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Correction: Urban (UMaaS) and rural (RMaaS) mobility as a service (MaaS): practical insights from international practitioners and experts 更正:城市(UMaaS)和农村(RMaaS)移动即服务(MaaS):国际从业者和专家的实用见解
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00656-y
Jenny Milne, Mark Beecroft, John D. Nelson, Philip Greening, Caitlin Cottrill, Steve Wright
<p><b>Correction</b>: <b><i>Eur. Transp. Res. Rev.</i></b><b> 16, 5 (2024)</b>.</p><p><b>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-023-00620-2</b>.</p><p>Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported 2 errors in the article. First, under Sect. 4.2.2 Governance and political collaboration, page 10 paragraph 2 in PDF, the text [ADD REF] should be “The Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (2019) MaaS Pilot Projects: Optimising mobility. The Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, The Hague”.</p><p>Second, the Fig. 7 has been updated from:</p><figure><picture><source srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12544-024-00656-y/MediaObjects/12544_2024_656_Fig1_HTML.png?as=webp" type="image/webp"/><img alt="figure a" aria-describedby="Figa" height="598" loading="lazy" src="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12544-024-00656-y/MediaObjects/12544_2024_656_Fig1_HTML.png" width="685"/></picture></figure><p>To:</p><figure><picture><source srcset="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12544-024-00656-y/MediaObjects/12544_2024_656_Fig2_HTML.png?as=webp" type="image/webp"/><img alt="figure b" aria-describedby="Figb" height="598" loading="lazy" src="//media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs12544-024-00656-y/MediaObjects/12544_2024_656_Fig2_HTML.png" width="685"/></picture></figure><p>Fig. 7 in the original article [1] has been updated.</p><ol data-track-component="outbound reference"><li data-counter="1."><p>Milne, J., Beecroft, M., Nelson, J. D. (2024). Urban (UMaaS) and rural (RMaaS) mobility as a service (MaaS): practical insights from international practitioners and experts. <i>Eur. Transp. Res. Rev</i> 16, 5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-023-00620-2.</p></li></ol><p>Download references<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="16" role="img" width="16"><use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"></use></svg></p><h3>Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol><li><p>School of Engineering, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK</p><p>Jenny Milne, Mark Beecroft, Caitlin Cottrill & Steve Wright</p></li><li><p>Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia</p><p>John D. Nelson</p></li><li><p>Centre for Sustainable Road Freight, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK</p><p>Philip Greening</p></li></ol><span>Authors</span><ol><li><span>Jenny Milne</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Mark Beecroft</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>John D. Nelson</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>P
更正:Eur.Transp.Res.Rev. 16, 5 (2024).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-023-00620-2.Following 原文[1]发表后,作者报告了文章中的两个错误。首先,在第4.2.2 治理与政治合作,PDF 文件第 10 页第 2 段,文本 [ADD REF] 应为 "The Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (2019) MaaS Pilot Projects:优化移动性。The Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, The Hague".其次,图 7 已从:更新为:原文[1]中的图 7 已更新.Milne, J., Beecroft, M., Nelson, J. D. (2024).城市(UMaaS)和农村(RMaaS)移动即服务(MaaS):来自国际实践者和专家的实用见解。Eur.Transp.Res.Rev 16, 5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-023-00620-2.Download 参考文献作者及工作单位英国苏格兰阿伯丁阿伯丁大学工程学院Jenny Milne, Mark Beecroft, Caitlin Cottrill & Steve Wright澳大利亚悉尼悉尼大学运输与物流研究学院John D.NelsonCentre for Sustainable Road Freight, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UKPhilip GreeningAuthorsJenny MilneView author publications您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Mark BeecroftView author publications您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者John D.Nelson查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Philip Greening查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Caitlin Cottrill查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Steve Wright查看作者发表的文章您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者通讯作者致Jenny Milne的信出版商说明Springer Nature对出版地图和机构隶属关系中的管辖权主张保持中立。原始文章的在线版本可在 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-023-00620-2.Open Access 上找到。本文采用知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可,该协议允许以任何媒介或格式使用、共享、改编、分发和复制,只要您适当注明原作者和来源,提供知识共享许可协议的链接,并注明是否进行了修改。本文中的图片或其他第三方材料均包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中,除非在材料的署名栏中另有说明。如果材料未包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中,且您打算使用的材料不符合法律规定或超出许可使用范围,您需要直接从版权所有者处获得许可。要查看该许可的副本,请访问 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Reprints and permissionsCite this articleMilne, J., Beecroft, M., Nelson, J. et al. Correction:城市(UMaaS)和农村(RMaaS)移动即服务(MaaS):来自国际从业者和专家的实用见解。Eur.Transp.Res.Rev. 16, 31 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00656-yDownload citationPublished: 30 May 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00656-yShare this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative
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引用次数: 0
Local car markets in an emerging economy: exploring the dichotomous nature of car ownership growth 新兴经济体的地方汽车市场:探索汽车保有量增长的二分法性质
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00645-1
Wojciech Kisiała, Robert Kudłak
The intensive motorization growth observed in emerging and developing economies has attracted increased academic attention. However, many existing studies frequently investigate the car ownership determinants that are typical of Western countries and use aggregate measures that mask the role of imported used cars. This implies that there is an important research gap concerning the role of the second-hand vehicles as a source of car ownership growth in emerging and developing countries. This paper aims to reveal the dichotomous character of car ownership growth in an emerging economy and identify the determinants of local primary (new cars) and secondary (imported used cars) car markets. Using data from the Polish Central Vehicle Register containing entries for more than 20 million cars registered and applying the spatial regression models, we disclose that in addition to well-known determinants of car ownership growth, such as income, population density, and housing types, there may be other factors specific to emerging economies driving this process. Specifically, we test the influence of geographical distance on the source of the car supply and the number of companies and entrepreneurs importing and repairing used cars. The findings suggest that future investigations of motorization processes concerning developing and emerging economies should consider the scale of second-hand car imports and its impact on car ownership and seek country-specific determinants of the phenomenon.
新兴和发展中经济体的汽车化密集增长已引起学术界越来越多的关注。然而,许多现有研究经常调查西方国家典型的汽车保有量决定因素,并使用掩盖了进口二手车作用的总体衡量标准。这意味着,关于二手车作为新兴国家和发展中国家汽车保有量增长来源的作用,还存在着重要的研究空白。本文旨在揭示新兴经济体汽车保有量增长的二分法特征,并确定当地一级(新车)和二级(进口二手车)汽车市场的决定因素。利用波兰中央车辆登记处的数据(其中包含 2000 多万辆汽车的登记条目),并运用空间回归模型,我们发现,除了收入、人口密度和住房类型等众所周知的汽车保有量增长决定因素外,可能还有其他新兴经济体特有的因素在推动这一进程。具体而言,我们检验了地理距离对汽车供应来源以及进口和维修二手车的公司和企业家数量的影响。研究结果表明,未来有关发展中经济体和新兴经济体汽车化进程的调查应考虑二手车进口的规模及其对汽车保有量的影响,并寻求这一现象的特定国家决定因素。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of shared e-scooter usage and their policy implications. findings from a survey in Braga, Portugal 在葡萄牙布拉加进行的一项调查的结果
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00642-4
Gabriel Dias, Paulo Ribeiro, Elisabete Arsenio
Shared e-scooter systems have become an alternative for micromobility users in cities since 2017. The success of the shared e-scooter service can be related to the provision of more last-mile flexibility and convenience to users. They can also be seen as a replacement for private cars and on-demand ridesharing, especially in highly crowded urban environments. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to disclose the main characteristics that determine shared e-scooter usage and their policy implication in a medium-sized city in the North of Portugal. To meet this purpose, a survey was conducted, and statistical analyses were performed to correlate the sociodemographic characteristics of respondents with the willingness to use shared e-scooters. Results show that gender, origin of the trip, and the main mode of transport affect the usage of e-scooters, thus specific policies should be developed to decrease these inequalities. Special attention needs to be given to the creation and expansion of dedicated areas for e-scooter ridership, zoning, and some traffic calming measures to promote a safe, user-centric, and more pleasant environment for shared e-scooter riders.
自2017年以来,共享电动滑板车系统已成为城市微型交通用户的一种选择。共享电动滑板车服务的成功与为用户提供更多 "最后一公里 "的灵活性和便利性有关。它们也可以被视为私家车和按需共享出行的替代品,尤其是在高度拥挤的城市环境中。因此,本研究的主要目的是揭示决定葡萄牙北部一个中等城市共享电动摩托车使用情况的主要特征及其政策含义。为此,我们进行了一项调查,并对受访者的社会人口特征与使用共享电动摩托车的意愿进行了统计分析。结果表明,性别、出行来源和主要交通方式会影响电动滑板车的使用,因此应制定具体政策来减少这些不平等现象。需要特别注意的是,应创建和扩大电动滑板车专用区域,划分区域,并采取一些交通疏导措施,以促进为共享电动滑板车骑行者提供一个安全、以用户为中心且更加舒适的环境。
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引用次数: 0
What makes a railway station safe and for whom? The impact of transit environments on passengers’ victimisation and safety perceptions 是什么让火车站变得安全?过境环境对乘客受害情况和安全认知的影响
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00641-5
Vania Ceccato, Catherine Sundling, Gabriel Gliori
This study assesses patterns of victimisation and safety perceptions among passengers using railway stations across neighbouring municipalities in Sweden. Exploratory data analysis and logistic regression models underlie the methodology of the study, which shows that the geography of passengers’ victimisation differs from the geographical patterns found for the perception of safety. Findings show that passengers’ safety perceptions are more affected by the physical and social characteristics of transit environments than passengers’ victimisation. Yet, for those who have reduced mobility, the station affects the likelihood of their being victimised. Lack of staff and poor maintenance of the station are two significant attributes associated with the lower levels of safety perceived by passengers as well as levels of crime and panhandling at both the station and on the way to it. Compared with all passengers, women, but in particular those who identify as LGBTQI+ /Non-binary/Other, run a higher likelihood of feeling less safe. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
本研究评估了瑞典相邻城市火车站乘客的受害模式和安全认知。探索性数据分析和逻辑回归模型是研究方法的基础,研究结果表明,乘客受害的地理位置与安全感的地理位置模式不同。研究结果表明,与乘客的受害情况相比,乘客的安全感更多地受到公交环境的物理和社会特征的影响。然而,对于那些行动不便的人来说,车站会影响他们受害的可能性。车站缺乏工作人员和维护不善是乘客安全感较低以及车站和前往车站途中犯罪和乞讨水平较高的两个重要因素。与所有乘客相比,女性乘客,尤其是 LGBTQI+ /非二元/其他身份的乘客,更容易感到不安全。本文讨论了这些结果的理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing potential sustainability benefits of micromobility: a new data driven approach 评估微型交通的潜在可持续性效益:一种新的数据驱动方法
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00640-6
Antonio Comi, Antonio Polimeni
Promoting the shift from private cars to micromobility (e.g., bike, e-bike, scooter) can represent a valuable action to improve city sustainability and liveability. Micromobility can help to replace trips by individual private cars (e.g., daily short round trips) as well as to improve coverage and accessibility of transit services, and, subsequently, to reduce the traffic impacts (e.g., pollutant emissions). It can be seen as a potential solution to move people more efficiently in urban areas, as well as to push people towards a more active mobility behaviour, contributing to the well-being goals. In this context, the paper, rather than inferring the users’ propensity to change their travel mode, proposes a methodology to identify car trips that can be considered the most compatible with micromobility. Estimation of the potential demand (e.g., the upper level of car trips that could be replaced by micromobility) is carried out by exploiting the opportunity offered by floating car data (FCD) for characterising car trips. Its goodness is therefore evaluated through an application to a real case study (i.e., the city of Trani, Apulia Region, Southern Italy), divided into seventy traffic zones, and where a FCD dataset of about 5,200 trips was available. The FCD allowed the car trips to be characterised (e.g., origin and destination, path features) instead of using the traditional surveys. The results indicate that a significant share of daily car trips can be substituted (i.e., the most compatible) by micromobility (31% of car round trips in the case study), with considerable potential environmental gains (traffic emission reduction; less than 21% of total emissions from private cars). Results can be of interest to local authorities in integrating micromobility in urban mobility planning and promoting new sustainable transport alternatives, as well as to transport companies for designing new appeal services. The developed methodology is parametric and uses easy-to-obtain data available worldwide; thus, it can be easily transferred to other city contexts.
促进从私家车到微型交通工具(如自行车、电动自行车、滑板车)的转变,是改善城市可持续性和宜居性的重要行动。微型交通有助于取代个人私家车出行(如日常短途往返),提高公交服务的覆盖面和便利性,从而减少对交通的影响(如污染物排放)。这可以被视为一种潜在的解决方案,既能更有效地运送城市地区的人口,又能推动人们采取更积极的交通行为,从而为实现福祉目标做出贡献。在这种情况下,本文不是推断用户改变出行方式的倾向,而是提出了一种方法,以确定哪些汽车出行最符合微移动性。通过利用浮动汽车数据(FCD)提供的机会来描述汽车出行特征,从而估算出潜在需求(例如,可被微交通取代的汽车出行上限)。因此,通过对一个实际案例研究(即意大利南部阿普利亚大区的特拉尼市)的应用,对其优越性进行了评估,该案例研究分为 70 个交通区,并有一个包含约 5200 次出行的浮动汽车数据集。利用 FCD 数据集,可以对汽车出行进行特征描述(如出发地和目的地、路径特征),而不是使用传统的调查方法。结果表明,微型交通可以替代(即最兼容)相当大比例的日常汽车出行(案例研究中汽车往返出行的 31%),并具有相当大的潜在环境收益(减少交通排放;不到私家车排放总量的 21%)。研究结果有助于地方政府将微型交通系统纳入城市交通规划,推广新的可持续交通替代方案,也有助于运输公司设计新的吸引力服务。所开发的方法是参数化的,使用的数据在全球范围内都很容易获得,因此可以很容易地应用到其他城市。
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引用次数: 0
How can on-street parking regulations affect traffic, safety, and the environment in a cooperative, connected, and automated era? 在合作、互联和自动化时代,路边停车法规如何影响交通、安全和环境?
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-023-00628-8
Hua Sha, Rajae Haouari, Mohit Kumar Singh, Evita Papazikou, Mohammed Quddus, Amna Chaudhry, Pete Thomas, Andrew Morris
On-street parking is a commonly used form of parking facility as part of transportation infrastructure. However, the emergence of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is expected to significantly impact parking in the future. This study aims to investigate the impacts of on-street parking regulations for CAVs on the environment, safety and mobility in mixed traffic fleets. To achieve this goal, a calibrated and validated network model of the city of Leicester, UK, was selected to test the implementation of CAVs under various deployment scenarios. The results revealed that replacing on-street parking with driving lanes, cycle lanes, and public spaces can lead to better traffic performance. Specifically, there could be a 27–30% reduction in travel time, a 43–47% reduction in delays, more than 90% in emission reduction, and a 94% reduction in traffic crashes compared to the other tested measures. Conversely, replacing on-street parking with pick-up/drop-off stations may have a less significant impact due to increased stop-and-go events when vehicles pick-up and drop-off passengers, resulting in more interruptions in the flow and increased delays. The paper provides examples of interventions that can be implemented for on-street parking during a CCAM era, along with their expected impacts in order for regional decision-makers and local authorities to draw relative policies. By replacing on-street parking with more efficient traffic measures, cities can significantly improve mobility, reduce emissions, and enhance safety.
作为交通基础设施的一部分,路边停车是一种常用的停车设施形式。然而,联网和自动驾驶汽车(CAV)的出现预计将对未来的停车产生重大影响。本研究旨在调查 CAV 路边停车法规对混合交通车队的环境、安全和流动性的影响。为实现这一目标,我们选择了英国莱斯特市经过校准和验证的网络模型,以测试在各种部署情况下 CAV 的实施情况。结果显示,用行车道、自行车道和公共空间取代路边停车位可以带来更好的交通性能。具体而言,与其他测试措施相比,行车时间可减少 27%-30%,延误可减少 43%-47%,排放可减少 90%以上,交通事故可减少 94%。相反,用接送站取代路边停车位的影响可能较小,因为车辆在接送乘客时会增加走走停停的情况,导致更多的交通中断和延误。本文举例说明了在 CCAM 时代可对路边停车实施的干预措施及其预期影响,以便区域决策者和地方当局制定相关政策。通过以更高效的交通措施取代路边停车,城市可以显著改善流动性、减少排放并提高安全性。
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引用次数: 0
Why do we rely on cars? Car dependence assessment and dimensions from a systematic literature review 我们为什么依赖汽车?从系统文献综述中得出的汽车依赖性评估和维度
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00639-z
Jaime Sierra Muñoz, Louison Duboz, Paola Pucci, Biagio Ciuffo
“Car dependence” emerges as an academic concept supported by decades of multidisciplinary research, which aims to understand the factors that drive car-based choices. The variety of approaches and indicators used to interpret this phenomenon underscores its multidimensionality and highlights the necessity for a comprehensive framework to define and operationalise it. This paper contributes to this goal by conducting a systematic literature review that examines the indicators, associations, and meanings used by research in defining and quantifying car dependence. Results show that car dependence has been mainly studied considering transport demand, despite criticisms pointing out to the need of including accessibility and subjective perceptions as well. As a consequence, the paper proposes a holistic approach to the term car dependence by proposing six dimensions covering the full spectrum of the concept as presented in the academic literature. The findings also suggest to move towards harmonising measures of the concept, which would facilitate the development of policies and the assessment of their effectiveness.
"汽车依赖症 "是一个学术概念,得到了数十年多学科研究的支持,其目的是了解驱使人们选择汽车的因素。用于解释这一现象的方法和指标多种多样,凸显了这一现象的多面性,并强调有必要制定一个全面的框架来定义和操作这一现象。本文通过系统的文献综述,研究了在定义和量化汽车依赖性时所使用的指标、关联和含义,为实现这一目标做出了贡献。研究结果表明,尽管有批评意见指出有必要将可达性和主观感受也包括在内,但对汽车依赖性的研究主要是考虑交通需求。因此,本文针对汽车依赖性这一术语提出了一种整体方法,提出了六个维度,涵盖了学术文献中提出的汽车依赖性概念的全部内容。研究结果还建议对这一概念的衡量标准进行统一,这将有助于政策的制定及其有效性的评估。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring and visualising 15-min-areas for fair CO2 budget distribution 测量和可视化 15 分钟区域,实现公平的二氧化碳预算分配
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00638-0
Daniel Krajzewicz, Christian Rudloff, Markus Straub, Alexandra Millonig
The “MyFairShare” project develops fair CO2 mobility budgets for individuals. Here, “fairness” mainly depends on the people’s location as everyone should be able to access all destinations necessary to perform everyday tasks. Therefore, a basic understanding about the accessibility of facilities to visit within an area is needed, regarding all activities that must be performed. Given this, the amount of emitted CO2 is computed, assuming the use of sustainable modes while regarding reasonable ranges, i.e. a travel time of 15 min. In order to achieve this, a software system for computing this metric has been developed. It is based on open source applications and uses data that—besides public transport data in GTFS format—is freely available throughout Europe. This paper describes the method and presents the results of applying it to the project’s five Living Labs Berlin, Jelgava, London, Sarpsborg, and Vienna. The results show that besides population density, the possibility to use sustainable modes of transport highly depend on the land use mix, i.e. the allocation of facilities daily activities may be performed at in the vicinity of places of inhabitancy.
我的公平共享 "项目为个人制定了公平的二氧化碳移动预算。在这里,"公平 "主要取决于人们所处的位置,因为每个人都应该能够到达完成日常任务所需的所有目的地。因此,对于所有必须进行的活动,需要对一个地区内可访问设施的可达性有一个基本的了解。在此基础上,假定在合理范围内(如 15 分钟的旅行时间)使用可持续模式,计算出二氧化碳排放量。为此,我们开发了一个用于计算这一指标的软件系统。该系统基于开放源码应用程序,使用的数据除了 GTFS 格式的公共交通数据外,还可在整个欧洲免费获取。本文介绍了这一方法,并展示了将其应用于柏林、耶尔加瓦、伦敦、萨尔普斯堡和维也纳五个生活实验室的结果。结果表明,除人口密度外,使用可持续交通方式的可能性在很大程度上取决于土地使用组合,即在居住地附近可进行日常活动的设施分配。
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引用次数: 0
The problem of homogeneity of rail passenger delay compensation scheme rules in Great Britain: impacts on passenger engagement and operator revenues 英国铁路乘客延误补偿计划规则的同质性问题:对乘客参与度和运营商收入的影响
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-023-00618-w
Kacper Rossa, Andrew S. J. Smith, Richard P. Batley, Phillip Hudson
A rail passenger delay compensation scheme aiming at improving attractiveness of rail services and providing minimum customer service standards for delayed passengers operates in the European Union and Great Britain. British rail passengers are eligible to claim 50% of fare for delays of more than 30 min and 100% for delays of over 1 h. The scheme rules were chosen arbitrarily and are homogeneous across all ticket types and journey lengths. As longer journeys are usually more expensive and subjected to longer delays, long distance operators are likely to see more passengers being eligible to claim compensation. This, combined with higher engagement rates due to differences in sensitivity to lateness or opportunity cost of not claiming compensation is likely to have an impact on the differing revenue burden for operating companies. Against this background, this study aims to quantify the revenue impact of homogeneity of scheme rules for different types of train operators to advance understanding of the scheme’s costs and motivate further research into the economic rationale behind the scheme’s provision and design. An econometric model was constructed to empirically test the impact of performance levels and train operator characteristics on the compensation payments made to passengers through the ’Delay Repay’ scheme in Great Britain. The combined differences in the nature of operation and engagement levels mean that with delay levels and engagement increasing with journey length and fare, short, medium and long distance train operating companies (TOCs) repay on average respectively 0.3%, 0.8% and 1.8% of their ticket revenues, increasing the scheme’s proportionate burden on the revenues of long distance operators. Further research is needed to either explain the economic or regulatory reasons behind the differing revenue impact of the scheme on different types of TOCs or suggest how the scheme can be redesigned to take these differences into account.
旨在提高铁路服务吸引力并为延误乘客提供最低客户服务标准的铁路乘客延误补偿计划在欧盟和英国实施。英国铁路乘客有资格就 30 分钟以上的延误索赔 50%的票价,就 1 小时以上的延误索赔 100%的票价。该计划的规则是任意选择的,对所有车票类型和旅程长度都是一样的。由于较长的旅程通常费用更高,延误时间更长,长途运营商可能会看到更多乘客有资格索赔。这一点,再加上由于对延误的敏感度或不索赔的机会成本不同而导致的较高参与率,很可能会对运营公司的不同收入负担产生影响。在此背景下,本研究旨在量化不同类型列车运营商的计划规则同质性对收入的影响,以加深对计划成本的理解,并推动对计划提供和设计背后的经济学原理的进一步研究。我们构建了一个计量经济学模型,以实证检验英国 "延误补偿 "计划的绩效水平和列车运营商特征对乘客补偿金的影响。运营性质和参与程度的综合差异意味着,随着延误程度和参与程度随旅程长度和票价的增加而增加,短途、中途和长途列车运营公司(TOCs)平均分别偿还其票务收入的 0.3%、0.8% 和 1.8%,从而增加了该计划对长途运营公司收入的比例负担。需要进一步研究解释该计划对不同类型的隧道运营公司收入影响不同背后的经济或监管原因,或建议如何重新设计该计划以考虑到这些差异。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting the duration of motorway incidents using machine learning 利用机器学习预测高速公路事故的持续时间
IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-024-00632-6
Robert Corbally, Linhao Yang, Abdollah Malekjafarian
Motorway incidents are frequent & varied in nature. Incident management on motorways is critical for both driver safety & road network operation. The expected duration of an incident is a key parameter in the decision-making process for control room operators, however, the actual duration for which an incident will impact the network is never known with true certainty. This paper presents a study which compares the ability of different machine learning algorithms to estimate the duration of motorway incidents on Ireland’s M50 motorway, using an extensive historical incident database. Results show that the support vector machine has the best performance in most cases, but a different method may need to be used to improve accuracy in some situations. Results highlight the main challenges in accurately forecasting incident durations in real time & recommendations are made for improving prediction accuracy through systematic recording of various additional incident details.
高速公路事故频发,性质各异。高速公路上的事故管理对于驾驶员安全和路网运行都至关重要。事故的预期持续时间是控制室操作员决策过程中的一个关键参数,然而,事故对路网造成影响的实际持续时间却永远无法真正确定。本文利用大量历史事故数据库,比较了不同机器学习算法估计爱尔兰 M50 高速公路事故持续时间的能力。结果表明,支持向量机在大多数情况下性能最佳,但在某些情况下可能需要使用不同的方法来提高准确性。结果凸显了实时准确预测事故持续时间的主要挑战,并提出了通过系统记录各种附加事故细节来提高预测准确性的建议。
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European Transport Research Review
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