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Hot and cold drying of edible flowers affect metabolite patterns of extracts and decoctions 食用花卉的冷热干燥会影响提取物和煎剂的代谢产物模式
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0015
S. Demasi, M. Caser, V. Scariot
ABSTRACT Edible flowers are rich in bioactive compounds and pigments that are on increasing demand in nutraceutical, medicinal, food, cosmetic and dyeing industries. This study evaluated the anthocyanins, phenolics and antioxidant activity of eight edible flowers (Bellis perennis L., Centaurea cyanus L., Dianthus carthusianorum L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Primula vulgaris Huds., Rosa canina L., Rosa pendulina L. and Viola odorata L.) after 24 h of hot drying (50 °C; natural convection stove) or cold drying (CD) (22 °C; heat-pump drying system). The hot-dried and cold-dried materials were then used to prepare ultrasound-assisted extracts, which are used as food additives or as a source of natural colourants, or decoctions (DECs), which are used for herbal teas. The edible flower UAEs and DECs had high amounts of anthocyanins (up to 3,284.6 mg C3G · 100 g-1), phenolics (up to 9,034 mg · 100 g-1) and antioxidant activity (866 μmol TE · g-1, 4,901 mmol Fe2+ · kg-1), with roses having the highest amount. The anthocyanin content and phenolic profile (flavonols, benzoic acids, cinnamic acids and flavanols) of edible flowers are found to be affected by drying and extraction methods. For decoctions, CD was found to be the most efficient drying method for all the parameters. For UAEs, CD resulted in a higher anthocyanin content, while hot drying resulted in a higher phenolic content, particularly flavanols. Overall, the studied edible flower extracts and decoctions can contribute to healthy and coloured substances, which can be used for designing innovative natural products. Rosa pendulina and R. canina are the most promising sources.
摘要食用花卉富含生物活性化合物和色素,在营养、医药、食品、化妆品和染料行业的需求越来越大。本研究评价了8种可食用花卉(Bellis perennis L.、Centaurea cyanus L.、Dianthus cartusianorum L.、Lavandula angustifolia Mill.、Primula vulgaris Huds.、Rosa canina L.、Rosa pendulina L.和Viola odorata L.)在热干燥(50°C;自然对流炉)或冷干燥(CD)(22°C;热泵干燥系统)24小时后的花青素、酚类物质和抗氧化活性。然后,将热干燥和冷干燥的材料用于制备超声波辅助提取物,该提取物用作食品添加剂或天然着色剂的来源,或用于草药茶的煎剂(DEC)。食用花UAEs和DECs具有高含量的花青素(高达3284.6 mg C3G·100 g-1)、酚类物质(高达9034 mg·100 g-1)和抗氧化活性(866μmol TE·g-1,4901 mmol Fe2+·kg-1),其中玫瑰含量最高。食用花的花青素含量和酚类物质(黄酮醇、苯甲酸、肉桂酸和黄烷醇)受到干燥和提取方法的影响。对于煎剂,CD被发现是所有参数下最有效的干燥方法。对于UAE,CD导致较高的花青素含量,而热干燥导致较高的酚类含量,尤其是黄烷醇。总的来说,所研究的可食用花卉提取物和煎剂可以产生健康和着色的物质,可用于设计创新的天然产品。下垂蔷薇和犬齿蔷薇是最有前景的来源。
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引用次数: 2
The effect of application of effluent water on sage (Salvia officinalis L.) yield and quality in lysimeters 污水处理对鼠尾草产量和品质的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0013
N. Valkovszki, M. Jancsó, Á. Székely, T. Szalóki, Ildikó Kolozsvári, Szilvia Tavaszi-Sárosi, Á. Kun
ABSTRACT Cultivation of medicinal plants with the irrigation of agricultural effluents might be of great importance to save fresh water resources, extend cultivation area and increase economic feasibility. We investigated the effects of saline fish farm effluent water, diluted and gypsum-supplemented effluent, and natural freshwater as a control irrigation in lysimeters. Beside plant growth parameters, macronutrient and sodium content and the amount and composition of essential oil of sage plants were measured. Significant differences among irrigation treatments were found in plant height, SPAD value and essential oil content. Seasonal variation was also observed on plant height, nutrient content of the leaves and the total essential oil content. The essential oil components characterised by the highest levels of availability were detected as α-thujone, camphor, ß-thujone, 1,8-cineol and ledol. Under effluent irrigation, the concentrations of - and ß-thujone increased slightly; only camphene, trans-sabinole and caryophyllene-oxide changed significantly. The other main components remained stable. Our analysis of the response of sage to the input of effluent provides a reasonable ground for recommending the utilisation of saline effluent water from intensive fish farming in sage production, thus preventing the wastage of valuable water resources.
利用农业废水灌溉栽培药用植物,对节约淡水资源、扩大种植面积、提高经济效益具有重要意义。我们研究了盐场废水、稀释和石膏补充废水以及天然淡水作为对照灌溉的效果。除测定植物生长参数外,还测定了鼠尾草植物的常量营养素和钠含量以及精油的含量和组成。不同灌溉处理在株高、SPAD值和挥发油含量上存在显著差异。株高、叶片养分含量和总挥发油含量也有季节变化。有效度最高的精油成分为α-图琼、樟脑、ß-图琼、1,8-桉叶油醇和ledol。出水灌溉下-和ß-图琼酮浓度略有升高;只有樟烯、反式松香素和石竹烯-氧化物变化显著。其他主要成分保持稳定。我们分析了鼠尾草对污水输入的反应,为建议在鼠尾草生产中使用集约化养鱼场排出的含盐污水提供了合理的依据,从而防止了宝贵水资源的浪费。
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引用次数: 1
Optimisation of ultrasonic-assisted extraction and biological activity of total flavonoids from leaves of Murrayae exotica using response surface methodology 利用响应面法优化超声辅助提取海参叶总黄酮的工艺及生物活性
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0010
Yao Wen, Man Liu, Xueying Mai
ABSTRACT Murrayae exotica is a traditional Chinese medicine widely grown in southeast China. A Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology was employed to further optimise ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions for M. exotica leaves total flavonoids (MELTF). The results showed that the optimised extraction conditions were an ultrasonic power of 240 W, an ultrasonic temperature of 60 °C, a solvent concentration of 76%, an ultrasonic time of 55 min and a liquid–solid ratio of 22 mL · g−1. Under these conditions, 8.59 ± 0.34 mg · g−1 was achieved as the mean experimental value of extraction yield, which amounts to 2.56 times that of ethanol leaching extraction. As compared to MELTF, MELTF after purification (MELPTF) had a higher purity of 9.96%, which was nearly nine times higher than that of MELTF (1.26%). As compared to MELTF, MELPTF had higher α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities as well as DPPH· and ABTS·+ scavenging activities with IC50 values of 0.021, 0.094, 0.245 and 0.113 mg · mL−1, which are 1.33, 2.12, 3.17 and 1.78 times higher than those of MELTF (0.028, 0.199, 0.777 and 0.201 mg · mL−1). The study thus demonstrates the eligibility of MELPTF to be considered as a multifunctional bioactive ingredient having potential applications in anti-hyperglycaemic pharmaceutical formulation and as an antioxidant in functional foods.
野村是一种广泛生长在中国东南部的中药。采用响应面法的Box-Behnken设计,进一步优化超声辅助提取野荆叶总黄酮的工艺条件。结果表明,最佳提取条件为超声功率240 W,超声温度60℃,溶剂浓度76%,超声时间55 min,液固比22 mL·g−1。在此条件下,提取得率的平均实验值为8.59±0.34 mg·g−1,是乙醇浸提的2.56倍。与MELTF相比,纯化后的MELTF (MELPTF)纯度为9.96%,是MELTF(1.26%)的近9倍。与MELTF相比,MELPTF具有更高的α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶抑制活性以及DPPH·和ABTS·+清除活性,IC50值分别为0.021、0.094、0.245和0.113 mg·mL−1,分别是MELTF(0.028、0.199、0.777和0.201 mg·mL−1)的1.33、2.12、3.17和1.78倍。因此,该研究证明了MELPTF作为一种多功能生物活性成分的资格,在抗高血糖药物配方和功能食品中的抗氧化剂中具有潜在的应用前景。
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引用次数: 1
MAP kinase and plant–pathogen interactions govern male Zizania latifolia responses to Ustilago esculenta during the early stages of infection MAP激酶和植物-病原体的相互作用决定了在感染的早期阶段,宽叶雄藻对黑罗非鱼的反应
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0011
Pengfei Guo, Huimin Zhou, LongFei Bai, Yayu Lin, Yalong Zhang, Bichen Wang, Xiaomei He, D. Gan
ABSTRACT This study explored the effect of Ustilago esculenta infection on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in male Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia). We injected male Jiaobai plants at the five-leaf stage with U. esculenta suspension, and leaves at different timepoints after inoculation were collected for transcriptome sequencing. Transcriptome sequencing identified 1,226 DEGs mainly enriched in resistance-related processes. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that ‘plant–pathogen interaction’ and ‘MAPK signalling pathway-plant’ were the two most important upregulated pathways, and 16 candidate genes related to response to U. esculenta infection were screened. The results provide a basis for determining the molecular mechanisms of the response of male Z. latifolia to U. esculenta infection.
摘要本研究探讨了乌丝罗非鱼感染对东北野生稻差异表达基因(DEGs)的影响。我们给处于五叶期的雄性胶白植物注射钩藤悬浮液,并收集接种后不同时间点的叶片进行转录组测序。转录组测序鉴定出1226个DEG,主要富集在抗性相关过程中。加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)表明,“植物-病原体相互作用”和“MAPK信号通路-植物”是两个最重要的上调途径,筛选出16个与对钩藤感染反应相关的候选基因。研究结果为确定宽叶泽兰雄性对钩藤感染反应的分子机制提供了依据。
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引用次数: 1
Study on pollen viability and stigma receptivity throughout the flowering period in the selected taxa of the Gesneriaceae family 苦苣苔科植物花期花粉活力和柱头接受性的研究
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0009
Françoise Baptiste, Jong-Yi Fang
ABSTRACT Plants in the Gesneriaceae family are appreciated for their decorative leaves and flowers, ease of cultivation, and shade tolerance. Sexual hybridisation has long been carried out for producing novel hybrids. However, scientific knowledge is lacking on the correct timing of pollination in this family. This study was conducted to elucidate the optimal timing for pollination by screening pollen viability and stigma receptivity throughout the flowering period in eight gesneriad taxa. Pollen viability was evaluated by the in vitro germination test and stigma receptivity was based on stigma morphology and pistil length. The flowering duration varied from 10 days in Alsobia to 18 days in Streptocarpus. While the pollens of Episcia, Kohleria, Saintpaulia, Sinningia, and Smithiantha had totally lost viability 2–5 days before the flowers withered, a slightly contrasting situation was observed in the cases of Alsobia, Deinostigma, and Streptocarpus, where a small portion of pollen grains remained viable towards the end of the flowering period. The highest pollen germination rate was recorded from 1 day in Alsobia, Episcia, and Kohleria, to 9 days in Deinostigma. The reduction in pollen germination was rapid in Alsobia, Saintpaulia, and Smithiantha, and moderate in the remaining taxa. The greatest pollen tube growth occurred at 1–3 days after flower opening and decreased rapidly in all the taxa tested. The longest pistil of 2.03–3.50 cm was observed at 3–8 days of anthesis depending on the plant tested. The findings in this study suggest that higher pollination success may be achieved using pollen grains of newly opened flowers and stigmas of mature flowers in this family.
苦苣苔科植物因其具有装饰性的叶和花、易于栽培和耐阴性而受到人们的重视。长期以来,人们一直通过有性杂交来产生新的杂交种。然而,关于这个科的正确授粉时间缺乏科学知识。本研究通过筛选8个属类群的花粉活力和柱头可受性来确定最佳授粉时机。通过离体萌发试验评价花粉活力,通过柱头形态和雌蕊长度评价柱头接受度。花期从10天到18天不等。Episcia、Kohleria、Saintpaulia、Sinningia和Smithiantha的花粉在花凋谢前2-5天就完全失去了活力,而Alsobia、deino柱头和Streptocarpus的情况则略有不同,在花期结束时,仍有一小部分花粉颗粒保持活力。花粉发芽率最高的品种为黑柱头属、黑柱头属和黑柱头属,发芽率最高的品种为1 d ~ 9 d。阿索比亚、圣保利亚和史密斯亚塔的花粉萌发率下降较快,其余分类群的花粉萌发率下降较缓。各类群花粉管生长在开花后1 ~ 3 d达到高峰,并迅速下降。不同植物在开花后3 ~ 8天雌蕊最长,为2.03 ~ 3.50 cm。本研究结果表明,利用该科新开花的花粉粒和成熟花的柱头可以获得更高的授粉成功率。
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引用次数: 0
A comparative study of morphological characteristics in diploid and tetraploid (auto and allotetraploids) Citrullus genotypes 二倍体和四倍体(自体和异源四倍体)西瓜形态特征的比较研究
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0003
A. Aydin, H. Yetişir
ABSTRACT In this study, ploidy levels were determined by stomatal observations and flow cytometry analysis of plants polyploidised by the application of 0.05% colchicine to seedlings at the first true leaf stage. In the study of developing polyploid watermelon rootstocks, the survival rate of the plants was 77%, and the polyploidisation rates were 11% and 3% according to stomatal observations and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. According to the results of flow cytometry, 22 polyploid genotypes were determined. Auto- (12) and allotetraploids (10) of Citrullus genotypes were developed, and their plant growth performance was determined in hydroponic culture in comparison with diploids, commercial rootstocks (RS841, ‘Argentario’) and watermelon cultivar (‘Crimson Tide’). Putative tetraploids and their diploid controls were grown in hydroponic culture for 21 days, and their vegetative growth performances were determined. The results showed that the increases in plant biomass depending on polyploidisation were 100% in autotetraploids and 156% in allotetraploids as compared to diploid controls.
摘要本研究通过气孔观察和流式细胞术分析,测定了0.05%秋水仙碱对第一真叶期幼苗多倍体的倍性水平。根据气孔观察和流式细胞仪分析,在开发多倍体西瓜砧木的研究中,植株的存活率为77%,多倍体化率分别为11%和3%。根据流式细胞术的结果,确定了22种多倍体基因型。开发了Citrullus基因型的Auto-(12)和同素异形体(10),并与二倍体、商业砧木(RS841,‘Argentario’)和西瓜品种(‘Crimson Tide’)进行了水培比较,测定了它们的植株生长性能。在水培培养基中培养21天,测定了假定的四倍体及其二倍体对照的营养生长性能。结果表明,与二倍体对照相比,同源四倍体和异源四倍体的植物生物量分别增加了100%和156%。
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引用次数: 0
Physico-chemical properties revealed huge diversity in 50 date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) genotypes 理化性质揭示了50种椰枣(Phoenix dactylifera L.)基因型的巨大多样性
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0008
R. Ahmad, M. A. Anjum, S. Ercişli, W. Malik, E. Sakar, R. Marc, R. Karunakaran
ABSTRACT Date palm has excellent economic value all over the world. Date palm genotypes grown in Pakistan are diverse in nature. The current study aimed to explore the diversity in 50 date palm genotypes collected from two different research stations in Punjab, Pakistan. The study findings are as follows: Dhakki had the highest fruit weight, pulp weight, fruit width and fruit volume. Jaman had a longer fruit length. Eedel Shah and Begum Jangi had greater fruit thickness and fruit perimeter, respectively. Makran showed a higher fruit area. Dedhi showed the highest stone weight, thickness and volume. Halmain had a longer stone length, and Sundari had an extended stone width. Makhi exhibited a higher stone perimeter and area. The Danda genotype had low weight and a small length of the stone. Begum Jangi and Peeli Sundar had small stone width. Seib and Shado had a higher moisture content in their fruits. The fruits of Baidhar and Khudraw-2 genotypes had the highest dry matter and reducing sugars. Champa Kali and Shakri had higher TSS levels in fruits. Halmain had higher juice pH. The fruits of Pathri and Makhi genotypes exhibited higher non-reducing sugars and carotenoids. In this study, a dendrogram was constructed to cluster 50 genotypes into five different clusters based on their physico-chemical characteristics. The correlation matrix and variable plot revealed positive and negative correlations between fruits traits and their biochemical properties conducive to the improvement of desired traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that Dhakki, Chohara, Baidhar, Karbalaen and Eedel Shah showed a higher genetic diversity; hence, in the scatter plot and biplot, these genotypes deviated from the centre of origin. Physico-chemical characteristics of data palm genotypes indicated a huge diversity among them, which could help select diverse parents, which is important for different breeding purposes.
摘要椰枣在世界各地都具有卓越的经济价值。在巴基斯坦种植的椰枣基因型在性质上是多样的。目前的研究旨在探索从巴基斯坦旁遮普邦的两个不同研究站收集的50种椰枣基因型的多样性。研究结果表明:达基具有最高的果实重量、果肉重量、果实宽度和果实体积。贾曼的果实长度较长。Eedel Shah和Begum Jangi的果实厚度和周长分别较大。马克兰的果实面积更大。德迪的石头重量、厚度和体积都最高。Halmain的石头长度更长,Sundari的石头宽度更长。Makhi展示了更高的石头周长和面积。丹达基因型具有较低的体重和较小的结石长度。Begum Jangi和Peeli Sundar的石头宽度很小。Seib和Shadow的果实水分含量较高。Baidhar和Khudraw-2基因型的果实干物质和还原糖含量最高。Champa Kali和Shakri的果实TSS水平较高。Halmain的汁液pH值较高。Pathri和Makhi基因型的果实表现出较高的非还原糖和类胡萝卜素。在本研究中,构建了一个树状图,根据50种基因型的理化特征将其聚类为五个不同的聚类。相关矩阵和变量图揭示了果实性状与其生化特性之间的正相关和负相关,有利于所需性状的改善。主成分分析(PCA)显示,Dhakki、Chohara、Baidhar、Karbalaen和Eedel Shah表现出较高的遗传多样性;因此,在散点图和双图中,这些基因型偏离了起源中心。数据棕榈基因型的理化特征表明它们之间存在巨大的多样性,这有助于选择多样化的亲本,这对不同的育种目的很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Ameliorative effects of microbial fertiliser on yield and quality parameters of curly lettuce and cucumber with fertiliser saving 微生物肥料对卷莴苣和黄瓜产量和质量参数的改善作用
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0007
H. Demir, H. K. Yalçì, Ayşe Katgici
ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the potential effects of microbial fertilizer on the growth, yield and quality parameters and fertiliser savings of lettuce and cucumber. The study had control (C), microbial fertilisation (MF), chemical fertilisation (CF), chemical fertilisation + microbial fertilisation (CF + MF), 50% chemical fertilisation + microbial fertilisation (50% CF + MF) and dipping into microbial fertiliser + chemical fertilisation (D + CF) treatments. The highest head length, root collar diameter, soluble solids and leaf number of lettuce were obtained in D+CF. Maximum chlorophyll contents were obtained in CF, CF + MF and D + CF, all of which were higher than the C application. D + CF and CF + MF resulted in the highest total and marketable yields. In cucumber cultivation, although the highest fruit length was obtained in CF, CF + MF, 50% CF + MF and D + CF were only slightly less than CF. The highest fruit diameters were in CF + MF and 50% CF + MF. The chlorophyll contents were significantly more in 50% CF + MF and D + CF than in other applications. The highest first- and second-class yields were in 50% CF + MF and were significantly higher than those in C and CF. Average fruit weight was also higher in all MF applications. It counclud that the alone MF application is not important, so MF has to be used with organic or chemical fertilisers in lettuce and cucumber cultivation.
摘要本研究旨在评价微生物肥对生菜和黄瓜生长、产量和品质参数以及肥料节约的潜在影响。试验采用对照(C)、微生物施肥(MF)、化学施肥(CF)、化学施肥+微生物施肥(CF + MF)、50%化学施肥+微生物施肥(50% CF + MF)和浸施微生物施肥+化学施肥(D + CF)处理。D+CF处理莴苣的头长、根颈直径、可溶性固形物和叶数最高。叶绿素含量以CF、CF + MF和D + CF处理最高,均高于C处理。D + CF和CF + MF的总产量和可销售产量最高。在黄瓜栽培中,虽然CF + MF、50% CF + MF和D + CF的果实长度最高,但CF + MF、50% CF + MF和D + CF的果实直径略小于CF, CF + MF和50% CF + MF的果实直径最高。50% CF + MF和D + CF处理的叶绿素含量显著高于其他处理。一级和二级产量最高的是50% CF + MF处理,显著高于C和CF处理,平均单果重也高于所有MF处理。因此,在生菜和黄瓜的栽培中,必须与有机肥或化肥同时施用。
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引用次数: 0
Byrsonima crassifolia L. Kunth a bio-resource with potential: Overview and opportunities 具有潜力的生物资源:综述与机遇
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-18 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0005
C. San-Martín-Hernández, M. Martínez-Téllez, Otila Noema Valenzuela-Amavizca, E. Aispuro-Hernández, Mario Sánchez-Sánchez, Estela Hernández-Camarillo, L. López-Martínez, E. Quintana-Obregón
ABSTRACT Byrsonima crassifolia L. Kunth is a plant native to the Americas that grows in tropical and subtropical areas. Fresh B. crassifolia fruits are a good source of ascorbic acid and carotenoids and contain volatile compounds such as butyric and caproic acids. Although B. crassifolia is commonly exploited from wild natural ecosystems, it exhibits the potential to become a crop plant. When optimal agronomic management systems support propagation by seed, fruits with more homogeneous characteristics can be produced compared to those obtained from wild or backyard plants. B. crassifolia fruits can be found in local markets in Central and South America. The pulp, peel, and other B. crassifolia fruit components can be processed to make traditional and innovative food products, namely candies, cookies, cakes, candied fruits, ice creams, sorbets, jellies, juices, liqueurs, jams, nectars, pickles, and fruit drinks as an alternative to avoid the waste of overripe fruits. Additionally, the woody fraction of the B. crassifolia tree is used as a source of firewood, as shade, and for constructing living fences. These uses also allow the maximum use of biomass by establishing support for cultivation with the circular economy and strengthening food security. Therefore, this review aims to provide insights into the generation and dissemination of knowledge supporting the development of strategies in the areas of agronomy, postharvest management, and technological processing of B. crassifolia to promote its sustainable use and exploitation.
摘要:厚叶Byrsonima crassifolia L.Kunth是一种原产于美洲的植物,生长在热带和亚热带地区。新鲜的厚叶B.crassifolia果实是抗坏血酸和类胡萝卜素的良好来源,含有丁酸和己酸等挥发性化合物。尽管青海B.crassifolia通常是从野生自然生态系统中开发的,但它显示出成为作物的潜力。当最佳农艺管理系统支持种子繁殖时,与野生或后院植物相比,可以生产出具有更均匀特性的果实。在中美洲和南美洲的当地市场上都可以找到青海树果实。可以将果肉、果皮和其他厚叶B.crassifolia水果成分加工成传统和创新的食品,即糖果、饼干、蛋糕、蜜糖水果、冰淇淋、冰糕、果冻、果汁、利口酒、果酱、油桃、泡菜和水果饮料,作为避免浪费过熟水果的替代品。此外,厚叶B.crassifolia树的木质部分被用作木柴、树荫和建造生活围栏的来源。这些用途还通过支持循环经济种植和加强粮食安全,最大限度地利用生物质。因此,本综述旨在为知识的产生和传播提供见解,支持厚叶B.crassifolia在农学、采后管理和技术加工领域制定战略,以促进其可持续利用和开发。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of alternative substrates for hydroponics based on biological parameters of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and its stress response 基于叶莴苣生物学参数及其应激反应的水培替代基质评价
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0006
V. Ferby, T. Kopta, M. Komorowska, Maciej Fidurski
ABSTRACT The study focusses on alternative substrates with the potential to replace common substrates, such as mineral wool and perlite, as the influence of these on ecosystems and resources is being debated. To this aim, wood fibre, sheep wool and coco peat substrates were selected for testing. Leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Lisboa’) is taken as the model crop for the evaluation of alternative substrates. The closed hydroponic system ebb and flow with growing in pots was used for the experiment. The parameters of the nutrient solution were EC 1.5–2 mS and pH 6–7. Biological parameters, content of nitrates, plant stress indicators, antioxidant activity (AA) as % scavenging of DPPH (AA), glutathione (GSH), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), total phenol content (TPC) and the content of chosen elements in the drain from substrates were evaluated. According to the biomass production of lettuce, the substrates can be ranked from the lowest as follows: sheep wool < wood fibre < mineral wool < perlite < coco peat. The levels of GSH and APX did not affect AA. The TPC showed the greatest effect on AA and the stress response in general. The nitrate content ranged between 426 and 686 mg · kg–1 of fresh mass. Instead of mineral wool and perlite, coco fibre could be a promising alternative organic substrate for lettuce production in the ebb and flow hydroponics system. Wood fibre and sheep wool still have unresolved circumstances regarding their physical and chemical parameters.
本研究的重点是有可能取代普通基质的替代基质,如矿棉和珍珠岩,因为它们对生态系统和资源的影响正在讨论中。为此,选择了木材纤维、羊毛和椰子泥炭作为试验基质。以叶莴苣(Lactuca sativa L. ' Lisboa ')为模型作物,对其替代基质进行评价。试验采用封闭的水培系统,即盆中生长的潮起潮落系统。营养液的参数为EC 1.5 ~ 2 mS, pH 6 ~ 7。研究了生物参数、硝酸盐含量、植物胁迫指标、抗氧化活性(AA)、DPPH (AA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、总酚含量(TPC)和底物中选定元素的含量。根据生菜的生物量产量,底物可由低至低排列为:羊毛<木纤维<矿棉<珍珠岩<椰子泥炭。GSH和APX水平不影响AA。总的来说,TPC对AA和应激反应的影响最大。硝酸盐含量在426 ~ 686 mg·kg-1(新鲜质量)之间。可可纤维可以代替矿棉和珍珠岩,在潮汐水培系统中作为生菜生产的有机基质。木纤维和羊毛的物理和化学参数仍有未解决的情况。
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引用次数: 0
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