Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献_第2页

Effects of α-lipoic acid (LA) supplementation in high-fat diet on the growth, glycolipid metabolism and liver health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) 高脂饲料中添加α-硫辛酸（LA）对大口黑鲈生长、糖脂代谢和肝脏健康的影响

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110072

Tao Cheng , Jiandong Chen , Beiping Tan , Shuyan Chi

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of LA supplementation in a high-fat diet on the growth performance, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and glycogen metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Five diets were formulated including control diet (11.55 % crude fat, CF), a high-fat diet (17.80 % crude fat, HF) and three HF diets supplemented with 0.15 %, 0.20 % and 0.25 % LA (HL0.15, HL0.20 and HL0.25, respectively). In this experiments, HL0.15 and HL0.20 could improve the uniform for the growth of the largemouth bass, while adding 0.25 % did not significantly improve growth. The highest viscerosomatic index (VSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were measured in fish fed the HF diet. Compared to the fish fed HF diet, fish fed HL diets showed lower serum total triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycogen levels, and higher hepatic catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities. In addition, the mRNA expression for lipolysis genes in fish liver were increased and for gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis were reduced. The transcript levels of apoptosis-related genes were significantly down-regulated in the liver of largemouth bass in HL0.15 and HL0.20 groups compared to the HF group. Moreover, compared with the HF group, the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors was significantly reduced in HL groups, and the histomorphology of the liver were significantly improved. These results suggested that LA supplementation in high-fat diets could improve lipid utilization, glycogen accumulation, antioxidant capacity of fish liver, thus reduce the adverse effects of high fat diets on fish, and then improve the growth performance of largemouth bass.

本试验旨在研究在高脂饲料中添加LA对大口黑鲈生长性能、肝脏抗氧化能力和糖原代谢的影响。配制5种饲粮，分别为对照饲粮（粗脂肪11.55%，CF）、高脂肪饲粮（粗脂肪17.80%，HF）和3种HF饲粮，分别添加0.15%、0.20%和0.25% LA（分别为HL0.15、HL0.20和HL0.25）。本试验中，添加HL0.15和HL0.20能改善大口黑鲈的生长均匀性，添加0.25%对生长无显著改善作用。饲喂HF饲料的鱼的内脏体指数（VSI）和肝体指数（HSI）最高。与HF饲料相比，HL饲料降低了血清总甘油三酯（TG）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肝脏丙二醛（MDA）和糖原水平，提高了肝脏过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）活性。此外，鱼肝脏中脂肪分解基因mRNA表达量增加，糖异生和脂肪酸合成基因mRNA表达量减少。与HF组相比，HL0.15和HL0.20组大口黑鲈肝脏中凋亡相关基因转录量显著下调。此外，与HF组相比，HL组促炎因子mRNA表达量显著降低，肝脏组织形态学显著改善。综上所述，在高脂肪饲料中添加LA可提高鱼肝脏的脂质利用、糖原积累和抗氧化能力，从而降低高脂肪饲料对鱼类的不良影响，进而提高大口黑鲈的生长性能。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide association analysis study on host resistance against the Aeromonas veronii of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides 大口黑鲈对维氏气单胞菌抗性的全基因组关联分析研究。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110093

Meng Zhang , Xiao Ma , Zerui Wang , Yuqing Han , Zhilin Jia , Dongcai Chen , Yue Xu , Zhigang Qiao , Xinyu Jiang , Lei Wang , Hongxia Jiang , Miao Yu , Yongjing Li , Yawei Shen

Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) has become one of the most important freshwater economic fish farmed almost all over China in recent years. At the same time, the increasing outbreaks of diseases in its aquaculture process have caused substantial economic losses to this industry. However, at present, the genetic basis of disease resistance, including resistance against Aeromonas veronii infection, in largemouth bass is very limited. Therefore, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on host resistance against the A. veronii of largemouth bass was conducted in the present study. A total of 627 largemouth bass were artificially challenged by A. veronii, among which 160 of the earliest deaths and 173 of the final survivals were genotyped. A total of 3076 high-quality SNPs were used for further analysis employing two analysis models, of which six shared SNPs were finally identified as significant molecular markers with the explaining phenotypic variance ranging from 2.28 % to 8.95 %. Furthermore, seven candidate genes were identified, including one gene, T-cell surface antigen CD2, which is directly involved in T cell activation and the cellular immune response. Additionally, the other identified genes play roles in critical processes such as cell survival, inflammatory responses, and signal transduction. This study lays a genetic foundation for research on largemouth bass disease resistance and studies related to A. veronii. It also contributes significantly to the future development of the commercial production of largemouth bass.

大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）是近年来中国最重要的淡水经济鱼类之一。同时，其养殖过程中不断增加的疾病暴发给该行业造成了巨大的经济损失。然而，目前，大口黑鲈抗病的遗传基础，包括对维氏气单胞菌感染的抗性，是非常有限的。因此，本研究开展了大口黑鲈对维氏弧菌抗性的全基因组关联研究。对627条大口黑鲈进行了人工攻毒试验，对最早死亡的160条和最终存活的173条进行了基因分型。采用两种分析模型对3076个高质量snp进行进一步分析，最终鉴定出6个共有snp为显著分子标记，解释表型方差在2.28% ~ 8.95%之间。此外，还鉴定出7个候选基因，其中一个基因是T细胞表面抗原CD2，它直接参与T细胞活化和细胞免疫反应。此外，其他已确定的基因在细胞存活、炎症反应和信号转导等关键过程中发挥作用。本研究为大口黑鲈的抗病研究及相关研究奠定了遗传基础。对今后大口黑鲈商业化生产的发展也有重要贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Genomic insights into fibrinogen-related proteins and expression analysis in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei 凡纳滨对虾纤维蛋白原相关蛋白的基因组分析及表达分析。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110113

Qiang Hao , Xiuyan Gao , Mingzhe Sun , Yuan Liu

Fibrinogen-related domain (FReD) containing proteins are an evolutionarily conserved immune gene family characterized by the C-terminal fibrinogen (FBG) and diverse N-terminal domains. To understand the complexity of this family in crustaceans, we performed genome screening and identified 43 full-length FReDs encoding genes in Litopenaeus vannamei. Structural classification analysis revealed these putative FReDs could be divided into six types, including two reported types (LvFReDI and II) and four new types (LvFReDIII-VI). Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that FBG domains were highly conserved throughout and phylogeny clusters correlated strongly with gene type. We analyzed the temporal and spatial expression patterns of LvFReD genes based on the transcriptomes of developmental stages, adult tissues or pathogen infected tissues of L. vannamei. Most LvFReDs were expressed from larval in membrane stage, and exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns and immune-responsive transcription after challenge with bacteria or virus. Further time-course expression analysis suggested that LvFReDII genes with additional coiled-coil region were more sensitive to pathogens than LvFReDI genes. Our findings provided comprehensive gene sequence resources and expression profiles of FReD genes in shrimp, which give insights into clarifying the diversity and function of these genes in crustaceans.

含有纤维蛋白原相关结构域（FReD）的蛋白是一个进化上保守的免疫基因家族，其特征是c端纤维蛋白原（FBG）和多种n端结构域。为了了解该家族在甲壳类动物中的复杂性，我们对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）进行了基因组筛选，并鉴定了43个全长FReDs编码基因。结构分类分析表明，这些推测的fred可分为6种类型，包括2种已报道的类型（LvFReDI和II）和4种新类型（LvFReDIII-VI）。序列和系统发育分析表明，FBG结构域高度保守，系统发育集群与基因型密切相关。利用南美扁豆发育阶段、成虫组织和病原菌感染组织的转录组分析了LvFReD基因的时空表达模式。大多数LvFReDs在膜期幼虫开始表达，并在细菌或病毒攻击后表现出组织特异性表达模式和免疫应答性转录。进一步的时间序列表达分析表明，具有额外卷曲区域的LvFReDII基因比LvFReDI基因对病原菌更敏感。本研究提供了虾中FReD基因的完整基因序列资源和表达谱，为阐明这些基因在甲壳类动物中的多样性和功能提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Strain-specific virulence of Perkinsus marinus and related species in Eastern oysters: A comprehensive analysis of immune responses and mortality 东方牡蛎中海蚀斑孢及其相关物种的菌株特异性毒力：免疫反应和死亡率的综合分析。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110112

Seung-Hyeon Kim , Hyoun Joong Kim , S.D.N.K. Bathige , Soohwan Kim , Kyung-Il Park

In this study, we investigated the variability in virulence among different strains of Perkinsus marinus and other Perkinsus species in Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), examining the immune responses and mortality rates of oysters exposed to different Perkinsus isolates. Compared with the other assessed strains, P. marinus strain ATCC 50787 was found to induce significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and necrosis in oyster hemocytes. Perkinsus chesapeaki (ATCC PRA-65) elicited strong immune responses and high mortality in Eastern oysters at rates similar to those induced by the most virulent P. marinus strain. In contrast, P. olseni and P. honshuensis induced low levels of immune response and mortality. In vivo survival assays confirmed that strains inducing high immune responses in vitro also caused high mortalities in oysters. Our findings in this study highlight the importance of considering strain-specific virulence when studying Perkinsus infections in oysters. These findings have implications for understanding host–parasite interactions and managing Perkinsus-related diseases in oyster populations, particularly from the perspectives of aquaculture and conservation.

在本研究中，我们研究了东方牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）中不同菌株marinus和其他种类Perkinsus菌株的毒力差异，研究了接触不同Perkinsus菌株的牡蛎的免疫反应和死亡率。与其他菌株相比，P. marinus菌株ATCC 50787显著提高了牡蛎血细胞中的活性氧、一氧化氮和坏死水平（P < 0.05）。切萨apeaki Perkinsus chesapeaki （ATCC PRA-65）在东部牡蛎中引起了强烈的免疫反应和高死亡率，其死亡率与最毒的海洋假单胞菌菌株相似。相比之下，P. olseni和P. honshuensis诱导低水平的免疫应答和死亡率。体内生存试验证实，在体外诱导高免疫反应的菌株也导致牡蛎的高死亡率。我们在这项研究中的发现强调了在研究牡蛎中的珀金杆菌感染时考虑菌株特异性毒力的重要性。这些发现对理解寄主-寄生虫相互作用和管理牡蛎种群中的珀金氏综合征相关疾病具有重要意义，特别是从水产养殖和保护的角度来看。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of live and artificial feed on histology, biochemical indicators, gene expression, and bacterial resistance in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110169

Shunli Che , Jiawei Chen , Hai Zhang, Weizhen Xu, Yanwei Li, Xueming Dan, Zequan Mo

The mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a significant freshwater carnivorous species in Chinese aquaculture industry, and its farming scale is continuously expanding. The use of feed in aquaculture has become an increasingly common practice. However, the impacts of substituting artificial feed for live bait on fish's biochemical and immune responses are poorly understood. In this study, two hundred forty mandarin fish (weight: 5.60 ± 0.41 g) were divided into two groups and fed live bait or artificial feed (LB and AF groups) over a 63-day aquaculture experiment. We compared the differences between the two groups in terms of histology, biochemical indicators, gene expression, and bacterial resistance. The results showed that artificial feed promoted enhanced growth, evidenced by higher weight (p < 0.05). The AF group exhibited higher liver and intestinal somatic indices (p < 0.05), and histological examination revealed denser cytoplasmic content in liver cells, less fragmentation of renal tubular epithelial cells, and less detachment of intestinal epithelial cells in the AF group. Regarding biochemical indicators and gene expression, the AF group showed better performance in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism. The AF group maintained glucose balance (p < 0.05) and effectively regulated cholesterol transport (p < 0.05), promoting lipolysis (p < 0.05) while inhibiting lipogenesis (p < 0.05). In contrast, live bait consumption resulted in reduced lipolysis (p < 0.05), increased lipogenesis (p < 0.05), impaired endoplasmic reticulum function (p < 0.05), heightened inflammation (p < 0.05), and diminished antioxidant capacity (p < 0.05). Additionally, the LB group exhibited lower survival rates and lysozyme levels during bacterial challenges. Overall, artificial feed was more beneficial for the growth, regulate physiology and enhance disease resistance of S. chuatsi, highlighting its potential to improve fish health and increase aquaculture yield.

{"title":"Impacts of live and artificial feed on histology, biochemical indicators, gene expression, and bacterial resistance in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)","authors":"Shunli Che , Jiawei Chen , Hai Zhang, Weizhen Xu, Yanwei Li, Xueming Dan, Zequan Mo","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mandarin fish (<em>Siniperca chuatsi</em>) is a significant freshwater carnivorous species in Chinese aquaculture industry, and its farming scale is continuously expanding. The use of feed in aquaculture has become an increasingly common practice. However, the impacts of substituting artificial feed for live bait on fish's biochemical and immune responses are poorly understood. In this study, two hundred forty mandarin fish (weight: 5.60 ± 0.41 g) were divided into two groups and fed live bait or artificial feed (LB and AF groups) over a 63-day aquaculture experiment. We compared the differences between the two groups in terms of histology, biochemical indicators, gene expression, and bacterial resistance. The results showed that artificial feed promoted enhanced growth, evidenced by higher weight (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The AF group exhibited higher liver and intestinal somatic indices (<em>p</em> < 0.05), and histological examination revealed denser cytoplasmic content in liver cells, less fragmentation of renal tubular epithelial cells, and less detachment of intestinal epithelial cells in the AF group. Regarding biochemical indicators and gene expression, the AF group showed better performance in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism. The AF group maintained glucose balance (<em>p</em> < 0.05) and effectively regulated cholesterol transport (<em>p</em> < 0.05), promoting lipolysis (<em>p</em> < 0.05) while inhibiting lipogenesis (<em>p</em> < 0.05). In contrast, live bait consumption resulted in reduced lipolysis (<em>p</em> < 0.05), increased lipogenesis (<em>p</em> < 0.05), impaired endoplasmic reticulum function (<em>p</em> < 0.05), heightened inflammation (<em>p</em> < 0.05), and diminished antioxidant capacity (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Additionally, the LB group exhibited lower survival rates and lysozyme levels during bacterial challenges. Overall, artificial feed was more beneficial for the growth, regulate physiology and enhance disease resistance of <em>S. chuatsi</em>, highlighting its potential to improve fish health and increase aquaculture yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 110169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis of physiological and immune profiling of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) gills 鲫鱼鳃生理和免疫特征的单细胞转录组测序分析。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110087

Zhi-Guang Hou , Meng-Chao Xing , Jia-Xing Luo , Yi-Huan Xu , Li-Han Zhang , Xiao-Wei Gao , Jiang-Jiang Wang , Fazhan Hanafiah , Waiho Khor , Xin Hao , Xin Zhao , Cheng-Bin Wu

Gills are the main respiratory organs of fish and bear important physiological and immunological functions, but the functional heterogeneity of interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) at the single-cell level has rarely been reported. Here, we identified 19 cell types from the gills of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in combination with histological analysis. We annotated ILCM and analyzed its functional heterogeneity at the single-cell level for the first time. Functional enrichment analysis and cell cycle analysis identified ILCM as a type of metabolically active cells in a state of constant proliferation, and identified the major pathways responsible for ILCM immunoregulation. Histological analysis revealed the morphology and positional relationships of 6 cell types. Meanwhile, the gene regulatory network of ILCM was established through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and one transcription factor and five hub genes related to immunoregulation were identified. We found that pyroptosis might be an important pathway responsible for the immune response of ILCM. Our findings provide an insight into the physiological and immune functions of gills and ILCM at the single-cell level and lay a solid foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of ILCM immunity functions.

鳃是鱼类的主要呼吸器官，具有重要的生理和免疫功能，但单细胞水平上的片层间细胞团（ILCM）功能异质性很少报道。本研究采用单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）技术，结合组织学分析，鉴定了鲫鱼（Carassius auratus）鳃中的19种细胞类型。我们首次对ILCM进行了注释，并在单细胞水平上分析了其功能异质性。功能富集分析和细胞周期分析确定ILCM是一种处于持续增殖状态的代谢活性细胞，并确定了ILCM免疫调节的主要途径。组织学分析揭示了6种细胞类型的形态和位置关系。同时，通过加权基因共表达网络分析（weighted gene co-expression network analysis， WGCNA）建立ILCM基因调控网络，鉴定出1个与免疫调控相关的转录因子和5个中枢基因。我们发现焦亡可能是ILCM免疫应答的重要途径。我们的研究结果在单细胞水平上深入了解了鳃和ILCM的生理和免疫功能，为进一步探索ILCM免疫功能的分子机制奠定了坚实的基础。

{"title":"Single-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis of physiological and immune profiling of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) gills","authors":"Zhi-Guang Hou , Meng-Chao Xing , Jia-Xing Luo , Yi-Huan Xu , Li-Han Zhang , Xiao-Wei Gao , Jiang-Jiang Wang , Fazhan Hanafiah , Waiho Khor , Xin Hao , Xin Zhao , Cheng-Bin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gills are the main respiratory organs of fish and bear important physiological and immunological functions, but the functional heterogeneity of interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) at the single-cell level has rarely been reported. Here, we identified 19 cell types from the gills of crucian carp (<em>Carassius auratus</em>) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in combination with histological analysis. We annotated ILCM and analyzed its functional heterogeneity at the single-cell level for the first time. Functional enrichment analysis and cell cycle analysis identified ILCM as a type of metabolically active cells in a state of constant proliferation, and identified the major pathways responsible for ILCM immunoregulation. Histological analysis revealed the morphology and positional relationships of 6 cell types. Meanwhile, the gene regulatory network of ILCM was established through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and one transcription factor and five hub genes related to immunoregulation were identified. We found that pyroptosis might be an important pathway responsible for the immune response of ILCM. Our findings provide an insight into the physiological and immune functions of gills and ILCM at the single-cell level and lay a solid foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of ILCM immunity functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 110087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Atlantic salmon gill transcriptional response to natural infection with HPR0-ISAV (Isavirus salaris) in three Norwegian smolt farms 在三个挪威小鲑鱼养殖场大西洋鲑鱼鳃对HPR0-ISAV （Isavirus salaris）自然感染的转录反应

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110096

Ottavia Benedicenti, Maria K. Dahle, Shokouh Makvandi-Nejad , Adriana Magalhaes Santos Andresen, Torfinn Moldal, Hilde Sindre, Johanna Hol Fosse

Infectious Salmon Anaemia virus (ISAV) is an orthomyxovirus that causes large economic losses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) aquaculture. All virulent ISAV variants originally emerged from a non-virulent subtype, ISAV-HPR0. Transient ISAV-HPR0 infections are common in both freshwater and marine environments. ISAV-HPR0 infects juveniles, marine salmon at on-growing sites, and broodstock salmon. The shift in virulence from ISAV-HPR0 to the virulent HPRΔ is suggested to be a stochastic event that depends on the virus's replication frequency. Therefore, reducing the capacity to maintain ISAV-HPR0 infection within individual farms may limit the risk of emerging pathogenic ISAV variants and ISA disease. The absence of infection-related clinical signs and the lack of experimental models limit our understanding of ISAV-HPR0-host interactions. We characterise the host transcriptional response to natural ISAV-HPR0 infection, using Atlantic salmon gill tissues collected on three Norwegian smolt farms. The comparison of all infected (qPCR-positive) and non-infected (qPCR-negative) individuals revealed a classic antiviral response in the gills of ISAV-HPR0 infected fish in a site-independent transcriptomic analysis. Complementary analyses showed that the response to infection varied considerably between sites. Site-specific differences could be associated with a range of factors that are challenging to control in field studies, such as fish size, the stage of infection, and the presence of additional microorganisms.

Our findings enhance our understanding of how Atlantic salmon respond to ISAV-HPR0 infection, pinpointing common HPR0-induced antiviral response genes. Future studies should investigate whether these candidate genes limit virus replication in the gill for risk of novel transitions to virulence.

传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒（ISAV）是一种正黏液病毒，对大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar L.）养殖业造成巨大的经济损失。所有毒力强的ISAV变体最初都来自一种非毒力亚型ISAV- hpr0。短暂的ISAV-HPR0感染在淡水和海洋环境中都很常见。ISAV-HPR0感染幼鱼、生长地点的海洋鲑鱼和亲鱼鲑鱼。从ISAV-HPR0毒力到HPRΔ毒力的转变被认为是一个随机事件，取决于病毒的复制频率。因此，降低个体农场维持ISAV- hpr0感染的能力可能会限制新出现的ISAV致病性变异和ISA疾病的风险。感染相关临床症状的缺失和实验模型的缺乏限制了我们对isav - hpr0 -宿主相互作用的理解。我们描述宿主对自然ISAV-HPR0感染的转录反应，使用在三个挪威小鲑鱼养殖场收集的大西洋鲑鱼鳃组织。对所有感染（qpcr阳性）和未感染（qpcr阴性）的个体进行比较，发现ISAV-HPR0感染鱼的鳃中存在经典的抗病毒反应，这是一个位点独立的转录组学分析。补充分析表明，不同部位对感染的反应差异很大。特定地点的差异可能与一系列在现场研究中难以控制的因素有关，例如鱼的大小、感染阶段和其他微生物的存在。我们的研究结果增强了我们对大西洋鲑鱼如何对ISAV-HPR0感染作出反应的理解，确定了常见的hpr0诱导的抗病毒反应基因。未来的研究应该调查这些候选基因是否会限制病毒在鳃中的复制，从而降低病毒向毒性转变的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59) in Epinephelus akaara: Insights into its immune involvement and functional properties in viral pathogenesis, macrophage polarization, and apoptosis regulation 三边基序含59 （TRIM59）在akaara石斑鱼中的免疫参与及其在病毒发病、巨噬细胞极化和细胞凋亡调控中的功能特性研究

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110082

U.P.E. Arachchi , K.P. Madushani , K.A.S.N. Shanaka , Gaeun Kim , Chaehyeon Lim , Hyerim Yang , B.P.M. Vileka Jayamali , Yasara Kavindi Kodagoda , W.A.D.L.R. Warnakula , Sumi Jung , Qiang Wan , Jehee Lee

The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) superfamily is the largest family of RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases that is conserved across the metazoan kingdom. Previous studies in mammals have demonstrated that TRIM59 possesses ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and acts as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling. However, TRIM59 has rarely been characterized in fish. This study aimed to characterize TRIM59 from Epinephelus akaara (Eatrim59) and elucidate its structural features, expression patterns, and functional properties in innate immune responses and in the regulation of apoptosis. Eatrim59 is composed of 406 amino acids with a molecular weight of 45.84 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.25. It comprises a conserved RING domain, a B-box motif, and a coiled-coil region. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that Eatrim59 was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Eatrim59 was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined, with the highest relative expression detected in the blood, followed by the brain and spleen. Temporal expression of Eatrim59 was dynamically regulated in response to in vivo immune stimulation by Toll-like receptor ligands and nervous necrosis virus infection. In FHM cells overexpressing Eatrim59, an increase in viral replication was observed upon infection with the Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. This phenomenon is attributed to Eatrim59-mediated downregulation of interferon, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and other antiviral pathways. Moreover, macrophages stably overexpressing Eatrim59 exhibited a decrease in nitric oxide production and the formation of a filamentous actin structure upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation, indicating dampened M1 polarization. Furthermore, a decrease in apoptosis was observed in Eatrim59-overexpressing FHM cells under oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the multifaceted role of Eatrim59 as a regulator of innate immune response and apoptosis in E. akaara.

包含三元基元（TRIM）的超家族是在后生动物王国中保守的最大的环型E3泛素连接酶家族。先前在哺乳动物中的研究表明TRIM59具有泛素蛋白连接酶活性，并作为NF-κB信号传导的负调节因子。然而，TRIM59很少在鱼类中被表征。本研究旨在对akaara石斑鱼（Epinephelus akaara, Eatrim59）中TRIM59的结构特征、表达模式及其在先天免疫应答和细胞凋亡调控中的功能特性进行研究。Eatrim59由406个氨基酸组成，分子量为45.84 kDa，理论等电点为5.25。它包括一个保守的RING结构域，一个B-box基序和一个线圈-线圈区域。亚细胞定位分析显示Eatrim59定位于内质网。Eatrim59在所有组织中普遍表达，血液中相对表达量最高，其次是脑和脾脏。Eatrim59的时间表达受toll样受体配体和神经坏死病毒感染的体内免疫刺激的动态调节。在过表达Eatrim59的FHM细胞中，感染病毒性出血性败血症病毒后，观察到病毒复制增加。这种现象归因于eatrim59介导的干扰素、促炎细胞因子和其他抗病毒途径的下调。此外，稳定过表达Eatrim59的巨噬细胞在脂多糖刺激下表现出一氧化氮生成减少和丝状肌动蛋白结构的形成，表明M1极化受到抑制。此外，过氧化氢诱导氧化应激下，eatrim59过表达的FHM细胞凋亡减少。综上所述，这些发现表明Eatrim59作为天然免疫反应和细胞凋亡的调节因子具有多方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a synergistic blend of short- and medium-chain fatty acids as a dietary intervention for the effective management of Vibriosis in shrimp culture 评价短链和中链脂肪酸协同混合作为对虾养殖弧菌病有效管理的膳食干预。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110098

T. Sathish Kumar , B. Naveen Rajeshwar , T. Sivaramakrishnan , Sujeet Kumar , Vidya Rajendran , Shiva Kumar , Lane Pineda , Morvarid Rezvani , S. Saravanan

Vibriosis caused by Vibrio spp. is imposing severe havoc and adverse effects on shrimp culture. Antibiotics are the most widely used therapeutic measures against vibriosis. However, the uncontrolled use of antibiotics may spread the antibiotic residues and increase antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, a product based on a synergistic blend of short- and medium-chain fatty acids (Selacid® GG, herein referred as Sel) was evaluated against vibriosis in shrimp, P. vannamei. The shrimps (n = 30 in triplicate per treatment) were fed with Sel (0.0 %, 0.1 %, 0.2 % or 0.3 %) for 14 days. The shrimp were challenged on 8th day by immersion, and the samples were collected on the 6th day post-challenge and the 14th day post-feeding. The shrimp fed with Sel (0.1 %, 0.2 %, and 0.3 %) diet showed significantly higher total haemocyte count, while the phenoloxidase activity was significantly increased in the Sel 0.2 % diet fed group. Histological analysis unveiled inflammatory responses with haemocytic infiltration, encapsulation, and granuloma in Sel 0.2 % diet-fed shrimps with less degeneration and necrosis of hepatopancreas tubules and epithelial cells. qPCR analysis of vibrio loads in hepatopancreas revealed significantly lower vibrio count in all Sel diet-fed groups and further confirmed by culture-dependent method which showed significantly lower total vibrio count in the hepatopancreas and haemolymph of Sel 0.2 % and Sel 0.3 % diet fed shrimp. Growth parameters showed significantly higher values in weight gain, specific growth rate, and survival rate in Sel 0.2 % diet-fed shrimps. Thus, the current study confirms the efficacy of Sel (0.2 %) against vibriosis by enhancing the immune and inflammatory responses, reducing vibrio load and improving the growth and survival. Hence Sel, can be used as an alternative therapeutic for managing vibriosis in shrimp aquaculture.

由弧菌引起的弧菌病对对虾养殖造成了严重的破坏和不良影响。抗生素是最广泛使用的治疗弧菌病的措施。然而，不加控制地使用抗生素可能会传播抗生素残留并增加耐药细菌。在本研究中，一种基于短链和中链脂肪酸协同混合物的产品（Selacid®GG，简称Sel）对凡纳米对虾弧菌病的治疗效果进行了评估。每组30尾，每组3个重复，分别以0.0%、0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的饲料饲喂14 d。第8天浸泡攻毒，在攻毒后第6天和饲喂后第14天采集样品。添加0.1%、0.2%和0.3%硒组的对虾总血细胞计数显著高于对照组，酚氧化酶活性显著高于对照组。组织学分析显示，在sel0.2%饲料喂养的虾中，肝胰腺小管和上皮细胞变性和坏死较少，炎症反应包括血细胞浸润、包被和肉芽肿。qPCR结果显示，各组虾肝胰脏弧菌数量均显著降低，培养依赖法进一步证实，各组虾肝胰脏和血淋巴弧菌总数均显著降低。饲料中添加0.2%饲料的对虾的增重、特定生长率和存活率显著高于饲料中添加0.2%饲料的对虾。因此，本研究证实了0.2%的Sel通过增强免疫和炎症反应，减少弧菌负荷，提高生长和存活率来对抗弧菌病的疗效。因此，可以作为治疗虾类养殖弧菌病的替代疗法。

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引用次数: 0

lafK contributes the regulation of swarming motility of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and bacterial-host interaction lafK参与调节蜂窝状假单胞菌的群居运动和细菌与宿主的相互作用。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110071

Li He , Meiqin Mao , Hui Ge , Jiaonan Zhang , Jiaolin Zhang , Qingpi Yan

Flagella-mediated swarming motility plays a crucial role in facilitating the rapid colonization and dissemination of bacterial within the host. The swarming motility of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is intricately associated with its lateral flagella, and notably, the lateral flagella system of P. plecoglossicida encompasses a transcriptional regulator known as LafK. However, the regulatory role of LafK and its impact on bacteria-host interactions remain to be elucidated. In this study, we systematically investigated the regulatory role of LafK by constructing lafK deletion strain on the biological characteristics, virulence, and pathogenic process of P. plecoglossicida, as well as its impact on the host immune response. Our findings demonstrated that the deletion of lafK led to a significant down-regulation in the expression of type III secretion system-associated genes within the lateral flagella of P. plecoglossicida, consequently impairing bacterial swarming motility, biofilm formation, adhesion, and chemotaxis ability. Furthermore, in vitro infection experiments demonstrated that the deletion of lafK resulted in a diminished pathogenicity of P. plecoglossicida through down-regulation of flagella-related genes, thereby triggering an expedited immune response for bacterial clearance, and subsequently leading to reduced bacterial load within the host and attenuated tissue damage during infection. In summary, this study presents a novel theoretical framework for elucidating the regulatory mechanism of virulence in P. plecoglossicida.

鞭毛介导的群体运动在促进细菌在宿主内的快速定植和传播中起着至关重要的作用。蜂群运动与绒舌假单胞菌的外侧鞭毛有着复杂的关系，值得注意的是，绒舌假单胞菌的外侧鞭毛系统包含一个转录调节因子LafK。然而，LafK的调控作用及其对细菌-宿主相互作用的影响仍有待阐明。在本研究中，我们通过构建LafK缺失菌株，系统地研究了LafK对pleclossicida的生物学特性、毒力、致病过程以及对宿主免疫应答的影响的调控作用。我们的研究结果表明，lafK的缺失导致ppleclossicida侧鞭毛内III型分泌系统相关基因的表达显著下调，从而损害细菌的群集运动、生物膜形成、粘附和趋化能力。此外，体外感染实验表明，lafK的缺失通过下调鞭毛相关基因，导致pplecoglosiida致病性降低，从而引发加速的细菌清除免疫反应，从而减少宿主体内的细菌负荷，减轻感染过程中的组织损伤。综上所述，本研究为阐明棘球绦虫毒力调控机制提供了一个新的理论框架。

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引用次数: 0