Fish & shellfish immunology最新文献_第6页

Comparative analysis of the stress and immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) inoculated with live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis 大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）接种活的和灭活的piscirickettssia沙门氏菌后应激和免疫反应的比较分析。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110111

Danixa Martínez , Monserrat Garrido , Carlos Ponce , Yeraldine Zumelzu , Jose Coronado , Natacha Santibañez , Ana María Quilapi , Carolina Vargas-Lagos , Juan Pablo Pontigo , Ricardo Oyarzún-Salazar , Marcos Godoy , Ricardo Enríquez , Jose Luis Muñoz , Luis Vargas-Chacoff , Alex Romero

Piscirickettsiosis causes the highest mortality in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farming, and prophylactic treatment has not provided complete protection to date. In this study, we analyzed the immune and metabolic responses of Atlantic salmon inoculated with live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis, monitoring plasma markers related to immune and stress responses. The fish were inoculated with inactivated P. salmonis, live P. salmonis, and culture medium (as control group). Blood and head-kidney samples were collected on days 3, 7, and 14 post-inoculations (dpi). Glucose and lactate levels did not show statistical differences, while cortisol levels increased from day 3 to day 14 in fish inoculated with live P. salmonis and only at 7 dpi in those inoculated with inactivated P. salmonis. Furthermore, anti-P. salmonis IgM-type immunoglobulins increased up to 14 dpi in fish inoculated with live P. salmonis but showed no change in those inoculated with inactivated P. salmonis. Meanwhile, immune markers involved in type I responses (tnfα-1, ifnγ, and cd8β) and regulatory responses (il10, tgfβ-1, and cd4-1) displayed differences between fish inoculated with live and inactivated P. salmonis. In fish inoculated with live P. salmonis, there was a clear pattern of increase at both 3 and 14 dpi, while those inoculated with inactivated P. salmonis showed a greater increase at 3 dpi. Our findings suggest that the nature of antigen may influence humoral immunity (anti-P. salmonis IgM) and the gene expression of markers involved in type I and regulatory immune responses in Atlantic salmon.

pisciricketsiosis在大西洋鲑鱼养殖中造成的死亡率最高，迄今为止预防性治疗尚未提供完全保护。在这项研究中，我们分析了接种活的和灭活的大西洋鲑鱼的免疫和代谢反应，监测了与免疫和应激反应相关的血浆标志物。分别接种灭活沙门氏菌、活沙门氏菌和培养基作为对照组。接种后第3、7、14天采集血液和头肾标本。葡萄糖和乳酸水平没有统计学差异，而皮质醇水平在接种活沙门氏菌的鱼中从第3天到第14天增加，而在接种灭活沙门氏菌的鱼中仅在第7天增加。此外,anti-P。接种活沙门氏菌后，igm型免疫球蛋白升高高达14 dpi，而接种灭活沙门氏菌后，igm型免疫球蛋白没有变化。同时，参与I型反应的免疫标记（tnfα-1、ifnγ和cd8β）和调节反应（il10、tgfβ-1和cd4-1）在接种活沙门氏菌和灭活沙门氏菌的鱼之间显示出差异。在接种活沙门氏菌的鱼中，在3和14 dpi时均有明显的增加，而接种灭活沙门氏菌的鱼在3 dpi时增幅更大。我们的发现提示抗原的性质可能影响体液免疫(抗p。大西洋鲑鱼IgM)和参与I型和调节性免疫反应的标记基因表达。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary Astragalus polysaccharides enhance potency of inactivated Pseudomonas plecoglossicida vaccine in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) 饲料中添加黄芪多糖可提高大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）假单胞菌灭活疫苗的效力。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110107

Yueyang Song , Hui Chen , Huimin An , Yongyang Wang , Jianchun Shao , Meijiao Yan , Jingqun Ao , Xinhua Chen , Weini Zhang

Dietary Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) get wide application in aquaculture due to their excellent immunoregulatory effects. However, little is known about the effects of dietary APS on vaccine potency in fish. In the present study, large yellow croakers (Larimichthys crocea) were injected with formalin-inactivated Pseudomonas plecoglossicida after APS feeding for 14 d and then challenged by live P. plecoglossicida on 28 d post-vaccination. The results showed that dietary APS combined with inactivated vaccine could improve the survival rate, and alleviate splenic lesions and bacteria load post-challenge, thus exhibiting a better protection in large yellow croaker against P. plecoglossicida infection than inactivated vaccine treatment alone. Fish in APS + P. plecoglossicida vaccine group expressed a better antioxidant status by possessing a relatively higher serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and a significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content than those in vaccine alone group. Serum lysozyme (LZM) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities, and immunoglobulin M (IgM) titers were all improved in fish of APS + P. plecoglossicida vaccine group compared to fish in vaccine group. Furthermore, fish in APS + P. plecoglossicida vaccine group showed a lower down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6, and a higher up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, immunoglobulin (IgM) and T cell immunity-related cytokines, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-4/13A, and IL-4/13B, when compared with those in fish of vaccine group. These results suggested that dietary APS could assist inactivated vaccine to trigger stronger innate and adaptive immune responses against P. plecoglossicida infection. These findings further uncover the immunoregulatory mechanism of dietary APS, and provide valuable information for prevention and control of bacteriosis in fish.

饲料中黄芪多糖具有良好的免疫调节作用，在水产养殖中得到广泛应用。然而，人们对膳食中APS对鱼体内疫苗效力的影响知之甚少。本研究采用黄斑鱼（Larimichthys crocea）在黄斑鱼（Larimichthys crocea）饲养14 d后注射灭活福尔马林的plecoglosida假单胞菌，接种后28 d再用活的plecoglosida攻毒。结果表明，黄芪多糖联合灭活疫苗可提高大黄鱼的存活率，减轻攻毒后脾脏损伤和细菌负荷，对大黄鱼的免疫保护效果优于单用灭活疫苗。鱼在APS+P。与单用疫苗组相比，棘球蚴疫苗组血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性较高，丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低，表现出较好的抗氧化能力。APS+P组鱼血清溶菌酶（LZM）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性和免疫球蛋白M （IgM）滴度均提高。棘球蜂疫苗组与鱼苗组比较。此外，鱼在APS+P。与疫苗组相比，免疫球蛋白疫苗组的促炎细胞因子IL-1β (IL-1β)和IL-6下调较低，抗炎细胞因子IL-10、免疫球蛋白（IgM）和T细胞免疫相关细胞因子、干扰素-γ (IFN-γ)、IL-4/13A和IL-4/13B上调较高。这些结果表明，膳食黄芪多糖可以帮助灭活疫苗触发更强的先天和适应性免疫反应，以抵抗蜂鸟舌虫感染。这些研究结果进一步揭示了膳食中APS的免疫调节机制，为预防和控制鱼类细菌病提供了有价值的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Identification and functional analysis of a novel L-type lectin (NdLTL1) from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis 一种新型l型凝集素（NdLTL1）的鉴定与功能分析。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110116

Yuewen Jia , Yijie Liu , Wenli Zhang , Rongxiao Wang , Yuying Sun , Jiquan Zhang

This study investigates an L-type lectin, NdLTL1, derived from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis, emphasizing its role in immune defense through carbohydrate binding and bacterial agglutination. Bioinformatics analysis identified 179 lectin sequences, leading to subsequent investigations into the structure and function of NdLTL1. The open reading frame (ORF) of NdLTL1 spans 966 bp and encodes a protein consisting of 321 amino acids (36.25 kDa), which features a signal peptide, a transmembrane domain and Lectin_leg-like domain. Three-dimensional modeling revealed three antiparallel β-sheets characteristic of Lectin_leg-like domain, confirming evolutionary links with proteins such as VIP36. Protein-carbohydrate and protein-protein interaction studies showed that NdLTL1 binds to both carbohydrates like N-acetylglucosamine, peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and mannose, as well as sorting proteins (COPI/COPII). Gene expression analyses indicated that NdLTL1 exhibits the highest expression levels in cardiac tissues and significant upregulation in gills following exposure to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Recombinant NdLTL1 expressed in Escherichia coli was shown to bind multiple bacterial strains and exhibit calcium-dependent agglutination properties. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed concentration-dependent carbohydrate binding, particularly rapid for LPS. In vitro experiments suggested that recombinant NdLTL1 may promote bacterial growth under nutrient-limited conditions while potentially triggering immune defenses indirectly.

本研究研究了一种l型凝集素NdLTL1，该凝集素来源于Neocaridina denticulata sinensis，强调了其通过碳水化合物结合和细菌凝集在免疫防御中的作用。生物信息学分析鉴定了179个凝集素序列，从而对NdLTL1的结构和功能进行了后续研究。NdLTL1的开放阅读框（ORF）全长966 bp，编码321个氨基酸（36.25 kDa）的蛋白，具有信号肽、跨膜结构域和lectin_leg -样结构域。三维模型揭示了凝集素腿状结构域的三个反平行β片特征，证实了与VIP36等蛋白质的进化联系。蛋白质-碳水化合物和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用研究表明，NdLTL1与n-乙酰氨基葡萄糖、肽聚糖、脂多糖（LPS）和甘露糖等碳水化合物以及分选蛋白（COPI/COPII）结合。基因表达分析表明，NdLTL1在心脏组织中表达水平最高，暴露于副溶血性弧菌后，NdLTL1在鳃中表达水平显著上调。在大肠杆菌中表达的重组NdLTL1被证明可以结合多种细菌菌株，并表现出钙依赖性凝集特性。酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）证实了浓度依赖性碳水化合物结合，对LPS尤其快速。体外实验表明，重组NdLTL1可能在营养受限条件下促进细菌生长，同时可能间接触发免疫防御。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating serum proteinogram methodologies for the diagnosis of inflammation in fish: Acute and chronic patterns in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) injected with λ-carrageenan 评估血清蛋白图方法诊断鱼类炎症：注射了λ-卡拉胶的金头海鲷（Sparus aurata）的急性和慢性模式。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110084

Jose Carlos Campos-Sánchez, María Ángeles Esteban, Francisco A. Guardiola

Proteinogram is a semiquantitative method specially used in clinic to separate the serum proteins from patients for use in the diagnosis of diseases. However, this methodology has only been applied very recently with this approach in farmed fish. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the changes in the serum proteinogram of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), after triggering an acute or chronic sterile inflammation. For this, two experiments were carried out: i) Acute inflammation experiment: seabream specimens were injected intramuscularly with 50 μL of λ-carrageenan (0.5 mg fish⁻¹) or buffer (control) and blood samples were collected at 3, 6 and 24 h post-injection; ii) Chronic inflammation experiment: specimens were injected at 0, 7 and 14 days with 500, 250 and 250 μL of λ-carrageenan, respectively (20 mg fish⁻¹) or buffer, and blood samples were collected at 15 days post-injection. In both cases, serum was obtained and processed by electropherograms and HPLC-mass spectrometry. Results of electropherograms of control fish revealed four major proteins of 19.5, 76.3, 104.4, and 156.7 kDa in the serum. These four proteins were correlated with apolipoprotein A-II (II (the counterpart of mammalian albumin, Apo fraction), serotransferrin (β fraction), inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3-like (α1 fraction) and α-2-macroglobulin-like (α2 fraction) according to the results obtained with HPLC-mass spectrometry. In a statistical view (p < 0.05), no variations were detected in the four major serum protein bands between the control and the acutely inflamed groups. However, in chronically inflamed fish, the Apo fraction decreased statistically compared to the control group. In contrast, the α1 and α2 fractions were statistically increased in the serum of fish sampled 15 days after λ-carrageenan injection, compared to those found in the control fish. α1 and α2 protein fractions are recognized indicators of inflammation in mammals. Consequently, our study presents a novel method for assessing both acute and chronic λ-carrageenan-induced sterile inflammation in gilthead seabream, which could be applicable to other marine species for diagnostic purposes.

蛋白图谱是一种半定量方法，专门用于临床分离病人的血清蛋白，以用于疾病诊断。然而，这种方法最近才应用于养殖鱼类。因此，本研究旨在探索金头鲷（Sparus aurata）在引发急性或慢性无菌炎症后血清蛋白图的变化。为此，我们进行了两项实验： i) 急性炎症实验：向鲷鱼标本肌肉注射 50 μL λ-卡拉胶（0.5 mg fish-1）或缓冲液（对照组），分别于注射后 3、6 和 24 h 采集血样；ii）慢性炎症实验：分别于 0、7 和 14 天给鲷鱼标本注射 500、250 和 250 μL λ-卡拉胶（20 mg fish-1）或缓冲液，分别于注射后 15 天采集血样。在这两种情况下，都会获得血清，并通过电泳图谱和高效液相色谱-质谱法进行处理。对照鱼的电泳图结果显示，血清中有四种主要蛋白质，分别为 19.5、76.3、104.4 和 156.7 kDa。根据高效液相色谱-质谱分析的结果，这四种蛋白质与脂蛋白 A-II（II，哺乳动物白蛋白的对应物，Apo 部分）、血清转铁蛋白（β 部分）、α-胰蛋白酶抑制剂间重链 H3 样（α1 部分）和α-2-巨球蛋白样（α2 部分）相关。从统计学角度看（p

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analyses of mRNA and circular RNA reveal dietary supplementation with freeze-dried Lactiplantibacillus plantarum primes immune memory of Whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) against pathogens mRNA 和环状 RNA 的转录组分析表明，通过膳食补充冻干植物乳杆菌可增强白对虾（Penaeus vannamei）对病原体的免疫记忆。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110091

John Paul Matthew Domingo Guzman , Reiko Nozaki , Mikio Aoki , Hiroshi Kuwahara , Kazuki Mikata , Keiichiro Koiwai , Hidehiro Kondo , Ikuo Hirono

The lack of a classical adaptive immunity renders the development of disease control and prevention measures in shrimp challenging. In this study, the concept of trained immunity was exploited in the development of a feed supplement. Penaeus vannamei shrimp was fed with feed supplemented with freeze-dried whole culture of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (FD-LAB) for 15 days. RNA sequencing using Illumina platform was performed on the gill and stomach tissues collected at specific time points during the feeding period (0^th day, 8th day, 15th day). Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) previously reported to have innate immunity- and immune memory-related functions were selected for validation. Additionally, the differential expression of putatively immune-related circular RNAs (DECs) were also explored as these noncoding regulatory RNAs may also influence host immunity. Challenge tests with either the acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing strain Vibrio parahaemolyticus D6 or White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) were conducted. Transcriptome analyses showed that FD-LAB supplementation resulted to DEGs and DECs related to pathogen recognition, antimicrobial peptides, transcription regulation, and immune memory. Challenge tests performed immediately after 15 days and 8 days of feeding showed protection on P. vannamei by FD-LAB against bacterial and viral pathogens. Increase in survival rates were also observed upon challenge with both pathogens 7 days and 14 days after last intake of FD-LAB, indicating trained immunity in shrimp. Our study highlighted the effects of FD-LAB on the innate immunity and immune memory of P. vannamei against bacterial and viral pathogens. These findings emphasize the possibility of immunostimulants inducing lasting enhanced immunity against infections despite the lack of a classical adaptive immunity in shrimp.

缺乏经典的适应性免疫使得对虾疾病控制和预防措施的发展具有挑战性。在本研究中，训练免疫的概念被用于饲料添加剂的开发。在饲料中添加植物乳杆菌（FD-LAB）冻干全培养物，饲喂凡纳滨对虾15 d。利用Illumina平台对采食期（第0天、第8天、第15天）特定时间点采集的鳃和胃组织进行RNA测序。之前报道的具有先天免疫和免疫记忆相关功能的差异表达基因（DEGs）被选中进行验证。此外，研究人员还探讨了推定免疫相关环状rna （DECs）的差异表达，因为这些非编码调节rna也可能影响宿主免疫。用急性肝胰腺坏死致病菌株副溶血性弧菌D6或白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）进行攻毒试验。转录组分析显示，补充FD-LAB可产生与病原体识别、抗菌肽、转录调节和免疫记忆相关的deg和DECs。饲养15天和饲养8天后立即进行的攻毒试验显示，FD-LAB对凡纳美弓形虫具有抵抗细菌和病毒病原体的保护作用。在最后一次摄入FD-LAB后的第7天和第14天，两种病原体的攻击也观察到存活率的增加，这表明对虾的免疫力得到了训练。本研究重点研究了FD-LAB对凡纳梅对细菌和病毒病原体的先天免疫和免疫记忆的影响。这些发现强调了免疫刺激剂诱导持久增强抗感染免疫的可能性，尽管虾缺乏经典的适应性免疫。

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引用次数: 0

Cell-free hemoglobin released from hemolysis induces programmed cell death through iron overload and oxidative stress in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) 草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）溶血释放的无细胞血红蛋白通过铁过载和氧化应激诱导程序性细胞死亡。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110106

Jialing Song , Ningjing Li , Yan Yang , Bing Chen , Jiaxiang Hu , Ye Tian , Li Lin , Zhendong Qin

Intravascular hemolysis releases hemoglobin (Hb) from red blood cells under specific conditions, yet the effect of hemolysis in aquaculture systems remain poorly understood. In this study, a continuous hemolysis model for grass carp was established by injection of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) to investigate the mechanistic impacts of sustained hemolysis. PHZ-induced hemolysis altered liver color, and subsequent hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed substantial Hb accumulation in the head kidney, accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration and vacuolization in liver tissue. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting confirmed that PHZ treatment significantly upregulated Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot confirmed that PHZ treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of iron metabolism-related genes and proteins, including transferrin (Tf), ferritin, ferroportin 1 (FPN1), transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3). Further investigation of PHZ-induced hemolysis effects on tissues showed that inflammation- and antioxidant enzyme–related genes in the liver and head kidney were significantly upregulated, indicating that hemolysis activated the antioxidant system and intensified inflammatory responses. Perls’ staining revealed iron deposition in the head kidney and liver at ten and fourteen days post-PHZ injection. Moreover, β-galactosidase staining and transmission electron microscopy showed increased cellular senescence and mitochondrial damage, respectively, as a result of PHZ-induced hemolysis. In vitro assays with hemin treatment demonstrated increased Fe2+ content in CIK and L8824 cells, which induced oxidative stress, upregulated iron metabolism and inflammatory genes, and ultimately led to cell death. These findings suggest that excessive Hb release during sustained hemolysis leads to iron overload, elevates reactive oxygen species production, disrupts antioxidant balance, and ultimately causes cellular damage.

在特定条件下，血管内溶血从红细胞中释放血红蛋白（Hb），但溶血在水产养殖系统中的作用仍然知之甚少。本研究通过苯基肼（phenylhydrazine， PHZ）注射建立草鱼持续溶血模型，探讨持续溶血的机制影响。phz诱导的溶血改变了肝脏颜色，随后的苏木精和伊红染色显示头部肾脏中大量Hb积聚，并伴有肝组织中的炎症细胞浸润和空泡化。实时荧光定量PCR和western blot证实，PHZ处理显著上调了铁代谢相关基因和蛋白的表达，包括转铁蛋白（Tf）、铁蛋白、铁转运蛋白1 （FPN1）、转铁蛋白受体1 （TfR1）、核受体共激活因子4 （NCOA4）、二价金属转运蛋白1 （DMT1）、前列腺3跨膜上皮抗原（STEAP3）。进一步研究phz诱导的溶血对组织的影响，发现肝脏和头肾中炎症和抗氧化酶相关基因显著上调，表明溶血激活了抗氧化系统，加剧了炎症反应。注射phz后第10天和第14天，Perls染色显示头部肾和肝脏有铁沉积。此外，β-半乳糖苷酶染色和透射电镜分别显示phz诱导的溶血导致细胞衰老和线粒体损伤增加。在体外实验中，hemin处理表明CIK和L8824细胞中Fe2+含量升高，引起氧化应激，铁代谢和炎症基因上调，最终导致细胞死亡。这些发现表明，持续溶血过程中过量的Hb释放会导致铁超载，提高活性氧的产生，破坏抗氧化平衡，最终导致细胞损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Vibrio harveyi uses both type III secretion system and quorum sensing for the colonization of the European abalone 哈维氏弧菌利用 III 型分泌系统和法定量感应在欧洲鲍鱼中定植。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110103

Amandine Morot , Christophe Lambert , Adeline Bidault , Alain Dufour , Sophie Rodrigues , François Delavat , Christine Paillard

The vibriosis of the European abalone, Haliotis tuberculata, is characterized by the rapidity of the infection by the pathogen Vibrio harveyi ORM4, leading to death of animals only after two days. The lethality of the pathogen is linked to the production of the type III secretion system (T3SS) and to genes regulated by quorum sensing (QS). The aim of this study was to investigate the colonization of the European abalone by both virulent and avirulent V. harveyi strains, as well as the involvement of T3SS and QS during infection. Our results emphasize the importance of gills for the bacterial establishment as the bacterial concentration of the avirulent V. harveyi strain significantly decreased from 189.3 ± 98.6 CFU/mg to 0.8 ± 0.5 CFU/mg between 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi). In opposition, the pathogen V. harveyi ORM4 was able to maintain itself on the gills, with a concentration of 461.9 ± CFU/mg at 48 hpi, which was allowed by the production of T3SS and a functional QS. Following the infection cycle of V. harveyi ORM4 inside H. tuberculata, we also demonstrated that QS is essential for the ability of V. harveyi ORM4 to colonize the abalone hemolymph and to maintain in it. In response to the presence of V. harveyi, an increase in reactive oxygen species production was recorded, while the phagocytosis activity remained unchanged. We also highlighted the involvement of both QS and T3SS to escape the immune system activity, and that an overproduction of T3SS induced hemocyte mortality. This study provides the evidence that both T3SS and QS are essential for the establishment of V. harveyi ORM4 inside the European abalone.

欧洲鲍鱼的弧菌病，结核鲍鱼，其特点是被病原体哈维弧菌ORM4感染迅速，导致动物仅在两天后死亡。病原体的致命性与III型分泌系统（T3SS）的产生和群体感应（QS）调节的基因有关。本研究的目的是研究强毒株和无毒株在欧洲鲍鱼中的定殖情况，以及T3SS和QS在感染过程中的作用。我们的研究结果强调了鳃对细菌建立的重要性，因为在感染后24至48小时（hpi），无毒哈维伊弧菌的细菌浓度从189.3±98.6 CFU/mg显著下降到0.8±0.5 CFU/mg。相反，harveyi V. ORM4能够在鳃上维持自身，48 hpi时的浓度为461.9±CFU/mg，这是由T3SS和功能QS的产生所允许的。通过对V. harveyi ORM4在结核分枝杆菌内的感染周期研究，我们也证实了QS对V. harveyi ORM4在鲍鱼血淋巴中的定殖和维持能力至关重要。结果表明，在V. harveyi存在的情况下，活性氧产量增加，而吞噬活性保持不变。我们还强调了QS和T3SS都参与逃避免疫系统活动，并且T3SS的过量产生诱导血细胞死亡。本研究提供了T3SS和QS对欧洲鲍鱼体内harveyi V. ORM4的建立至关重要的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Immune regulation differences in Large yellow croaker with varied resistance to Cryptocaryon irritans infection

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110159

Zhou Jiang , Ji Zhao , Rui Li , Qiaozhen Ke , Jiaying Wang , Yin Li , Shuimu Hu , Junjia Zeng , Fei Pu , Ning Li , Peng Xu , Tao Zhou

Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is one of the main marine aquaculture species in China, but has faced considerable losses due to Cryptocaryon irritans infection. In this study, we successfully established a C. irritans-susceptible population of large yellow croaker by genomic selection technology. We then compared the immune genetic mechanisms of this susceptible population with those of a large yellow croaker population from eastern Fujian in response to C. irritans infection. GWAS identified 44 significant SNPs across 11 QTL regions on different chromosomes associated with C. irritans infection, with most located on chromosomes 1 and 24. Notably, the QTL region on chromosome 1 overlapped with the resistance QTL region mapped in the C. irritans-resistant population previously established by our team, underscoring its crucial role in conferring resistance to C. irritans infection. RNA-Seq analysis revealed significant differences in immune responses between the two groups, with the susceptible group specifically activating the Jak/Stat signaling pathway and upregulating interleukin-related genes, including il11a, il-5r and il-20r. A combined analysis of the GWAS and RNA-Seq data revealed that cspg4 was located in the overlapping QTL region on chromosome 1 associated with resistance. Upon infection, the expression of cspg4 was significantly higher in the susceptible group compared to the control group. As a downstream factor of interleukins, cspg4 may regulate interleukin expression by activating the Jak/Stat pathway, thereby influencing the body's normal immune defense functions. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of host-parasite immune responses and highlight potential therapeutic targets.

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “The benefits of astaxanthin-rich microalgal powder on growth, health, and disease resistance against Fusarium solani in Pacific white shrimp” [Fish Shellfish Immunol. 156 (2025) 110059] “富含虾青素的微藻粉对太平洋白虾生长、健康和抗枯萎病的益处”的更正[鱼贝类免疫，156(2025)110059]。

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.110083

El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa , Basma M. Hendam , Hagar Sedeek Dighiesh , Heba E. Abd Elnabi , Salah El-Sayed Sakr , Hoda Kabary , Afaf N. Abdel Rahman , Moaheda E.H. Eissa , Norhan H. Ahmed

引用次数: 0

Influence of Vibrio anguillarum culture conditions on the efficacy of bacterin-based vaccines in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110133

Trung Cao , Hajarooba Gnanagobal , My Dang , Setu Chakraborty , Ahmed Hossain , Ignacio Vasquez , Katherinne Valderrama , Nicole O'Brien , Danny Boyce , Javier Santander

Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) is used as cleaner fish to control sea lice infestations in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farms across the North Atlantic. Vibrio anguillarum, the causative agent of vibriosis, is a recurrent bacterial pathogen affecting lumpfish. Bacterin-based vaccines are frequently used to control vibriosis in finfish, but their efficacy is not always consistent. Culture conditions significantly influence synthesis of bacterial outer membrane and secreted proteins, which are critical antigens, and thus impact the immunogenicity of bacterin-based vaccines. In this study, we assessed the effect of V. anguillarum culture conditions on vaccine efficacy in lumpfish. V. anguillarum was cultured under iron-limited at 15 °C, and iron-rich or iron-limited conditions at 28 °C with 2 % NaCl, and these cultures were used to prepare bacterins. A commercial vaccine was used as positive control, while PBS and PBS adjuvant were negative controls. Lumpfish were intraperitoneally immunized and challenged 12 weeks post-immunization with 10–100 times the LD₅₀ dose of V. anguillarum. Bacterins prepared from V. anguillarum grown under iron-limited conditions at 28 °C with 2 % NaCl and mixed with adjuvant conferred the highest protection compared to other preparations and commercial vaccines. In contrast, bacterins derived from V. anguillarum cultured under iron-limited conditions at 15 °C conferred the lowest protection. Reverse vaccinology and transcriptomic analyses of V. anguillarum grown under optimal immunogenic conditions revealed 323 upregulated genes, of which 211 were high-antigenicity proteins suitable for subunit vaccines. This study provides critical knowledge for effective vaccine formulation against V. anguillarum and identifies potential antigens for subunit vaccine development.

在北大西洋的大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）养殖场中，鳞鱼（Cyclopterus lumpus）被用作控制海虱侵扰的清洁鱼。弧菌病的致病菌鳗鲡弧菌是影响鳞鱼的一种经常性细菌病原体。以细菌素为基础的疫苗常用于控制鱼类的弧菌病，但其效果并不总是一致。培养条件会极大地影响细菌外膜蛋白和分泌蛋白的合成，而这些蛋白是关键的抗原，因此会影响细菌素疫苗的免疫原性。在本研究中，我们评估了鳗鲡培养条件对囫囵鱼疫苗效力的影响。在 15°C 的铁限制条件下培养鳗鲡，在 28°C 的铁丰富或铁限制条件下用 2% NaCl 培养鳗鲡，并用这些培养物制备细菌素。商业疫苗作为阳性对照，PBS 和 PBS 佐剂作为阴性对照。鳗鲡鱼腹腔免疫，并在免疫后 12 周接受 10 至 100 倍 LD50 剂量的鳗鲡鱼挑战。与其他制剂和商业疫苗相比，在28°C、2% NaCl的铁限制条件下生长并与佐剂混合的鳗鲡细菌制备的细菌素具有最高的保护能力。相比之下，在 15°C 铁限制条件下培养的鳗鲡菌产生的细菌素所提供的保护性最低。对在最佳免疫原性条件下生长的鳗鲡进行反向疫苗学和转录组分析，发现了 323 个上调基因，其中 211 个是适合亚单位疫苗的高抗原性蛋白。这项研究为有效配制鳗鲡疫苗提供了重要知识，并为亚单位疫苗的开发确定了潜在的抗原。

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