Fitoterapia最新文献_第8页

A comparative study of the hepatoprotective effects of the three processed products of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg: in vitro pharmacological investigation and integrating Network pharmacology 三种药材对肝保护作用的比较研究：体外药理研究与网络药理学整合。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107050

Zijin Xu , Shaoxian Wang , Hao Chen , Tao Lv , Zhiwen Zhang , Faxiang Pu , Zhangfu Xie , Longfei Feng , Ping Wang

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg (TDG), a traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plant, is historically used for liver injury treatment. Despite its ethnopharmacological significance, systematic studies on how processing affects its composition and efficacy remain lacking.

Aim of the study

This study aimed to compare the chemical profiles and hepatoprotective effects of extracts from TDG processed with three different Paozhi (TCM processing) methods (fresh, freeze-dried, and hot-air drying) and explore their mechanisms against drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

Materials and methods

Chemical constituents were analyzed via UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Hepatoprotection was evaluated using an acetaminophen (APAP)-induced human normal hepatocytes (LO2) cell model. Network pharmacology and molecular docking identified targets and pathways.

Results

Thirty-two compounds were identified across TDG extracts, with 13 shared and 19 unique to specific formulations. All extracts alleviated liver injury, but freeze-dried TDG (TDG-b) showed the strongest effect. Quercetin, procyanidin B1, catechins, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin emerged as key active constituents in TDG-b, targeting DILI through cancer, lipid and atherosclerosis, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) signaling pathways. Molecular docking confirmed robust binding between these compounds and core therapeutic targets.

Conclusions

TDG-b, a freeze-dried extract, optimally preserves bioactive constituents and demonstrates superior anti-DILI activity, validating traditional processing wisdom. This study bridges ethnopharmacological knowledge and mechanistic evidence, guiding TDG-based therapeutic optimization.

民族药理学相关性：四柱草（Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg， TDG）是一种传统的中药植物，历史上被用于肝损伤治疗。尽管其具有民族药理学意义，但加工过程如何影响其成分和功效的系统研究仍然缺乏。目的：本研究旨在比较三种中药泡治方法（新鲜、冷冻干燥和热风干燥）炮制的龙胆提取物的化学成分和肝保护作用，并探讨其抗药物性肝损伤（DILI）的机制。材料与方法：化学成分分析采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS法。采用对乙酰氨基酚（APAP）诱导的人正常肝细胞（LO2）细胞模型评估肝保护作用。网络药理学和分子对接确定靶点和途径。结果：在TDG提取物中鉴定出32种化合物，其中13种是共有的，19种是独特的。所有提取物均能减轻肝损伤，但冻干TDG （TDG-b）的作用最强。槲皮素、原花青素B1、儿茶素、山奈酚和异鼠李素是TDG-b中的关键活性成分，通过癌症、脂质和动脉粥样硬化、缺氧诱导因子1 （HIF-1）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）信号通路靶向DILI。分子对接证实了这些化合物与核心治疗靶点之间的强大结合。结论：冻干提取物TDG-b具有较好的保存生物活性成分和抗dili活性，验证了传统的加工智慧。本研究将民族药理学知识与机制证据相结合，指导基于tdg的治疗优化。

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引用次数: 0

Purpurin as a promising anticancer agent: A review of preclinical evidence 紫癜蛋白作为一种有前途的抗癌药物：临床前证据综述

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107052

Fui-Ling Voon , Yu Zhao Lee , Xiao Ying Ooi , Charlotte Zi Ern Tay , Ji Wei Tan , Chau Ling Tham , Yu-Cheng Ho , Ming Tatt Lee

Purpurin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone pigment, has gained attention for its promising anticancer properties. This systematic-narrative hybrid review summarises current preclinical evidence on its mechanisms of action, pharmacology, and translational potential. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to June 2025. Purpurin demonstrates selective cytotoxicity across multiple cancer models through redox imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibition of PI3K/AKT signalling, and upregulation of the tumour suppressor LHPP. It also interferes with amino acid and glutamine metabolism and suppresses oncogenic protein aggregation. As a photosensitiser, purpurin enhances photodynamic therapy through light-activated ROS generation. Despite these promising mechanistic insights, its clinical applicability remains limited by poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism, and insufficient pharmacokinetic and toxicological data. Early in vivo studies indicate favourable safety, and emerging nanoparticle-based delivery systems show potential to improve bioavailability and tumour targeting. Collectively, current findings highlight purpurin as a compelling candidate for further development in oncology, particularly as part of combination or photo-enhanced therapeutic approaches. Continued research is required to address existing pharmacological gaps and to evaluate purpurin in clinically relevant models.

紫癜素是一种天然存在的蒽醌色素，因其具有良好的抗癌特性而受到关注。这篇系统叙述的混合综述总结了目前关于其作用机制、药理学和转化潜力的临床前证据。截至2025年6月，使用PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus和谷歌Scholar进行文献检索。Purpurin通过氧化还原失衡、线粒体功能障碍、抑制PI3K/AKT信号和上调肿瘤抑制因子LHPP，在多种癌症模型中显示出选择性细胞毒性。它还干扰氨基酸和谷氨酰胺代谢，抑制致癌蛋白聚集。作为一种光敏剂，紫癜素通过光激活ROS的产生来增强光动力治疗。尽管这些有希望的机制见解，但其临床适用性仍然受到水溶性差，代谢快，药代动力学和毒理学数据不足的限制。早期体内研究表明良好的安全性，新兴的基于纳米颗粒的递送系统显示出提高生物利用度和肿瘤靶向性的潜力。总的来说，目前的研究结果突出了紫癜蛋白作为肿瘤学进一步发展的引人注目的候选者，特别是作为联合或光增强治疗方法的一部分。需要继续研究以解决现有的药理学空白，并在临床相关模型中评估紫癜蛋白。

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引用次数: 0

Coumarins and the science of timeless beauty: A natural anti-skin aging solution 香豆素和永恒美丽的科学：一种天然的抗皮肤衰老的解决方案。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107053

Yasser Fakri Mustafa

Background

Coumarins, naturally occurring benzopyrone derivatives, have long been valued in traditional medicine, fragrance industries, and therapeutics. Recent interest has surged around their anti-aging properties, particularly in skincare, due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective effects.

Objective

This review explores the role of coumarins as promising agents in combating skin aging, offering a natural alternative to synthetic cosmetics and contributing to the development of safe, effective anti-aging products.

Methods

An integrative analysis of historical, biochemical, pharmacological, and cosmetic perspectives was conducted, supported by traditional medicine records, modern preclinical studies, bioinformatics predictions, and formulation case studies. Emphasis was placed on coumarins' mechanisms of action, extraction methods, safety profiles, and their application in skincare formulations.

Results

Coumarins act through both direct and indirect antioxidant mechanisms, targeting pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, collagen degradation, and skin barrier dysfunction. Studies show that certain derivatives can inhibit MMPs and modulate sirtuin and AMPK pathways, mechanisms vital in anti-aging interventions. Traditional medicine has long leveraged coumarin-rich herbs to treat dermatological, circulatory, and neurodegenerative conditions. Case studies confirmed favorable cosmetic properties in formulations containing coumarins and hyaluronic acid. Comparative analysis with existing anti-aging ingredients revealed that coumarins provide multi-targeted, dermo-compatible action with fewer adverse effects. Despite regulatory constraints, coumarins remain widely used in skincare and perfumes, with growing interest in sustainable sourcing and green synthesis.

Conclusion

Coumarins represent a scientifically grounded, culturally enriched, and biologically potent class of compounds that align with modern demands for natural and effective anti-aging solutions. Their multifunctionality, favorable safety profile, and dermo-pharmacological compatibility support their potential as key agents in next-generation beauty products. Further interdisciplinary research and regulatory harmonization are essential for optimizing their use in cosmetic and therapeutic contexts.

背景：香豆素是天然存在的苯并吡酮衍生物，长期以来在传统医学、香料工业和治疗学中受到重视。由于其抗氧化、抗炎和光保护作用，最近对其抗衰老特性的兴趣激增，特别是在护肤方面。目的：探讨香豆素在抗皮肤衰老方面的作用，为合成化妆品提供一种天然的替代品，为开发安全、有效的抗衰老产品做出贡献。方法：结合传统医学记录、现代临床前研究、生物信息学预测和配方案例研究，从历史、生化、药理学和美容角度进行综合分析。重点介绍了香豆素的作用机制、提取方法、安全性及其在护肤配方中的应用。结果：香豆素通过直接和间接的抗氧化机制起作用，靶向氧化应激、炎症、胶原降解和皮肤屏障功能障碍等途径。研究表明，某些衍生物可以抑制MMPs并调节sirtuin和AMPK途径，这是抗衰老干预的重要机制。传统医学长期以来一直利用富含香豆素的草药来治疗皮肤病、循环系统和神经退行性疾病。案例研究证实含有香豆素和透明质酸的配方具有良好的化妆品特性。与现有抗衰老成分的对比分析表明，香豆素具有多靶向，皮肤相容的作用，副作用小。尽管受到监管限制，香豆素仍然广泛应用于护肤品和香水中，人们对可持续采购和绿色合成的兴趣日益浓厚。结论：香豆素代表了一种科学基础、文化丰富、生物有效的化合物，符合现代对天然有效抗衰老解决方案的需求。它们的多功能性、良好的安全性和皮肤-药理相容性支持它们作为下一代美容产品的关键制剂的潜力。进一步的跨学科研究和监管协调对于优化其在化妆品和治疗环境中的使用至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Uncovering chemical novelty from freshwater filamentous Cyanobacteria 揭示淡水丝状蓝藻的化学新颖性。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107055

Márcio B. Weiss , Jaewon Yoon , João P.B. Domingues , Fernanda R. Jacinavicius , Vitor F. Freire , Helori V. Domingos , Manoel O. de Moraes Junior , Camila M.C. Gonçalves , Sandra R. Castro , José A.L. Lindoso , Silvya S. Maria-Engler , Leticia V. Costa-Lotufo , Ricardo M. Borges , Roberto G.S. Berlinck , Camila M. Crnkovic

Natural products are a valuable source of molecules with therapeutic and biotechnological applications. However, the complexity of biological matrices and the increasing rates of rediscovery pose significant challenges in the search for new bioactive compounds. Exploring novel specimens from biodiversity and utilizing modern cheminformatics tools are essential to advancing natural product discovery. In this study, we employed metabolomics and bioassays to investigate the potential of filamentous cyanobacteria collected in Brazil as a source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. Extracts and fractions from eight freshwater cyanobacterial strains were tested for their general toxicity against Artemia salina, as well as antiparasitic and cytotoxic activities and analyzed by UHPLC-HRMS-MS/MS. Molecular networks were constructed from MS/MS data using the GNPS platform, and dereplication was guided by DAFdiscovery results for feature prioritization. Annotation and dereplication were conducted using SIRIUS combined with manual analysis of HRMS and MS/MS spectra. Our study identified three cyanobacterial strains as producers of potentially novel and bioactive metabolites for in-depth investigations.

天然产物是具有治疗和生物技术应用的分子的宝贵来源。然而，生物基质的复杂性和不断增加的再发现率对寻找新的生物活性化合物提出了重大挑战。利用现代化学信息学工具从生物多样性中探索新的标本对推进天然产物的发现至关重要。在这项研究中，我们采用代谢组学和生物测定法来研究在巴西收集的丝状蓝藻作为新的生物活性次级代谢物来源的潜力。采用UHPLC-HRMS-MS/MS分析了8株淡水蓝藻菌提取物和馏分对盐蒿的一般毒性、抗寄生虫活性和细胞毒活性。利用GNPS平台从MS/MS数据构建分子网络数据，并根据DAFdiscovery结果进行特征优先级排序。利用SIRIUS结合HRMS和MS/MS谱手工分析进行标注和反复制。我们的研究确定了三种蓝藻菌株作为潜在的新型和生物活性代谢物的生产者进行深入研究。

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引用次数: 0

Astragalus membranaceus improves blood glucose and renal function in diabetic kidney disease mice via gut microbial metabolite axis 黄芪通过肠道微生物代谢物轴改善糖尿病肾病小鼠的血糖和肾功能。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107048

Pei-Pei Zhang , Ming-Yang Cui , Shui-Yuan Yang , Bo Han , Wei Yu , Tian-Tian Wei , Ke-Wu Zeng , Peng-Fei Tu

Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of Astragalus membranaceus in diabetic kidney disease (DKD); however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, we established a streptozotocin-induced DKD mouse model to evaluate the effects of A. membranaceus extract (AME) on glycemic control, renal function, gut microbiota composition, and metabolic profiles. Biochemical analyzes revealed that A. membranaceus significantly attenuated hyperglycemia and improved renal function, as indicated by reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Metagenomic sequencing demonstrated that A. membranaceus reversed microbial dysbiosis by suppressing pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Aerococcus urinaeequi) and enriching beneficial probiotics (e.g., Thomasclavelia cocleata). Furthermore, LC/MS-based metabolomics identified key metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism and bile acid synthesis, as potential mediators of the therapeutic effects. These findings underscore the crucial role of the gut-renal axis in DKD pathogenesis and provide a mechanistic basis for the clinical application of A. membranaceus.

最近的研究表明黄芪在糖尿病肾病（DKD）中的治疗潜力；然而，潜在的机制仍未完全阐明。在这项研究中，我们建立了链脲佐菌素诱导的DKD小鼠模型，以评估黄芪提取物（AME）对血糖控制、肾功能、肠道微生物组成和代谢谱的影响。生化分析显示，黄芪能显著减轻高血糖，改善肾功能，降低血清肌酐和尿素氮水平。宏基因组测序表明，膜芽胞杆菌通过抑制致病菌（如尿氧球菌）和丰富有益益生菌（如tomasclavelia cocleata）来逆转微生物生态失调。此外，基于LC/ ms的代谢组学鉴定了关键的代谢途径，包括甘油磷脂代谢和胆汁酸合成，作为治疗效果的潜在介质。这些发现强调了肠肾轴在DKD发病机制中的重要作用，并为黄芪的临床应用提供了机制依据。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of new lactone polyketides from an endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. XP-8 with antibiotics 内生真菌磷藓sp. XP-8新型内酯多酮与抗生素的协同作用。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107045

Hao Ren , Yamei Miao , Desire Girimpuhwe, Jianjin Guo, Shuxian Ge, Wei Zhang, Ge-Ge Yang, Shang Liu, Quan-Xiang Wu

Six new polyketides, including three naphthalene-types (1–3) and three γ-lactones-types (4–6), along with 14 known polyketides (7–20), were isolated from a pathogen endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. XP-8 of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. Their structures were elucidated by spectrometric analysis using MS and NMR data. The absolute configurations were established using statistical comparative analysis of the experimental ECD data, in conjunction with quantum mechanical calculations. All the compounds and crude extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial activity. Compounds 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 10 exhibited moderate inhibition on three gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis. Synergistic antibacterial interaction experiments showed that compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 19 with antibiotics can greatly enhance the inhibition rate against bacteria. The target screening and molecular docking of these compounds were also carried out, with further verification of molecular dynamics, revealing that the compounds exert antibacterial activity by targeting both the Fur-regulated basic protein (FbpB) and drug resistance protein D (EmrD), exhibiting synergy with antibiotics by inhibiting the DNA polymerase III β-subunit resulting in enhanced efficacy.

从杜仲病原菌内生真菌Phomopsis sp. XP-8中分离到6个新的聚酮，包括3个萘型（1-3）和3个γ-内酯型（4-6），以及14个已知的聚酮（7-20）。利用质谱和核磁共振数据对其结构进行了光谱分析。通过对实验ECD数据的统计比较分析，结合量子力学计算，建立了绝对构型。对所有化合物和粗提物的抑菌活性进行了评价。化合物2、3、6、7、8和10对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌三种革兰氏阳性菌均有中度抑制作用。协同抑菌实验表明，化合物1、2、3、6、7、8和19与抗生素相互作用可显著提高抑菌率。对这些化合物进行了靶点筛选和分子对接，进一步进行了分子动力学验证，发现这些化合物同时靶向fur调控的碱性蛋白（FbpB）和耐药蛋白D （EmrD）发挥抗菌活性，通过抑制DNA聚合酶III β-亚基与抗生素协同作用，增强了药效。

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引用次数: 0

Targeted isolation and identification of isoquinoline alkaloids from Xylopia ferruginea bark with anti Aβ-induced paralysis activity 具有抗a β麻痹活性的铁木皮中异喹啉类生物碱的分离鉴定。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107040

Nurul Azirah Mohd Nawi , Hazrina Hazni , Khalijah Awang , Sook Yee Liew , Syazreen Nadia Sulaiman , Fatimah Salim , Nur Vicky Bihud , Sheila Nathan , Sylvia Chieng , Marc Litaudon , Séverine Derbré , Muhamad Aqmal Othman , Azeana Zahari

A comprehensive ¹³C NMR-based dereplication and LC-MS/MS based-molecular networking analyses were performed on the bark extract of Xylopia ferruginea (Hook.f. Thomson) and led to the discovery of fifteen isoquinoline alkaloids; lysicamine (1), liriodenine (2), O-methylmoschatoline (3), anonaine (4), norlirioferine (5), isoboldine (6), columbamine (7), jatrorrhizine (8), palmatine (9), nuciferine (10), roemerine (11), N-methylasimilobine (12), N-methylasimilobine N-oxide (13), stephanine (14) and isocorydine (15). Further purification led to the isolation of one new compound, 4,5-dihydro-2-hydroxy-1-methoxy-7H-dibenzo[de,g]quinolin-7-one (16), and four known compounds; lysicamine (1), liriodenine (2), nuciferine (10) and roemerine (11). Selected alkaloid isolates were evaluated for neuroprotective activity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model expressing human amyloid-beta (A

β

). Lysicamine (1) and liriodenine (2), exhibited moderate neuroprotective activity with paralysis delayed by 1.1 h and 0.5 h, respectively. This study highlights the chemical profile and neuroprotective activity of isoquinoline alkaloids from X. ferruginea and underscores the utility of integrative dereplication and molecular networking approaches in natural product discovery.

对木皮提取物（Xylopia ferruginea, Hook.f.）进行了13C核磁共振去复制和LC-MS/MS分子网络分析。汤姆森)，并导致了15种异喹啉生物碱的发现；lysicamine (1), liriodenine (2), O-methylmoschatoline (3), anonaine (4), norlilirioferine (5), isoboldine (6), columbamine (7), jatrrhizine (8), palmatine (9), nuciferine (10), roemerine (11), n -methyl lasimilobine (12), n -methyl lasimilobine N-oxide (13), stephine（14）和isocorydine（15）。进一步的纯化分离了一个新的化合物，4,5-二氢-2-羟基-1-甲氧基- 7h -二苯并[de，g]喹啉-7- 1（16）和四个已知的化合物；Lysicamine (1), liriodenine (2), nuciferine（10）和roemerine（11）。选择的生物碱分离物在表达人淀粉样蛋白（a β）的转基因秀丽隐杆线虫模型中评估其神经保护活性。Lysicamine(1)和liriodenine(2)表现出中度的神经保护活性，麻痹分别延迟1.1 h和0.5 h。本研究重点介绍了铁杉属异喹啉生物碱的化学特征和神经保护活性，并强调了综合分离和分子网络方法在天然产物发现中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Targeted isolation of new di/trinormonoterpenoid glucosides as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors from Periplocae Cortex using molecular networking 利用分子网络技术从环加氧酶-2抑制剂环加氧酶-2中分离新的二/三诺单萜糖苷

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107042

Cai-Lian Fan , Zong-Jin Ou , Zhi-Heng Shu , Wei-Wu Chen , Zi-Ting Li , Hang-Hang Wang , Yi Dai , Xi-Yang Tang

In this study, two tri- and three dinormonoterpenoid glucosides, named xiangjiapiosides A–E (1–5), were extracted and purified from the ethanol extract of Periplocae Cortex (PC) by employing a combined approach of HP-20 resin, silica gel, ODS, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under the guidance of molecular networking based on tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The structural determination of these compounds was achieved by conducting detailed spectroscopic analyses involving nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and circular dichroism (CD). Anti-inflammatory evaluation revealed that compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 exerted a significant suppressive effect on the generation of nitric oxide (NO), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and down-regulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The COX-2 enzyme inhibitory activities of these compounds were notable, and the corresponding IC₅₀ values were 18.82, 41.54, 26.97, and 13.41 μM. Docking analysis results demonstrated that compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 had the capacity to occupy the catalytic domain of COX-2 enzymes, exhibiting analogous binding conformations to those observed with the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib. All these findings implied that these di/trinormonoterpenoid glucosides derived from PC possess promising characteristics for development as novel COX-2-targeted therapeutic agents.

本研究在基于串联质谱（MS/MS）的分子网络技术指导下，采用HP-20树脂、硅胶、ODS和半制备高效液相色谱（HPLC）相结合的方法，从Periplocae Cortex （PC）乙醇提取物中提取并纯化了两种三和三二单萜类糖苷，命名为xiangjiapiosides a - e（1-5）。这些化合物的结构是通过核磁共振光谱（NMR）和圆二色性（CD）进行详细的光谱分析来确定的。抗炎评价显示，化合物1、2、4、5对一氧化氮（NO）、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）的生成有显著抑制作用，下调环氧合酶-2 （COX-2）的表达。这些化合物对COX-2酶的抑制活性显著，IC50值分别为18.82、41.54、26.97和13.41 μM。对接分析结果表明，化合物1、2、4和5具有占据COX-2酶催化结构域的能力，表现出与选择性COX-2抑制剂塞来昔布类似的结合构象。这些结果表明，这些从PC中提取的二/三诺单萜糖苷具有开发新型cox -2靶向药物的良好特性。

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引用次数: 0

Herb-immunosuppressive drug interactions: Implications for kidney transplant recipients 草药与免疫抑制药物的相互作用：对肾移植受者的影响。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107039

Ludmilla Santana , Viviane de Oliveira Leal , Priscila Mansur Leal , Larissa de Mattos Manhães , Denise Mafra , Natália Alvarenga Borges

Advancements in immunosuppressive therapy have significantly improved long-term graft survival in kidney transplant recipients. Concurrently, the global use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines as complementary and alternative therapies has expanded, with many patients seeking to mitigate adverse effects and enhance their overall well-being. However, the simultaneous use of medicinal plants or herbal medicines alongside conventional immunosuppressive regimens presents significant clinical challenges due to the potential for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. Many of these natural alternatives contain bioactive compounds that may modulate the metabolism and efficacy of immunosuppressants, either by enhancing or diminishing their therapeutic effects. This modulation often occurs through the induction or inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes and drug transporters, leading to fluctuations in immunosuppressant blood concentrations. Such variations can predispose transplant recipients to graft rejection due to subtherapeutic drug levels or, conversely, to toxicity from supratherapeutic exposure. Beyond pharmacological interactions, contamination of herbal preparations with heavy metals poses an additional risk. Exposure to nephrotoxic metals has been linked to graft dysfunction and an increased risk of graft loss. This narrative review critically examines the current scientific evidence regarding the interactions between medicinal plants and/or herbal medicines and immunosuppressive therapies, highlighting the potential implications for kidney transplant recipients. Also, it discusses the impact on graft survival, patient safety, and the need for greater regulatory oversight in the use of herbal medicines among this vulnerable population.

免疫抑制疗法的进步显著提高了肾移植受者的长期移植存活率。与此同时，药用植物和草药作为补充和替代疗法在全球的使用也在扩大，许多患者寻求减轻不良影响并提高其整体健康水平。然而，由于潜在的药代动力学和药效学相互作用，药用植物或草药与传统的免疫抑制方案同时使用带来了重大的临床挑战。这些天然替代品中有许多含有生物活性化合物，可以通过增强或减弱免疫抑制剂的治疗效果来调节其代谢和功效。这种调节通常通过诱导或抑制肝细胞色素P450酶和药物转运体而发生，导致免疫抑制剂血药浓度的波动。这种变异可使移植受者由于亚治疗药物水平而易发生移植排斥反应，或者相反，由于超治疗暴露而产生毒性。除了药理学上的相互作用，重金属污染的草药制剂也会带来额外的风险。暴露于肾毒性金属与移植物功能障碍和移植物丧失的风险增加有关。这篇叙述性综述批判性地审查了目前关于药用植物和/或草药与免疫抑制疗法之间相互作用的科学证据，强调了对肾移植受者的潜在影响。此外，它还讨论了对移植物存活、患者安全的影响，以及在这一弱势群体中使用草药时加强监管的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated in vitro and in silico analysis of Artemisia absinthium identifies Parishin C and Parishin B as promising multitarget antifasciolic agents 对苦艾草进行体外和体内综合分析，确定Parishin C和Parishin B是有前途的多靶点抗筋膜炎药物。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Fitoterapia

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107038

Muhammad Zulqarnain , Sidra Abbas , Muhammad Arfan Zaman , Muhammad Zahid Sarfaraz , Aziz-ur-Rehman , Tariq Hussain , Abdul Basit , Kasim Sakran Abass

Fasciola spp. is a significant parasitic threat to both humans and livestock, causing estimated economic losses of US$3.2 billion annually, including treatment expenses and reduced on-farm productivity. The study was aimed at performing the phytochemical profiling, evaluation of the anthelmintic activity of Artemisia absinthium against different life stages of Fasciola gigantica, and in silico identification of hit compounds from the extract. The ESI-MS/MS analysis was performed to identify the phytochemicals in the extract. Ovicidal and adulticidal assays were used for in vitro anthelmintic evaluation. Subsequently, in silico molecular docking of identified phytochemicals was conducted against proteins, thioredoxin, glutathione S-transferase, and cathepsin L. Phytochemical analysis identified 22 compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols, and revealed Parishin C and Parishin B as the distinct compounds in the extract. The extract exhibited concentration-dependent ovicidal efficacy, at 50 μg/mL, the percentage of undeveloped ova was 84.33 % for A. absinthium and 88 % for albendazole. In the adulticidal assay, a concentration- and time-dependent response was observed, with comparable efficacy to that of albendazole. In silico results showed the strong inhibitory potential of Parishin C and Parishin B against all protein, and unveiled them as potential hit compounds. These findings validated the anthelmintic activity of A. absinthium and underscore its potential as a natural source of antifasciolic agents. Moreover, the inhibitory activity of parishins across all proteins positions them as promising candidates for the development of novel anthelmintic therapies against drug-resistant Fasciola species.

片形吸虫是对人类和牲畜的一种重大寄生虫威胁，估计每年造成32亿美元的经济损失，包括治疗费用和农场生产力下降。本研究旨在对苦艾进行植物化学分析，评价苦艾对巨型片形吸虫不同生命阶段的驱虫活性，并对苦艾提取物中主要化合物进行计算机鉴定。采用ESI-MS/MS分析鉴定提取物中的植物化学成分。体外驱虫评价采用杀卵和杀成虫试验。随后，将鉴定出的植物化学物质与蛋白质、硫氧还蛋白、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶和组织蛋白酶l进行硅分子对接。植物化学分析鉴定出22种化合物，包括萜类、类黄酮和酚类，并发现Parishin C和Parishin B是提取物中不同的化合物。在50 μg/mL浓度下，苦艾草未发育卵率为84.33 %，阿苯达唑未发育卵率为88 %。在杀虫试验中，观察到浓度和时间依赖性反应，与阿苯达唑的效果相当。结果表明，Parishin C和Parishin B对所有蛋白均有较强的抑制作用，是潜在的靶向化合物。这些发现证实了苦艾草的驱虫药活性，并强调了其作为抗筋膜炎药物的天然来源的潜力。此外，parishins对所有蛋白质的抑制活性使它们成为开发针对耐药片形吸虫物种的新型驱虫药的有希望的候选者。

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引用次数: 0