Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00664-y
Robert Hrelja, Lena Levin, Rosalia Camporeale
This paper analyses the integration of social considerations into public transport planning. It addresses the challenge of balancing social benefits against objectives such as efficiency and cost minimization. Through a literature review, this paper examines methods for assessing public transport accessibility for potentially disadvantaged groups and identifies knowledge gaps in existing research. The analysis reveals a predominant focus on post-implementation (ex-post) accessibility assessments and a lack of research examining potential impacts (ex-ante) during planning stages. Furthermore, the paper identifies a lack of research on how to weigh social benefits against other more conventional objectives such as efficiency and cost minimization and also against environmental considerations. Research usually proposes changes ex-post based solely on a desire to improve accessibility for potentially disadvantaged groups. Therefore, there is a need for more research on how to manage conflicting interests in planning, for example through composite methods. The paper also highlights the tendency of research to overlook the practical usability of methods developed. The relevance of methods to policy makers and planners responsible for planning public transport systems remains largely unexplored. To develop practically useful methods, research needs a better understanding of the norms governing planning practices. It is common to discuss how the mobility needs of potentially disadvantaged passenger groups should be met in isolation from policy contexts. More research is needed about how the potential tensions between social, economic, and environmental considerations play out in public transport planning practices. All of this leads to a risk of a theory–practice gap, marked by a disconnect between research and the practical needs of the public transport providers. By proposing a more nuanced research approach that better reflects the complexity of real-world planning and the different needs of user groups, research can enable public transport planning for what we term ‘sustainable accessibility’.
{"title":"Handling social considerations and the needs of different groups in public transport planning: a review of definitions, methods, and knowledge gaps","authors":"Robert Hrelja, Lena Levin, Rosalia Camporeale","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00664-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00664-y","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the integration of social considerations into public transport planning. It addresses the challenge of balancing social benefits against objectives such as efficiency and cost minimization. Through a literature review, this paper examines methods for assessing public transport accessibility for potentially disadvantaged groups and identifies knowledge gaps in existing research. The analysis reveals a predominant focus on post-implementation (ex-post) accessibility assessments and a lack of research examining potential impacts (ex-ante) during planning stages. Furthermore, the paper identifies a lack of research on how to weigh social benefits against other more conventional objectives such as efficiency and cost minimization and also against environmental considerations. Research usually proposes changes ex-post based solely on a desire to improve accessibility for potentially disadvantaged groups. Therefore, there is a need for more research on how to manage conflicting interests in planning, for example through composite methods. The paper also highlights the tendency of research to overlook the practical usability of methods developed. The relevance of methods to policy makers and planners responsible for planning public transport systems remains largely unexplored. To develop practically useful methods, research needs a better understanding of the norms governing planning practices. It is common to discuss how the mobility needs of potentially disadvantaged passenger groups should be met in isolation from policy contexts. More research is needed about how the potential tensions between social, economic, and environmental considerations play out in public transport planning practices. All of this leads to a risk of a theory–practice gap, marked by a disconnect between research and the practical needs of the public transport providers. By proposing a more nuanced research approach that better reflects the complexity of real-world planning and the different needs of user groups, research can enable public transport planning for what we term ‘sustainable accessibility’.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00662-0
Albin Engholm, Andreas Allström, Mehdi Akbarian
The recent development of battery electric trucks (BETs) suggests that they could play a vital role in transitioning to zero-emission road freight. To facilitate this transition, it is important to understand under which conditions BETs can be a viable alternative to internal combustion engine trucks (ICETs). Concurrently, the advancement of autonomous driving technology adds uncertainty and complexity to analyzing how the cost competitiveness of future zero-emissions trucks, such as autonomous electric trucks (AETs) may develop. This study examines the cost performance of BETs and AETs compared to ICETs, and how it varies over different market and technology conditions, charging strategies, and transport applications. Focus is on heavy-duty tractor-trailer trucks operating full truckload shuttle-flows in Sweden. Due to the inherent uncertainty and interactions among the analyzed factors, the analysis is performed as computational experiments using a simulation model of BET, AET, and ICET shuttle flow operations and associated costs. In total, 19,200 experiments are performed by sampling the model across 1200 scenarios representing various transport applications and technical and economic conditions for sixteen charging strategies with different combinations of depot, destination, and en route charging. The results indicate that both BETs and AETs are cost competitive compared to ICETs in a large share of scenarios. High asset utilization is important for offsetting additional investment costs in vehicles and chargers, highlighting the importance of deploying these vehicles in applications that enable high productivity. The cost performance for BETs is primarily influenced by energy related costs, charging strategy, and charging infrastructure utilization. The AET cost performance is in addition heavily affected by remote operations cost, and costs for the automated driving system. When feasible, relying only on depot charging is in many scenarios the most cost-effective charging strategy, with the primary exceptions being highly energy-demanding scenarios with long distances and heavy goods in which the required battery is too heavy to operate the truck within vehicle weight regulations if not complemented by destination, or en route charging. However, many experiments do not lead to a reduced payload capacity for BETs and AETs compared to ICETs, and a large majority of the considered scenarios are feasible to operate with a BET or AET within current gross vehicle weight regulations.
电池电动卡车（BETs）最近的发展表明，它们可以在向零排放道路货运过渡方面发挥重要作用。为了促进这一过渡，必须了解在哪些条件下电池电动卡车可以替代内燃机卡车（ICET）。与此同时，自动驾驶技术的发展为分析未来零排放卡车（如自动驾驶电动卡车（AET））的成本竞争力增加了不确定性和复杂性。本研究探讨了 BET 和 AET 与 ICET 相比的成本表现，以及在不同的市场和技术条件、充电策略和运输应用下的差异。研究重点是在瑞典运营满载穿梭运输的重型牵引拖车。由于所分析的因素之间存在固有的不确定性和相互作用，因此使用 BET、AET 和 ICET 穿梭车流运营及相关成本的仿真模型，以计算实验的形式进行分析。通过对模型中的 1200 个场景进行取样，共进行了 19200 次实验，这些场景代表了不同的运输应用和技术经济条件，涉及 16 种收费策略，包括车厂、目的地和途中收费的不同组合。结果表明，在大部分情况下，BET 和 AET 与 ICET 相比都具有成本竞争力。高资产利用率对于抵消车辆和充电器的额外投资成本非常重要，这凸显了在能够实现高生产率的应用中部署这些车辆的重要性。BET 的成本表现主要受能源相关成本、充电策略和充电基础设施利用率的影响。此外，自动驾驶汽车的成本性能还受到远程运营成本和自动驾驶系统成本的严重影响。在许多情况下，如果可行，仅依靠车厂充电是最具成本效益的充电策略，但长距离和重型货物的高能耗情况除外，在这些情况下，如果不辅以目的地或途中充电，所需的电池太重，卡车无法在车辆重量规定范围内运行。然而，许多实验并没有导致 BET 和 AET 的有效载荷能力低于 ICET，而且所考虑的绝大多数情况下，在现行车辆总重规定范围内使用 BET 或 AET 是可行的。
{"title":"Exploring cost performance tradeoffs and uncertainties for electric- and autonomous electric trucks using computational experiments","authors":"Albin Engholm, Andreas Allström, Mehdi Akbarian","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00662-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00662-0","url":null,"abstract":"The recent development of battery electric trucks (BETs) suggests that they could play a vital role in transitioning to zero-emission road freight. To facilitate this transition, it is important to understand under which conditions BETs can be a viable alternative to internal combustion engine trucks (ICETs). Concurrently, the advancement of autonomous driving technology adds uncertainty and complexity to analyzing how the cost competitiveness of future zero-emissions trucks, such as autonomous electric trucks (AETs) may develop. This study examines the cost performance of BETs and AETs compared to ICETs, and how it varies over different market and technology conditions, charging strategies, and transport applications. Focus is on heavy-duty tractor-trailer trucks operating full truckload shuttle-flows in Sweden. Due to the inherent uncertainty and interactions among the analyzed factors, the analysis is performed as computational experiments using a simulation model of BET, AET, and ICET shuttle flow operations and associated costs. In total, 19,200 experiments are performed by sampling the model across 1200 scenarios representing various transport applications and technical and economic conditions for sixteen charging strategies with different combinations of depot, destination, and en route charging. The results indicate that both BETs and AETs are cost competitive compared to ICETs in a large share of scenarios. High asset utilization is important for offsetting additional investment costs in vehicles and chargers, highlighting the importance of deploying these vehicles in applications that enable high productivity. The cost performance for BETs is primarily influenced by energy related costs, charging strategy, and charging infrastructure utilization. The AET cost performance is in addition heavily affected by remote operations cost, and costs for the automated driving system. When feasible, relying only on depot charging is in many scenarios the most cost-effective charging strategy, with the primary exceptions being highly energy-demanding scenarios with long distances and heavy goods in which the required battery is too heavy to operate the truck within vehicle weight regulations if not complemented by destination, or en route charging. However, many experiments do not lead to a reduced payload capacity for BETs and AETs compared to ICETs, and a large majority of the considered scenarios are feasible to operate with a BET or AET within current gross vehicle weight regulations.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00655-z
Stella Roussou, Eva Michelaraki, Christos Katrakazas, Amir Pooyan Afghari, Christelle Al Haddad, Md Rakibul Alam, Constantinos Antoniou, Eleonora Papadimitriou, Tom Brijs, George Yannis
The i-DREAMS project focuses on establishing a framework known as the ‘Safety Tolerance Zone (STZ)’ to ensure drivers operate within safe boundaries. This study compares Long-Short-Term-Memory Networks and shallow Neural Networks to assess participants’ safety levels during i-DREAMS on-road trials. Thirty German drivers’ trips and Forty-Three Belgian drivers were analyzed using these methods, revealing factors contributing to risky behavior. Results indicate i-DREAMS interventions significantly enhance driving behavior, with Neural Networks displaying superior performance among the algorithms considered.
{"title":"Unfolding the dynamics of driving behavior: a machine learning analysis from Germany and Belgium","authors":"Stella Roussou, Eva Michelaraki, Christos Katrakazas, Amir Pooyan Afghari, Christelle Al Haddad, Md Rakibul Alam, Constantinos Antoniou, Eleonora Papadimitriou, Tom Brijs, George Yannis","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00655-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00655-z","url":null,"abstract":"The i-DREAMS project focuses on establishing a framework known as the ‘Safety Tolerance Zone (STZ)’ to ensure drivers operate within safe boundaries. This study compares Long-Short-Term-Memory Networks and shallow Neural Networks to assess participants’ safety levels during i-DREAMS on-road trials. Thirty German drivers’ trips and Forty-Three Belgian drivers were analyzed using these methods, revealing factors contributing to risky behavior. Results indicate i-DREAMS interventions significantly enhance driving behavior, with Neural Networks displaying superior performance among the algorithms considered.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"1138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00654-0
Michael Aleksa, Andrea Schaub, Isabela Erdelean, Stephan Wittmann, Aggelos Soteropoulos, Alexander Fürdös
In the present study road safety impact analysis for certain advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) was conducted. Based on a literature review, expert interviews and current adaptations in legislation, the most promising nine ADAS were selected. The impact was analysed based on statistical crash data from Austria. Factors such as infrastructure and weather conditions, market penetration, expected functionality of sensors, user acceptance and risk homeostasis were considered. A software tool was developed to calculate the crash reduction potential of the selected ADAS for the scenarios 2025, 2030 and 2040. The results show that the ADAS related to warning/braking have the greatest future reduction potential and could lead to a reduction of up to 8,700 crashes and 70 fatalities in Austria in 2040. In addition, the Intelligent Speed Assistance system would lead to an overall crash reduction of 8% compared to current crash numbers in Austria in 2040. The Turning Assistant for heavy goods vehicles shows the lowest reduction in crashes and casualties, but due to the highest severity per crash (93 fatalities per 1,000 crashes), it nevertheless provides an important contribution to the reduction of fatalities in road traffic. However, to benefit from the ADAS safety potential, it is highly relevant that these systems are used in a correct manner. In the future, it will be necessary to provide users with more information on the correct use, benefits and limitations of the respective ADAS and to integrate the use of these systems into driver education procedures and tests.
{"title":"Impact analysis of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) regarding road safety – computing reduction potentials","authors":"Michael Aleksa, Andrea Schaub, Isabela Erdelean, Stephan Wittmann, Aggelos Soteropoulos, Alexander Fürdös","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00654-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00654-0","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study road safety impact analysis for certain advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) was conducted. Based on a literature review, expert interviews and current adaptations in legislation, the most promising nine ADAS were selected. The impact was analysed based on statistical crash data from Austria. Factors such as infrastructure and weather conditions, market penetration, expected functionality of sensors, user acceptance and risk homeostasis were considered. A software tool was developed to calculate the crash reduction potential of the selected ADAS for the scenarios 2025, 2030 and 2040. The results show that the ADAS related to warning/braking have the greatest future reduction potential and could lead to a reduction of up to 8,700 crashes and 70 fatalities in Austria in 2040. In addition, the Intelligent Speed Assistance system would lead to an overall crash reduction of 8% compared to current crash numbers in Austria in 2040. The Turning Assistant for heavy goods vehicles shows the lowest reduction in crashes and casualties, but due to the highest severity per crash (93 fatalities per 1,000 crashes), it nevertheless provides an important contribution to the reduction of fatalities in road traffic. However, to benefit from the ADAS safety potential, it is highly relevant that these systems are used in a correct manner. In the future, it will be necessary to provide users with more information on the correct use, benefits and limitations of the respective ADAS and to integrate the use of these systems into driver education procedures and tests.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00658-w
Bin Hu, Georg Brandstätter, Johannes Müller, Patrick Stern, Alexander Schaffenberger, Arno Fallast, Samuel Lesak, Dieter Meinhard
This paper explores the feasibility and potential implications of automated air-taxis as a new mode of urban transport. By applying flight simulation and operations research, we investigate different questions regarding travel time, travel costs, and transport sustainability. As practical application, we consider the transportation service between the city and the airport, as well as on-demand air-taxi services within the city of Vienna. We compare the air-taxis with gasoline taxis and e-taxis, as they serve analogous transportation needs and cater to a similar clientele. In our effort to assess the feasibility of air-taxis, we aim to answer crucial questions that will influence the future of urban transportation. Our study examines how efficient air-taxis are in reducing travel time and explores their cost dynamics, addressing the affordability for passengers and their value of travel time savings. Additionally, we investigate their environmental impact by looking into energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Through a rigorous analysis of empirical data and simulation outcomes, we aim to provide a comprehensive perspective that informs policy decisions and guides the evolution of urban transportation networks in the years to come.
{"title":"Assessing automated air-taxis for urban mobility","authors":"Bin Hu, Georg Brandstätter, Johannes Müller, Patrick Stern, Alexander Schaffenberger, Arno Fallast, Samuel Lesak, Dieter Meinhard","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00658-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00658-w","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the feasibility and potential implications of automated air-taxis as a new mode of urban transport. By applying flight simulation and operations research, we investigate different questions regarding travel time, travel costs, and transport sustainability. As practical application, we consider the transportation service between the city and the airport, as well as on-demand air-taxi services within the city of Vienna. We compare the air-taxis with gasoline taxis and e-taxis, as they serve analogous transportation needs and cater to a similar clientele. In our effort to assess the feasibility of air-taxis, we aim to answer crucial questions that will influence the future of urban transportation. Our study examines how efficient air-taxis are in reducing travel time and explores their cost dynamics, addressing the affordability for passengers and their value of travel time savings. Additionally, we investigate their environmental impact by looking into energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Through a rigorous analysis of empirical data and simulation outcomes, we aim to provide a comprehensive perspective that informs policy decisions and guides the evolution of urban transportation networks in the years to come.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141520073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00653-1
Apostolos Ziakopoulos, Maria G. Oikonomou, Marios Sekadakis, George Yannis
The widespread adoption of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) is being propelled, not only in the realm of private vehicles but also within transit systems. This development serves to enhance urban transport activities, rendering transportation more appealing to passengers. The present study aims to identify and examine the safety effects of testing different operational speed shuttle bus services in various future mobility conditions. To investigate impacts of autonomous shuttle bus services and to further examine their operational speed, the microscopic simulation method was performed. Specifically, four sets of simulation scenarios were comprised: a baseline scenario representing the current conditions and three operational speed scenarios (15 km/h, 30 km/h and 45 km/h) for an autonomous shuttle service. Each one of these sets included eleven CAV market penetration rates (MPRs) of CAVs of the general traffic (ranging from 0 to 100% in 10% increments). By analyzing the trajectory data extracted from microsimulation, traffic conflicts were identified and further analyzed by developing Mixed-Effects Multinomial Logit Regression models (ME-MLMs) in order to associate conflict type taking into account network characteristics as well as traffic conditions. Several aspects were determined as statistical significant parameters influencing type of conflict. The analysis yielded several significant findings that provide quantitative measurements and assessments of the effects observed, enabling a better understanding of the safety implications associated with the widespread adoption of automated services.
{"title":"Safety evaluation via conflict classification during automated shuttle bus service operations","authors":"Apostolos Ziakopoulos, Maria G. Oikonomou, Marios Sekadakis, George Yannis","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00653-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00653-1","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread adoption of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) is being propelled, not only in the realm of private vehicles but also within transit systems. This development serves to enhance urban transport activities, rendering transportation more appealing to passengers. The present study aims to identify and examine the safety effects of testing different operational speed shuttle bus services in various future mobility conditions. To investigate impacts of autonomous shuttle bus services and to further examine their operational speed, the microscopic simulation method was performed. Specifically, four sets of simulation scenarios were comprised: a baseline scenario representing the current conditions and three operational speed scenarios (15 km/h, 30 km/h and 45 km/h) for an autonomous shuttle service. Each one of these sets included eleven CAV market penetration rates (MPRs) of CAVs of the general traffic (ranging from 0 to 100% in 10% increments). By analyzing the trajectory data extracted from microsimulation, traffic conflicts were identified and further analyzed by developing Mixed-Effects Multinomial Logit Regression models (ME-MLMs) in order to associate conflict type taking into account network characteristics as well as traffic conditions. Several aspects were determined as statistical significant parameters influencing type of conflict. The analysis yielded several significant findings that provide quantitative measurements and assessments of the effects observed, enabling a better understanding of the safety implications associated with the widespread adoption of automated services.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-20DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00661-1
Rubén Cordera, Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, Borja Alonso, Luigi dell’Olio
Understanding which aspects can have the greatest influence on the performance, comfort and safety of a public transport system can be of great help in improving its operation and promoting more sustainable mobility. To find out more about these aspects, a survey was carried out among more than 180 drivers of urban bus transport systems in seven medium-sized cities in Spain. The drivers' perspective has been insufficiently taken into account in previous research, despite the fact that these workers have a high and direct knowledge of the operation and problems directly affecting the service. The data collected through this survey have been analysed using descriptive statistics and an Ordered Probit model. The results have allowed us to detect specific aspects to improve the performance and comfort of users and drivers such as the correct location and length of bus stops and enforcing regulation to ensure that buses have priority in traffic and that illegal parking does not interfere with their operations. In addition, bus lanes were seen as important by drivers to improve the comfort and safety of the service. Other factors related to safety were generally highly rated and there was little dispersion in the responses about their importance, although aspects such as proper visibility, avoiding illegal parking, and campaigns to encourage bus users to be aware of their surroundings stood out in the answers. Finally, the payment system was highlighted as very relevant to ensure the performance and comfort of users and drivers during the operation at bus stops. Improving this system was identified as the measure that could have the greatest impact on the performance of the service as a whole.
{"title":"Good practices on transit operation design: bus drivers’ perspective","authors":"Rubén Cordera, Margarita Novales, Alfonso Orro, Borja Alonso, Luigi dell’Olio","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00661-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00661-1","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding which aspects can have the greatest influence on the performance, comfort and safety of a public transport system can be of great help in improving its operation and promoting more sustainable mobility. To find out more about these aspects, a survey was carried out among more than 180 drivers of urban bus transport systems in seven medium-sized cities in Spain. The drivers' perspective has been insufficiently taken into account in previous research, despite the fact that these workers have a high and direct knowledge of the operation and problems directly affecting the service. The data collected through this survey have been analysed using descriptive statistics and an Ordered Probit model. The results have allowed us to detect specific aspects to improve the performance and comfort of users and drivers such as the correct location and length of bus stops and enforcing regulation to ensure that buses have priority in traffic and that illegal parking does not interfere with their operations. In addition, bus lanes were seen as important by drivers to improve the comfort and safety of the service. Other factors related to safety were generally highly rated and there was little dispersion in the responses about their importance, although aspects such as proper visibility, avoiding illegal parking, and campaigns to encourage bus users to be aware of their surroundings stood out in the answers. Finally, the payment system was highlighted as very relevant to ensure the performance and comfort of users and drivers during the operation at bus stops. Improving this system was identified as the measure that could have the greatest impact on the performance of the service as a whole.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00659-9
Lukas Barthelmes, Gabriel Wilkes, Martin Kagerbauer, Peter Vortisch
Autonomous on-demand services as part of public transport are discussed to improve public transport substantially. A household survey in Karlsruhe, Germany, was conducted among inhabitants of a residential area where a combined autonomous and on-demand minibus service with automation level 4 was offered. The study investigates the residents’ appraisal of this service and reasons for using and not using it. Results indicate that people generally have a positive attitude towards it and are willing to use it in the future. Difficulties are found in travel speed, availability, and complexity of using such a new service. Favorable factors in the intention to use the service are having a mobility impairment, being open to other forms of new mobility, and not having a car in the household. In the future, to be successful, such services should improve travel times and reliability and address issues of their primary target group, such as the high complexity of accessing these services.
{"title":"Exploring the determinants of autonomous minibus adoption: empirical findings from a demand-based service in Germany","authors":"Lukas Barthelmes, Gabriel Wilkes, Martin Kagerbauer, Peter Vortisch","doi":"10.1186/s12544-024-00659-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00659-9","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous on-demand services as part of public transport are discussed to improve public transport substantially. A household survey in Karlsruhe, Germany, was conducted among inhabitants of a residential area where a combined autonomous and on-demand minibus service with automation level 4 was offered. The study investigates the residents’ appraisal of this service and reasons for using and not using it. Results indicate that people generally have a positive attitude towards it and are willing to use it in the future. Difficulties are found in travel speed, availability, and complexity of using such a new service. Favorable factors in the intention to use the service are having a mobility impairment, being open to other forms of new mobility, and not having a car in the household. In the future, to be successful, such services should improve travel times and reliability and address issues of their primary target group, such as the high complexity of accessing these services.","PeriodicalId":12079,"journal":{"name":"European Transport Research Review","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00652-2
Nina Thomsen, Angelika Schulz
Road-based transport is a significant contributor to global transport emissions of greenhouse gases and local pollutants, thus contributing to the environmental impact of the mobility of people and goods. In order to develop strategies to mitigate this impact, it is necessary to build reliable emission inventories that include sector-specific emissions. Furthermore, the methods for creating these inventories should be applicable for forecasts and scenario calculations to facilitate the evaluation of pathways towards a more sustainable transport system. The study at hand proposes a model-based framework to predict travel demand and its spatial distribution for a bottom-up calculation of road transport emissions in Europe. With this framework, it is possible to calculate emissions based on the road network structure, traffic flows and vehicle types. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the framework for scenario calculations, it is applied to three exemplary scenarios where population data is modified. With the developed methodology, a tool for the large-scale assessment of emissions from road transport is provided, which is able to simulate the impact of socio-economic and economic changes on these emissions.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00657-x
Iwan Porojkow, Sven Lißner
Dockless e-scooter schemes have seen increasing popularity in 28 German cities. Increasing use on insufficiently dimensioned bicycle infrastructure can lead to conflicts between e-scooter riders and cyclists. A new approach was developed in order to detect potential zones of conflict by overlaying aggregated bicycle and e-scooter trajectories in the City of Dresden, Germany. Bicycle data is being obtained by the annual STADTRADELN campaign where cyclists record and transmit daily trips via GPS for a period of three weeks. Simultaneously, e-scooter API data has been collected over a course of 8 weeks from June to September 2021. Origin/Destination data has been generated and routed over a OSM network in order to obtain aggregate d e-scooter flows. We extrapolated the aggregated bicycle data to match them with the timeframe of the e-scooter data acquisition. Afterwards we spatially joined both: bicycle and e-scooter flows and calculated the link wise proportion of e-scooter trips in relation to bicycle trip volumes. Two important findings emerged: (1) Residential roads have a higher proportion of e-scooter trips. (2) E-scooters are exposed to high bicycle trip volumes on primary roads with bicycle infrastructure. We conclude that this approach can detect possible links of conflict, where overtaking cyclists or insufficient space can lead to dangerous situations. That approach is biased towards a missing route choice model for e-scooter riders or better route data of e-scooters, which needs further research.
无桩电动滑板车计划在德国 28 个城市越来越受欢迎。在尺寸不足的自行车基础设施上越来越多地使用电动滑板车，可能会导致电动滑板车骑行者与自行车骑行者之间发生冲突。我们开发了一种新方法，通过叠加德国德累斯顿市自行车和电动滑板车的总轨迹来检测潜在的冲突区域。自行车数据是通过每年的 STADTRADELN 活动获得的，在该活动中，自行车骑行者通过 GPS 记录并传输每日行程，为期三周。同时，在 2021 年 6 月至 9 月的 8 周时间内，还收集了电动摩托车 API 数据。起点/终点数据通过 OSM 网络生成和路由，以获得电动摩托车的总流量。我们推断了自行车的汇总数据，使其与电动摩托车数据采集的时间范围相匹配。之后，我们将自行车流和电动摩托车流进行空间连接，并计算出电动摩托车出行量占自行车出行量的比例。我们得出了两个重要发现：（1）住宅区道路的电动摩托车出行比例较高。(2）在有自行车基础设施的主干道上，电动滑板车的自行车出行量较高。我们的结论是，这种方法可以发现可能的冲突环节，在这些环节中，自行车超车或空间不足可能导致危险情况。这种方法偏重于缺失的电动滑板车骑行者路线选择模型或更好的电动滑板车路线数据，这需要进一步研究。
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