首页 > 最新文献

Folia Horticulturae最新文献

英文 中文
Comparative study of the effects of selenium nanoparticles and selenite on selenium content and nutrient quality in soybean sprouts 纳米硒与亚硒酸盐对黄豆芽硒含量及营养品质影响的比较研究
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0017
S. Rao, X. Xiao, Yuan Wang, Yuzhou Xiong, Hua Cheng, Li Li, S. Cheng
Abstract Soybean (Glycine max L.) sprouts are a common vegetable with rich nutrients, such as protein, vitamin C and isoflavones. Soybean is also capable of accumulating selenium (Se). To study the effects of Se biofortification on the nutrient of this crop, soybean sprouts were treated with different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) or selenite (i.e., 10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM, 80 μM and 100 μM) in a hydroponic experiment. Results showed that SeNPs and selenite remarkably increased the total Se concentration in soybean sprouts. Five Se speciations, namely, selenocystine, selenomethionine, methyl selenocysteine, selenite and selenate were detected in soybean sprouts, but selenomethionine was found to be the dominant Se speciation. SeNPs and selenite increased the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid, soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and isoflavones in soybean sprouts. SeNPs treatments led to less malondialdehyde content compared with selenite. SeNPs and selenite both enhanced the glutathione content. The modest dosage of exogenous Se stimulated the catalase activity, whereas the large amount reduced it. The peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were stimulated by SeNPs and selenite. SeNPs posed no significant influence on the superoxide dismutase activity. This study suggests that SeNPs are a good exogenous Se source for the production of Se-rich soybean sprouts.
摘要大豆芽是一种富含蛋白质、维生素C和异黄酮等营养成分的常见蔬菜。大豆还能积累硒(Se)。为研究硒生物强化对豆芽养分的影响,在水培试验中,采用10 μM、20 μM、40 μM、80 μM和100 μM浓度的硒纳米颗粒(SeNPs)和亚硒酸盐处理豆芽。结果表明,SeNPs和亚硒酸盐显著提高了豆芽中总硒浓度。在豆芽中检测到硒半胱氨酸、硒代蛋氨酸、甲基硒半胱氨酸、亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐5种硒形态,其中硒代蛋氨酸为优势硒形态。SeNPs和亚硒酸盐提高了大豆芽中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C和异黄酮的含量。与亚硒酸盐处理相比,SeNPs处理导致丙二醛含量降低。SeNPs和亚硒酸盐均能提高谷胱甘肽含量。适量的硒刺激了过氧化氢酶的活性,大量的硒则降低了过氧化氢酶的活性。SeNPs和亚硒酸盐刺激过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性。SeNPs对超氧化物歧化酶活性无显著影响。本研究表明,SeNPs是生产富硒豆芽的良好外源硒源。
{"title":"Comparative study of the effects of selenium nanoparticles and selenite on selenium content and nutrient quality in soybean sprouts","authors":"S. Rao, X. Xiao, Yuan Wang, Yuzhou Xiong, Hua Cheng, Li Li, S. Cheng","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Soybean (Glycine max L.) sprouts are a common vegetable with rich nutrients, such as protein, vitamin C and isoflavones. Soybean is also capable of accumulating selenium (Se). To study the effects of Se biofortification on the nutrient of this crop, soybean sprouts were treated with different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) or selenite (i.e., 10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM, 80 μM and 100 μM) in a hydroponic experiment. Results showed that SeNPs and selenite remarkably increased the total Se concentration in soybean sprouts. Five Se speciations, namely, selenocystine, selenomethionine, methyl selenocysteine, selenite and selenate were detected in soybean sprouts, but selenomethionine was found to be the dominant Se speciation. SeNPs and selenite increased the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid, soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and isoflavones in soybean sprouts. SeNPs treatments led to less malondialdehyde content compared with selenite. SeNPs and selenite both enhanced the glutathione content. The modest dosage of exogenous Se stimulated the catalase activity, whereas the large amount reduced it. The peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were stimulated by SeNPs and selenite. SeNPs posed no significant influence on the superoxide dismutase activity. This study suggests that SeNPs are a good exogenous Se source for the production of Se-rich soybean sprouts.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"223 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47312832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effects of a weak supply of light at night on the growth and quality components of tea plants 夜间弱光对茶树生长和品质成分的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0020
Qinlin Liu, S. Dong, Xiao-li Hu, Yang Yang, Qian Tang, Lina Tan
Abstract Supplying artificial light is widely used in crop cultivation to improve yield and quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of a weak supply of light (WSL) on the growth and quality components of tea plants. Starting from mid-winter (20 January 2021), the purple tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivar ‘Ziyan’ was exposed to four different spectra at an intensity of 2 μmol · m−2 · s−1 or 5 μmol · m−2 · s−1 for 3 h or 5 h after sunset. The field observations showed that the sprouting index, which represents the time and speed of bud flush, was significantly higher in most of the WSL treatments than in the control (CK, p < 0.01). The total content of catechin in the harvested leaves of 3 WSL treatments was 11.51%–18.94% higher than that of the CK, but the content of anthocyanin of 4 WSL treatments unexpectedly decreased by 6.77%–11.69% (p < 0.05). The differences in yield, free amino acids and caffeine contents between the WSL treatments and CK were not significant. We concluded that the WSL treatments during the early spring night had positive impacts on the growth and some quality components of tea plants.
摘要为提高作物产量和品质,在作物栽培中广泛应用人工光源。在本研究中,我们研究了弱光照对茶树生长和品质成分的影响。从冬至(2021年1月20日)开始,将紫茶品种紫燕暴露在2 μmol·m−2·s−1或5 μmol·m−2·s−1的4种不同光谱下,在日落后分别照射3 h或5 h。田间观察结果表明,大部分WSL处理的发芽指数(即出芽时间和出芽速度)显著高于对照(CK, p < 0.01)。3个WSL处理收获叶片中儿茶素总含量比对照高11.51% ~ 18.94%,花青素含量意外下降6.77% ~ 11.69% (p < 0.05)。在产量、游离氨基酸和咖啡因含量方面,WSL处理与对照差异不显著。结果表明,早春夜的WSL处理对茶树的生长和部分品质成分有积极的影响。
{"title":"Effects of a weak supply of light at night on the growth and quality components of tea plants","authors":"Qinlin Liu, S. Dong, Xiao-li Hu, Yang Yang, Qian Tang, Lina Tan","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Supplying artificial light is widely used in crop cultivation to improve yield and quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of a weak supply of light (WSL) on the growth and quality components of tea plants. Starting from mid-winter (20 January 2021), the purple tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivar ‘Ziyan’ was exposed to four different spectra at an intensity of 2 μmol · m−2 · s−1 or 5 μmol · m−2 · s−1 for 3 h or 5 h after sunset. The field observations showed that the sprouting index, which represents the time and speed of bud flush, was significantly higher in most of the WSL treatments than in the control (CK, p < 0.01). The total content of catechin in the harvested leaves of 3 WSL treatments was 11.51%–18.94% higher than that of the CK, but the content of anthocyanin of 4 WSL treatments unexpectedly decreased by 6.77%–11.69% (p < 0.05). The differences in yield, free amino acids and caffeine contents between the WSL treatments and CK were not significant. We concluded that the WSL treatments during the early spring night had positive impacts on the growth and some quality components of tea plants.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"263 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47522623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Green extraction of bioactive compounds from Azadirachta indica in aqueous glycerol and modelling and optimisation by response surface methodology 水溶甘油绿色提取印楝生物活性化合物及响应面法建模与优化
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0019
Mahnoor Anis, D. Ahmed, Nida Anis
Abstract Development of efficient and green methods for extracting bioactive phytochemicals has great industrial value. Increasing environmental sensitivity at the global level has tremendously enhanced the demand for such methods. Azadirachta indica is a well-known medicinal tree. As glycerol has emerged as a green and safe extraction solvent for bioactive phytochemicals, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a glycerol–water solvent system to extract bioactive compounds from A. indica leaves. Modelling and optimisation were carried out by using response surface methodology (RSM) as per the Box–Behnken design with three variables, namely, solvent concentration, time and temperature. The responses were total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and metal chelating activity (MCA). The optimum conditions found by numerical optimisation were a solvent concentration of 69.713%, a time period of 38.328 min and a temperature of 32.114 °C with the predicted values of TPC, TFC, %DPPH and %MCA as 5.27 mg gallic acid equivalents · g−1 DW (dry weight), 9.869 mg rutin equivalents · g−1 DW, 73.8% and 54.366%, respectively. The validation experiments showed almost the same results for each response with very low% errors (5.431–7.661). Increasing glycerol concentration in the extracting medium favoured the extraction of TPC, TFC and antioxidant phytochemicals, but for MCA, the trend was the opposite. In conclusion, 70% aqueous glycerol is an effective medium for the extraction of polyphenolic and antioxidant phytochemicals from A. indica leaves. Extraction models suggested by RSM have high prospects to be used on a large industrial scale.
摘要开发高效、绿色的植物活性化学物质提取方法具有重要的工业价值。全球一级对环境日益敏感,极大地增加了对这种方法的需求。印楝是一种著名的药用树木。由于甘油已成为一种绿色、安全的生物活性植物化学物质提取溶剂,本研究旨在研究甘油-水溶剂系统从a.indica叶中提取生物活性化合物的功效。根据Box-Behnken设计,使用响应面方法(RSM)进行建模和优化,其中包含三个变量,即溶剂浓度、时间和温度。反应为总酚含量(TPC)、总黄酮含量(TFC)、2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除活性和金属螯合活性(MCA)。通过数值优化发现的最佳条件是溶剂浓度为69.713%,时间为38.328分钟,温度为32.114°C,TPC、TFC、%DPPH和%MCA的预测值分别为5.27 mg没食子酸当量·g−1 DW(干重)、9.869 mg芦丁当量·g–1 DW、73.8%和54.366%。验证实验显示,每个响应的结果几乎相同,误差百分比非常低(5.431–7.661)。提取介质中甘油浓度的增加有利于TPC、TFC和抗氧化植物化学物质的提取,但对于MCA,趋势相反。总之,70%的甘油水溶液是从籼稻叶片中提取多酚和抗氧化植物化学物质的有效介质。RSM提出的萃取模型具有很高的工业化应用前景。
{"title":"Green extraction of bioactive compounds from Azadirachta indica in aqueous glycerol and modelling and optimisation by response surface methodology","authors":"Mahnoor Anis, D. Ahmed, Nida Anis","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Development of efficient and green methods for extracting bioactive phytochemicals has great industrial value. Increasing environmental sensitivity at the global level has tremendously enhanced the demand for such methods. Azadirachta indica is a well-known medicinal tree. As glycerol has emerged as a green and safe extraction solvent for bioactive phytochemicals, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a glycerol–water solvent system to extract bioactive compounds from A. indica leaves. Modelling and optimisation were carried out by using response surface methodology (RSM) as per the Box–Behnken design with three variables, namely, solvent concentration, time and temperature. The responses were total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and metal chelating activity (MCA). The optimum conditions found by numerical optimisation were a solvent concentration of 69.713%, a time period of 38.328 min and a temperature of 32.114 °C with the predicted values of TPC, TFC, %DPPH and %MCA as 5.27 mg gallic acid equivalents · g−1 DW (dry weight), 9.869 mg rutin equivalents · g−1 DW, 73.8% and 54.366%, respectively. The validation experiments showed almost the same results for each response with very low% errors (5.431–7.661). Increasing glycerol concentration in the extracting medium favoured the extraction of TPC, TFC and antioxidant phytochemicals, but for MCA, the trend was the opposite. In conclusion, 70% aqueous glycerol is an effective medium for the extraction of polyphenolic and antioxidant phytochemicals from A. indica leaves. Extraction models suggested by RSM have high prospects to be used on a large industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"249 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49069920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does the sunblock alleviate abiotic stress in mango trees grown in the tropical semiarid? 防晒霜是否能缓解生长在热带半干旱地区的芒果树的非生物胁迫?
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0016
Anderson R. L. Silva, Í. Cavalcante, M. A. Silva, V. B. P. Paiva Neto, R. A. Amariz, Letícia Y. A. Amorim
Abstract Mango is the most exported fruit of Brazil, especially grown in São Francisco Valley (tropical semiarid) where there is high temperatures and low air humidity, a condition that can cause stress to plants. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different sunblocks to alleviate the abiotic stress of “Palmer” mango trees grown in a semiarid environment. The experimental design consisted of randomised blocks with six treatments, four repetitions and three plants per plot. The treatments consisted of different strategies of sunblocks as follows: (T1) control (no sunblock); (T2) calcium carbonate (50 g · L−1); (T3) sunblock (5 mL · L−1); (T4) sunblock (5 mL · L−1) + calcium carbonate (50 g · L−1); (T5) sunblock (5 mL · L−1) + sunblock silicon concentrated (20 mL · L−1) and (T6) sunblock (20 mL · L−1). The results indicate a clear action of sunblock in attenuating the abiotic stress of mango, with a persistent effect with time elapsing, considering the evaluated interval. The sunblock clearly promotes a differentiated leaf coverage pattern, protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and increasing its performance and consequently improving the production of plant reserves. The use of calcium carbonate individually promotes a very short protective effect, without positive reflexes after a few days of application. Mango fruit yield is affected by the sunblock with an increase of 4.2 t · ha−1 from the treatment with sunblock (20 mL · L−1) in relation to the control treatment.
芒果是巴西出口最多的水果,特别是生长在旧金山谷(热带半干旱地区),那里温度高,空气湿度低,这种条件会给植物造成压力。因此,本研究旨在评估不同防晒剂对生长在半干旱环境中的“Palmer”芒果树的非生物胁迫的缓解效果。试验设计包括6个处理,4个重复,每个地块3株植物的随机分组。各组采用不同的防晒霜治疗策略:(T1)对照(不涂防晒霜);(T2)碳酸钙(50 g·L−1);(T3)防晒霜(5 mL·L−1);(T4)防晒霜(5ml·L−1)+碳酸钙(50g·L−1);(T5)防晒霜(5ml·L−1)+防晒硅浓(20ml·L−1)和(T6)防晒霜(20ml·L−1)。结果表明,考虑到评估的时间间隔,防晒霜对芒果的非生物胁迫有明显的减弱作用,并且随着时间的推移具有持续的效果。防晒霜明显促进分化的叶片覆盖模式,保护光合机构,提高其性能,从而提高植物储备的产量。单独使用碳酸钙可以促进很短的保护效果,在使用几天后没有积极的反应。防晒霜对芒果果实产量有影响,与对照处理相比,防晒霜处理(20 mL·L−1)增加了4.2 t·ha−1。
{"title":"Does the sunblock alleviate abiotic stress in mango trees grown in the tropical semiarid?","authors":"Anderson R. L. Silva, Í. Cavalcante, M. A. Silva, V. B. P. Paiva Neto, R. A. Amariz, Letícia Y. A. Amorim","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mango is the most exported fruit of Brazil, especially grown in São Francisco Valley (tropical semiarid) where there is high temperatures and low air humidity, a condition that can cause stress to plants. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different sunblocks to alleviate the abiotic stress of “Palmer” mango trees grown in a semiarid environment. The experimental design consisted of randomised blocks with six treatments, four repetitions and three plants per plot. The treatments consisted of different strategies of sunblocks as follows: (T1) control (no sunblock); (T2) calcium carbonate (50 g · L−1); (T3) sunblock (5 mL · L−1); (T4) sunblock (5 mL · L−1) + calcium carbonate (50 g · L−1); (T5) sunblock (5 mL · L−1) + sunblock silicon concentrated (20 mL · L−1) and (T6) sunblock (20 mL · L−1). The results indicate a clear action of sunblock in attenuating the abiotic stress of mango, with a persistent effect with time elapsing, considering the evaluated interval. The sunblock clearly promotes a differentiated leaf coverage pattern, protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and increasing its performance and consequently improving the production of plant reserves. The use of calcium carbonate individually promotes a very short protective effect, without positive reflexes after a few days of application. Mango fruit yield is affected by the sunblock with an increase of 4.2 t · ha−1 from the treatment with sunblock (20 mL · L−1) in relation to the control treatment.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"211 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of dandelion (Taraxacum spp.) quality evaluation technology based on phenolic acids 基于酚酸的蒲公英品质评价技术的发展
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0015
Zhe Wu, Yahua Yang, Zhaojia Li, Xue-jun Lu, Xiuping Wang
Abstract One of the main purposes for which dandelions are cultivated is to derive phenolic acids from their processing. Phenolic acids, which are one of the main useful compounds in dandelion, constitute one of the important groups of therapeutically significant bioactive compounds in traditional Chinese medicine. To carry out a relatively full evaluation of dandelion quality, it was found advisable to use multiple indices to avoid conflict with the single evaluation index stipulated by China Pharmacopoeia. Thus, a quality evaluation method was created based on traditional Chinese medicinal theory and relevant statistics on phenolic acids. Firstly, four main kinds of phenolic acids – caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and cichoric acid – were chosen as the main indices for quality evaluation through the optimisation of high performance liquid chromatography detection conditions and fingerprint comparison analysis; then, the content of each component was divided into five levels based on the descriptive statistics of 578 dandelion samples and references; finally, the equal weight average method was used to convert content levels of the four components into a comprehensive quality index, which served as the means for dandelion quality to be identified and segregated into grades, as follows: Grade 1 (super high, probability of 0.8%), Grade 2 (high, 18.72%), Grade 3 (medium, 37.28%), Grade 4 (qualified, 32%) and Grade 5 (low, 11.2%). This method is the first to comprehensively evaluate dandelion quality for setting an industry standard in China, and has practical and scientific characteristics.
摘要栽培蒲公英的主要目的之一是从其加工过程中提取酚酸。酚酸是蒲公英中主要有用的化合物之一,是中药中具有重要治疗意义的生物活性化合物之一。为了对蒲公英的质量进行比较全面的评价,建议采用多个指标,避免与《中国药典》规定的单一评价指标相冲突。因此,建立了一种基于中药理论和酚酸相关统计数据的质量评价方法。首先,通过优化高效液相色谱检测条件和指纹图谱对比分析,选择咖啡酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸和菊苣酸四种主要酚酸作为质量评价指标;然后,根据578份蒲公英样品和参考文献的描述性统计,将各成分的含量分为五个层次;最后,采用等重平均法将四种成分的含量水平转换为综合质量指数,作为蒲公英质量的识别和分级手段,分为:1级(超高,概率0.8%)、2级(高,18.72%)、3级(中等,37.28%),4级(合格,32%)和5级(低,11.2%)。该方法是国内首个为制定行业标准而对蒲公英质量进行综合评价的方法,具有实用性和科学性。
{"title":"Development of dandelion (Taraxacum spp.) quality evaluation technology based on phenolic acids","authors":"Zhe Wu, Yahua Yang, Zhaojia Li, Xue-jun Lu, Xiuping Wang","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the main purposes for which dandelions are cultivated is to derive phenolic acids from their processing. Phenolic acids, which are one of the main useful compounds in dandelion, constitute one of the important groups of therapeutically significant bioactive compounds in traditional Chinese medicine. To carry out a relatively full evaluation of dandelion quality, it was found advisable to use multiple indices to avoid conflict with the single evaluation index stipulated by China Pharmacopoeia. Thus, a quality evaluation method was created based on traditional Chinese medicinal theory and relevant statistics on phenolic acids. Firstly, four main kinds of phenolic acids – caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and cichoric acid – were chosen as the main indices for quality evaluation through the optimisation of high performance liquid chromatography detection conditions and fingerprint comparison analysis; then, the content of each component was divided into five levels based on the descriptive statistics of 578 dandelion samples and references; finally, the equal weight average method was used to convert content levels of the four components into a comprehensive quality index, which served as the means for dandelion quality to be identified and segregated into grades, as follows: Grade 1 (super high, probability of 0.8%), Grade 2 (high, 18.72%), Grade 3 (medium, 37.28%), Grade 4 (qualified, 32%) and Grade 5 (low, 11.2%). This method is the first to comprehensively evaluate dandelion quality for setting an industry standard in China, and has practical and scientific characteristics.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"187 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41976915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Waste apple wood: A safe and economical alternative substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes 废苹果木:一种安全、经济的栽培平菇和香菇的替代基质
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0014
G. Yu, Xinxin Li, Shengting Zhao, Shuguang Sun, Yanru Yu, Jinzhi Chen, Xianhao Cheng, Weihuan Li
Abstract The use of waste apple-wood as a source of sawdust to cultivate the mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes is a common practice, but it is imperative to ensure that the wood does not contain unsafe amounts of heavy-metals or pesticide residues. In this study, we sampled and investigated the pollution of heavy metals and pesticide residues in apple-wood from Yantai, Shandong, China and cultivated P. ostreatus and L. edodes using apple-wood as substrate. Heavy metals, pesticide residues, mineral elements, and biological efficiency were measured. Heavy metals were more commonly detected in the 73 apple-wood samples, but serious pollution was only an isolated phenomenon. No Pb was detected in P. ostreatus and L. edodes. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cr were at safe levels. The contents of Ni were equivalent to those of wild mushrooms. Most notably, chlorpyrifos was detected in all the apple-wood tested. However, chlorpyrifos was only detected in L. edodes cultivated with apple sawdust. No other pesticide residues were detected in the other mushroom samples. The biological efficiency of P. ostreatus cultivated by apple sawdust was 89%, which was 80% of the control. The biological efficiency of L. edodes cultivated with apple sawdust was 81%, which did not differ significantly from the control. Apple-wood can replace wild oak as the material for L. edodes cultivation, but producers should ensure that the raw materials are safe. The main materials chosen to cultivate P. ostreatus should balance the two factors of raw material price and biological efficiency.
摘要利用废弃的苹果木作为锯末来源种植蘑菇平菇和香菇是一种常见的做法,但必须确保木材中不含不安全量的重金属或农药残留。在本研究中,我们对山东烟台苹果木中的重金属和农药残留进行了采样和调查,并以苹果木为基质培育了平菇和香菇。测定了重金属、农药残留、矿物元素和生物效率。重金属在73个苹果木样品中更为常见,但严重污染只是一个孤立的现象。在平菇和香菇中未检出铅。汞、砷、镉和铬的含量均处于安全水平。Ni含量与野生蘑菇相当。最值得注意的是,在所有测试的苹果木中都检测到了毒死蜱。然而,毒死蜱只在用苹果木屑培养的香菇中检测到。在其他蘑菇样本中没有检测到其他农药残留。苹果木屑培养平菇的生物学效率为89%,是对照的80%。用苹果木屑培养香菇的生物学效率为81%,与对照相比差异不显著。苹果木可以取代野生橡树作为种植香菇的材料,但生产商应确保原材料的安全。培养平菇的主要材料选择应平衡原料价格和生物效率两个因素。
{"title":"Waste apple wood: A safe and economical alternative substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes","authors":"G. Yu, Xinxin Li, Shengting Zhao, Shuguang Sun, Yanru Yu, Jinzhi Chen, Xianhao Cheng, Weihuan Li","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of waste apple-wood as a source of sawdust to cultivate the mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes is a common practice, but it is imperative to ensure that the wood does not contain unsafe amounts of heavy-metals or pesticide residues. In this study, we sampled and investigated the pollution of heavy metals and pesticide residues in apple-wood from Yantai, Shandong, China and cultivated P. ostreatus and L. edodes using apple-wood as substrate. Heavy metals, pesticide residues, mineral elements, and biological efficiency were measured. Heavy metals were more commonly detected in the 73 apple-wood samples, but serious pollution was only an isolated phenomenon. No Pb was detected in P. ostreatus and L. edodes. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cr were at safe levels. The contents of Ni were equivalent to those of wild mushrooms. Most notably, chlorpyrifos was detected in all the apple-wood tested. However, chlorpyrifos was only detected in L. edodes cultivated with apple sawdust. No other pesticide residues were detected in the other mushroom samples. The biological efficiency of P. ostreatus cultivated by apple sawdust was 89%, which was 80% of the control. The biological efficiency of L. edodes cultivated with apple sawdust was 81%, which did not differ significantly from the control. Apple-wood can replace wild oak as the material for L. edodes cultivation, but producers should ensure that the raw materials are safe. The main materials chosen to cultivate P. ostreatus should balance the two factors of raw material price and biological efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"173 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48006186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
First characterisation of chrysanthemum virus B infecting chrysanthemum in Thailand and development of colourimetric RT-LAMP for rapid and sensitive detection 泰国菊花感染病毒B的首次鉴定及快速灵敏检测的比色RT-LAMP的研制
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0012
Salit Supakitthanakorn, T. Mochizuki, Kanjana Vichittragoontavorn, K. Kunasakdakul, Pilunthana Thapanapongworakul, O. Ruangwong
Abstract Chrysanthemum is among the world's most important ornamental plants because of its high economic and cultural value. Our report is the first to describe the detection of chrysanthemum virus B (CVB) in chrysanthemum leaf samples collected from Thailand, which showed yellowing and mild mottling symptoms. The coat protein sequences of CVB isolated in this study share 95.15% identity with previously characterised CVB isolates. Biological indexing found that CVB induced both local and systemic symptoms in tobacco plants, while petunia displayed systemic symptoms. To improve the rapidity and sensitivity of CVB detection, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique was developed. LAMP detection was found to be optimal when incubation was conducted at 65 °C for 45 min, wherein the LAMP reaction demonstrated 106 times higher sensitivity than polymerase chain reaction. To simplify the interpretation of results, we designed the method such that a positive result is clearly indicated based on a change of colour (colourimetry), from pink to yellow, as observed visually and via gel electrophoresis. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the characterisation of molecular, biological and morphological characteristics of CVB infecting chrysanthemum in Thailand, along with the development of colourimetric RT-LAMP for improving detection efficiency.
摘要菊花具有很高的经济和文化价值,是世界上最重要的观赏植物之一。本报告首次报道了从泰国采集的菊花叶片样品中检测到的菊花病毒B (CVB),其表现为泛黄和轻度斑驳症状。本研究分离得到的CVB外壳蛋白序列与先前鉴定的CVB分离株具有95.15%的同源性。生物学指标显示,CVB在烟草植株中引起了局部性和全身性症状,而矮牵牛表现出全身性症状。为了提高CVB检测的快速和灵敏度,建立了环介导等温扩增(LAMP)技术。在65℃孵育45 min时LAMP检测效果最佳,LAMP反应的灵敏度比聚合酶链反应高106倍。为了简化对结果的解释,我们设计了这样一种方法,即根据颜色的变化(比色法),从粉红色到黄色,通过视觉和凝胶电泳观察,明确表示阳性结果。据我们所知,这是泰国首次报道了CVB侵染菊花的分子、生物学和形态学特征,并开发了比色RT-LAMP,以提高检测效率。
{"title":"First characterisation of chrysanthemum virus B infecting chrysanthemum in Thailand and development of colourimetric RT-LAMP for rapid and sensitive detection","authors":"Salit Supakitthanakorn, T. Mochizuki, Kanjana Vichittragoontavorn, K. Kunasakdakul, Pilunthana Thapanapongworakul, O. Ruangwong","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chrysanthemum is among the world's most important ornamental plants because of its high economic and cultural value. Our report is the first to describe the detection of chrysanthemum virus B (CVB) in chrysanthemum leaf samples collected from Thailand, which showed yellowing and mild mottling symptoms. The coat protein sequences of CVB isolated in this study share 95.15% identity with previously characterised CVB isolates. Biological indexing found that CVB induced both local and systemic symptoms in tobacco plants, while petunia displayed systemic symptoms. To improve the rapidity and sensitivity of CVB detection, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique was developed. LAMP detection was found to be optimal when incubation was conducted at 65 °C for 45 min, wherein the LAMP reaction demonstrated 106 times higher sensitivity than polymerase chain reaction. To simplify the interpretation of results, we designed the method such that a positive result is clearly indicated based on a change of colour (colourimetry), from pink to yellow, as observed visually and via gel electrophoresis. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on the characterisation of molecular, biological and morphological characteristics of CVB infecting chrysanthemum in Thailand, along with the development of colourimetric RT-LAMP for improving detection efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"151 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42860940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from Lagenaria siceraria fruit by response surface methodology 响应面法优化无溶剂微波辅助提取西瓜果实抗氧化化合物
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0013
Sahar Iftikhar, Muhammad Tariq Qamar, A. Y. Aydar, D. Ahmed
Abstract Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) fruit is highly celebrated for its nutritional as well as therapeutic properties. The present study was undertaken with the aim of exploring an efficient green solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction method for bioactives from this fruit. Optimization was done according to response surface methodology (RSM), where microwave power (W) and time (s) were independent factors, and percent extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and iron chelating activity (ICA) were the responses. TPC, TFC, DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP and ICA were highest at 480 W and 60 s. The TPC was 288.9 mg GAE · g−1 DW (milligram gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight), TFC was 214.1 mg RE · g−1 (rutin equivalent per gram DW), anti-radical activity was 32.96%, FRAP was 289.7 mg AAE · g−1 (mg ascorbic acid equivalents per gram) and ICA was 19.52%. The results of the study thus demonstrate that the solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction method, which utilised an optimum power of 480 W and a time of 60 s, is an effective and green method for extraction of antioxidant compounds from bottle gourd fruit.
摘要冬瓜(Lagenaria siceraria)果实因其营养和治疗特性而备受赞誉。本研究旨在探索一种有效的绿色无溶剂微波辅助提取该果实生物活性物质的方法。根据响应面法(RSM)进行优化,其中微波功率(W)和时间(s)是独立因素,提取率、总酚含量(TPC)、总黄酮含量(TFC)、1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除活性、铁还原抗氧化潜力(FRAP)和铁螯合活性(ICA)是响应。TPC、TFC、DPPH自由基清除活性、FRAP和ICA在480 W和60 s时最高。TPC为288.9 mg GAE·g−1 DW(毫克没食子酸当量/克干重),TFC为214.1 mg RE·g−2(芦丁当量/克DW),抗自由基活性为32.96%,FRAP为289.7mg AAE·g−1(mg抗坏血酸当量/克),ICA为19.52%。研究结果表明,无溶剂微波辅助提取法是一种从葫芦果实中提取抗氧化化合物的有效且绿色的方法,最佳功率为480W,时间为60s。
{"title":"Optimization of solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from Lagenaria siceraria fruit by response surface methodology","authors":"Sahar Iftikhar, Muhammad Tariq Qamar, A. Y. Aydar, D. Ahmed","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd) fruit is highly celebrated for its nutritional as well as therapeutic properties. The present study was undertaken with the aim of exploring an efficient green solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction method for bioactives from this fruit. Optimization was done according to response surface methodology (RSM), where microwave power (W) and time (s) were independent factors, and percent extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and iron chelating activity (ICA) were the responses. TPC, TFC, DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP and ICA were highest at 480 W and 60 s. The TPC was 288.9 mg GAE · g−1 DW (milligram gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight), TFC was 214.1 mg RE · g−1 (rutin equivalent per gram DW), anti-radical activity was 32.96%, FRAP was 289.7 mg AAE · g−1 (mg ascorbic acid equivalents per gram) and ICA was 19.52%. The results of the study thus demonstrate that the solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction method, which utilised an optimum power of 480 W and a time of 60 s, is an effective and green method for extraction of antioxidant compounds from bottle gourd fruit.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"163 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47086202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Foliar application of potassium silicate, potassium fulvate and betaine improve summer-time tomato yield by promoting plant nitrogen and potassium uptake 叶面施用硅酸钾、黄酸钾和甜菜碱通过促进植株对氮和钾的吸收来提高夏季番茄产量
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0010
Xiangnan Xu, Xihong Lei, Shangqiang Liao, Yanmei Li, Yanxin Sun
Abstract During the summer months, greenhouse tomato production is challenged by the heat, causing yield reduction; therefore, we conducted a study to test the effectiveness of different foliar spray compositions for the improvement of Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme ‘Qianxi’ nutrition uptake and fruit yield. Two forms of silicon, two kinds of organic nitrogenous compounds and water as the control factor were two-two paired to become nine different recipes, which were as follows: CK (H2O), ISi (K2SiO3), organic silicon (OSi), potassium fulvate (BSFA), BSFA + ISi, BSFA + OSi, betaine (GB), GB + ISi and GB + OSi. The plants were sprayed three times during the period of the first, second and third truss fruit expansions with a 2-week interval. As a result, BSFA or K2SiO3 generated higher yield in plants compared with the other compositions. Also, K2SiO3 significantly enhanced the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in fruit and the whole plant. Comparing across the nine recipes, BSFA + ISi, ISi and GB had improved the fruit yield by 17%, 12.7% and 9.5%, performing the best. BSFA + ISi, ISi and GB also improved the plant nitrogen uptake by 8.2%, 18.8% and 9.8%, as well as the potassium uptake by 16.2%, 12.3% and 15.2%, compared with CK, respectively. Thus, K2SiO3, BSFA and GB stimulated the plant nitrogen and potassium uptake, which improved the marketable yield.
摘要在夏季,温室番茄生产受到高温的挑战,导致产量下降;因此,我们进行了一项研究,以测试不同的叶面喷雾成分对改善黔西番茄营养吸收和果实产量的有效性。以两种形态的硅、两种有机含氮化合物和水为控制因子,将其两两配对,形成9种不同的配方,分别为:CK(H2O)、ISi(K2SiO3)、有机硅(OSi)、黄酸钾(BSFA)、BSFA+ISi、BSFA+OSi、甜菜碱(GB)、GB+ISi和GB+OSi。在第一次、第二次和第三次特拉斯果实膨胀期间,以2周的间隔对植物进行三次喷雾。结果,与其他组合物相比,BSFA或K2SiO3在植物中产生更高的产量。K2SiO3显著提高了果实和全株总氮、磷、钾的积累。在9个配方中,BSFA+ISi、ISi和GB的果实产量分别提高了17%、12.7%和9.5%,表现最好。与对照相比,BSFA+ISi、ISi和GB也分别提高了植物对氮的吸收8.2%、18.8%和9.8%,对钾的吸收16.2%、12.3%和15.2%。因此,K2SiO3、BSFA和GB刺激了植物对氮和钾的吸收,提高了商品产量。
{"title":"Foliar application of potassium silicate, potassium fulvate and betaine improve summer-time tomato yield by promoting plant nitrogen and potassium uptake","authors":"Xiangnan Xu, Xihong Lei, Shangqiang Liao, Yanmei Li, Yanxin Sun","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the summer months, greenhouse tomato production is challenged by the heat, causing yield reduction; therefore, we conducted a study to test the effectiveness of different foliar spray compositions for the improvement of Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme ‘Qianxi’ nutrition uptake and fruit yield. Two forms of silicon, two kinds of organic nitrogenous compounds and water as the control factor were two-two paired to become nine different recipes, which were as follows: CK (H2O), ISi (K2SiO3), organic silicon (OSi), potassium fulvate (BSFA), BSFA + ISi, BSFA + OSi, betaine (GB), GB + ISi and GB + OSi. The plants were sprayed three times during the period of the first, second and third truss fruit expansions with a 2-week interval. As a result, BSFA or K2SiO3 generated higher yield in plants compared with the other compositions. Also, K2SiO3 significantly enhanced the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in fruit and the whole plant. Comparing across the nine recipes, BSFA + ISi, ISi and GB had improved the fruit yield by 17%, 12.7% and 9.5%, performing the best. BSFA + ISi, ISi and GB also improved the plant nitrogen uptake by 8.2%, 18.8% and 9.8%, as well as the potassium uptake by 16.2%, 12.3% and 15.2%, compared with CK, respectively. Thus, K2SiO3, BSFA and GB stimulated the plant nitrogen and potassium uptake, which improved the marketable yield.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"125 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44194099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Mathematical modelling of Hass avocado firmness by using destructive and non-destructive devices at different maturity stages and under two storage conditions 在不同成熟阶段和两种储存条件下,使用破坏性和非破坏性装置对哈斯鳄梨硬度进行数学建模
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2022-0011
V. Uarrota, R. Pedreschi
Abstract Devices which are used to determine firmness of non-destructive nature do not penetrate the skin or damage the underlying flesh of the fruit and do provide real-time results, avoid raw biomass loss and allow the testing of every individual fruit and repeated testing of the same fruit, thus providing many advantages for researchers and the industry alike. Contrarily, destructive methods puncture the fruit and thus only a subsample, selected to represent all fruit, can be tested. In addition, different operators can generate quite different values for the same fruit using a hand-held penetrometer. Hass avocado from two commercial orchards was collected, and fruit firmness was measured at harvest, during two storage conditions controlled atmosphere (CA) and regular air (RA), during shelf-life and at the ready-to-eat stage using both destructive (Fruit Pressure Tester, mod. FT327, Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA) and non-destructive devices (Model TA.XT plusC, Stable Micro Systems Ltd, England). Then, the mathematical relationship between these two devices was assessed using Spearman Correlation coefficient (rho) and p-values adjusted by Benjamini-Hochberg and Bonferroni procedures. Thus, 3,200 fruits were evaluated during two harvests and two subsequent seasons. A moderate and positive association between destructive and non-destructive devices was found (rho coefficient ranging from 0.41 to 0.51). The variance explained by the regression models ranged from 0.53 to 0.63; all of them were significant with good accuracies (i.e., 0.79; 0.78; 0.73; 0.76). The results prompt us to conclude that a non-destructive texture analyser device can be used to accurately predict firmness measured by a penetrometer in Hass avocado fruit and contribute to avoiding fruit discards.
用于确定非破坏性性质的硬度的设备不会穿透皮肤或损坏水果的底层果肉,并且提供实时结果,避免原始生物量损失,并允许对每个水果进行测试和重复测试,从而为研究人员和行业提供了许多优势。相反,破坏性方法刺穿水果,因此只有一个子样本,选择代表所有水果,可以测试。此外,不同的操作人员可以使用手持式穿透仪对同一种水果产生完全不同的值。采集了两个商业果园的哈斯鳄梨,并在收获时、受控大气(CA)和常规空气(RA)两种储存条件下、保质期内和即食阶段使用破坏性(fruit Pressure Tester, mod. FT327, Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA)和非破坏性装置(Model TA)测量了果实的硬度。XT plusC, Stable Micro Systems Ltd,英国)。然后,使用Spearman相关系数(rho)和benjamin - hochberg和Bonferroni程序调整的p值来评估这两个设备之间的数学关系。因此,在两次收获和随后的两个季节对3,200种水果进行了评估。破坏性和非破坏性装置之间存在适度的正相关(rho系数范围为0.41至0.51)。回归模型解释的方差范围为0.53 ~ 0.63;它们都是显著的,具有良好的准确性(即0.79;0.78;0.73;0.76)。结果提示我们得出结论,非破坏性质地分析仪装置可以准确地预测哈斯鳄梨果实的硬度,并有助于避免水果丢弃。
{"title":"Mathematical modelling of Hass avocado firmness by using destructive and non-destructive devices at different maturity stages and under two storage conditions","authors":"V. Uarrota, R. Pedreschi","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Devices which are used to determine firmness of non-destructive nature do not penetrate the skin or damage the underlying flesh of the fruit and do provide real-time results, avoid raw biomass loss and allow the testing of every individual fruit and repeated testing of the same fruit, thus providing many advantages for researchers and the industry alike. Contrarily, destructive methods puncture the fruit and thus only a subsample, selected to represent all fruit, can be tested. In addition, different operators can generate quite different values for the same fruit using a hand-held penetrometer. Hass avocado from two commercial orchards was collected, and fruit firmness was measured at harvest, during two storage conditions controlled atmosphere (CA) and regular air (RA), during shelf-life and at the ready-to-eat stage using both destructive (Fruit Pressure Tester, mod. FT327, Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA) and non-destructive devices (Model TA.XT plusC, Stable Micro Systems Ltd, England). Then, the mathematical relationship between these two devices was assessed using Spearman Correlation coefficient (rho) and p-values adjusted by Benjamini-Hochberg and Bonferroni procedures. Thus, 3,200 fruits were evaluated during two harvests and two subsequent seasons. A moderate and positive association between destructive and non-destructive devices was found (rho coefficient ranging from 0.41 to 0.51). The variance explained by the regression models ranged from 0.53 to 0.63; all of them were significant with good accuracies (i.e., 0.79; 0.78; 0.73; 0.76). The results prompt us to conclude that a non-destructive texture analyser device can be used to accurately predict firmness measured by a penetrometer in Hass avocado fruit and contribute to avoiding fruit discards.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"34 1","pages":"139 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
Folia Horticulturae
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1