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Relationship between salicylic acid and resistance to mite in strawberry 水杨酸与草莓抗螨性的关系
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0008
J. T. Vilela de Resende, R. Matos, D. Zeffa, L. Constantino, S. M. Alves, M. U. Ventura, N. C. Resende, K. Youssef
Abstract The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae is a polyphagous pest which infests several wild and cultivated species of plants worldwide. To date, this mite is the most deleterious pest attacking the strawberry plant under a protected environment. Exogenously applied salicylic acid (SA) has been found to induce resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Morpho-anatomical changes in strawberry leaflets and TSSM preference tests were investigated in response to SA treatment. Plants grown in a greenhouse were foliar sprayed with different concentrations of SA (0 mg · L−1, 25 mg · L−1, 50 mg · L−1, 75 mg · L−1 and 100 mg · L−1). After the third application, certain parameters including the number of glandular and non-glandular trichomes, thickness of leaflet, abaxial cell wall, adaxial cell wall, palisade and lacunous parenchyma and mesophyll were measured using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Two-choice and non-choice assays were employed to verify the TSSM preference. Exogenous treatment with SA promoted morpho-anatomical changes in the following parameters, namely: thickness of the leaflets, mesophyll, lacunous and palisade parenchyma, cell wall (abaxial and adaxial) and the number of glandular and non-glandular trichomes in strawberry leaflets. In general, TSSM preferred less leaflets treated with SA compared with the control in a two-choice assay. A lesser number of TSSM eggs and live females were also recorded in leaflets treated with SA compared with the control plants in no-choice assays. The values of the number of eggs and live females correlated negatively with those obtained for the morpho-anatomical traits induced by exogenous SA.
二斑叶螨(TSSM)是一种多食性害虫,在世界各地的几种野生和栽培植物中均有分布。到目前为止,这种螨是在受保护的环境下攻击草莓植物的最有害的害虫。外源水杨酸(SA)已被发现可诱导对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性。研究了SA处理后草莓小叶的形态解剖变化和TSSM偏好测试。对温室中生长的植物进行叶面喷施不同浓度的SA(0 mg·L−1、25 mg·L–1、50 mg·L-1、75 mg·L-1和100 mg·L‑1)。第三次施用后,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测量了一些参数,包括腺毛和非腺毛的数量、小叶厚度、背轴细胞壁、正面细胞壁、栅栏和花边薄壁组织以及叶肉。采用两种选择和非选择分析来验证TSSM偏好。SA外源处理促进了以下参数的形态解剖变化,即:草莓小叶中小叶、叶肉、花边和栅栏薄壁组织的厚度、细胞壁(背面和正面)以及腺毛和非腺毛的数量。一般来说,在两种选择的测定中,与对照相比,TSSM优选用SA处理的小叶更少。在无选择测定中,与对照植物相比,用SA处理的小叶中也记录到较少数量的TSSM卵和活雌性。卵子和活雌性的数量值与外源SA诱导的形态解剖特征值呈负相关。
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引用次数: 4
Morphological and biochemical variations induced by synergy of salicylic acid and zinc in cockscomb 水杨酸和锌协同作用对鸡冠形态和生化的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0006
A. Shoaib, M. Ferdosi, M. Saleem, Shabnam Javed
Abstract Celosia argentea var. cristata is an edible plant mainly cultivated as an ornament for its spectacular flowering and is highly appreciated by horticulturists for its originality, unique appearance of flower and better vase life. Utilisation of plant growth regulator [salicylic acid (SA)] and mineral nutrition [zinc (Zn)] is a sustainable approach to ameliorate crop health and yield. A field experiment was performed on a randomised complete block design with 12 treatments in 36 blocks to investigate the effectiveness of the combined application of SA (50 ppm and 100 ppm) and Zn (ZnSO4: 0.5 ppm, 1.5 ppm and 2.5 ppm) as well as when each one is applied separately on vegetative, reproductive, physiochemical attributes in C. argentea var. cristata. Results analysed through Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test, biplot and heat map indicated a significantly greater improvement up to 2.5 folds in the growth attributes when plants received foliar application of 100 ppm of SA combined with 2.5 ppm of Zn as compared to control group. All treatments modified the physiobiochemical responses of plants by lowering catalase (CAT) activity significantly, and enhancing photosynthetic pigments, total protein content and peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities as compared to the control group. It was concluded that foliar application of SA (100 ppm) + Zn (2.5 ppm) at pre-flowering stage could be applied to obtain better growth and flower quality in cockscomb.
摘要阿根廷青藤是一种可食用的植物,因其壮观的花朵而主要作为装饰品栽培,并因其独创性、独特的花朵外观和更好的花瓶寿命而受到园艺学家的高度赞赏。利用植物生长调节剂[水杨酸(SA)]和矿物质营养[锌(Zn)]是改善作物健康和产量的可持续方法。采用随机完全区组设计,对36个区组中的12个处理进行了田间试验,以研究SA(50 ppm和100 ppm)和Zn(ZnSO4:0.5 ppm、1.5 ppm和2.5 ppm)联合施用的有效性,以及当每种处理单独施用时对C.argenta var.cristata的营养、生殖和理化特性的影响。通过Tukey诚实显著性差异(HSD)测试、biplot和热图分析的结果表明,与对照组相比,当植物叶面施用100ppm SA和2.5ppm Zn时,生长属性显著提高了2.5倍。与对照组相比,所有处理都显著降低了过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,提高了光合色素、总蛋白含量以及过氧化物酶(POX)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,从而改变了植物的生理生化反应。结果表明,在花前期叶面施用SA(100ppm)+Zn(2.5ppm)可以获得更好的鸡冠花生长和开花品质。
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引用次数: 3
Genetic characterisation and population structure analysis of Anatolian figs (Ficus carica L.) by SSR markers 利用SSR标记分析安纳托利亚无花果(Ficus carica L.)的遗传特征及群体结构
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0005
A. Ergül, Burcu Pelin Büyük, N. Hazrati, F. Yilmaz, K. Kazan, Nur Arslan, C. Y. Özmen, Semra Aydin, M. Bakır, N. Tan, İ. Kösoğlu, F. Çobanoğlu
Abstract The common fig (Ficus carica L.) is a tree species and is one of the oldest fruit trees cultivated in Turkey. The Western Anatolian region of Turkey produces nearly a quarter of the total dried fig production of the world. This region also harbours a rich fig germplasm. However, so far this germplasm has remained largely uncharacterised. In this study, using 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs, we analysed a total of 310 fig accessions from six different regions of Anatolia. In structure analyses, Western Anatolian accessions formed a group, which was correlated with their geographical distribution. In addition, 7 identical, 36 synonymous, and 22 homonymous fig accessions were identified. In multilocus lineages (MLLs) analysis a total of 54 accessions were matched to different accessions as clone assignment. The results will facilitate future germplasm management and breeding efforts in this economically important tree species by identifying genetic diversity, genetic relations and characterising the structure of studied populations and accessions.
摘要无花果(Ficus carica L.)是土耳其栽培的一个树种,也是最古老的果树之一。土耳其安纳托利亚西部地区的无花果干产量占世界总产量的近四分之一。该地区还蕴藏着丰富的无花果种质资源。然而,到目前为止,这种种质在很大程度上还没有表现出来。在本研究中,我们使用14个简单序列重复(SSR)引物对,分析了来自安纳托利亚六个不同地区的310份无花果材料。在结构分析中,安纳托利亚西部的材料形成了一个群体,这与其地理分布有关。此外,还鉴定出7份相同、36份同义和22份同源的无花果材料。在多点谱系(MLL)分析中,共有54份材料作为克隆分配与不同的材料匹配。研究结果将通过识别遗传多样性、遗传关系和表征所研究种群和材料的结构,促进该经济重要树种未来的种质管理和育种工作。
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引用次数: 5
Effects of supplemental lighting using HPS and LED lamps with different light spectra on growth and yield of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) during winter cultivation in greenhouse 不同光谱HPS和LED灯补充光照对温室黄瓜生长和产量的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-03-21 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0002
J. Treder, A. Borkowska, W. Treder, K. Sikorska-Zimny
Abstract The aim of the experiment was to assess the effects of supplemental lighting of cucumber grown in greenhouse using lamps with differentiated light spectra: sodium lamps – high-pressure sodium (HPS) and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Plants (cucumber ‘Pacto’ F1) were grown in two greenhouse compartments with five light treatments: I – HPS + LED (top light with HPS LEDs as interlighting), II – only HPS as top light, III – LED R (LED chips on board (COB) type with an increased level of red band), IV – LED W (LED COB type, white), V – LED B (LED COB type with an increased level of blue spectrum). Light treatments: HPS + LEDs and HPS were grown in one greenhouse compartment and the other three light treatments: LED R (red light supplementation), LED W (without additional supplementation) and LED B (red spectrum supplementation) in the second compartment in analogous climatic conditions. The LED lamps using COB technology are known to be a very efficient source of light. Plants were cultivated from December 2018 to March 2019 in mineral wool slabs Grotop Master (100 × 15 × 10) with four plants on one mat. They were illuminated for 18 h (from 5 am to 11 pm), setting the threshold value (on and off) at 130 W. The plants were drip-irrigated with a complete nutrient solution. The irrigation was controlled based on a weighting system. The assessment of the effect of lighting on early yield and quality of cucumbers was completed after 8 weeks of cropping. It was shown that it was possible to obtain 3.59 kg from one plant during the 8-week period of evaluation by illuminating plants with sodium lamps (HPS), while using HPS and LEDs as additional illuminated inter-rows 3.89 kg. The yield of plants illuminated by LED lamps varied depending on the variant of the spectrum used and was respective for LED R, LED W and LED B, 3.30 kg, 3.90 kg and 3.25 kg. The obtained results indicated that the yield of cucumber ‘Pacto’ F1 grown with HPS lamps at top lighting and at the same time using interlighting with LED lamps was similar to LED W lamps (i.e. without additional supplementation in the range of red (LED R) and blue (LED B) light). Due to good results of LED lamps (type COB for top lighting or as interlighting) used for the cucumber supplemental lighting and high energy efficiency of LEDs, the promising future for that type of lamps compared with traditionally used HPS during winter cultivation in a greenhouse was demonstrated.
摘要本实验的目的是使用具有不同光谱的灯具:钠灯-高压钠灯(HPS)和发光二极管(LED),评估温室中生长的黄瓜的补充照明效果。植物(黄瓜“Pacto”F1)生长在两个温室隔间中,有五种光处理:I–HPS+LED(顶部光,HPS LED作为中间照明),II–仅HPS作为顶部光,III–LED R(板上LED芯片(COB)类型,具有增加的红带水平),IV–LED W(LED COB类型,白色),V–LED B(LED COB类型,具有提高的蓝色光谱水平)。光照处理:HPS+LED和HPS在一个温室隔间中生长,其他三个光照处理(LED R(补充红光)、LED W(不补充红光)和LED B(补充红光光谱)在类似气候条件下在第二个隔间中生长。已知使用COB技术的LED灯是非常有效的光源。植物于2018年12月至2019年3月在矿棉板Grotop Master(100×15×10)中种植,一张垫子上有四株植物。它们被照射18小时(从早上5点到晚上11点),阈值(开启和关闭)设置为130 W。植物用完整的营养液进行滴灌。灌溉是基于加权系统进行控制的。在种植8周后,完成了对光照对黄瓜早期产量和质量影响的评估。研究表明,在8周的评估期内,通过用钠灯(HPS)照射植物,同时使用HPS和LED作为额外的照明行间,可以从一株植物中获得3.59kg。LED灯照射的植物产量因所用光谱的变化而变化,LED R、LED W和LED B的产量分别为3.30kg、3.90kg和3.25kg。所获得的结果表明,用HPS灯在顶部照明下生长的黄瓜“Pacto”F1的产量与LED W灯相似(即在没有额外补充红光(LED R)和蓝光(LED B)的情况下)。由于用于黄瓜补充照明的LED灯(用于顶部照明或作为中间照明的COB型)的良好效果和LED的高能效,与温室冬季栽培期间传统使用的HPS相比,该类型的灯具有良好的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring wild edible flowers as a source of bioactive compounds: New perspectives in horticulture 探索野生食用花作为生物活性化合物的来源:园艺的新视角
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-03-02 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0004
S. Demasi, M. Caser, D. Donno, S. Enri, M. Lonati, V. Scariot
Abstract The increasing interest in healthy and natural foods has raised the attention towards uncommon or unexplored ingredients, such as edible flowers. These products are proven to be a rich source of bioactive compounds, for example, vitamins or polyphenols that play an important role in health promotion and disease prevention. However, plant species with edible flowers are numerous and most of them still need to be studied with this aim. The high species richness of North-Western Italy provides interesting perspectives in the use of wild edible flowers, which are currently underutilized, but can be a valuable food source or food supplement for healthy diets. In this framework, the phytochemical composition of 22 wild edible flowers was analysed and compared with that of four cultivated species (Borago officinalis L., Calendula officinalis L., Tagetes patula L. and Tropaeolum majus L.) to evaluate their potentiality as sources of bioactive compounds. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the fresh flowers were assessed, together with their phenolic profiles and vitamin C content, through spectrophotometric and chromatographic analyses. The evaluated parameters varied widely among species, with Paeonia officinalis L. and Rosa pendulina L. showing the highest values of polyphenols (1,930 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) · 100 g−1 and 1,774 mg GAE · 100 g−1, respectively), followed by Rosa canina L. (1,397 mg GAE · 100 g−1) and Geranium sylvaticum L. (1,268 mg GAE · 100 g−1). The same species also showed the highest antioxidant activity, measured with three different assays [ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)]. The phenolic profile differed among the studied species, with Dianthus pavonius Tausch and R. pendulina having the highest sum of detected polyphenols (2,522 mg · 100 g−1 and 2,366 mg · 100 g−1, respectively). Vitamin C was identified in all but two flowers (Allium ursinum L. and B. officinalis) and Primula veris L. had the highest amount (45 mg · 100 g−1). The study showed that wild edible flowers outperformed the cultivated species, except for T. majus, providing new insights for the use of wild edible flowers as sources of bioactive compounds.
人们对健康和天然食品的兴趣日益浓厚,这引起了人们对不常见或未开发成分的关注,例如可食用的花朵。这些产品已被证明是生物活性化合物的丰富来源,例如维生素或多酚,在促进健康和预防疾病方面发挥重要作用。然而,具有可食用花的植物种类众多,其中大多数仍需要为此目的进行研究。意大利西北部的高物种丰富度为利用野生可食用花卉提供了有趣的视角,这些花卉目前未得到充分利用,但可以成为健康饮食的宝贵食物来源或食物补充。在此框架下,分析了22种野生食用花卉的植物化学成分,并与4种栽培花卉(Borago officinalis L.、Calendula officinalis L.、Tagetes patula L.和Tropaeolum majus L.)进行了比较,以评估它们作为生物活性化合物来源的潜力。采用分光光度法和色谱法测定鲜花的总多酚含量(TPC)、抗氧化活性、酚类成分和维生素C含量。不同树种的多酚含量差异较大,其中芍药(Paeonia officinalis L.)和玫瑰(Rosa pendulina L.)的多酚含量最高,分别为1,930 mg没食子酸(GAE)·100 g−1和1,774 mg GAE·100 g−1,其次是狗蔷薇(Rosa canina L.) (1,397 mg GAE·100 g−1)和天竺葵(Geranium sylvecum L.) (1,268 mg GAE·100 g−1)。通过三种不同的测定方法[铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP), 2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶肼(DPPH)和2,2 ' -氮基-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸(ABTS)],同一物种也显示出最高的抗氧化活性。不同树种的多酚含量存在差异,石竹和钟竹的多酚含量最高,分别为2522 mg·100 g−1和2366 mg·100 g−1。除Allium ursinum L.和B. officinalis外,其余花均含有维生素C,其中报春花含量最高(45 mg·100 g−1)。该研究表明,野生可食用花的表现优于栽培品种,除了T. majus,这为利用野生可食用花作为生物活性化合物的来源提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 28
The need for a coordinated action to elucidate ecological occurrence and functions of endophytic fungal communities 需要协调行动来阐明内生真菌群落的生态发生和功能
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-03-02 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0003
R. Nicoletti, F. Vinale
Abstract Research concerning endophytic fungi has recently received a remarkable boost following a general trend to investigate and exploit biodiversity in all its forms, and because of the easier access to equipment and methods, which enables quicker identification procedures. The available data highlight that, besides the plant hosts, endophytes consistently interact with the other components of biocoenosis, and that the assortment of the microbial consortium is also to be considered on account of the reciprocal influence between the several species which are part of it. Unravelling these complex ecological relationships is fundamental because of possible translational applications, particularly regarding crop management. However, this requires that the available information concerning plant species, ecological contexts or functional categories of endophytes is examined fully. In this aim, a coordinated effort appears to be necessary to organise the current knowledge to increase the significance and the practical impact of new findings.
近年来,随着研究和利用各种形式的生物多样性的大趋势,内生真菌的研究得到了显著的促进,因为更容易获得设备和方法,这使得鉴定程序更快。现有数据强调,除了植物宿主外,内生菌还与生物群落的其他组成部分持续相互作用,并且考虑到作为生物群落一部分的几个物种之间的相互影响,还应考虑微生物群落的分类。解开这些复杂的生态关系是根本的,因为可能的转化应用,特别是在作物管理方面。然而,这需要充分审查有关植物物种、生态环境或内生菌功能类别的现有信息。为了实现这一目标,似乎需要协调一致的努力来组织现有知识,以增加新发现的重要性和实际影响。
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引用次数: 2
Biochemical variances through metabolomic profile analysis of Capsicum chinense Jacq. during fruit development 应用代谢组学图谱分析辣椒的生化变异。在果实发育过程中
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-03-02 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0001
Yaping Tang, Guoru Zhang, Tao Yang, Shengbao Yang, P. Aisimutuola, Baike Wang, Ning Li, Juan Wang, Qinghui Yu
Abstract Capsicum chinense Jacq. is classified under the Solanaceae family, which is an extensively consumed spice and vegetable globally. Therefore, to gain more knowledge and insight into the diversity of Capsicum chinense Jacq. metabolites, a total of 18 placental tissues from various development stages were collected and untargeted metabolomics was conducted by means of ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis established the existence of distinct metabolite distribution patterns as observed at 16 days post anthesis (DPA), compared with the metabolites at 36 and 48 DPA groups, whereas there was a difference in metabolites between the orange ripening period (B) and the red ripening period (C), which intersected with each other. Furthermore, several pathways including metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, ABC transporters, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, pentose and glucoronate pathways, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, cutin, biosynthesis of suberine and wax were significantly enriched across the fruit ripening stages. The capsaicin content was observed to be less in the early ripening stages, but gradually increased to a high concentration during the late ripening stages. In conclusion, our study findings submit a suitable approach for interpreting the biochemical variances of non-targeted metabolomics in hot pepper developmental stages, as well as offer new findings that can be applied in the development strategies in breeding of Capsicum chinense Jacq.
摘要辣椒。属于茄科,是一种在全球范围内广泛食用的香料和蔬菜。因此,对辣椒的多样性有更多的了解和认识。采用超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)和质谱法(MS)对18个不同发育阶段的胎盘组织进行了非靶向代谢组学研究。主成分分析(PCA)分析确定,与36和48个DPA组的代谢物相比,在花后16天(DPA)观察到存在不同的代谢物分布模式,而橙色成熟期(B)和红色成熟期(C)之间的代谢物存在差异,这两个时期相互交叉。此外,几种途径,包括代谢途径、苯丙素生物合成、ABC转运蛋白、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、脂肪酸生物合成、戊糖和葡糖醛酸途径、次级代谢产物生物合成、角质、木栓碱和蜡的生物合成,在整个果实成熟阶段都显著富集。观察到辣椒素含量在早熟阶段较少,但在晚熟阶段逐渐增加到高浓度。总之,我们的研究结果为解释辣椒发育阶段非靶向代谢组学的生化变化提供了一种合适的方法,并为辣椒育种的发展策略提供了新的发现。
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引用次数: 3
Yield parameters, antioxidant activity, polyphenol and total soluble solids content of beetroot cultivars with different flesh colours 不同肉色甜菜根品种产量参数、抗氧化活性、多酚和总可溶性固形物含量
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2020-0030
M. Šlosár, T. Kopta, O. Hegedűs, A. Hegedȕsová, I. Mezeyová, Mária Timoracká, J. Mezey
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate yield parameters, antioxidant activity (AOA), total polyphenol content (TPC) and total soluble solids (TSS) in beetroot cultivars with different flesh colours. Field experiments were established at the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra in 2016 and 2017. Within the study, 16 beetroot cultivars were tested, including 11 red-fleshed (‘Boltardy’, ‘Boro’ F1, ‘Crosby Egyptian’, ‘Cylindra’, ‘Detroit Globe’, ‘Detroit 2’, ‘Egyptian Turnip Rooted’, ‘Opolski’, ‘Pablo’ F1, ‘Renova’ and ‘Taunus’ F1), 2 yellow-fleshed (‘Boldor’ F1 and ‘Golden’), 2 white-flesh cultivars (‘Albino’ and ‘White Detroit’) and 1 red-white fleshed cultivar (‘Chioggia’). All beetroot cultivars with red flesh colour showed higher AOA and TPC than different-coloured beetroot cultivars. The highest root yield was found in the white-fleshed beetroot cultivar ‘Albino’ (37.80–41.91 t · ha−1). The highest root weight was found in the white-fleshed beetroot cultivar ‘White Detroit’ (362.4–412.1 g). The highest AOA (819.19–972.50 mg TEAC · kg−1 d.w.) and TPC (2,387.70–2,731.00 mg · kg−1 d.w.) were found in the red-fleshed beetroot cultivar ‘Pablo’ F1. Different-coloured cultivars of beetroot were characterised by a lower content of TSS (6.4–8.8 ºBRIX) than cultivars with typical, red flesh colour (7.8–10.8 ºBRIX). Results clearly indicate that cultivar, or flesh colour, is showed as a significant factor influencing the quality of beetroot. Knowing of yield potential and quality of beetroot cultivars is important for growers as well as consumers. Results of this study indicate that white-fleshed cultivars of beetroot are characterised by high yield potential but lower quality, including lower AOA, TPC and TSS.
摘要本研究旨在评估不同肉色甜菜根品种的产量参数、抗氧化活性(AOA)、总多酚含量(TPC)和总可溶性固形物(TSS)。2016年和2017年,位于尼特拉的斯洛伐克农业大学进行了田间试验。在这项研究中,测试了16个甜菜根品种,包括11个红肉品种(“Boltardy”、“Boro”F1、“Crosby Egyptian”、“Cylindra”、《底特律环球报》、“Detroit 2”、“埃及萝卜根”、“Opolski”、“Pablo”F1、,2个白肉品种(‘Albino’和‘white Detroit’)和1个红白肉品种(“Chiogja”)。所有果肉呈红色的甜菜根品种都比不同颜色的甜菜根表现出更高的AOA和TPC。白肉甜菜根品种“Albino”的根系产量最高(37.80–41.91 t·ha−1)。白肉甜菜根品种“white Detroit”的根重最高(362.4–412.1克)。红肉甜菜根品种“Pablo”F1的AOA最高(819.19–972.50 mg TEAC·kg−1 d.w.)和TPC最高(2387.70–2731.00 mg·kg−1.d.w。不同颜色的甜菜根品种的TSS含量(6.4-8.8ºBRIX)低于典型的红色果肉品种(7.8-10.8ºBRIX)。结果清楚地表明,品种或果肉颜色是影响甜菜根质量的重要因素。了解甜菜根品种的产量潜力和质量对种植者和消费者都很重要。本研究结果表明,白肉甜菜根品种具有高产潜力但质量较低的特点,包括AOA、TPC和TSS较低。
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引用次数: 6
Combined effect of hot water dipping and Cistus creticus L. leaf extracts on the storage quality of fresh Valencia oranges 热水浸泡和肉苁蓉叶提取物对新鲜巴伦西亚橙贮藏品质的联合影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2020-0029
I. Kahramanoğlu, S. Usanmaz, T. Alas, V. Okatan, Chunpeng Wan
Abstract This research was designed to test the combined efficacy of hot water dipping (HWD) and leaf extracts of Cistus creticus L. subsp. creticus on the storage quality of fresh Valencia oranges. Experiments were laid down according to a completely randomised design with 10 different treatments. Five replications, with five fruits in each replication, were used in the current study, and research was designed to continue for 150 days. Quality characteristics were observed with 30-days interval. The applications of this study were (1) Control [dipping in water at 25°C for 5 min]; (2) HWD at 50°C for 5 min; (3) HWD + Additives (A) [Arabic gum (0.2%), potassium sorbate (0.05%), citric acid (0.05%) and vitamin C (0.05%)] at 50°C for 5 min; (4) Additives alone at 25°C for 5 min; (5) 1.0% C. creticus leaf + HWD + A; (6) 1.0% C. creticus leaf + A; (7) 0.5% C. creticus leaf + HWD + A; (8) 0.5% C. creticus leaf + A; (9) 0.5% C. creticus leaf + HWD and (10) 0.5% C. creticus leaf. According to the results obtained, both the HWD and C. creticus, alone or in combination, were effective in preserving orange weight during storage, preventing pathogenic decay, maintaining visual quality and fruit firmness, delaying the reduction in titratable acidity, increasing ascorbic acid content and reducing respiration rate of the orange fruits. Results also suggested that the combined effect of HWD with C. creticus leaf extracts provided the highest efficacy.
摘要本研究旨在测试热水浸泡(HWD)和肉苁蓉(Cistus creticus L.subsp。对新鲜巴伦西亚橙子的储存质量提出质疑。实验是根据一项完全随机的设计,采用10种不同的治疗方法进行的。本研究使用了五次复制,每次复制有五个果实,研究计划持续150天。每隔30天观察质量特征。本研究的应用是(1)对照[在25°C的水中浸泡5分钟];(2) HWD在50°C下持续5分钟;(3) HWD+添加剂(A)[阿拉伯树胶(0.2%)、山梨酸钾(0.05%)、柠檬酸(0.05%)和维生素C(0.05%)]在50°C下保持5分钟;(4) 在25°C下单独使用添加剂5分钟;(5) 1.0%C.creticus叶+HWD+A;(6) 1.0%C.creticus叶+A;(7) 0.5%C.creticus叶+HWD+A;(8) 0.5%C.creticus叶+A;(9) 0.5%的C.creticus叶+HWD和(10)0.5%的C.creticus叶。根据所获得的结果,HWD和C.creticus单独或联合使用都能有效地在贮藏过程中保持橙子的重量,防止致病性腐烂,保持视觉质量和果实硬度,延缓可滴定酸度的降低,增加抗坏血酸含量,降低橙果的呼吸速率。结果还表明,HWD与C.creticus叶提取物的联合作用提供了最高的功效。
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引用次数: 4
Thrips (Thysanoptera) associated with onion (Allium cepa L.) and Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) Thrips(Thysanoptera)与洋葱(Allium cepa L.)和大葱(Allium fistosum L.)有关
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2020-0028
Marta Olczyk, M. Pobożniak
Abstract We determined the abundance, species composition, sex ratio and seasonal dynamics of thrips on one cultivar of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) and eight cultivars of onion (Allium cepa) in South Poland within three vegetation seasons (2014–2016). Nine species of Thysanoptera were identified on A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Irrespective of the onion cultivar, Thrips tabaci was the dominant species (64.4% of all collected thrips specimens), while Frankliniella intonsa also occurred in high numbers (28.3%). Conversely, Welsh onion was most often inhabited by F. intonsa (62.7%), although T. tabaci was also numerous (28.3%). The predatory Aeolothrips intermedius accounted for 4.5% on A. cepa and 2.9% on A. fistulosum. In the most numerous species, T. tabaci, F. intonsa and A. intermedius populations were formed mainly by females. The cultivar most colonised by thrips was Kroll of A. fistulosum. The tested cultivars of A. cepa demonstrated varying degrees of attractiveness to thrips in the subsequent years. The relationship between populations of T. tabaci, F. intonsa and A. intermedius changed in the subsequent months of the growing season. In June, mainly T. tabaci and F. intonsa occurred on onion plants, while from July, the percentage shares of F. intonsa and the predatory A. intermedius in the thrips population on many onion cultivars increased. The level of attractiveness of A. cepa related to onion thrips, which is reported as a main pest of onion, varies depending on the year and cultivar.
研究了波兰南部3个植被季节(2014-2016年)1个威尔士洋葱品种(Allium fistulosum)和8个洋葱品种(Allium cepa)上蓟马的丰度、种类组成、性别比例和季节动态。在cepa和finstulosum上鉴定出9种囊翅目昆虫。在不同洋葱品种中,烟叶蓟马是优势种(占所有收集到的蓟马标本的64.4%),而银灰蓟马(Frankliniella intonsa)的数量也很高(28.3%)。相反,威尔士洋葱最常栖息的是F. intonsa(62.7%),尽管烟粉虱也很多(28.3%)。捕食性中风蓟马占cepa的4.5%,占fistulosum的2.9%。在数量最多的种中,烟粉虱、灰粉虱和中间粉虱种群以雌性为主。蓟马居群最多的品种是A. fistulosum的Kroll。在随后的年份里,被试品种对蓟马表现出不同程度的吸引力。烟粉虱、灰粉虱和中间粉虱的种群关系在随后的生长季节中发生了变化。6月以烟粉虱和烟粉虱为主,7月开始,烟粉虱和捕食性中间烟粉虱在许多洋葱品种上的蓟马种群中所占比例增加。据报道,洋葱蓟马是洋葱的主要害虫,与洋葱蓟马相关的a . cepa的吸引力水平因年份和品种而异。
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引用次数: 1
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Folia Horticulturae
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