Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p102
M. Kublashvili, Tamar Dolidze
In the modern market, there is a great variety of dental implants, which differ from each other in design, geometry, connection type, surface treatment technology, etc. However, the most fundamental and main differentiating component between implants is how the implants are inserted into the bone and how it is positioned concerning the soft tissues. Accordingly, they are divided into sunken, i.e., bone level implants and non-sunken, i.e., tissue level implants, in which case the implant-abutment connection, or interface, is located at the gum level. This study shows advantages of tissue level - implants in atrophy of the alveolar ridge, also studies comparison of bone loss in case of bone - level implants and tissue level implants.
{"title":"Advantages of Tissue Level Implants in Case of Alveolar Ridge and Mucosal Atrophy","authors":"M. Kublashvili, Tamar Dolidze","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p102","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern market, there is a great variety of dental implants, which differ from each other in design, geometry, connection type, surface treatment technology, etc. However, the most fundamental and main differentiating component between implants is how the implants are inserted into the bone and how it is positioned concerning the soft tissues. Accordingly, they are divided into sunken, i.e., bone level implants and non-sunken, i.e., tissue level implants, in which case the implant-abutment connection, or interface, is located at the gum level. This study shows advantages of tissue level - implants in atrophy of the alveolar ridge, also studies comparison of bone loss in case of bone - level implants and tissue level implants.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"570 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p340
Aleksandra Batuchina, J. Melnikova, J. Zaščerinska, A. Ahrens
Online learning platforms with integrated tools of learning analytics (LA) and artificial intelligence (AI) are growing in popularity in general education in Lithuania. Such platforms have a number of advantages in terms of the teaching-learning process, however, there is a lack of research about such advantages after direct use of the platforms in general education schools. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to find out the perceived benefits of online learning platforms with LA and AI tools. The research was conducted in 11 schools in Lithuania. The students at these schools tested the LearnLab and Eduten Playground online learning platforms for almost three months. Descriptive statistics methods and chi-square (χ2) criteria were applied. Results showed that students claim that their learning achievements have improved thanks to the platforms. Moreover, research results showed, that when working with platforms, it is appropriate to pay attention and, in parallel, to teach students computer literacy from the elementary grades, to develop a relationship with the computer as a work tool. It is also appropriate to start working with LA and AI platforms from the primary grades, which would positively stimulate the growth of digital competence, as well as the interest of students in the educational subject(s) and the positive growth of learning achievements.
{"title":"Perceived Benefits of Learning Analytics and Artificial Intelligence-Based Oniline Learning Platforms: Case of Lithuanian General Education Schools","authors":"Aleksandra Batuchina, J. Melnikova, J. Zaščerinska, A. Ahrens","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p340","url":null,"abstract":"Online learning platforms with integrated tools of learning analytics (LA) and artificial intelligence (AI) are growing in popularity in general education in Lithuania. Such platforms have a number of advantages in terms of the teaching-learning process, however, there is a lack of research about such advantages after direct use of the platforms in general education schools. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to find out the perceived benefits of online learning platforms with LA and AI tools. The research was conducted in 11 schools in Lithuania. The students at these schools tested the LearnLab and Eduten Playground online learning platforms for almost three months. Descriptive statistics methods and chi-square (χ2) criteria were applied. Results showed that students claim that their learning achievements have improved thanks to the platforms. Moreover, research results showed, that when working with platforms, it is appropriate to pay attention and, in parallel, to teach students computer literacy from the elementary grades, to develop a relationship with the computer as a work tool. It is also appropriate to start working with LA and AI platforms from the primary grades, which would positively stimulate the growth of digital competence, as well as the interest of students in the educational subject(s) and the positive growth of learning achievements.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"727 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p26
Demur Giorkhelidze
This paper analyzes the economic growth of Georgia through the lens of two key indicators: income/GDP per worker (representing productivity) and income/GDP per capita (representing prosperity). It emphasizes the importance of using Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) adjusted data to avoid misleading comparisons between countries with different price levels. The paper highlights three key stylized facts about Georgia's economy: Transformational Shock: Georgia's GDP per capita fell dramatically by 468% in less than ten years due to the collapse of the Soviet economic system. This is a unique event in modern economic history, with no other country experiencing such a sharp decline; Unstable Growth Rates: Unlike the U.S. which shows a relatively stable 2% annual growth rate over 150 years, Georgia's economic growth rates lack a clear trend and fluctuate significantly; Negative Correlation Between Cyclical Unemployment and GDP Gap: The cyclical unemployment rate and the GDP gap in Georgia are inversely correlated. As the unemployment rate falls below the natural rate of unemployment, the GDP gap widens, indicating potential overheating in the economy. The paper argues that existing models of economic growth, often based on developed economies with different macroeconomic realities, may not be suitable for analyzing Georgia's situation. It calls for the development of models that explicitly consider the unique features of Georgia's economy, including the transformational shock, unstable growth rates, and the relationship between unemployment and GDP. Overall, the paper raises important questions about the nature of economic growth in Georgia and the need for tailored models to understand its specific dynamics.
本文通过两个关键指标分析了格鲁吉亚的经济增长：工人人均收入/国内生产总值（代表生产率）和人均收入/国内生产总值（代表繁荣程度）。它强调了使用购买力平价（PPP）调整数据的重要性，以避免在不同价格水平的国家之间进行误导性比较。本文重点介绍了格鲁吉亚经济的三大典型事实：转型冲击：由于苏联经济体系的崩溃，格鲁吉亚的人均国内生产总值在不到十年的时间里急剧下降了 468%。这是现代经济史上绝无仅有的事件，没有任何其他国家经历过如此剧烈的衰退；不稳定的增长率：与美国 150 年来相对稳定的 2% 的年增长率不同，格鲁吉亚的经济增长率缺乏明确的趋势，波动明显；周期性失业率与 GDP 差距负相关：格鲁吉亚的周期性失业率与 GDP 差距成反比。当失业率低于自然失业率时，国内生产总值差距扩大，表明经济可能过热。本文认为，现有的经济增长模型通常基于宏观经济现实不同的发达经济体，可能不适合分析格鲁吉亚的情况。论文呼吁开发明确考虑格鲁吉亚经济独特特征的模型，包括转型冲击、不稳定的增长率以及失业率与国内生产总值之间的关系。总之，本文提出了有关格鲁吉亚经济增长性质的重要问题，并指出有必要建立量身定制的模型来了解其具体动态。
{"title":"Modern Analyses of Macroeconomic Indices for Medium and Long Term Plans in Georgia","authors":"Demur Giorkhelidze","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p26","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the economic growth of Georgia through the lens of two key indicators: income/GDP per worker (representing productivity) and income/GDP per capita (representing prosperity). It emphasizes the importance of using Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) adjusted data to avoid misleading comparisons between countries with different price levels. The paper highlights three key stylized facts about Georgia's economy: Transformational Shock: Georgia's GDP per capita fell dramatically by 468% in less than ten years due to the collapse of the Soviet economic system. This is a unique event in modern economic history, with no other country experiencing such a sharp decline; Unstable Growth Rates: Unlike the U.S. which shows a relatively stable 2% annual growth rate over 150 years, Georgia's economic growth rates lack a clear trend and fluctuate significantly; Negative Correlation Between Cyclical Unemployment and GDP Gap: The cyclical unemployment rate and the GDP gap in Georgia are inversely correlated. As the unemployment rate falls below the natural rate of unemployment, the GDP gap widens, indicating potential overheating in the economy. The paper argues that existing models of economic growth, often based on developed economies with different macroeconomic realities, may not be suitable for analyzing Georgia's situation. It calls for the development of models that explicitly consider the unique features of Georgia's economy, including the transformational shock, unstable growth rates, and the relationship between unemployment and GDP. Overall, the paper raises important questions about the nature of economic growth in Georgia and the need for tailored models to understand its specific dynamics.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"388 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p74
L. Kadagidze
The present paper explores the significant role of effective English communication in enhancing the physician-patient relationship in multicultural healthcare settings. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact of a specialized "Professional English and Communication" course on the communication skills of medical students at East-West Teaching University in Tbilisi, Georgia. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study included a quantitative survey and qualitative feedback from a cohort of 11 students, both native and non-native speakers, enrolled in the Medical Doctor One-Cycle Educational Program. During the 13-week course, students engaged in role-plays and discussions based on structured scenarios. Findings indicated the high effectiveness of the course, with students rating it as significantly impactful in improving their professional English and communication skills. Notably, students reported increased engagement and comfort in participating in class activities following the implementation of structured guidelines for role-plays. The study concludes by affirming the value of targeted communication skills training in medical education, particularly through practical activities such as role-plays. Feedback also highlighted the importance of a supportive and inclusive learning environment in promoting engagement and overcoming challenges. These findings have implications for designing similar courses to cater to diverse student populations in the medical field. Further research should explore the long-term impact of such courses on students' professional practices and patient outcomes.
{"title":"Breaking Barriers: The Role of 'Professional English and Communication' Courses in Medical Education","authors":"L. Kadagidze","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p74","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper explores the significant role of effective English communication in enhancing the physician-patient relationship in multicultural healthcare settings. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact of a specialized \"Professional English and Communication\" course on the communication skills of medical students at East-West Teaching University in Tbilisi, Georgia. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study included a quantitative survey and qualitative feedback from a cohort of 11 students, both native and non-native speakers, enrolled in the Medical Doctor One-Cycle Educational Program. During the 13-week course, students engaged in role-plays and discussions based on structured scenarios. Findings indicated the high effectiveness of the course, with students rating it as significantly impactful in improving their professional English and communication skills. Notably, students reported increased engagement and comfort in participating in class activities following the implementation of structured guidelines for role-plays. The study concludes by affirming the value of targeted communication skills training in medical education, particularly through practical activities such as role-plays. Feedback also highlighted the importance of a supportive and inclusive learning environment in promoting engagement and overcoming challenges. These findings have implications for designing similar courses to cater to diverse student populations in the medical field. Further research should explore the long-term impact of such courses on students' professional practices and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"83 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p90
M. Meladze, Ana Gvaramadze, Salome Bestaeva
The paper is an integral part of the project "Research on the use of digital products in the Georgian tourism sector" which won the internal grant projects competition of Grigol Robakidze University. Digitalization is an inseparable part of the modern world. More and more companies are trying to refine and simplify both production and service. Digital technologies are helping companies in the tourism industry to expand the scope of their activities, covering a much larger scale than was previously possible. The use of digital technologies helps companies in the field of tourism not only to improve the service but also with its help the company can use online marketing, which significantly stimulates sales growth. There are a lot of essential modern digital trends that those in the tourism industry need to be aware of and adapt to if they are going to successfully optimize business performance. The objective of the chapter is to identify digital services in the Georgian tourism sector, determine the level of development of smart tourism, analyze its characteristics, and review challenges and opportunities in this direction.
{"title":"Digital Services in Georgian Tourism – The Basis of Smart Tourism","authors":"M. Meladze, Ana Gvaramadze, Salome Bestaeva","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p90","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is an integral part of the project \"Research on the use of digital products in the Georgian tourism sector\" which won the internal grant projects competition of Grigol Robakidze University. \u0000Digitalization is an inseparable part of the modern world. More and more companies are trying to refine and simplify both production and service. Digital technologies are helping companies in the tourism industry to expand the scope of their activities, covering a much larger scale than was previously possible. The use of digital technologies helps companies in the field of tourism not only to improve the service but also with its help the company can use online marketing, which significantly stimulates sales growth. There are a lot of essential modern digital trends that those in the tourism industry need to be aware of and adapt to if they are going to successfully optimize business performance. The objective of the chapter is to identify digital services in the Georgian tourism sector, determine the level of development of smart tourism, analyze its characteristics, and review challenges and opportunities in this direction.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"40 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p211
Tengiz Taktakishvili, N. Sachaleli
In recent years, sustainability has emerged as a significant challenge for the business sector, particularly in the retail industry. Business owners continue to harbor doubts about producing sustainable products, as it requires adjustments to their product segment and marketing strategies. The paper highlights the importance of sustainable marketing in the retail sector and discusses it as a motivating factor from the customers’ perspective. This study focuses on examining the role of sustainable marketing and creating the profile of “sustainable buyers” by utilizing a case study of Georgia. In accordance with the quantitative research method, the paper identifies how sustainable marketing influences buyers’ choice and provides evidence for the hypothesis that sustainable marketing serves as a motivational factor in the retail sector, exerting significant influence on the decision-making process.
{"title":"Sustainable Marketing as a Buyer's Motivating Factor in the Retail Business: Example of Georgia","authors":"Tengiz Taktakishvili, N. Sachaleli","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p211","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, sustainability has emerged as a significant challenge for the business sector, particularly in the retail industry. Business owners continue to harbor doubts about producing sustainable products, as it requires adjustments to their product segment and marketing strategies. The paper highlights the importance of sustainable marketing in the retail sector and discusses it as a motivating factor from the customers’ perspective. This study focuses on examining the role of sustainable marketing and creating the profile of “sustainable buyers” by utilizing a case study of Georgia. In accordance with the quantitative research method, the paper identifies how sustainable marketing influences buyers’ choice and provides evidence for the hypothesis that sustainable marketing serves as a motivational factor in the retail sector, exerting significant influence on the decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"136 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n2p148
Noël Ndikumasabo
La sécurité juridique des affaires et celle du titulaire du droit ainsi que l’ordre social ne peuvent être atteints que dans la mesure où les droits subjectifs revendiqués devant les juridictions et reconnus par un jugement coulé en force de chose jugé sont effectivement exécutés, sans trop attendre. La finalité du procès n’est pas seulement de rechercher la vérité en observant les garanties de bonne justice, mais la sécurité juridique commande par ailleurs que l'exécution soit faite dans un délai raisonnable. Selon la jurisprudence internationale, le délai du procès arrive à son terme au moment où le droit revendiqué trouve sa réalisation effective. Il s’analyse depuis la saisine jusqu’à l’exécution définitive du jugement. Même si la Constitution burundaise consacre le délai raisonnable du procès, cette garantie, encore moins ses critères d'appréciation n'est pas définie, ni détaillée par aucun texte législatif ou réglementaire. Elle n’est non plus consacrée par la jurisprudence nationale. En droit burundais, la phase d’exécution est parfois plus compliquée à mettre en œuvre pour diverses raisons. L’inapplication des critères jurisprudentiels du délai raisonnable, les déficiences systémiques dans les procédures d'exécution, l'incohérence normative constituent en grande partie les handicaps au délai déraisonnable d'exécution. Ces lacunes conduisent à des délais déraisonnables d'exécution des jugements. Eu égard aux avancées de la jurisprudence internationale dans l'encadrement du délai raisonnable d’exécution, le droit burundais devrait asseoir une culture du délai raisonnable en capitalisant cette source du droit pour éviter la remise en cause des décisions de justice et promouvoir ainsi la sécurité juridique des affaires. Sur base d’une méthodologie documentaire, l'étude a pour objectif d'analyser les problèmes au délai raisonnable d’exécution et de voir dans quelle mesure les critères d'appréciation du délai raisonnable peuvent constituer un remède à la problématique d’exécution des jugements en temps réel. The legal certainty of business and that of the holder of the right as well as social order can only be achieved to the extent that the subjective rights claimed before the courts and recognized by a judgment having the force of res judicata are effectively executed, without waiting too much. The purpose of the trial is not only to seek the truth by observing the guarantees of good justice, but legal certainty also requires that the execution be carried out within a reasonable time. According to international case law, the trial's period ends when the claimed right finds its effective realization. The reasonable time is analyzed from the beginning of the trial until its execution. Even if the Burundian Constitution consecrates the reasonable time, this concept, even less its criteria of appreciation is not defined, nor detailed by any legislative or regulatory text, nor enshrined by national jurisprudence. In Burundian law, the executi
{"title":"La Problématique d’Intégration de la Jurisprudence Internationale sur le Délai Raisonnable d'Exécution des Jugements en Droit Burundais","authors":"Noël Ndikumasabo","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n2p148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n2p148","url":null,"abstract":"La sécurité juridique des affaires et celle du titulaire du droit ainsi que l’ordre social ne peuvent être atteints que dans la mesure où les droits subjectifs revendiqués devant les juridictions et reconnus par un jugement coulé en force de chose jugé sont effectivement exécutés, sans trop attendre. La finalité du procès n’est pas seulement de rechercher la vérité en observant les garanties de bonne justice, mais la sécurité juridique commande par ailleurs que l'exécution soit faite dans un délai raisonnable. Selon la jurisprudence internationale, le délai du procès arrive à son terme au moment où le droit revendiqué trouve sa réalisation effective. Il s’analyse depuis la saisine jusqu’à l’exécution définitive du jugement. Même si la Constitution burundaise consacre le délai raisonnable du procès, cette garantie, encore moins ses critères d'appréciation n'est pas définie, ni détaillée par aucun texte législatif ou réglementaire. Elle n’est non plus consacrée par la jurisprudence nationale. En droit burundais, la phase d’exécution est parfois plus compliquée à mettre en œuvre pour diverses raisons. L’inapplication des critères jurisprudentiels du délai raisonnable, les déficiences systémiques dans les procédures d'exécution, l'incohérence normative constituent en grande partie les handicaps au délai déraisonnable d'exécution. Ces lacunes conduisent à des délais déraisonnables d'exécution des jugements. Eu égard aux avancées de la jurisprudence internationale dans l'encadrement du délai raisonnable d’exécution, le droit burundais devrait asseoir une culture du délai raisonnable en capitalisant cette source du droit pour éviter la remise en cause des décisions de justice et promouvoir ainsi la sécurité juridique des affaires. Sur base d’une méthodologie documentaire, l'étude a pour objectif d'analyser les problèmes au délai raisonnable d’exécution et de voir dans quelle mesure les critères d'appréciation du délai raisonnable peuvent constituer un remède à la problématique d’exécution des jugements en temps réel. \u0000 \u0000The legal certainty of business and that of the holder of the right as well as social order can only be achieved to the extent that the subjective rights claimed before the courts and recognized by a judgment having the force of res judicata are effectively executed, without waiting too much. The purpose of the trial is not only to seek the truth by observing the guarantees of good justice, but legal certainty also requires that the execution be carried out within a reasonable time. According to international case law, the trial's period ends when the claimed right finds its effective realization. The reasonable time is analyzed from the beginning of the trial until its execution. Even if the Burundian Constitution consecrates the reasonable time, this concept, even less its criteria of appreciation is not defined, nor detailed by any legislative or regulatory text, nor enshrined by national jurisprudence. In Burundian law, the executi","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"32 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p37
Jesús O. Bautista Gutiérrez, Socorro Maribel Liñán Fernández, Elsa Gabriela Valero Vélez, Claudia Adriana Rivera Albarrán, Aidé Terán Alcocer, María Carlota García Gutiérrez
Introducción: Los vehículos de los medicamentos intraconductos, desempeñan un gran papel en el tratamiento endodóntico, poseen la capacidad de regular el efecto antimicrobiano en el conducto radicular Objetivo: Analizar la sensibilidad in vitro del Enterococcus faecalis ante tres vehículos distintos combinados con hidróxido de calcio como medicamento intraconducto. Material y métodos: El diseño del presente estudio fue experimental In vitro. Se utilizaron cajas Petri, cada una de ellas con cultivo de Enterococo faecalis. En cada caja, se colocaron 5 discos de papel, cada uno de ellos embebidos en sustancias distintas; el primero fue embebido en la mezcla de hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio, el segundo en hidróxido de calcio con propilenglicol, el tercero en hidróxido de calcio con solución fisiológica. Se utilizó la clorhexidina (control positivo) y la solución fisiológica (control negativo). Estos últimos no fueron mezclados con el hidróxido de calcio como las muestras anteriores. Esta acción se llevó a cabo en 11 repeticiones. . Todas las muestras se introdujeron a una incubadora a 36°C por 24 horas. Después se midieron los halos de inhibición mediante el programa Image-J. Toda la información fue vaciada en una base de datos. Posteriormente se realizó análisis estadístico empleando el programa Graphpad prism 9. Se empleo la prueba t de student para la obtención de resultados. A partir de esto se elaboraron tablas y gráficas para realizar su análisis estadístico. Resultados: Se realizó la comparación de los halos de inhibición del hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio, hidróxido de calcio con propilenglicol e hidróxido de calcio con solución fisiológica contra el Enterococcus faecalis en donde la combinación del hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio resultó ser la más eficaz. Estos resultados fueron comparados con el grupo de clorhexidina (control positivo) encontrándose como resultado el valor de p=<0.0001, lo que comprueba que es estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones: La clorhexidina es el medicamento intraconducto y el vehículo de elección para combatir el Enterococo faecalis, sin embargo, de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio la mezcla de hipoclorito de sodio con hidróxido de calcio, también mostró poseer una capacidad inhibitoria del Enterococo faecalis. Introduction: Intracanal drug vehicles play a great role in endodontic treatment; they have the ability to regulate the antimicrobial effect on the root canal. Objective: To analyze the in vitro sensitivity of Enterococcus faecalis to three different vehicles combined with calcium hydroxide as intraductal medication. Material and methods: The present study’s design was experimental in vitro. Petri dishes were used, each with a culture of Enterococcus faecalis. In each box, 5 paper discs were placed, each of them soaked in different substances; The first was soaked in the mixture of calcium hydroxide with sodium hypochlorite, the
{"title":"Estudio in Vitro Sobre la Resistencia del Enterococo faecalis Empleando Hidroxido de Calcio Combinado con Tres Vehiculos","authors":"Jesús O. Bautista Gutiérrez, Socorro Maribel Liñán Fernández, Elsa Gabriela Valero Vélez, Claudia Adriana Rivera Albarrán, Aidé Terán Alcocer, María Carlota García Gutiérrez","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p37","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: Los vehículos de los medicamentos intraconductos, desempeñan un gran papel en el tratamiento endodóntico, poseen la capacidad de regular el efecto antimicrobiano en el conducto radicular Objetivo: Analizar la sensibilidad in vitro del Enterococcus faecalis ante tres vehículos distintos combinados con hidróxido de calcio como medicamento intraconducto. Material y métodos: El diseño del presente estudio fue experimental In vitro. Se utilizaron cajas Petri, cada una de ellas con cultivo de Enterococo faecalis. En cada caja, se colocaron 5 discos de papel, cada uno de ellos embebidos en sustancias distintas; el primero fue embebido en la mezcla de hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio, el segundo en hidróxido de calcio con propilenglicol, el tercero en hidróxido de calcio con solución fisiológica. Se utilizó la clorhexidina (control positivo) y la solución fisiológica (control negativo). Estos últimos no fueron mezclados con el hidróxido de calcio como las muestras anteriores. Esta acción se llevó a cabo en 11 repeticiones. . Todas las muestras se introdujeron a una incubadora a 36°C por 24 horas. Después se midieron los halos de inhibición mediante el programa Image-J. Toda la información fue vaciada en una base de datos. Posteriormente se realizó análisis estadístico empleando el programa Graphpad prism 9. Se empleo la prueba t de student para la obtención de resultados. A partir de esto se elaboraron tablas y gráficas para realizar su análisis estadístico. Resultados: Se realizó la comparación de los halos de inhibición del hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio, hidróxido de calcio con propilenglicol e hidróxido de calcio con solución fisiológica contra el Enterococcus faecalis en donde la combinación del hidróxido de calcio con hipoclorito de sodio resultó ser la más eficaz. Estos resultados fueron comparados con el grupo de clorhexidina (control positivo) encontrándose como resultado el valor de p=<0.0001, lo que comprueba que es estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones: La clorhexidina es el medicamento intraconducto y el vehículo de elección para combatir el Enterococo faecalis, sin embargo, de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio la mezcla de hipoclorito de sodio con hidróxido de calcio, también mostró poseer una capacidad inhibitoria del Enterococo faecalis. \u0000 \u0000Introduction: Intracanal drug vehicles play a great role in endodontic treatment; they have the ability to regulate the antimicrobial effect on the root canal. Objective: To analyze the in vitro sensitivity of Enterococcus faecalis to three different vehicles combined with calcium hydroxide as intraductal medication. Material and methods: The present study’s design was experimental in vitro. Petri dishes were used, each with a culture of Enterococcus faecalis. In each box, 5 paper discs were placed, each of them soaked in different substances; The first was soaked in the mixture of calcium hydroxide with sodium hypochlorite, the ","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"71 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140470866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p116
Hugues Martial Zago, K. P. Kouadio, Tih Mathieu Koué-Bi, K. H. YAOKOKORE-BEIBRO
Les oiseaux d’eau constituent une des composantes remarquables de la faune aquatique. Cependant, les oiseaux d’eau du nord de la Côte d’Ivoire et en particulier ceux du Parc National de la Comoé sont méconnus. L’objectif de ce travail est d’améliorer les connaissances de cette avifaune pour une meilleure gestion de ces espèces. Ces améliorations reposent sur des données qualitatives et quantitatives. Un inventaire ornithologique a été mené de septembre 2017 à août 2019 au Parc national de la Comoé sur les oiseaux d’eau dans trois différents types d’habitats (les mares, les forêts galeries et les savanes). Pour sa réalisation, la méthode des points d’écoute et des marches lentes marquées d’arrêts le long de la Comoé et de ces principaux affluents ont été appliquées. À l’issu de ces inventaires, 47 espèces d’oiseaux d’eau appartenant à 18 familles ont été inventoriées. Les non-Passériformes avec 42 espèces représentent 89,36% de la richesse spécifique. Au niveau des familles, celle des Ardeidae représente 23,81% de la richesse spécifique totale avec 10 espèces. Ce sont 2685 individus qui ont été observés sur l’ensemble de des sites. Le Héron garde-bœuf Bubulcus ibis (570 individus, 21,23%) et l’Ombrette africaine Scopus umbretta (193 individus, 07,19%) sont les espèces comptant les plus grands effectifs des oiseaux d’eau. Les espèces d'oiseaux d'eau ont plus fréquenté le parc en saison sèche (octobre et avril) et les abondances les plus importantes se situent entre décembre et mars. Au titre de l’utilisation des habitats par les oiseaux d’eau, il s’observe une préférence de ces derniers pour les forêts galeries. Seule la Cigogne épiscopale Ciconia episcopus est considérée comme proche de la menace selon l’UICN (2022). Waterbirds are a remarkable component of aquatic fauna. However, little is known about the waterbirds of northern Côte d'Ivoire, and in particular those of the Comoé National Park. The aim of this work is to improve knowledge of this avifauna in order to improve the management of these species. These improvements are based on qualitative and quantitative data. An ornithological survey was carried out from September 2017 to August 2019 in the Comoé National Park on waterbirds in three different types of habitats (ponds, gallery forests, and savannahs). The method used was count points and slow walks with stops along the Comoé and its main tributaries. As a result of these surveys, 47 species of waterbirds belonging to 18 families were inventoried. The non-Passeriformes, with 42 species, accounted for 89.36% of the species richness. In terms of families, the Ardeidae family represented 23.81% of the total species richness, with 10 species. A total of 2,685 individuals were observed at all the sites. The Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (570 individuals, 21.23%) and the Hamerkop Scopus umbretta (193 individuals, 07.19%) were the species with the highest numbers of waterbirds. Waterbird species visited the park most during the dry season (O
{"title":"Diversité et Abondance Relative des Oiseaux d’Eau du Parc National de la Comoé, Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Hugues Martial Zago, K. P. Kouadio, Tih Mathieu Koué-Bi, K. H. YAOKOKORE-BEIBRO","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n3p116","url":null,"abstract":"Les oiseaux d’eau constituent une des composantes remarquables de la faune aquatique. Cependant, les oiseaux d’eau du nord de la Côte d’Ivoire et en particulier ceux du Parc National de la Comoé sont méconnus. L’objectif de ce travail est d’améliorer les connaissances de cette avifaune pour une meilleure gestion de ces espèces. Ces améliorations reposent sur des données qualitatives et quantitatives. Un inventaire ornithologique a été mené de septembre 2017 à août 2019 au Parc national de la Comoé sur les oiseaux d’eau dans trois différents types d’habitats (les mares, les forêts galeries et les savanes). Pour sa réalisation, la méthode des points d’écoute et des marches lentes marquées d’arrêts le long de la Comoé et de ces principaux affluents ont été appliquées. À l’issu de ces inventaires, 47 espèces d’oiseaux d’eau appartenant à 18 familles ont été inventoriées. Les non-Passériformes avec 42 espèces représentent 89,36% de la richesse spécifique. Au niveau des familles, celle des Ardeidae représente 23,81% de la richesse spécifique totale avec 10 espèces. Ce sont 2685 individus qui ont été observés sur l’ensemble de des sites. Le Héron garde-bœuf Bubulcus ibis (570 individus, 21,23%) et l’Ombrette africaine Scopus umbretta (193 individus, 07,19%) sont les espèces comptant les plus grands effectifs des oiseaux d’eau. Les espèces d'oiseaux d'eau ont plus fréquenté le parc en saison sèche (octobre et avril) et les abondances les plus importantes se situent entre décembre et mars. Au titre de l’utilisation des habitats par les oiseaux d’eau, il s’observe une préférence de ces derniers pour les forêts galeries. Seule la Cigogne épiscopale Ciconia episcopus est considérée comme proche de la menace selon l’UICN (2022). \u0000 \u0000Waterbirds are a remarkable component of aquatic fauna. However, little is known about the waterbirds of northern Côte d'Ivoire, and in particular those of the Comoé National Park. The aim of this work is to improve knowledge of this avifauna in order to improve the management of these species. These improvements are based on qualitative and quantitative data. An ornithological survey was carried out from September 2017 to August 2019 in the Comoé National Park on waterbirds in three different types of habitats (ponds, gallery forests, and savannahs). The method used was count points and slow walks with stops along the Comoé and its main tributaries. As a result of these surveys, 47 species of waterbirds belonging to 18 families were inventoried. The non-Passeriformes, with 42 species, accounted for 89.36% of the species richness. In terms of families, the Ardeidae family represented 23.81% of the total species richness, with 10 species. A total of 2,685 individuals were observed at all the sites. The Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (570 individuals, 21.23%) and the Hamerkop Scopus umbretta (193 individuals, 07.19%) were the species with the highest numbers of waterbirds. Waterbird species visited the park most during the dry season (O","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"432 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.19044/esj.2024.v20n2p127
Emmanuel Foster Asamoah, Ebenezer Tetteh Kpalam
Recent global research reveals a world characterised by increasing fragmentation, diminished peace, and mounting risks for future generations. Diverse conflicts, ranging from familial to national issues, persist, even among individuals sharing the same faith. In Africa, nations like Cote d’Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, the Central African Republic, and Sierra Leone grapple with severe consequences of conflicts. In Ghana, pockets of ethnic discord impact education, healthcare, and social services, prompting the emigration of skilled professionals. Despite ongoing peace efforts in Ghana, effective approaches are crucial. With over 70% of Ghanaians identifying as Christians, contextualising peace-making within sacred texts becomes imperative. In this exploration, the study delves into a biblical approach, specifically scrutinising Matthew 18:15–18 through exegetical analysis in Greek language and mother-tongue hermeneutics. These approaches reveal a convergence between the biblical author’s original meaning conveyed in the Greek language and its interpretation in the mother tongue. The paper advocates private conflict resolution to avoid gossip, involving witnesses if needed and church leaders if the issue persists. Disciplinary measures may be necessary, emphasising personal dignity and adherence to God’s will. The paper significantly contributes to conflict resolution knowledge, providing valuable insights for fostering peace in Ghana and beyond.
{"title":"A Critical Study of Matthew 18:15-18 in New Testament Greek and Selected Akan Mother-Tongue Translations: Implication for Peace-Making in Ghana","authors":"Emmanuel Foster Asamoah, Ebenezer Tetteh Kpalam","doi":"10.19044/esj.2024.v20n2p127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n2p127","url":null,"abstract":"Recent global research reveals a world characterised by increasing fragmentation, diminished peace, and mounting risks for future generations. Diverse conflicts, ranging from familial to national issues, persist, even among individuals sharing the same faith. In Africa, nations like Cote d’Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, the Central African Republic, and Sierra Leone grapple with severe consequences of conflicts. In Ghana, pockets of ethnic discord impact education, healthcare, and social services, prompting the emigration of skilled professionals. Despite ongoing peace efforts in Ghana, effective approaches are crucial. With over 70% of Ghanaians identifying as Christians, contextualising peace-making within sacred texts becomes imperative. In this exploration, the study delves into a biblical approach, specifically scrutinising Matthew 18:15–18 through exegetical analysis in Greek language and mother-tongue hermeneutics. These approaches reveal a convergence between the biblical author’s original meaning conveyed in the Greek language and its interpretation in the mother tongue. The paper advocates private conflict resolution to avoid gossip, involving witnesses if needed and church leaders if the issue persists. Disciplinary measures may be necessary, emphasising personal dignity and adherence to God’s will. The paper significantly contributes to conflict resolution knowledge, providing valuable insights for fostering peace in Ghana and beyond.","PeriodicalId":12225,"journal":{"name":"European Scientific Journal, ESJ","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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