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Editorial: Caught in the Middle-Exploring the Grey Zone Between Decompensated and Recompensated HBV-Related Cirrhosis. 社论:夹在中间,探索失代偿和补偿性hbv相关肝硬化之间的灰色地带。
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70456
Stephanie Tsai,Mohammad Amin Fallahzadeh
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Caught in the Middle-Exploring the Grey Zone Between Decompensated and Recompensated HBV-Related Cirrhosis. Authors' Reply. 社论:夹在中间,探索失代偿和补偿性hbv相关肝硬化之间的灰色地带。作者的回答。
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70482
Bingqiong Wang,Shuai Xia,Xiaoning Wu,Hong You
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引用次数: 0
Clinical trial: A Phase 2 Randomised Platform Study to Assess Monotherapy and Combination Treatment Regimens in Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatohepatitis 临床试验:一项评估代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎单药和联合治疗方案的2期随机平台研究
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70475
Juan Frias, Robert Schmouder, Eric Lawitz, Yiming Zhang, Heng Zhou, Michael K. Badman, Chinweike Ukomadu, H. Markus Weiss, Julia Zack, Brijesh Yadav, Miljen Martic, Clive Drakeford, Phillip Koo, Nikolai V. Naoumov, Linda E. Greenbaum
Background Drug combinations have potential for additive or synergistic efficacy in patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Aim To assess the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of single or combination treatments in patients with MASH. Methods In this multicentre, open‐label, platform phase 2 study, patients ( N = 41) were randomised 1:1 to LYS006 20 mg twice‐daily (bid) monotherapy or LYS006 20 mg bid+tropifexor 200 μg once‐daily (qd) combination therapy for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints were efficacy and pharmacokinetics. Results Pruritus adverse events (AEs) were reported in 62% of patients in the combination arm. Other AEs were similar between the treatment arms. A greater reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver fat was observed in the combination versus monotherapy arm (ALT: 43% vs. 13% reduction; liver fat: 37% vs. 20% reduction, respectively). No significant impact on biomarkers for liver fibrosis was observed in either treatment arm, but there was an indication for lower plasma exposure to LYS006 upon co‐administration with tropifexor. Conclusions LYS006 20 mg bid monotherapy and LYS006 20 mg bid+tropifexor 200 μg qd therapy were well tolerated with the exception of a high frequency of pruritus in the combination arm, consistent with the now known pharmacologic effect of farnesoid X receptor agonists. The greater reductions in ALT and liver fat in the combination arm versus monotherapy arm were similar to those observed with tropifexor as monotherapy in a previously reported phase 2 clinical trial, and clear additional benefit was not observed in combination treatment with LYS006. This study design allowed for rapid screening of potentially high efficacy drug combinations in MASH. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04147195
背景:在代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎(MASH)患者中,药物组合可能具有附加或协同功效。目的评价单药或联合用药治疗MASH患者的安全性、有效性和药代动力学。方法在这项多中心、开放标签、平台的2期研究中,患者(N = 41)按1:1的比例随机分配至LYS006 20 mg /天2次单药治疗或LYS006 20 mg /天+托非克索200 μg /天1次联合治疗,持续12周。主要终点是安全性;次要终点是疗效和药代动力学。结果联合用药组62%的患者出现瘙痒不良事件(ae)。其他ae在治疗组之间相似。联合治疗组与单药治疗组相比,丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和肝脏脂肪的降低幅度更大(ALT: 43% vs 13%;肝脏脂肪:37% vs 20%)。两种治疗组均未观察到对肝纤维化生物标志物的显著影响,但有迹象表明,与托非昔康合用可降低血浆中LYS006的暴露量。结论LYS006 20 mg bid单药治疗和LYS006 20 mg bid+托非福200 μg qd治疗均具有良好的耐受性,联合治疗组瘙痒率较高,与目前已知的法内甾体X受体激动剂的药理作用一致。联合治疗组与单药治疗组相比,ALT和肝脏脂肪的降低幅度更大,与之前报道的2期临床试验中使用托非福or单药治疗的结果相似,并且与LYS006联合治疗未观察到明显的额外益处。该研究设计允许在MASH中快速筛选潜在的高效药物组合。试验注册ClinicalTrials.gov标识符:NCT04147195
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: High‐Grade Dysplasia in Colonic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With a High Risk of Synchronous or Metachronous Colorectal Cancer 社论:结肠炎性肠病的高度发育不良与同步或异时性结直肠癌的高风险相关
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70442
Alexandra Hickey, Chaonan Dong, Christopher A. Lamb
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引用次数: 0
Letter: Safety and Methodological Considerations for Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin Withdrawal in Hepatitis B Virus Mono‐Infected Liver Transplant Recipients 信函:单乙肝病毒感染肝移植受者停用乙肝免疫球蛋白的安全性和方法学考虑
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70384
Wenying Huang, Wen Zhang, Chang Hu
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Shingles Risk in IBD —More Evidence to Support Routine Preventive Vaccination? 社论:IBD的带状疱疹风险——更多证据支持常规预防接种?
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70458
Keith Bodger
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引用次数: 0
Letter: Affirming Cardiac Safety While Highlighting Areas for Further Research 信:肯定心脏的安全性,同时强调进一步研究的领域
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70387
Shanshan Huang, Jie Zhou
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: An Important Step Towards Mastering Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis-Targeted Therapy in Diabetes 社论:掌握代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎-糖尿病靶向治疗的重要一步
IF 6.7 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70401
Johnny Yau-Cheung Chang, Chi-Ho Lee
<p>Resmetirom, an oral selective thyroid hormone receptor beta agonist, is the first pharmacological agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States in 2024 for the treatment of non-cirrhotic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with liver fibrosis stages F2 and F3. In the ongoing, registrational phase 3 MAESTRO-NASH study, the administration of resmetirom for 52 weeks led to MASH resolution and significant improvement in fibrosis by at least one stage as compared to placebo [<span>1</span>]. However, there remains a dearth of information about combining resmetirom with medications that are recommended for treating comorbidities of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), such as glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) with and without obesity [<span>2, 3</span>]. Notably, around half of T2D patients have MASH [<span>4</span>]. Therefore, the prespecified analysis of MAESTRONASH by Noureddin et al. has provided timely evidence that in T2D patients, the efficacy of resmetirom on MASH end points was not affected by the stable background use of GLP1RA or SGLT2i [<span>5</span>], which are now commonly prescribed due to their established independent cardiovascular and kidney benefits.</p><p>Both GLP1RA and SGLT2i have been shown to resolve and improve MASH in the recent Effect of Semaglutide in Subjects with Non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (ESSENCE) and Dapagliflozin Efficacy and Action in Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (DEAN) trials, respectively, but residual risk remains [<span>6, 7</span>]. Indeed, in around 40% of the T2D participants from the MAESTRONASH trial, at baseline, their MASH remained present despite the use of either GLP1RA or SGLT2i for a reasonable period (median duration 660 days for GLP1RA and 651 days for SGLT2i) [<span>5</span>]. Although the GLP1RA used were mostly liraglutide, dulaglutide and semaglutide 1 mg weekly instead of semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly as in the ESSENCE trial, it reinforces the need to combine pharmacotherapies to target the different pathophysiological pathways in MASH [<span>8</span>].</p><p>The authors also demonstrated that resmetirom-treated participants who had weight loss ≥ 5%, as compared to those without, showed higher rates of MASH resolution and fibrosis improvement [<span>5</span>]. Further studies should be conducted to investigate if the sequence of initiating these MASH pharmacotherapies matters, for instance, whether starting GLP1RA after resmetirom can enhance its effect through inducing weight loss. Moreover, as several new incretin co-agonists such as tirzepatide, a GLP1- and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors co-agonist, as well as survodutide, a GLP1- and glucagon receptors co-agonist, with more potent weight-reducing effects, have also been shown to improve MASH in phase 2 trials [<span>9,
Resmetirom是一种口服选择性甲状腺激素受体激动剂,是美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)于2024年批准的首个用于治疗伴有肝纤维化F2和F3期的非肝硬化代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎(MASH)的药物。在正在进行的注册3期MAESTRO-NASH研究中,与安慰剂相比,雷司替米治疗52周导致MASH缓解和纤维化至少一个阶段的显着改善。然而,关于雷司替康与推荐用于治疗伴有或不伴有肥胖的2型糖尿病(T2D)的代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病(MASLD)合并症的药物(如胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂(GLP1RA)和钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)联合用药的信息仍然缺乏[2,3]。值得注意的是,大约一半的T2D患者有MASH bb0。因此,Noureddin等人对MAESTRONASH预先指定的分析及时提供了证据,证明在T2D患者中,雷美替罗对MASH终点的疗效不受GLP1RA或SGLT2i[5]的稳定背景使用的影响,这两种药物目前因其独立的心血管和肾脏益处而被广泛使用。在最近的塞马鲁肽对非肝硬化非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(ESSENCE)和达格列净对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(DEAN)的疗效和作用试验中,GLP1RA和SGLT2i分别被证明可以缓解和改善MASH,但仍然存在残留风险[6,7]。事实上,在MAESTRONASH试验中,大约40%的T2D参与者,在基线时,尽管使用GLP1RA或SGLT2i一段合理的时间(GLP1RA的中位持续时间为660天,SGLT2i的中位持续时间为651天),他们的MASH仍然存在。尽管GLP1RA主要使用利拉鲁肽、dulaglutide和semaglutide,每周1mg,而不是像ESSENCE试验中使用semaglutide每周2.4 mg,但这加强了联合药物治疗的必要性,以针对MASH bb0中不同的病理生理途径。作者还证明,接受雷美替龙治疗的体重减轻≥5%的受试者,与未接受治疗的受试者相比,表现出更高的MASH消退率和纤维化改善率。这些MASH药物治疗的启动顺序是否有影响,例如雷司替罗后启动GLP1RA是否可以通过诱导体重减轻来增强其效果,还需要进一步的研究。此外,由于几种新的肠促胰岛素共激动剂,如tizepatide (GLP1-和葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素多肽(GIP)受体共激动剂)和survodutide (GLP1-和胰高血糖素受体共激动剂)具有更强的减肥作用,在2期试验中也被证明可以改善MASH[9,10],它们与雷司替罗联合使用的疗效也值得进一步研究。与GLP1RA和SGLT2i相比,resmetirom显然是一个新来者,目前仅在美国上市。预计当雷司美康广泛应用时,许多合并MASLD的T2D患者将已经接受SGLT2i和/或glp1为基础的治疗。因此,从事后分析中发现,这些药物与雷司替龙联合使用安全有效,是临床重要的结果,也是掌握mash靶向治疗糖尿病的关键一步。张耀昌:构思,写作-原稿。李志浩:构思、写作、审编、督导。获得阿斯利康、奥斯迈、拜耳、勃林格殷格翰、礼来、吉利德、葛兰素史克、诺和诺德、赛诺菲安万特的顾问委员会和讲座酬金。剩下的作者没有利益冲突。这篇文章链接到Noureddin等人的论文。要查看这篇文章,请访问https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70382.Data分享不适用于这篇文章,因为在目前的研究中没有生成或分析数据集。
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引用次数: 0
Letter on ‘Meta-Analysis: Mortality Trends and Risk Factors in Severe Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis’ 关于“荟萃分析:严重酒精相关性肝炎的死亡率趋势和危险因素”的信函
IF 6.7 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70441
Chao Zhao
<p>We read with great interest the meta-analysis by Siddique et al. [<span>1</span>], which provides a timely synthesis of short-term mortality in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (sAH). The application of both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks is a notable strength. However, we have profound concerns regarding the analytical approach to the primary conclusion that mortality has not improved in recent decades, which may be substantially flawed.</p><p>The authors' conclusion of no credible mortality improvement rests heavily on the non-significance of publication year as a covariate in their meta-regression. This model is critically compromised by the systematic and profound structural heterogeneity of the ‘standard care’ groups across decades. As illustrated in your table 1, the control arm for a 1978 trial was ‘diet’, while in 2023, it constituted ‘prednisolone’ combined with advanced prophylactic antibiotics [<span>2, 3</span>]. Pooling these fundamentally different clinical realities into a single ‘standard care’ cohort and then testing for a time trend creates a misleading null signal. The observed decline in 28-day mortality from > 50% to ~25%, as shown in your Bayesian analysis, likely represents the genuine, cumulative benefit of evolving standard care. To assert no improvement is to ignore this evident clinical progress captured by your own data.</p><p>Furthermore, the model selection strategy, which prioritised the corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), is inappropriate for this context. The AIC favours parsimony but cannot distinguish a biologically implausible model from a correct one. Your final model identifies ‘follow-up duration’ as the principal mortality determinant—a tautological finding, as the probability of death intrinsically increases over time in a fatal disease. That this model was selected over one containing ‘treatment era’ underscores the limitation of a purely algorithmic approach over clinical reasoning.</p><p>Finally, the assertion of a significant association between MELD score and mortality (<i>β</i> = +0.20 per point, <i>p</i> = 0.037) is not robust. This analysis was based on a small, non-random subset of only 12 studies reporting MELD scores, heavily predisposed to publication and reporting biases. The conclusion lacks the reliability necessary to inform clinical prognostication, a point not adequately emphasised.</p><p>We believe a re-analysis comparing mortality between pre-specified, clinically distinct eras (e.g., pre- and post-corticosteroid standardisation) or using a network meta-analysis structure to account for evolving standard care, would provide a more valid assessment of temporal trends. In this context, recent reviews and consortium studies—such as those summarising current and emerging therapies for acute alcohol-associated hepatitis, outcomes of patients with sAH and acute kidney injury, interventions for alcohol use disorder in cirrhotic or sAH patients, and current criteria for
我们非常感兴趣地阅读了Siddique等人的荟萃分析,该分析及时综合了严重酒精相关性肝炎(sAH)的短期死亡率。频率主义者和贝叶斯框架的应用是一个显著的优势。然而,我们对最近几十年来死亡率没有改善这一主要结论的分析方法深感关切,这种分析方法可能存在重大缺陷。作者的结论没有可靠的死亡率改善很大程度上取决于在他们的元回归中,出版年份作为协变量的不显著性。几十年来,“标准护理”群体的系统性和深刻的结构异质性严重损害了这种模式。如表1所示,1978年的一项试验的对照组是“饮食”,而在2023年,对照组是“强的松龙”联合先进的预防性抗生素[2,3]。将这些根本不同的临床现实汇集到一个单一的“标准护理”队列中,然后对时间趋势进行测试,这会产生误导性的零信号。正如你的贝叶斯分析所显示的那样,观察到28天死亡率从50%下降到25%,这可能代表了不断发展的标准护理的真正累积效益。断言没有改善就是忽略了你自己的数据所显示的明显的临床进展。此外,模型选择策略优先考虑修正后的赤池信息标准(Akaike Information Criterion, AIC),不适合这种情况。AIC倾向于简约,但无法区分生物学上不合理的模型和正确的模型。你的最终模型将“随访时间”确定为主要的死亡率决定因素——这是一个反复的发现,因为致命疾病的死亡概率本质上随着时间的推移而增加。选择这个模型而不是包含“治疗时代”的模型,强调了纯算法方法相对于临床推理的局限性。最后,MELD评分与死亡率之间存在显著关联的断言(β = +0.20 /分,p = 0.037)并不可靠。该分析仅基于报告MELD评分的12项研究的一个小的非随机子集,严重倾向于发表和报告偏差。结论缺乏为临床预测提供必要信息的可靠性,这一点没有得到充分强调。我们认为,对预先指定的、临床不同时期(例如,皮质类固醇标准化前和标准化后)的死亡率进行重新分析,或使用网络荟萃分析结构来解释不断发展的标准护理,将提供更有效的时间趋势评估。在这种背景下,最近的综述和联合研究——例如总结急性酒精相关性肝炎的当前和新兴治疗方法、sAH和急性肾损伤患者的结局、肝硬化或sAH患者酒精使用障碍的干预措施、sAH早期肝移植的当前标准——共同强调了不断发展的管理格局,并加强了时代分层分析的必要性[4-7]。目前的结论有可能通过低估已建立的支持性护理的价值而误导临床和研究重点。Chao Zhao:写作-原稿,写作-审稿,编辑。作者声明无利益冲突。这篇文章链接到Siddique等人的论文。要查看这些文章,请访问https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70383和https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70488.The,根据通讯作者的合理要求,可以获得支持本研究结果的数据。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: High‐Grade Dysplasia in Colonic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With a High Risk of Synchronous or Metachronous Colorectal Cancer—Authors' Reply 社论:结肠炎性肠病的高度发育不良与同步或异时性结直肠癌的高风险相关
IF 7.6 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1111/apt.70473
Monica E. W. Derks, Frank Hoentjen
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引用次数: 0
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Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
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