Sherien Elkateb, Ahmed Métwalli, Abdelrahman Shendy, Karim Moussa, Ahmed E. B. Abu-Elanien
Abstract Recently, Industry 4.0 introduced a breakthrough in the textile industry to meet customer demands. This study aimed to accurately estimate the production rate of a knitting machine through an online monitoring system using the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) concepts. Experimentally, a double knitting machine was attached with sensors for gathering data of the machine speed, yarn feeder speed and stitch length while other production variables remained constant. Two prediction models were introduced since correlation results revealed multicollinearity issues among the parameters measured. The second model achieved a prediction accuracy of 100 %. Thus, it presents a novel formula of production calculation.
{"title":"Online Monitoring-Based Prediction Model of Knitting Machine Productivity","authors":"Sherien Elkateb, Ahmed Métwalli, Abdelrahman Shendy, Karim Moussa, Ahmed E. B. Abu-Elanien","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recently, Industry 4.0 introduced a breakthrough in the textile industry to meet customer demands. This study aimed to accurately estimate the production rate of a knitting machine through an online monitoring system using the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) concepts. Experimentally, a double knitting machine was attached with sensors for gathering data of the machine speed, yarn feeder speed and stitch length while other production variables remained constant. Two prediction models were introduced since correlation results revealed multicollinearity issues among the parameters measured. The second model achieved a prediction accuracy of 100 %. Thus, it presents a novel formula of production calculation.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Women often use sports bras when doing physical activities, but most women have recently shown interest in using sports bras as everyday bras. Therefore, this study used pressure analysis to identify a suitable sports bra that generates less pressure at the shoulder strap for all breast sizes. Among fashion design and engineering students, an interview was conducted at Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. Based on this random survey, women found more comfort in using sports bras as everyday bras, but the shoulder strap and waistband prevented them from doing it regularly. Therefore, this study emphasized only the shoulder straps because it was the most uncomfortable feature among others. More attention needs to be made to the strap width and neckline when selecting a sports bra because when it comes to females with breast sizes 34C and 36C, encapsulation types with cross-back designs are suitable. However, we noticed that the shoulder straps should be widened based on breast size. The encapsulation type with a racer back is recommended for women with breast size 38C.
{"title":"Building Self-Confidence by Using a Sports Bra as an Everyday Bra - a Study Based on Pressure Analysis","authors":"Francisca Margarita Ocran, JI Xiaofen, Lina Zhai","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Women often use sports bras when doing physical activities, but most women have recently shown interest in using sports bras as everyday bras. Therefore, this study used pressure analysis to identify a suitable sports bra that generates less pressure at the shoulder strap for all breast sizes. Among fashion design and engineering students, an interview was conducted at Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. Based on this random survey, women found more comfort in using sports bras as everyday bras, but the shoulder strap and waistband prevented them from doing it regularly. Therefore, this study emphasized only the shoulder straps because it was the most uncomfortable feature among others. More attention needs to be made to the strap width and neckline when selecting a sports bra because when it comes to females with breast sizes 34C and 36C, encapsulation types with cross-back designs are suitable. However, we noticed that the shoulder straps should be widened based on breast size. The encapsulation type with a racer back is recommended for women with breast size 38C.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135275179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Textile air management systems are used in modern buildings to improve overall indoor air quality. During use and storage, industrial textiles are negatively affected by microbes. Adding biocide to synthetic fibres can control the detrimental effects of antimicrobial finishing on textiles. Antimicrobial textiles have seen a rapid increase in demand due to consumers’ concern over hygiene and active lifestyles as well as with the aim to improve overall functionality. An antimicrobial treatment with a long lifespan, that is, resistant to washing, is presented in this paper. A new commercial antimicrobial product named Si Bac-Pure was used in woven polyester fabrics to treat them against bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was measured after twenty washing and drying cycles. Good antimicrobial and antifungal activity is produced in treated fabrics after treatment with the stated finishing agents. The antimicrobial treatment has significant antistatic properties that are important for industrial air management systems.
{"title":"Development of Antimicrobial and Antistatic Textile for Industrial Air Management Systems","authors":"Md. Reazuddin Repon, Rasa Gofman, Audrone Ragaišiene, Daiva Mikučioniene, Rimvydas Milašius","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Textile air management systems are used in modern buildings to improve overall indoor air quality. During use and storage, industrial textiles are negatively affected by microbes. Adding biocide to synthetic fibres can control the detrimental effects of antimicrobial finishing on textiles. Antimicrobial textiles have seen a rapid increase in demand due to consumers’ concern over hygiene and active lifestyles as well as with the aim to improve overall functionality. An antimicrobial treatment with a long lifespan, that is, resistant to washing, is presented in this paper. A new commercial antimicrobial product named Si Bac-Pure was used in woven polyester fabrics to treat them against bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was measured after twenty washing and drying cycles. Good antimicrobial and antifungal activity is produced in treated fabrics after treatment with the stated finishing agents. The antimicrobial treatment has significant antistatic properties that are important for industrial air management systems.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135707953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangguo Tian, Rongrong Cui, Chuanlan Liu, Xiaorui Hu
Abstract The color red has a significant presence in cultures around the world. The organic dye madder, derived from plants, has been used throughout human civilization and remains an important natural dye. The research reviews five traditional madder dyeing techniques from China, Europe, Turkey, and Japan. The techniques are applied to cotton, linen, silk, and wool fabrics, and their similarities and differences are compared and analyzed. Additionally, the environmental sustainability, resource conservation, and process efficiency of these dyeing techniques are also evaluated in this article. The chromatic value of dyed textile color was tested by means of an American Hunterlab spectrophotometer, the influence of different dyeing techniques on textile color characteristics was analyzed, and the artistic features of textile color were analyzed from the perspective of visual art.
{"title":"Natural Dyeing with Madder: Exploring Traditional Techniques and Color Characteristics","authors":"Guangguo Tian, Rongrong Cui, Chuanlan Liu, Xiaorui Hu","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The color red has a significant presence in cultures around the world. The organic dye madder, derived from plants, has been used throughout human civilization and remains an important natural dye. The research reviews five traditional madder dyeing techniques from China, Europe, Turkey, and Japan. The techniques are applied to cotton, linen, silk, and wool fabrics, and their similarities and differences are compared and analyzed. Additionally, the environmental sustainability, resource conservation, and process efficiency of these dyeing techniques are also evaluated in this article. The chromatic value of dyed textile color was tested by means of an American Hunterlab spectrophotometer, the influence of different dyeing techniques on textile color characteristics was analyzed, and the artistic features of textile color were analyzed from the perspective of visual art.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"54 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135274965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Mariselvam, A.J.A. Ranjitsingh, Ponani Kaja Mideen, Salim Manoharadas, Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy, Mohammad A Alshuniaber
Abstract Mordants are materials used to fix long periods of colour on selected fabrics or fibres. The current research aimed to dye natural fibres like palm leaf ( Borassus flabellifer L.), korai grass ( Cyperus pangorei L.), banana fibre ( Musa accuminata L.), screw fine fibre (Pandanus), sisal fibre ( Agave sisalana Perrine), and pineapple fibres ( Ananas comosus L.) with Calendula officinalis plant flower dye. The dye was fixed to the selected fibre material with the help of different mordants. The Calendula officinalis flower dye produced different colours, like black, brown, orange, sandal, yellow, etc., on the dyed materials. The different colour formations on the dyed materials are based on the mordents used to fix the dye. The mordants tonify the different colours in the same dyestuff of Calendula officinalis flower dye. Mordant-based dyed natural fibres have good fastness properties against light and water. Calendula officinalis dyes have potential activity against the skin infection-causing organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
{"title":"Blossoming Beauty: Enhancing Natural Fibres with Calendula Officinalis L. Flower Dye and Assessing Color Fastness with Microbial Properties","authors":"R. Mariselvam, A.J.A. Ranjitsingh, Ponani Kaja Mideen, Salim Manoharadas, Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy, Mohammad A Alshuniaber","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mordants are materials used to fix long periods of colour on selected fabrics or fibres. The current research aimed to dye natural fibres like palm leaf ( Borassus flabellifer L.), korai grass ( Cyperus pangorei L.), banana fibre ( Musa accuminata L.), screw fine fibre (Pandanus), sisal fibre ( Agave sisalana Perrine), and pineapple fibres ( Ananas comosus L.) with Calendula officinalis plant flower dye. The dye was fixed to the selected fibre material with the help of different mordants. The Calendula officinalis flower dye produced different colours, like black, brown, orange, sandal, yellow, etc., on the dyed materials. The different colour formations on the dyed materials are based on the mordents used to fix the dye. The mordants tonify the different colours in the same dyestuff of Calendula officinalis flower dye. Mordant-based dyed natural fibres have good fastness properties against light and water. Calendula officinalis dyes have potential activity against the skin infection-causing organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa .","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134934019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article discusses the mechanical properties of glass fiber epoxy composites with three types of textile structures. Braided, knitted and woven sleeves were placed on a 3D printed flat core and impregnated with resin using the vacuum bag method. The 3-point flexural and tensile tests were performed. The results were compared with those of 3D-printed flat bars and proved that woven textile structures increase the strength and modulus of elasticity, whereas braided and knitted structures only increase the moduli. The advantages, drawbacks and failure modes of each reinforcement structure are also discussed including the drapeability on the spatial core.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Textile-Reinforced Composites with a 3D Printed Core","authors":"Jakub Szary, Marcin Barburski, Jacek Świniarski","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article discusses the mechanical properties of glass fiber epoxy composites with three types of textile structures. Braided, knitted and woven sleeves were placed on a 3D printed flat core and impregnated with resin using the vacuum bag method. The 3-point flexural and tensile tests were performed. The results were compared with those of 3D-printed flat bars and proved that woven textile structures increase the strength and modulus of elasticity, whereas braided and knitted structures only increase the moduli. The advantages, drawbacks and failure modes of each reinforcement structure are also discussed including the drapeability on the spatial core.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135605388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The pibian (皮弁, pronounced as pì biàn in Chinese) is a kind of cap specific to China. Before the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), it was made of deer hide, while in the Ming dynasty, it was woven with bamboo filament. Through analysis on the forms, techniques and materials used in the pibian preserved, we discovered that pibian displayed a superb artisanship level. The sign of status was depicted through the pibian’s structures and ornaments in an ingenious way, and its structures and components were closely linked with the social culture.
{"title":"Analysis on Chinese Ming Pibian Forms, Techniques and Social Functions","authors":"Jixu Hao, Li Niu","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The pibian (皮弁, pronounced as pì biàn in Chinese) is a kind of cap specific to China. Before the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), it was made of deer hide, while in the Ming dynasty, it was woven with bamboo filament. Through analysis on the forms, techniques and materials used in the pibian preserved, we discovered that pibian displayed a superb artisanship level. The sign of status was depicted through the pibian’s structures and ornaments in an ingenious way, and its structures and components were closely linked with the social culture.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135653999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Nine 1/1 plain weave fabric samples were developed using various combinations of low-twist ring spun yarns and rovings of FR viscose, p-aramid, and their blends. The three woven combinations were yarn/yarn, yarn/roving, and roving/roving. These fabric samples were compared for mechanical and thermal properties with needle-punched non-woven fabric samples. The radiant heat transfer index (RHTI24) and convective heat transfer index (HTI24) of the woven and non-woven fabrics were determined. In all samples, the HTI24 - HTI12 and RHTI24 - RHTI12 values were more than 4 seconds, which suggested that there was enough time between experiencing pain and sustaining second-degree burns.
{"title":"Comparative Thermal Behaviour Study of Thermal Layers Made Out of Woven and Nonwoven Fabric Using FR Viscose and p-Aramid Fibres","authors":"Shweta Chauhan, M S Parmar, Nidhi Sisodia","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nine 1/1 plain weave fabric samples were developed using various combinations of low-twist ring spun yarns and rovings of FR viscose, p-aramid, and their blends. The three woven combinations were yarn/yarn, yarn/roving, and roving/roving. These fabric samples were compared for mechanical and thermal properties with needle-punched non-woven fabric samples. The radiant heat transfer index (RHTI24) and convective heat transfer index (HTI24) of the woven and non-woven fabrics were determined. In all samples, the HTI24 - HTI12 and RHTI24 - RHTI12 values were more than 4 seconds, which suggested that there was enough time between experiencing pain and sustaining second-degree burns.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the study, the morphological properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers produced by electrospinning at different needle diameters and solution flow rates were investigated. For this purpose, 20G and 22G diameter needles were used. The fibres were produced at flow rates of 0.5 ml/hr, 1 ml/hr and 1.5 ml/hr. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure nanofiber diameters. Statistical analyzes were made with the help of the SPSS program. It was observed that finer fibers were obtained as the needle diameter decreased. As the solution flow rate increased, thicker fibers were obtained. In addition, it was observed that the needle diameter and flow rate affect the fiber arrangement and interfiber spacing.
{"title":"Investigation of the Effect of Needle Diameter and the Solution Flow Rate on Fiber Morphology in the Electrospinning Method","authors":"Gonca Şimşek Gündüz","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the study, the morphological properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers produced by electrospinning at different needle diameters and solution flow rates were investigated. For this purpose, 20G and 22G diameter needles were used. The fibres were produced at flow rates of 0.5 ml/hr, 1 ml/hr and 1.5 ml/hr. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure nanofiber diameters. Statistical analyzes were made with the help of the SPSS program. It was observed that finer fibers were obtained as the needle diameter decreased. As the solution flow rate increased, thicker fibers were obtained. In addition, it was observed that the needle diameter and flow rate affect the fiber arrangement and interfiber spacing.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135275180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, the possibility of using whey as a preservative and aldazan as an antiseptic was studied in order to reduce the consumption of sodium chloride, enhance the effect of preservation, and reduce the duration of sheepskin processing during preservation. The whey-salt method proposed for preserving raw sheepskin allows to reduce the consumption of sodium chloride through the use of whey in preservative compositions by up to 50%, the duration of the process of processing skins in comparison with the traditional method by 1.5-2 times (traditional method - 80 hours, proposed - 54-56 hours), the preservation process from 8 to 4 hours, the drying process from 72 to 48-50 hours, the cost of the preservation process, as well as the water consumption and pollution of wastewater from enterprises.
{"title":"Development of Sheepskin Processing Technology Using Whey","authors":"Gulzhamal Sydykova, Zauresh Smagulova, Yelena Moisseyeva","doi":"10.2478/ftee-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the possibility of using whey as a preservative and aldazan as an antiseptic was studied in order to reduce the consumption of sodium chloride, enhance the effect of preservation, and reduce the duration of sheepskin processing during preservation. The whey-salt method proposed for preserving raw sheepskin allows to reduce the consumption of sodium chloride through the use of whey in preservative compositions by up to 50%, the duration of the process of processing skins in comparison with the traditional method by 1.5-2 times (traditional method - 80 hours, proposed - 54-56 hours), the preservation process from 8 to 4 hours, the drying process from 72 to 48-50 hours, the cost of the preservation process, as well as the water consumption and pollution of wastewater from enterprises.","PeriodicalId":12309,"journal":{"name":"Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134934153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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