Objective Urine routines inspection was used as a kind of non invasive test method, which was used widely in the biochemical monitoring of athletes.The urine routine was monitored for nearly eight months prior to the 13th National games in this study, to find out the routine changes in urine of Hubei women's freestyle wrestlers during training cycle and pre-match preparation period. Methods The study was conducted on 22 female freestyle wrestlers in Hubei province, with an average age of 22 years, and 2 athletes of national master level, with professional training period of 5 to 12 years. There are 3 athletes of 48 kg, 5 athletes of 53 kg, 5 athletes of 58 kg, 7 athletes of 63 kg, 1 athlete of 69 kg and 1 athlete of 75 kg. The test instrument is Kyoto PU-4210 urine analyzer. Urine test indicators include：GLU,PRO,BIL,URO,PH,S.G.,BLD,KET,NIT,LEU. The urine sampling test method is divided into two parts.Urine sampling time during convalescence training: from the preparation period of the 13th national games to the pre-competition, the test was conducted on an empty stomach in the morning of the second day of rest every week. Namely: the continuous sampling of morning urine from August 2016 to April 2017, taking the middle urine sample at 7:20 every Monday morning, a total of 425 times. Urine sampling time during training period: from the preparation period of the 13th national games to the pre-competition, the test will be conducted immediately after the actual training. During the period from August 2016 to April 2017, samples were taken according to the training arrangement. After the actual training, urine samples were taken from the middle section and 288 person-times were tested in total. Search and sort out relevant literature to understand the research status. Statistical software SPSS19.0 was used for data processing and paired sample t test was used. Results The results showed that the indicators of the ten positive urine test rates in the training period were: BLD 19.8%, S.G. 17.7%, PRO 14.9%, KET 12.8%,URO 4.5%, WBC 3.8%, BIL 3.1%. The indicators of positive morning urine detection rate during convalescence were:PRO 11.1% ,BLD 8.9% ,S.G. 7.6%, KET 4.2% ,URO 1.9%, WBC 3.0% ,BIL 1.2%. The results of ten subjects in training and convalescence were compared, and the indicators of recovery from fast to slow were successively: S.G. 80.4%, PRO 58.1%, BLD 56.1%, KET 48.6%, WBC 36.4%, BIL was 33.3%, URO 30.7% Conclusions According to the analysis of the change of ten monitoring indexes of female freestyle wrestlers, wrestling is a violent antagonistic sport. The features of the event determine that the energy metabolism of wrestling is an anaerobic, aerobic and metabolic mix and alternation, and anaerobic metabolism is the main sport. The characteristics of the event can lead to different positive reactions in the ten items of urine. 1.The PRO, BLA, S.G. and KET should be regarded as the main indexes because of the high positive ration. This s
{"title":"PO-258 Women's Freestyle Wrestling Athletes Prepare for Urine Ten Evaluation Before the National Games","authors":"L. Xiong","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I5.11063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I5.11063","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Urine routines inspection was used as a kind of non invasive test method, which was used widely in the biochemical monitoring of athletes.The urine routine was monitored for nearly eight months prior to the 13th National games in this study, to find out the routine changes in urine of Hubei women's freestyle wrestlers during training cycle and pre-match preparation period. \u0000Methods The study was conducted on 22 female freestyle wrestlers in Hubei province, with an average age of 22 years, and 2 athletes of national master level, with professional training period of 5 to 12 years. There are 3 athletes of 48 kg, 5 athletes of 53 kg, 5 athletes of 58 kg, 7 athletes of 63 kg, 1 athlete of 69 kg and 1 athlete of 75 kg. The test instrument is Kyoto PU-4210 urine analyzer. Urine test indicators include：GLU,PRO,BIL,URO,PH,S.G.,BLD,KET,NIT,LEU. The urine sampling test method is divided into two parts.Urine sampling time during convalescence training: from the preparation period of the 13th national games to the pre-competition, the test was conducted on an empty stomach in the morning of the second day of rest every week. Namely: the continuous sampling of morning urine from August 2016 to April 2017, taking the middle urine sample at 7:20 every Monday morning, a total of 425 times. Urine sampling time during training period: from the preparation period of the 13th national games to the pre-competition, the test will be conducted immediately after the actual training. During the period from August 2016 to April 2017, samples were taken according to the training arrangement. After the actual training, urine samples were taken from the middle section and 288 person-times were tested in total. Search and sort out relevant literature to understand the research status. Statistical software SPSS19.0 was used for data processing and paired sample t test was used. \u0000Results The results showed that the indicators of the ten positive urine test rates in the training period were: BLD 19.8%, S.G. 17.7%, PRO 14.9%, KET 12.8%,URO 4.5%, WBC 3.8%, BIL 3.1%. The indicators of positive morning urine detection rate during convalescence were:PRO 11.1% ,BLD 8.9% ,S.G. 7.6%, KET 4.2% ,URO 1.9%, WBC 3.0% ,BIL 1.2%. The results of ten subjects in training and convalescence were compared, and the indicators of recovery from fast to slow were successively: S.G. 80.4%, PRO 58.1%, BLD 56.1%, KET 48.6%, WBC 36.4%, BIL was 33.3%, URO 30.7% \u0000Conclusions According to the analysis of the change of ten monitoring indexes of female freestyle wrestlers, wrestling is a violent antagonistic sport. The features of the event determine that the energy metabolism of wrestling is an anaerobic, aerobic and metabolic mix and alternation, and anaerobic metabolism is the main sport. The characteristics of the event can lead to different positive reactions in the ten items of urine. \u00001.The PRO, BLA, S.G. and KET should be regarded as the main indexes because of the high positive ration. This s","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90589637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective The energy supply of daily training of track cycling should be mainly by anaerobic metabolism, which can make the blood buffer capacity facing huge Challenge and being improved. The arterialized capillary blood gas analysis can be a reliable method to evaluate the blood status of base-acid balance, which may reflect the effect of exercise intensity on blood buffer system. The paper validate the blood gas analysis as a reliable method for evaluating the total periodical training load of track cyclists. Methods Five male and five female elite track cyclists performed two phases (four weeks per phase) of training respectively. The content included the track specific, strength and aerobic training. The Borg's Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale (0-11) was recorded in the ten minutes after each session and calculated the session RPE (sRPE). The total inertial load (TIL) was calculated by sRPE sum from Monday to Thursday. The arterialized capillary blood gas analysis was performed at 7:00 AM on Monday and Friday. The delta value (ΔPH, ΔPCO2, ΔTCO2, ΔHCO3-, ΔBE, ΔPO2, ΔSO2) were calculated by Friday minus Monday. Pearson's linear correlation was applied to calculate the correlation between TIL and delta value. Independent t test was used to test the differences between two genders. Results There was the moderate correlation between TIL with ΔPH and ΔHCO3- (Correlation Coefficient= 0.712 and 0.642 respectively, P<0.01). But other blood gas indexes didn’t show the obvious relationship with TIL (Correlation Coefficient < 0.5). There was no differences for TIL between male and female (3870.1±788.4 vs. 4130.2±716.7, P>.05). Moreover, ΔHCO3- of male was significant more than female by 95.1% (P<0.01). There were significant correlation between TIL and ΔPH for both male and female (Correlation Coefficient= 0.785 and 0.812 respectively, P<0.01), and between TIL and ΔPH for both male and female (Correlation Coefficient= 0.662 and 0.658 respectively, P<0.01). Conclusions The PH value and bicarbonate radical of blood should be sensitive to the high intensity track cycling training, which can be the valid to evaluate the inertial load. However, gender has no influence on evaluating. The oxygen partial pressure and oxygen saturation of blood can not reflect the training load accurately.
{"title":"PO-037 Validation Of Capillary Blood Gas Analysis For The Assessment Of Training Load In Track Cycling","authors":"Guoqiang Ma, Qi-chun Tang, D. Ni, B. Parsons","doi":"10.14428/ebr.v1i3.10023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/ebr.v1i3.10023","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The energy supply of daily training of track cycling should be mainly by anaerobic metabolism, which can make the blood buffer capacity facing huge Challenge and being improved. The arterialized capillary blood gas analysis can be a reliable method to evaluate the blood status of base-acid balance, which may reflect the effect of exercise intensity on blood buffer system. The paper validate the blood gas analysis as a reliable method for evaluating the total periodical training load of track cyclists. Methods Five male and five female elite track cyclists performed two phases (four weeks per phase) of training respectively. The content included the track specific, strength and aerobic training. The Borg's Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale (0-11) was recorded in the ten minutes after each session and calculated the session RPE (sRPE). The total inertial load (TIL) was calculated by sRPE sum from Monday to Thursday. The arterialized capillary blood gas analysis was performed at 7:00 AM on Monday and Friday. The delta value (ΔPH, ΔPCO2, ΔTCO2, ΔHCO3-, ΔBE, ΔPO2, ΔSO2) were calculated by Friday minus Monday. Pearson's linear correlation was applied to calculate the correlation between TIL and delta value. Independent t test was used to test the differences between two genders. Results There was the moderate correlation between TIL with ΔPH and ΔHCO3- (Correlation Coefficient= 0.712 and 0.642 respectively, P<0.01). But other blood gas indexes didn’t show the obvious relationship with TIL (Correlation Coefficient < 0.5). There was no differences for TIL between male and female (3870.1±788.4 vs. 4130.2±716.7, P>.05). Moreover, ΔHCO3- of male was significant more than female by 95.1% (P<0.01). There were significant correlation between TIL and ΔPH for both male and female (Correlation Coefficient= 0.785 and 0.812 respectively, P<0.01), and between TIL and ΔPH for both male and female (Correlation Coefficient= 0.662 and 0.658 respectively, P<0.01). Conclusions The PH value and bicarbonate radical of blood should be sensitive to the high intensity track cycling training, which can be the valid to evaluate the inertial load. However, gender has no influence on evaluating. The oxygen partial pressure and oxygen saturation of blood can not reflect the training load accurately.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85622734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective Vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is considered to be the main enzyme source for NO production in blood vessels, and studies have shown that RBC may also express NOS and produce NO. The purpose of this study was to summarize the expression of NOS in vascular red blood cells caused by changes in hemodynamics, and to improve the bioavailability of NO, and to lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the mechanism of exercise to improve vasodilation. Methods A literature review method was used to analyze related studies on exercise and RBC-NOS published in recent years. Results Intravascular NO is one of the most important vascular signaling molecules, which has the function of relaxing blood vessels. NO is produced during the conversion of L-arginine into L-citrulline, which is mainly dependent on the regulation of vascular eNOS. RBC can express NOS under certain action, and RBC-NOS is mainly located on RBC membrane and cytoplasm; The regulatory mechanisms of RBC-NOS and eNOS have similarities and differences: RBC-NOS and eNOS are both dependent on Ca2+ regulation and phosphorylation of Serine 1177 via the PI3K pathway; however, since red blood cells do not have nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, they do not have other mechanisms of action of eNOS. Therefore, the vascular endothelium is not the only source of NO production. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets can produce NO. The amount of NO produced by red blood cells is significantly higher than that of white blood cells and platelets，it is another major source of NO production in blood vessels.The level of wall shear stress is the main determinant of NOS expression in blood vessels: On the one hand, exercise training can cause hemodynamic changes, increased shear stress, and induce changes in eNOS and RBC-NOS levels, increase NO bioavailability, and participate in the regulation of vasodilation.On the other hand, moderate-intensity exercise causes NO produced by RBC to increase red blood cell deformability and participate in vascular regulation. Conclusions 1.Erythrocyte is an enzyme source that relies on hemodynamics to release NO from the blood vessel wall. It is regulated by Ca2+ and phosphorylates ser1177 through the PI3K pathway to participate in the regulation of the body. 2.Hemodynamic changes caused by exercise training can simultaneously induce the expression of eNOS and RBC-NOS, increase the bioavailability of NO, and jointly mediate vasodilation.
{"title":"PO-277 Nitric oxide generation in red blood cells induced by exercise","authors":"Zhenghui Zha, Yuli Zhang","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I5.12453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I5.12453","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is considered to be the main enzyme source for NO production in blood vessels, and studies have shown that RBC may also express NOS and produce NO. The purpose of this study was to summarize the expression of NOS in vascular red blood cells caused by changes in hemodynamics, and to improve the bioavailability of NO, and to lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the mechanism of exercise to improve vasodilation. \u0000Methods A literature review method was used to analyze related studies on exercise and RBC-NOS published in recent years. \u0000Results Intravascular NO is one of the most important vascular signaling molecules, which has the function of relaxing blood vessels. NO is produced during the conversion of L-arginine into L-citrulline, which is mainly dependent on the regulation of vascular eNOS. RBC can express NOS under certain action, and RBC-NOS is mainly located on RBC membrane and cytoplasm; The regulatory mechanisms of RBC-NOS and eNOS have similarities and differences: RBC-NOS and eNOS are both dependent on Ca2+ regulation and phosphorylation of Serine 1177 via the PI3K pathway; however, since red blood cells do not have nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, they do not have other mechanisms of action of eNOS. Therefore, the vascular endothelium is not the only source of NO production. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets can produce NO. The amount of NO produced by red blood cells is significantly higher than that of white blood cells and platelets，it is another major source of NO production in blood vessels.The level of wall shear stress is the main determinant of NOS expression in blood vessels: On the one hand, exercise training can cause hemodynamic changes, increased shear stress, and induce changes in eNOS and RBC-NOS levels, increase NO bioavailability, and participate in the regulation of vasodilation.On the other hand, moderate-intensity exercise causes NO produced by RBC to increase red blood cell deformability and participate in vascular regulation. \u0000Conclusions 1.Erythrocyte is an enzyme source that relies on hemodynamics to release NO from the blood vessel wall. It is regulated by Ca2+ and phosphorylates ser1177 through the PI3K pathway to participate in the regulation of the body. \u00002.Hemodynamic changes caused by exercise training can simultaneously induce the expression of eNOS and RBC-NOS, increase the bioavailability of NO, and jointly mediate vasodilation.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73826308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective In recent years, people's diet has undergone tremendous changes. Excessive energy intake combined with insufficient exercise has made obesity a serious social problem. This study aims to achieve different training conditions under hypoxia and normoxia，conducting a six-week exercise training for obese overweight people. Comparing the difference in exercise weight loss between obese and overweight people in the normoxia training environment compared with hypoxia intervention, and the effect of hypoxic intervention on lipid metabolism indicators in overweight and obese people. Methods A total of 40 male overweight/obese subjects were enrolled in the study, aged 18-47 years, with no abnormal physical examination and no motor contraindications. The overweight standard is BMI≥24, and the obesity standard is BMI≥28.All subjects were randomly matched according to body weight, divided into hypoxia group and normoxia group, and exercised for 6 weeks, training 3 times a week, one time every two days. Sports training includes 30 minutes of strength training and 30 minutes of aerobic endurance training. There are 5 minutes of warm-up and finishing activities before and after training. The strength training tool is dumbbell, and the weight of the corresponding 12RM is selected according to the exercise ability of the subject, and 8 exercises are performed. They are dead lift, upright row, squat, shoulder press, calf Jump, advance lunge, biceps curl and triceps extension. Those 8 movements are divided into two small loop trainings, which complete two large groups (each small loop is completed twice).Aerobic endurance training is done using a treadmill with a slope of 0°and the speed is adjusted according to the range of the target heart rate. The target heart rate is 60%-70% at the maximum heart rate. The maximum heart rate calculation method is (220-age).The hypoxic group is equipped with a suction-type atmospheric hypoxic device and is operated under a low-oxygen environment. The oxygen content of the inhaled mixed gas is 16%, the normoxic group was exercised under normoxic conditions. Nutritional education was given to all subjects prior to the start of exercise intervention, but diet was not restricted during the intervention. Before and after intervention, height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Fasting venous blood was used to detect total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADPN). All test results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Comparison of data between groups, using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Comparison of intra-group data, using non-parametric Wilcoxon matching for symbol level checking, the significance level was P<0.05, and the very significant level was P<0.01. Results (1) After the intervention, the body weight of both groups decreased, and the Δbody weight (P<0.01),
{"title":"PO-092 Effects of hypoxic exercise on weight loss and lipid metabolism in overweight/obese men","authors":"Kunshun Guo, Jianmin Cao, Deling Zhao, Shibin Zhang","doi":"10.14428/ebr.v1i3.11663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/ebr.v1i3.11663","url":null,"abstract":"Objective In recent years, people's diet has undergone tremendous changes. Excessive energy intake combined with insufficient exercise has made obesity a serious social problem. This study aims to achieve different training conditions under hypoxia and normoxia，conducting a six-week exercise training for obese overweight people. Comparing the difference in exercise weight loss between obese and overweight people in the normoxia training environment compared with hypoxia intervention, and the effect of hypoxic intervention on lipid metabolism indicators in overweight and obese people. \u0000Methods A total of 40 male overweight/obese subjects were enrolled in the study, aged 18-47 years, with no abnormal physical examination and no motor contraindications. The overweight standard is BMI≥24, and the obesity standard is BMI≥28.All subjects were randomly matched according to body weight, divided into hypoxia group and normoxia group, and exercised for 6 weeks, training 3 times a week, one time every two days. Sports training includes 30 minutes of strength training and 30 minutes of aerobic endurance training. There are 5 minutes of warm-up and finishing activities before and after training. The strength training tool is dumbbell, and the weight of the corresponding 12RM is selected according to the exercise ability of the subject, and 8 exercises are performed. They are dead lift, upright row, squat, shoulder press, calf Jump, advance lunge, biceps curl and triceps extension. Those 8 movements are divided into two small loop trainings, which complete two large groups (each small loop is completed twice).Aerobic endurance training is done using a treadmill with a slope of 0°and the speed is adjusted according to the range of the target heart rate. The target heart rate is 60%-70% at the maximum heart rate. The maximum heart rate calculation method is (220-age).The hypoxic group is equipped with a suction-type atmospheric hypoxic device and is operated under a low-oxygen environment. The oxygen content of the inhaled mixed gas is 16%, the normoxic group was exercised under normoxic conditions. Nutritional education was given to all subjects prior to the start of exercise intervention, but diet was not restricted during the intervention. Before and after intervention, height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Fasting venous blood was used to detect total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADPN). All test results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Comparison of data between groups, using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Comparison of intra-group data, using non-parametric Wilcoxon matching for symbol level checking, the significance level was P<0.05, and the very significant level was P<0.01. \u0000Results (1) After the intervention, the body weight of both groups decreased, and the Δbody weight (P<0.01),","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74522349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective Aging is an inevitable rule in the process of life. When human growth and development mature, with the increase of age, the organs and organs of the body will have functional and morphological degenerative changes. China has now entered an aging society, and the aging related diseases are increasing, and the aging of the brain and related diseases are one of the main reasons for the decline of the quality of life of the elderly. It is particularly important to study methods of delaying brain aging. The development of physical exercise to promote the development of brain health has become a hot spot. Appropriate exercise can effectively improve the normal physiological function of the hippocampus neurons, delay the aging process of the central nervous system, and explore the effect of physical exercise on the brain senescent patients and its mechanism of action is very necessary. Methods Through the retrieval of Chinese knowledge network, Wanfang Data knowledge service platform, VVP cube knowledge discovery system, 100 chain database collection sports related research literature on brain senescence, collating literature information, in-depth integration of literature, analysis of the effect of physical exercise on brain aging and mechanism. Results (1) The brain is the most advanced part of the central nervous system, and the structure and function of the brain are very complex, and each brain region bears the corresponding function, in which the hippocampus is considered to be related to the learning and memory function. The aging of the central nervous system plays a leading role in the aging of the body, and its pathological changes are mainly found in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. After the growth of the mature period, the myelin development in the brain is damaged, the brain myelin development is damaged, the nerve cells atrophy, the intracellular lipofuscin accumulates, the synaptic connections and the neurotransmitters decrease, and the ability to accept and transmit information is reduced, and the specific expression is reaction retardation, intelligence, learning, memory, analysis, judgment and push. The attenuation of the ability to be reasonable. Brain senescence is often accompanied by changes in brain weight, brain nerve cells, nerve fiber conduction velocity and brain cell dysfunction. It is a complex process, and any single factor can not explain its mechanism. In recent years, with the rapid development and promotion of molecular biology and cell biology, great progress has been made in the study of aging, and some theories about aging are put forward. The mechanism of aging of brain mainly includes the following theories: the free radical damage theory, the theory of genetic mutation, the theory of end grain loss, the theory of mitochondria, and the protein. Qualitative change theory, waste accumulation theory, aging network theory and so on. At present, free radical damage and telomere theory are widely recog
{"title":"PO-177 Effect of rational exercise on delaying brain aging and its mechanism analysis","authors":"Weidong Sun, Jian Zhou","doi":"10.14428/ebr.v1i4.12683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/ebr.v1i4.12683","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Aging is an inevitable rule in the process of life. When human growth and development mature, with the increase of age, the organs and organs of the body will have functional and morphological degenerative changes. China has now entered an aging society, and the aging related diseases are increasing, and the aging of the brain and related diseases are one of the main reasons for the decline of the quality of life of the elderly. It is particularly important to study methods of delaying brain aging. The development of physical exercise to promote the development of brain health has become a hot spot. Appropriate exercise can effectively improve the normal physiological function of the hippocampus neurons, delay the aging process of the central nervous system, and explore the effect of physical exercise on the brain senescent patients and its mechanism of action is very necessary. \u0000Methods Through the retrieval of Chinese knowledge network, Wanfang Data knowledge service platform, VVP cube knowledge discovery system, 100 chain database collection sports related research literature on brain senescence, collating literature information, in-depth integration of literature, analysis of the effect of physical exercise on brain aging and mechanism. \u0000Results (1) The brain is the most advanced part of the central nervous system, and the structure and function of the brain are very complex, and each brain region bears the corresponding function, in which the hippocampus is considered to be related to the learning and memory function. The aging of the central nervous system plays a leading role in the aging of the body, and its pathological changes are mainly found in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. After the growth of the mature period, the myelin development in the brain is damaged, the brain myelin development is damaged, the nerve cells atrophy, the intracellular lipofuscin accumulates, the synaptic connections and the neurotransmitters decrease, and the ability to accept and transmit information is reduced, and the specific expression is reaction retardation, intelligence, learning, memory, analysis, judgment and push. The attenuation of the ability to be reasonable. Brain senescence is often accompanied by changes in brain weight, brain nerve cells, nerve fiber conduction velocity and brain cell dysfunction. It is a complex process, and any single factor can not explain its mechanism. In recent years, with the rapid development and promotion of molecular biology and cell biology, great progress has been made in the study of aging, and some theories about aging are put forward. The mechanism of aging of brain mainly includes the following theories: the free radical damage theory, the theory of genetic mutation, the theory of end grain loss, the theory of mitochondria, and the protein. Qualitative change theory, waste accumulation theory, aging network theory and so on. At present, free radical damage and telomere theory are widely recog","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74402816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective Through the 4 weeks aerobic exercise intervention in rats with CUMS (chronic unpredictable mild stress) to build depression model of rats, and to explore the effects of aerobic exercise intervention on hippocampal VEGF expression and spatial learning and memorizing ability in depressive model rats. Methods 30 adult 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300 ± 20 g were used. After adaptive feeding for 1 week, they were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C), the model group (M), and exercise group (E). M and E groups were subjected to CUMS stimulation for 4 weeks and/or aerobic exercise for 4 weeks according to different modeling procedures. After exercise or CUMS, the behavioral index was tested by sucrose preference test (SPT) and Morris water maze (MWZ). The 5-HT expression of whole brain was detected by ELISA. And Real-time PCR, Western Blotting, HE staining and immunofluorescence method test the expression of VEGF and morphological structure to change in hippocampus. Results Compared with the C group, the sucrose intake and the percentage of syrup preference were significantly decreased in the CUMS-induced depression rats, the 5-HT depression in the whole brain was significantly decreased, the hippocampal neurons were disorderly arranged and the number was less, and the hippocampal VEGF gene and protein were significantly decreased. While aerobic exercise can significantly improve the depression-like behavior, learning and memorizing ability of rats with depression, increase the expression of 5-HT in whole brain, and the hippocampal neurons are arranged neatly, clearly and in large quantities, and increase the gene and protein expression of VEGF in hippocampus. Conclusions Four weeks aerobic exercise intervention can significantly up-regulate the expression of VEGF in hippocampus and improve learning and memorizing ability and depressive symptoms. It was suggested that the increased expression of VEGF in the hippocampus may be one of the neurobiological mechanisms in depression and spatial learning and memorizing ability.
{"title":"PO-079 Effect of Aerobic Exercise on the expression of VEGF in hippocampus and the Spatial Learning and Memorizing Abilities in CUMS-induced depressive Rats","authors":"Yu Jin, Qiongjia Yuan","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I3.11403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I3.11403","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Through the 4 weeks aerobic exercise intervention in rats with CUMS (chronic unpredictable mild stress) to build depression model of rats, and to explore the effects of aerobic exercise intervention on hippocampal VEGF expression and spatial learning and memorizing ability in depressive model rats. \u0000Methods 30 adult 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300 ± 20 g were used. After adaptive feeding for 1 week, they were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C), the model group (M), and exercise group (E). M and E groups were subjected to CUMS stimulation for 4 weeks and/or aerobic exercise for 4 weeks according to different modeling procedures. After exercise or CUMS, the behavioral index was tested by sucrose preference test (SPT) and Morris water maze (MWZ). The 5-HT expression of whole brain was detected by ELISA. And Real-time PCR, Western Blotting, HE staining and immunofluorescence method test the expression of VEGF and morphological structure to change in hippocampus. \u0000Results Compared with the C group, the sucrose intake and the percentage of syrup preference were significantly decreased in the CUMS-induced depression rats, the 5-HT depression in the whole brain was significantly decreased, the hippocampal neurons were disorderly arranged and the number was less, and the hippocampal VEGF gene and protein were significantly decreased. While aerobic exercise can significantly improve the depression-like behavior, learning and memorizing ability of rats with depression, increase the expression of 5-HT in whole brain, and the hippocampal neurons are arranged neatly, clearly and in large quantities, and increase the gene and protein expression of VEGF in hippocampus. \u0000Conclusions Four weeks aerobic exercise intervention can significantly up-regulate the expression of VEGF in hippocampus and improve learning and memorizing ability and depressive symptoms. It was suggested that the increased expression of VEGF in the hippocampus may be one of the neurobiological mechanisms in depression and spatial learning and memorizing ability.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75679810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To investigate the association between the endogenous human serum MG53 level and cardio-respiratory function in response to graded exercise test (GXT). Methods Sixteen healthy male volunteers (23.1±2.9yrs, 169.5±6.0cm in height, 63.2±5.9kg in weight, 12.2±3.1% in %FAT, 53.2±5.4ml/min/kg in VO2max) fully acknowledged and signed informed consent and participated in this study. Fasting blood samples were drawn before each VO2max test, serum MG53 was measured by ELISA kits (LifeSpan, USA). Two VO2max tests were performed on each of these sixteen participants with cycle ergometer, and they had a 7 weeks regular physical training (all individuals performed a same routine summer camp exercise training) between the two tests. Difference between groups was determined by UNIANOVA and the correlation coefficient (r) between the cardiorespiratory parameters and serum MG53 value was determined by pearson test. Results Results were divided into 3 groups according to serum MG53 levels, they are Low serum MG53 (n=5, 0.60±0.45 ng/ml) group (L), Medium serum MG53 (n=6, 2.08±0.75 ng/ml) group (M) and High serum MG53 (n=4, 4.23±1.80 ng/ml) group (H). There is no significant difference between M and L when comparing end tidal gas component. However, we found M had higher red blood cell count (RBC) than L (4.98±0.22 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01), higher hemoglobin (Hb) than L (155.3±7.6 vs 141. 5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01), and higher hematocrit (HCT) than L (46.6±2.1 vs 43.1±2.6 %, p<0.01). Moreover, we found that H had higher ventilation threshold (VT) than L (47.5±6.5 vs 38.6±3.9 ml/min/kg, p<0.01) and M (47.5±6.5 vs 42.5±2.8 ml/min/kg, p<0.05). Similarly, we found H had higher VO2max than L (59.6±4.7 vs 51.6±6.7 ml/min/kg, p<0.05), higher workload at VT than L (13.2±3.7 vs 11.1±1.7 Watts, p<0.05), higher RBC than L (5.20±0.18 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01), higher Hb than L (158.8±4.2 vs 141. 5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01), and higher HCT than L (47.4±1.5 vs 43.1±2.6 %, p<0.01 ). Correlation analysis demonstrated that VO2max(r=0.43, p<0.05), workload at VT (r=0.41, p<0.05), RBC (r=0.53, p<0.01), Hb (r=0.57, p<0.01) and HCT (r=0.47, p<0.01) are positively correlated with Serum MG53. Conclusions It suggested that human serum MG53 level might be positively correlated with cardiorespiratory parameters that have been tested (e.g. VO2max, workload at VT, RBC, HCT and Hb).
目的探讨分级运动试验(GXT)后人内源性血清MG53水平与心肺功能的关系。方法16名健康男性志愿者(年龄23.1±2.9岁，身高169.5±6.0cm，体重63.2±5.9kg，脂肪百分比12.2±3.1%，最大摄氧量53.2±5.4ml/min/kg)完全同意并签署知情同意书，参加本研究。每次VO2max试验前取空腹血样，血清MG53采用ELISA试剂盒(LifeSpan, USA)测定。在这16名参与者中，每个人都进行了两次VO2max测试，并在两次测试之间进行了7周的常规体育训练(所有人都进行了相同的常规夏令营运动训练)。各组间差异采用UNIANOVA分析，心肺参数与血清MG53值的相关系数(r)采用pearson检验。结果按血清MG53水平分为3组，分别为低血清MG53 (n=5, 0.60±0.45 ng/ml)组(L)、中血清MG53 (n=6, 2.08±0.75 ng/ml)组(M)和高血清MG53 (n=4, 4.23±1.80 ng/ml)组(H)。然而，我们发现M的红细胞计数(RBC)高于L(4.98±0.22 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01)，血红蛋白(Hb)高于L(155.3±7.6 vs 141)。5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01)，且HCT高于L(46.6±2.1 vs 43.1±2.6%，p<0.01)。此外，我们发现H组的通气阈值(VT)高于L组(47.5±6.5 vs 38.6±3.9 ml/min/kg, p<0.01)和M组(47.5±6.5 vs 42.5±2.8 ml/min/kg, p<0.05)。同样，我们发现H的VO2max高于L(59.6±4.7 vs 51.6±6.7 ml/min/kg, p<0.05)， VT时的负荷高于L(13.2±3.7 vs 11.1±1.7 Watts, p<0.05)， RBC高于L(5.20±0.18 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01)， Hb高于L(158.8±4.2 vs 141)。5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01)， HCT高于L(47.4±1.5 vs 43.1±2.6%，p<0.01)。相关分析显示，VO2max(r=0.43, p<0.05)、VT时负荷(r=0.41, p<0.05)、RBC (r=0.53, p<0.01)、Hb (r=0.57, p<0.01)、HCT (r=0.47, p<0.01)与血清MG53呈正相关。结论人血清MG53水平可能与检测的心肺参数(如最大摄氧量、VT负荷、红细胞、HCT和Hb)呈正相关。
{"title":"PO-249 Does High Serum MG53 Level Associates with Better Cardiorespiratory Function?","authors":"Q. Han, Jing Shao, Yingbin Ren, Naixin Liu, Lili Zhou, Baohua Xu, Yi Muqing","doi":"10.14428/ebr.v1i5.10973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/ebr.v1i5.10973","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the association between the endogenous human serum MG53 level and cardio-respiratory function in response to graded exercise test (GXT). \u0000Methods Sixteen healthy male volunteers (23.1±2.9yrs, 169.5±6.0cm in height, 63.2±5.9kg in weight, 12.2±3.1% in %FAT, 53.2±5.4ml/min/kg in VO2max) fully acknowledged and signed informed consent and participated in this study. Fasting blood samples were drawn before each VO2max test, serum MG53 was measured by ELISA kits (LifeSpan, USA). Two VO2max tests were performed on each of these sixteen participants with cycle ergometer, and they had a 7 weeks regular physical training (all individuals performed a same routine summer camp exercise training) between the two tests. Difference between groups was determined by UNIANOVA and the correlation coefficient (r) between the cardiorespiratory parameters and serum MG53 value was determined by pearson test. \u0000Results Results were divided into 3 groups according to serum MG53 levels, they are Low serum MG53 (n=5, 0.60±0.45 ng/ml) group (L), Medium serum MG53 (n=6, 2.08±0.75 ng/ml) group (M) and High serum MG53 (n=4, 4.23±1.80 ng/ml) group (H). There is no significant difference between M and L when comparing end tidal gas component. However, we found M had higher red blood cell count (RBC) than L (4.98±0.22 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01), higher hemoglobin (Hb) than L (155.3±7.6 vs 141. 5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01), and higher hematocrit (HCT) than L (46.6±2.1 vs 43.1±2.6 %, p<0.01). Moreover, we found that H had higher ventilation threshold (VT) than L (47.5±6.5 vs 38.6±3.9 ml/min/kg, p<0.01) and M (47.5±6.5 vs 42.5±2.8 ml/min/kg, p<0.05). Similarly, we found H had higher VO2max than L (59.6±4.7 vs 51.6±6.7 ml/min/kg, p<0.05), higher workload at VT than L (13.2±3.7 vs 11.1±1.7 Watts, p<0.05), higher RBC than L (5.20±0.18 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01), higher Hb than L (158.8±4.2 vs 141. 5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01), and higher HCT than L (47.4±1.5 vs 43.1±2.6 %, p<0.01 ). Correlation analysis demonstrated that VO2max(r=0.43, p<0.05), workload at VT (r=0.41, p<0.05), RBC (r=0.53, p<0.01), Hb (r=0.57, p<0.01) and HCT (r=0.47, p<0.01) are positively correlated with Serum MG53. \u0000Conclusions It suggested that human serum MG53 level might be positively correlated with cardiorespiratory parameters that have been tested (e.g. VO2max, workload at VT, RBC, HCT and Hb). \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72658883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective It is generally believed that the long-term hypoxic training could impact oxidation resistance. Nrf2-Keapl signaling pathway is a key pathway of cell oxidative stress reaction. This research attempts to investigate the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in oxidation resistance to hypoxic training of different oxygen concentration. Methods Part one, 8-week-old Nrf2 knockout mice and wild type mice were divided into normoxic control group (NC), simulated altitude of 3500m hypoxic training group (3500HT) and simulated altitude of 5000m hypoxic training group (5000HT) randomly and respectively. The mice run on treadmill in speed of 12 m/min, 1h/day, 6day/week, for 4 weeks. Oxygen concentration in hypoxia was 13.3% and 10%. Mice were treated for 4 weeks, 8h/day. 48 h after the last training, the mice were sacrificed and skeletal muscles of legs were collected. Western Blot tested Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme protein. Antioxidant enzymes mRNA were tested by RT-PCR. High quality fluorescence measurement was used to test ROS levels in skeletal muscle. Part two, The 30 C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control group (WC), hypoxia group (WH), hypoxic training group (WHT). The hypoxic training arrangement was same as before. After both the interventions, the mice were sacrificed and collected skeletal muscle of legs. The expression of Nrf2, Keap1 and p-Nrf2 were analyzed by western blot. High quality fluorescence assay was done to detect ROS level in skeletal muscle of mice. Results (1) Compared with the same type mice NC group, Nrf2 protein, the mRNA and protein of CAT, GPX-1, GCLm, the mRNA of SOD1, SOD2, HO-1 were increased in wild type mice 3500HT group. And the Nrf2 protein, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, SOD2, the mRNA of CAT, NQO-1, GCLc, GCLm mRNA, the protein of HO-1 were decreased, and the ROS levels was higher in wile type mice 5000HT group. The mRNA of CAT, HO-1 in Nrf2-KO mice 3500HT group were increased, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, the mRNA of SOD2, the protein of GCLc were decreased, but the GCLc mRNA was increased in Nrf2-KO mice 5000HT group. When compared with the same intervention wild type mice, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, GPX-1, SOD2, HO-1, the mRNA of CAT, NQO-1, GCLc, GCLm were decreased in Nrf2-KO mice 3500HT group. The mRNA of GCLm, NQO-1, the protein of GCLc, HO-1 were decreased, but the GCLc mRNA was increased. (2) Nrf2/Keap1 complex contents in mice skeletal muscle of WH and WHT groups were significantly increased compared with WC group respectively. The free Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle of WH、WHT groups were significantly reduced compared with WC group respectively. After both types of intervention, free Keap1 had no change nearly in skeletal muscle of mice. Compared with WC group, p-Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle of WH and WHT groups were significantly reduced. The ROS level in mice skeletal muscle of WHT group significantly increased compared with WC group mice. Conclusions: Hypoxia and hypoxia training three i
{"title":"PO-191 The effect of hypoxic training at different simulated altitude on the antioxidant activity mediated by Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle","authors":"Weixiu Ji, Ying Zhang","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I4.12843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I4.12843","url":null,"abstract":"Objective It is generally believed that the long-term hypoxic training could impact oxidation resistance. Nrf2-Keapl signaling pathway is a key pathway of cell oxidative stress reaction. This research attempts to investigate the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in oxidation resistance to hypoxic training of different oxygen concentration. \u0000Methods Part one, 8-week-old Nrf2 knockout mice and wild type mice were divided into normoxic control group (NC), simulated altitude of 3500m hypoxic training group (3500HT) and simulated altitude of 5000m hypoxic training group (5000HT) randomly and respectively. The mice run on treadmill in speed of 12 m/min, 1h/day, 6day/week, for 4 weeks. Oxygen concentration in hypoxia was 13.3% and 10%. Mice were treated for 4 weeks, 8h/day. 48 h after the last training, the mice were sacrificed and skeletal muscles of legs were collected. Western Blot tested Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme protein. Antioxidant enzymes mRNA were tested by RT-PCR. High quality fluorescence measurement was used to test ROS levels in skeletal muscle. Part two, The 30 C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control group (WC), hypoxia group (WH), hypoxic training group (WHT). The hypoxic training arrangement was same as before. After both the interventions, the mice were sacrificed and collected skeletal muscle of legs. The expression of Nrf2, Keap1 and p-Nrf2 were analyzed by western blot. High quality fluorescence assay was done to detect ROS level in skeletal muscle of mice. \u0000Results (1) Compared with the same type mice NC group, Nrf2 protein, the mRNA and protein of CAT, GPX-1, GCLm, the mRNA of SOD1, SOD2, HO-1 were increased in wild type mice 3500HT group. And the Nrf2 protein, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, SOD2, the mRNA of CAT, NQO-1, GCLc, GCLm mRNA, the protein of HO-1 were decreased, and the ROS levels was higher in wile type mice 5000HT group. The mRNA of CAT, HO-1 in Nrf2-KO mice 3500HT group were increased, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, the mRNA of SOD2, the protein of GCLc were decreased, but the GCLc mRNA was increased in Nrf2-KO mice 5000HT group. When compared with the same intervention wild type mice, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, GPX-1, SOD2, HO-1, the mRNA of CAT, NQO-1, GCLc, GCLm were decreased in Nrf2-KO mice 3500HT group. The mRNA of GCLm, NQO-1, the protein of GCLc, HO-1 were decreased, but the GCLc mRNA was increased. (2) Nrf2/Keap1 complex contents in mice skeletal muscle of WH and WHT groups were significantly increased compared with WC group respectively. The free Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle of WH、WHT groups were significantly reduced compared with WC group respectively. After both types of intervention, free Keap1 had no change nearly in skeletal muscle of mice. Compared with WC group, p-Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle of WH and WHT groups were significantly reduced. The ROS level in mice skeletal muscle of WHT group significantly increased compared with WC group mice. Conclusions: Hypoxia and hypoxia training three i","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72797378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective When arriving at altitude, because of the dry air, strong ultraviolet and especially the low oxygen et.al., athletes who living on the plain always exhibited kinds of stress reactions such as hyperventilation, tachycardia, dizziness, sleep-disorder, gastrointestinal disturbance and cognitive impairment in the early phase. Except these stress reactions, some studies reported the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism show significant change. Acute exposure to hypoxia could strengthen the glycolysis and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis. The expression of some genes involved in lipid oxidation was down-regulated. However, it’s also found the increased activity of some enzymes took part in aerobic metabolism in muscle after long term acclimatization to altitude. These inconsistent conclusions make us confusion. Train load is an important factor influence the stress reactions which isn’t like as altitude travel for normal people. What would happen in the body of athletes when altitude training? We still know very little. Metabonomic give us a new tool to understand the whole map of body’s reaction to altitude training. In this pilot study, we aimed to explore the plasma profiles changes of elite rowers in the early two-weeks training at 2300m plateau using metabolic tool based on LC-MS. Methods Sixteen male elite rowers(age 25.56±3.44y, height 189.06±5.37cm, weight 82.81±12.25kg, training years 10.31±2.52y) from China National team took part in this research. This altitude training camp was organized in the preparation period of a new season. It lasted six weeks. The acute phase (AP) which was the first three days after arriving at 2300m altitude base was composed by regenerative training and low-intensity aerobic training sessions. During the next ten days (chronic phase, CP), the intensity of most sessions including three low-weight resistance training sets were low to middle aerobic. After resting half day, 5 ml venous blood was collected into heparin anticoagulant tubes and then centrifuged at 8000rpm in 4℃ lasting 15 minutes to separate plasma in the 4th day and 14th morning. Plasma was stored in -80℃ to measure metabolic profile by LC-MS. The data was performed feature extraction and preprocessed with Compound Discoverer 2.0 software (Thermo), and then normalized and edited into two-dimensional data matrix by excel 2010 software, including Retention time(RT), Compound Molecular Weight (compMW), Observations(samples) and peak intensity. The feature data after editing were performed Multivariate Analysis (MVA) using SIMCA-P software (Umetrics AB, Umea, Sweden). Results Compared with pre-altitude, 26 and 30 features at (ESI+) ion mode, 57 and 49 features at (ESI-) ion mode were found in the AP and CP respectively. Compared AP with CP, there were 46 features at (ESI+) ion mode and 67 features at (ESI-) ion mode. In AP, plasma benzamide and indole-3-acetaldehyde increased 35.16 fold and 16.54 fold respectively. Plasma phenethylamine, phenol, i
{"title":"PO-053 Plasma Metabolic Profiles of Elite Rowers Response to the Early Phase of Altitude Training Based on LC-MS","authors":"Huan Gao, B. Gao, Zhijun Meng","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I3.10723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I3.10723","url":null,"abstract":"Objective When arriving at altitude, because of the dry air, strong ultraviolet and especially the low oxygen et.al., athletes who living on the plain always exhibited kinds of stress reactions such as hyperventilation, tachycardia, dizziness, sleep-disorder, gastrointestinal disturbance and cognitive impairment in the early phase. Except these stress reactions, some studies reported the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism show significant change. Acute exposure to hypoxia could strengthen the glycolysis and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis. The expression of some genes involved in lipid oxidation was down-regulated. However, it’s also found the increased activity of some enzymes took part in aerobic metabolism in muscle after long term acclimatization to altitude. These inconsistent conclusions make us confusion. Train load is an important factor influence the stress reactions which isn’t like as altitude travel for normal people. What would happen in the body of athletes when altitude training? We still know very little. Metabonomic give us a new tool to understand the whole map of body’s reaction to altitude training. In this pilot study, we aimed to explore the plasma profiles changes of elite rowers in the early two-weeks training at 2300m plateau using metabolic tool based on LC-MS. \u0000Methods Sixteen male elite rowers(age 25.56±3.44y, height 189.06±5.37cm, weight 82.81±12.25kg, training years 10.31±2.52y) from China National team took part in this research. This altitude training camp was organized in the preparation period of a new season. It lasted six weeks. The acute phase (AP) which was the first three days after arriving at 2300m altitude base was composed by regenerative training and low-intensity aerobic training sessions. During the next ten days (chronic phase, CP), the intensity of most sessions including three low-weight resistance training sets were low to middle aerobic. After resting half day, 5 ml venous blood was collected into heparin anticoagulant tubes and then centrifuged at 8000rpm in 4℃ lasting 15 minutes to separate plasma in the 4th day and 14th morning. Plasma was stored in -80℃ to measure metabolic profile by LC-MS. The data was performed feature extraction and preprocessed with Compound Discoverer 2.0 software (Thermo), and then normalized and edited into two-dimensional data matrix by excel 2010 software, including Retention time(RT), Compound Molecular Weight (compMW), Observations(samples) and peak intensity. The feature data after editing were performed Multivariate Analysis (MVA) using SIMCA-P software (Umetrics AB, Umea, Sweden). \u0000Results Compared with pre-altitude, 26 and 30 features at (ESI+) ion mode, 57 and 49 features at (ESI-) ion mode were found in the AP and CP respectively. Compared AP with CP, there were 46 features at (ESI+) ion mode and 67 features at (ESI-) ion mode. In AP, plasma benzamide and indole-3-acetaldehyde increased 35.16 fold and 16.54 fold respectively. Plasma phenethylamine, phenol, i","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72885741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Xi, Yongxia Li, Meili Hao, Lin Shi, D. Gong, Zhenjun Tian
Objective Exercise has been reported to have positive function after myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanisms of exercise-induced cardioprotection are poorly understood. ELABELA (ELA) is a hormone and plays a vital role in cardiovascular system. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of exercise and exogenous ELA administration on cardioprotection in MI rat. Methods MI was established by left coronary artery ligation. MI rats underwent 4 weeks of sustainedaerobic exercise and Fc-ELA-21 or Fc-ELA-32 injection. H9C2 cells were treated by ELA-14 peptide. Akt signal was inhibited by LY294002. Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamics; Myocardium fibrosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis were visualized by Masson’s staining, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL, respectively; Protein expression was quantified by Western blotting. Results Exercise induced angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte proliferation, reduced fibrosis and improved the function of MI heart. Fc-ELA-21 injection further facilitated the exercise-induced cardioprotection effects. APJ expression was up-regulated and Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal was activated by both exercise and Fc-ELA-21. In H9C2 cells, ELA-14 activated Akt signal by dose dependent manner. Akt signal inhibitioninvalidated ELA-14 function. Fc-ELA-32 directly improved structural and functional recovery of post-MI hearts. Conclusions ELA is a heart protector and facilitates exercise-induced cardioprotectionthrough Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal inpost-infarction cardiac remodeling.
{"title":"PO-162 ELABELA Facilitates Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Post-Infarction Cardiac Remodeling","authors":"Yue Xi, Yongxia Li, Meili Hao, Lin Shi, D. Gong, Zhenjun Tian","doi":"10.14428/EBR.V1I4.11893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14428/EBR.V1I4.11893","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Exercise has been reported to have positive function after myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanisms of exercise-induced cardioprotection are poorly understood. ELABELA (ELA) is a hormone and plays a vital role in cardiovascular system. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of exercise and exogenous ELA administration on cardioprotection in MI rat. \u0000Methods MI was established by left coronary artery ligation. MI rats underwent 4 weeks of sustainedaerobic exercise and Fc-ELA-21 or Fc-ELA-32 injection. H9C2 cells were treated by ELA-14 peptide. Akt signal was inhibited by LY294002. Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamics; Myocardium fibrosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis were visualized by Masson’s staining, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL, respectively; Protein expression was quantified by Western blotting. \u0000Results Exercise induced angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte proliferation, reduced fibrosis and improved the function of MI heart. Fc-ELA-21 injection further facilitated the exercise-induced cardioprotection effects. APJ expression was up-regulated and Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal was activated by both exercise and Fc-ELA-21. In H9C2 cells, ELA-14 activated Akt signal by dose dependent manner. Akt signal inhibitioninvalidated ELA-14 function. Fc-ELA-32 directly improved structural and functional recovery of post-MI hearts. \u0000Conclusions ELA is a heart protector and facilitates exercise-induced cardioprotectionthrough Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal inpost-infarction cardiac remodeling.","PeriodicalId":12276,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Biochemistry Review","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75950909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：