European review for medical and pharmacological sciences最新文献

OBJECTIVE: End-stage ankle arthritis is a debilitating condition for which ankle arthrodesis (AA) remains a principal surgical option. Open and arthroscopic techniques are widely used, yet the literature presents heterogeneous findings. This umbrella review consolidates systematic reviews and meta-analyses to compare open vs. arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis in terms of fusion rates, complications, and hospital stay duration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following a registered protocol (PROSPERO ID: CRD420246233349), we searched articles on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from November 2 to November 10, 2024. We included systematic reviews and meta-analyses in English comparing open and arthroscopic AA, capturing data on fusion rates, postoperative complications (e.g., nonunion, infection), and hospital stay. Quality was assessed with AMSTAR 2. A descriptive synthesis was chosen due to methodological heterogeneity. RESULTS: Eight systematic reviews encompassing 74 primary studies (4,631 total procedures) met the inclusion criteria. Fusion rates were consistently high but higher with arthroscopic techniques (range 88.7-95.1%) compared to open methods (range 78.5-85.0%), with odds ratios frequently around 2.0-3.3 favoring arthroscopy. Complication rates (e.g., infection, wound problems) were significantly lower in arthroscopic groups, typically 6-10% vs. 13-18.5% in open groups, corresponding to odds ratios of approximately 0.47-0.60 in favor of arthroscopy. Additionally, hospital stays were shortened by an average of 1.2-1.8 days with arthroscopic approaches, reflecting a weighted mean difference often exceeding -1.60 days. These findings were attributed mainly to the minimally invasive nature of arthroscopy, which reduces soft tissue disruption and expedites recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis demonstrates superior outcomes over open techniques, offering higher fusion rates, fewer complications, and shorter hospital stays. Although open approaches remain viable, particularly for complex deformities, these data underscore the procedural and systemic advantages of arthroscopy in most clinical scenarios. Further research should aim to refine indications, optimize arthroscopic protocols, and investigate patient-specific factors - such as smoking status and comorbidities - that may influence surgical outcomes.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the performance of an image retrieval system based on the deep metric learning (DML) approach in discriminating between early and late stages of degenerative intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 2,341 sagittal-plane lumbar spinal MR images were obtained and labeled as early and late degeneration using the Pfirrmann classification. Both the DML model and the Object Detection Model based on a state-of-the-art YOLOv7tiny were trained and tested using the labeled data. Then, performance parameters, such as sensitivity and precision, were computed and compared. RESULTS: The trained DML model achieved both sensitivity and precision levels of approximately 93% and 95%, respectively, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of at least 0.96. The trained Object Detection Model based on modified YOLOv7tiny achieved a precision of 92.6%, a sensitivity of 85.9%, and a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.851. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that DML yielded a state-of-the-art performance and could be used as a diagnostic tool for discriminating the severity of IDD via MRI.

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OBJECTIVE: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global concern with a high prevalence among the Saudi population. Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with serious medical complications and an increase in mortality and morbidity. Vitamin D deficiency may have the potential to decrease insulin sensitivity and alter lipid metabolism. This study aimed to assess the impact of vitamin D supplements on glycemic control and lipid profile among individuals living with diabetes in Saudia Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study recruited 254 individuals with diabetes. The medical records were searched for age, gender, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), Vitamin D and lipid profiles. The population records were extracted in two intervals: before taking vitamin D supplements and three months after receiving supplements. Paired t-test and confidence intervals were used to compare HbA1c, FBG, vitamin D, and other extracted variables between intervals. Vitamin D levels were compared between genders in each interval. RESULTS: The supplementation of vitamin D leads to improvement in vitamin D from a mean of 45.4 to 65 (normal reference range 50-150). Supplementation of vitamin D showed significant improvement in HbA1c, FBG, all parameters of lipid profile, renal and liver function and hemoglobin (p < 0.001) when t-test was used and confidence interval calculated. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D plays a potential role in insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. Therefore, maintaining optimal level of vitamin D through its supplements or sun exposure might help to improve heath and decrease complications especially in individuals with diabetes.

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The article "High levels of long non-coding RNA DICER1-AS1 are associated with poor clinical prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma" by X.-H. Hu, J. Dai, H.-L. Shang, Z.-X. Zhao, Y.-D. Hao, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22 (22): 7640-7645-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16379-PMID: 30536305 has been retracted in accordance with the Publisher and the Editor in Chief. Following some concerns raised on PubPeer (link: https://pubpeer.com/publications/2F91E52E0FA92A70237B1ECA287AF6), the Editor in Chief has started an investigation to assess the validity of the concerns raised. The journal's investigation identified that authors used primers specific to mouse genes for clinical samples, revealing ethical misconduct and data fabrication. The Editorial Team has contacted the authors to inform them of the ongoing investigation and to request the original data supporting the manuscript; however, the authors have not responded to these communications. Consequently, the Editor in Chief has decided to retract the article. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/16379.

The article "LncRNA SNHG14 promotes the development of cervical cancer and predicts poor prognosis" by Y.-Y. Zhang, M. Li, Y.-D. Xu, J. Shang published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (9): 3664-3671-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17790-PMID: 31114991 has been retracted in accordance with the Publisher and the Editor in Chief. The article has been retracted due to a critical error in the methodology. Specifically, the primers reported as targeting the SNHG14 gene were incorrect. A BLAST alignment of the cited primer sequences revealed that they do not significantly align with SNHG14, but instead match sequences from TALAM1/MALAT1. This error compromises the validity of the study's results. Therefore, the manuscript has been retracted. The authors were notified of the investigation and were asked to provide the raw data, but they have not responded. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/17790.

The article "LncRNA SNHG14 promotes proliferation of endometrial cancer through regulating microRNA-655-3p" by G.-F. Wang, L.-N. Wen published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (20): 10410-10418-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202010_23391-PMID: 33155197 has been retracted in accordance with the Publisher and the Editor in Chief. The article has been retracted due to a critical error in the methodology. Specifically, the primers reported as targeting the SNHG14 gene were incorrect. A BLAST alignment of the cited primer sequences revealed that they do not significantly align with SNHG14, but instead match sequences from TALAM1/MALAT1. The authors were notified of the investigation and were asked to provide the raw data, but they have not responded. This error compromises the validity of the study's results. Therefore, the manuscript has been retracted. The article was previously under investigation for possible duplication or manipulation of Kaplan-Meier survival curves; however, in the absence of the original raw data, these concerns could not be conclusively assessed. This article has been retracted. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/23391.

OBJECTIVE: This prospective study aimed to assess the impact of activin A/B, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on end-organ damage, clinical outcomes of high-dose chemotherapy-supported autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and survival rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The serum cytokine levels of 78 multiple myeloma (MM) patients scheduled for ASCT at our clinic and 18 healthy volunteers were studied with the Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The association between pre-transplant cytokine levels and clinical data of the patients, the effects of cytokine levels on transplantation results, and the correlation between cytokine concentrations and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: Pre-transplant activin A levels were significantly increased in patients with osteolytic lesions (n=48) compared to those without osteolytic lesions (n=30) (p=0.01). Activin A levels were significantly increased in patients with renal impairment (n=27) compared to those without renal impairment (n=51) (p=0.032). A significant difference was observed between International Staging System (ISS)-3 and ISS-1 stage MM patients according to IL-6 levels (p=0.001). The median follow-up duration was 36.3 months. Progression-free survival (PFS) was 24.8±2.4 months for patients with activin A levels >34.85 pg/ml and 29.7±1.82 months for those with ≤34.85 pg/ml (p=0.044). In univariate analysis, activin A>34.85 pg/ml was identified as an independent prognostic factor for PFS (p=0.012). In the multivariate analysis, activin A levels >34.85 pg/ml (p=0.020) and activin B levels >9.28 pg/ml (p=0.037) were identified as independent prognostic factors for PFS. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that elevated activin A levels are correlated with lytic lesions and renal damage. Besides, elevated serum activin A levels before ASCT constitute an independent risk factor for PFS.

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Objective: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most feared complication after prosthesis implantation, especially in the oncological population. Anti-microbial coatings are a new potential strategy to reduce this infection risk further. This study aims to provide an overview of the coating technologies currently being used or explored in megaprostheses to minimize the PJI rate following surgery.

Materials and methods: A detailed literature examination was conducted in studies published between January 2004 and October 2023 in the PubMed Central and Medline databases. A rigorous and systematic approach conforming to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) was followed.

Results: The literature research produced 396 results. At the end of the screening phase, only 11 papers met the inclusion criteria. The infection rate (IR) in the silver group was 10%: 40 patients out of 392, while the non-silver group's IR was 2.45% (just 4 cases out of 163 people).

Conclusions: Despite our study's limitations, today, orthopedic implants must have antimicrobial properties, and silver, hydrogel, and iodine coating represent new technologies that can help in infection prevention and treatment.

OBJECTIVE: Medical students at Francisco de Vitoria University undergo simulation training as part of their clinical reasoning education, including technical and non-technical skills. Our goal is to demonstrate that, in fourth- and fifth-year students, simulation-based learning favors motivation towards the active acquisition of knowledge and its application in the clinical environment, in the cross-curricular skills of medical history, physical examination, and communication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The students carry out eight simulation scenarios per academic year. In the academic year 2022-2023, the 3rd, 6th, and 8th simulations of all fourth- and fifth-year students were analyzed. After watching the simulations, a questionnaire was completed in which the cross-curricular competencies acquired in medical history, physical examination, and communication were assessed. RESULTS: After analyzing the results, it was found that there were significant differences in the overall assessment and evolution of learning between the three scenarios assessed in both year groups, with a greater improvement in the fifth year than in the fourth year. The scores for the items assessed in medical history, physical examination, and communication became increasingly higher as the students progressed through the scenarios and the academic year. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that simulation teaching improves the acquired competencies of fourth- and fifth-year medical students in the domains of medical history, physical examination, and communication. Further studies supporting this theory are necessary to initiate its implementation in the training curriculum of undergraduate students.

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OBJECTIVE: Rapid and accurate pathogen identification is critical for the effective management of native septic arthritis (NSA) and periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs), enabling timely, targeted antimicrobial therapy and improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and clinical relevance of the BIOFIRE Joint Infection Panel (BJIP) in NSA and PJI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective investigation was conducted, including samples from patients with suspected NSA and PJI. The diagnostic performance and turnaround time of BJIP were compared to conventional culture methods, with an additional analysis of BJIP's clinical impact. RESULTS: A total of 80 patients were included. The BJIP displayed a higher sensitivity (67%) compared to conventional culture (47%), albeit without any statistical significance (p = 0.078), and a specificity of 94%. Total percent agreement was estimated at 66% ( = 0.36). The combination of BJIP and culture significantly improved sensitivity (74%) compared to conventional culture alone (p = 0.0001) or BJIP alone (p = 0.03). BJIP sensitivity was 57% in NSA and 72% in PJI, with a higher sensitivity observed in late acute PJI (90%) compared to early acute (60%) and chronic PJI (33%). However, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.122). Among patients with prior antibiotic therapy, BJIP exhibited significantly higher sensitivity than conventional culture (68% vs. 35%, p = 0.006). BJIP also reduced the turnaround time for pathogen detection by 83 hours. Retrospective analysis suggested a BJIP-based clinical management improvement among 31% of infected and 50% of uninfected individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity of BJIP in diagnosing joint infections. The combination of BJIP and conventional culture emerged as an optimal diagnostic approach. BJIP outperformed conventional culture among patients with prior antibiotic treatment, substantially reduced the turnaround time for pathogen identification, and showed potential for improving clinical management.

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