics of anxiety symptoms or anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (mean age ≤18 years), during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data extraction and quality assessment were carried out by independent authors. Random-effects meta-analyses of the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) V3.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>74 articles (total participant sample=478,882) were included (mean age=13.4 years, 52.3% female). The pooled rate of children and adolescents fulfilling diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders was 13.0% (95%CI=4.9–30.1); the pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 26.5% (95%CI=20.3–33.9). Anxiety symptoms were significantly more prevalent in females than males (<em>B</em> = 0.103, <em>p</em>&lt;.001), significantly higher during the second wave of COVID-19, following July 2020, than during the first wave, prior to June 2020, (<em>Q</em>= 8.136, <em>p</em>=.017), and during school closure (<em>Q</em>= 8.100, <em>p</em>=.014). Quality of included studies was overall moderate.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially amongst females. This study identifies vulnerable groups, risk, and protective factors, which is crucial to developing clinical practice to prevent further mental health deterioration in young people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50202017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk of developing avascular necrosis of the femoral head and neck among patients with bipolar disorder: A nationwide cohort study 双相情感障碍患者发生股骨头和股骨颈缺血性坏死的风险:一项全国性队列研究
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100224
Dian-Jeng Li , Ta-Chuan Yeh , Shih-Jen Tsai , Tzeng-Ji Chen , Chih-Sung Liang , Mu-Hong Chen

Background and objectives

The association between bipolar disorder (BD) and avascular necrosis of the femoral head and neck (AVNHNF) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the risk of AVNHNF among different polarity of BD.

Methods

Between 2001 and 2010, patients with BD were selected from the Taiwan National Health Research Database. The controls were individuals without severe mental disorder who were matched for demographic, medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of AVNHNF, with adjustments for demographics, comorbidities, exposure to corticosteroids, and all-cause clinical visits.

Results

A total of 84,721 patients with BD and 169,442 controls were included. Patients with BD demonstrated a 1.92-fold (95% of confidence interval: 1.21–3.04) higher risk of AVNHNF compared with the controls. The risk was increased to 7.91-fold (4.32–14.49) in patients with severe BD compared with the controls. Importantly, patients with severe bipolar depression were associated with a 14.23-fold higher risk of AVNHNF compared with the controls, while those with sever bipolar mania were associated with a 3.55-fold higher risk. Compared with the controls with alcohol use disorder (AUD), patients with BD and comorbid AUD were associated with a 2.0-fold higher risk of AVNHNF. Finally, long-term use of atypical antipsychotics was associated with a decreased risk of AVNHNF).

Conclusion

Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of AVNHNF among patients with BD. This increased risk was associated with disorder severity, polarity, and comorbidity with AUD, and attenuated by long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment.

背景和目的双相情感障碍(BD)和股骨头和颈缺血性坏死(AVNHNF)之间的关系尚不清楚。方法从台湾国家卫生研究数据库中选择2001年至2010年的BD患者。对照组是没有严重精神障碍的个体,他们在人口统计学、医学和精神病合并症方面相匹配。Cox回归分析用于估计AVNHNF的风险,并对人口统计学、合并症、皮质类固醇暴露和全因临床就诊进行了调整。结果BD患者84721例,对照组169442例。BD患者患AVNHNF的风险比对照组高1.92倍(95%置信区间:1.21–3.04)。与对照组相比,严重BD患者的风险增加到7.91倍(4.32–14.49)。重要的是,与对照组相比,重度双相抑郁症患者患AVNHNF的风险高14.23倍,而重度双相躁狂患者的风险高3.55倍。与酒精使用障碍(AUD)的对照组相比,患有BD和共病AUD的患者患AVNHNF的风险高2.0倍。最后,长期使用非典型抗精神病药物与AVNHNF的风险降低有关。结论临床医生应意识到BD患者患AVNHNF风险的增加。这种风险的增加与疾病的严重程度、极性和与AUD的共病有关,并通过长期非典型抗精神疾病治疗减轻。
{"title":"Risk of developing avascular necrosis of the femoral head and neck among patients with bipolar disorder: A nationwide cohort study","authors":"Dian-Jeng Li ,&nbsp;Ta-Chuan Yeh ,&nbsp;Shih-Jen Tsai ,&nbsp;Tzeng-Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Chih-Sung Liang ,&nbsp;Mu-Hong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p><span>The association between bipolar disorder (BD) and </span>avascular necrosis<span> of the femoral head and neck (AVNHNF) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the risk of AVNHNF among different polarity of BD.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between 2001 and 2010, patients with BD were selected from the Taiwan National Health Research Database. The controls were individuals without severe mental disorder who were matched for demographic, medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of AVNHNF, with adjustments for demographics, comorbidities, exposure to corticosteroids, and all-cause clinical visits.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 84,721 patients with BD and 169,442 controls were included. Patients with BD demonstrated a 1.92-fold (95% of confidence interval: 1.21–3.04) higher risk of AVNHNF compared with the controls. The risk was increased to 7.91-fold (4.32–14.49) in patients<span><span> with severe BD compared with the controls. Importantly, patients with severe bipolar depression were associated with a 14.23-fold higher risk of AVNHNF compared with the controls, while those with sever </span>bipolar mania were associated with a 3.55-fold higher risk. Compared with the controls with alcohol use disorder (AUD), patients with BD and comorbid AUD were associated with a 2.0-fold higher risk of AVNHNF. Finally, long-term use of atypical antipsychotics was associated with a decreased risk of AVNHNF).</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of AVNHNF among patients with BD. This increased risk was associated with disorder severity, polarity, and comorbidity with AUD, and attenuated by long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Borderline personality disorder vs. mood disorders: clinical comparisons in young people treated within an “Early Intervention” service for first episode psychosis 边缘型人格障碍与情绪障碍:在首次发作精神病“早期干预”服务中接受治疗的年轻人的临床比较
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.07.002
Lorenzo Pelizza , Emanuela Leuci , Emanuela Quattrone , Silvia Azzali , Giuseppina Paulillo , Simona Pupo , Pietro Pellegrini , Arianna Biancalani , Lorenzo Gammino , Marco Menchetti

Background and Objective

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is under-investigated in First Episode Psychosis (FEP). BPD psychotic manifestations and mood changes are also difficult to differentiate from first episode affective psychosis. The aim of this study was to compare sociodemographic and clinical features between FEP patients with BPD vs. Bipolar Disorder (BD) or Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) both at baseline and across a 2-year follow-up period.

Methods

224 FEP participants (49 with BPD, 93 with BD and 82 with MDD) completed the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS), the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Psychiatric diagnosis was reformulated at the end of our follow-up. Inter-group comparisons were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis or the Chi-square test. A mixed-design ANOVA model was also performed to assess the temporal stability of clinical scores within and between the 3 subgroups.

Results

Compared to FEP/BD subjects at baseline, FEP/BPD patients showed higher depressive symptom severity and lower excitement severity. Compared to FEP/MDD at entry, they had a higher prevalence rate of substance abuse, a lower interpersonal impairment and a shorter DUP. Finally, they had a lower treatment response on HoNOS “Psychiatric Symptoms” subscale scores across the follow-up in comparison with both FEP/BD and FEP/MDD individuals.

Conclusion

BPD as categorical entity represents a FEP subgroup with specific clinical features and treatment response. Appropriate treatment guidelines for this FEP subgroup are thus needed.

背景与目的边缘性人格障碍(BPD)在首发精神病(FEP)中的研究较少。BPD的精神病表现和情绪变化也很难与首次发作的情感性精神病区分开来。本研究的目的是比较在基线和2年随访期间,患有BPD的FEP患者与双相情感障碍(BD)或严重抑郁障碍(MDD)患者的社会人口学和临床特征。方法224名FEP参与者(49名患有BPD,93名患有BD,82名患有MDD)完成了国家健康结果量表(HoNOS)、阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)和全球功能评估量表(GAF)。在我们的随访结束时重新制定了精神病诊断。使用Kruskal-Wallis或卡方检验分析组间比较。还进行了混合设计方差分析模型,以评估3个亚组内和之间临床评分的时间稳定性。结果与基线时的FEP/BD受试者相比,FEP/BPD患者表现出更高的抑郁症状严重程度和更低的兴奋严重程度。与进入时的FEP/MDD相比,他们的药物滥用患病率更高,人际关系障碍更低,DUP更短。最后,与FEP/BD和FEP/MDD个体相比,他们在整个随访过程中对HoNOS“精神症状”分量表得分的治疗反应较低。结论BPD作为分类实体代表了一个具有特定临床特征和治疗反应的FEP亚组。因此,需要针对该FEP亚组的适当治疗指南。
{"title":"Borderline personality disorder vs. mood disorders: clinical comparisons in young people treated within an “Early Intervention” service for first episode psychosis","authors":"Lorenzo Pelizza ,&nbsp;Emanuela Leuci ,&nbsp;Emanuela Quattrone ,&nbsp;Silvia Azzali ,&nbsp;Giuseppina Paulillo ,&nbsp;Simona Pupo ,&nbsp;Pietro Pellegrini ,&nbsp;Arianna Biancalani ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Gammino ,&nbsp;Marco Menchetti","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objective</h3><p>Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is under-investigated in First Episode Psychosis (FEP). BPD psychotic manifestations and mood changes are also difficult to differentiate from first episode affective psychosis. The aim of this study was to compare sociodemographic and clinical features between FEP patients with BPD vs. Bipolar Disorder<span> (BD) or Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) both at baseline and across a 2-year follow-up period.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>224 FEP participants (49 with BPD, 93 with BD and 82 with MDD) completed the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS), the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the </span>Global Assessment of Functioning<span> (GAF) scale. Psychiatric diagnosis was reformulated at the end of our follow-up. Inter-group comparisons were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis or the Chi-square test. A mixed-design ANOVA model was also performed to assess the temporal stability of clinical scores within and between the 3 subgroups.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to FEP/BD subjects at baseline, FEP/BPD patients showed higher depressive symptom severity and lower excitement severity. Compared to FEP/MDD at entry, they had a higher prevalence rate of substance abuse, a lower interpersonal impairment and a shorter DUP. Finally, they had a lower treatment response on HoNOS “Psychiatric Symptoms” subscale scores across the follow-up in comparison with both FEP/BD and FEP/MDD individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>BPD as categorical entity represents a FEP subgroup with specific clinical features and treatment response. Appropriate treatment guidelines for this FEP subgroup are thus needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50202020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
European Journal of Psychiatry
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