Pub Date : 2012-11-30DOI: 10.4172/2167-7972.1000108
H. F. El-Sedawy, M. Hussein, T. Essam, O. El-Tayeb, F. Mohammad
The production of rifamycin B using the gene amplified variant of Amycolatopsis mediterranei (NCH) was initially optimized in shake flasks through medium modifications and fed-batch addition of uracil. The yield was increased by 21.7% (from 11.7 to 14.3 g/l) when F2m1 medium was used. The production was further verified and optimized in fedbatch- mode in a laboratory fermentor using F2m3 medium and the optimized conditions (agitation 500 rpm, aeration; 1.5 for 3 days then control DO at 30% thereafter, pH; 6.5 for 3 days then 7 thereafter and control temperature at 28°C). Fed-batching of glucose syrup (5% v/v at day 3) and glucose (1% at days 6 and 8) increased the yield from 17.8 to 20.9 g/l (17.3%) at day 10. A yield of upto 20 g/l was recorded when 0.1% uracil was fed-batched at day 2. Integration of the most optimum conditions for fed-batching glucose syrup, glucose and uracil further increased the yield from 17.8 to 24.8 g/l (39%) in 10 days. The overall optimization of rifamycin B production increased the yield almost 2 folds. Statistical analysis revealed that there is a significant increase in rifamycin B production by using One-Way ANOVA at p<0.05 in all the tested fed-batch addition regimes.
{"title":"Scaling Up for the Industrial Production of Rifamycin B Fed-Batch Production Mode in Shake Flasks and Bench-Scale Fermentor","authors":"H. F. El-Sedawy, M. Hussein, T. Essam, O. El-Tayeb, F. Mohammad","doi":"10.4172/2167-7972.1000108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7972.1000108","url":null,"abstract":"The production of rifamycin B using the gene amplified variant of Amycolatopsis mediterranei (NCH) was initially optimized in shake flasks through medium modifications and fed-batch addition of uracil. The yield was increased by 21.7% (from 11.7 to 14.3 g/l) when F2m1 medium was used. The production was further verified and optimized in fedbatch- mode in a laboratory fermentor using F2m3 medium and the optimized conditions (agitation 500 rpm, aeration; 1.5 for 3 days then control DO at 30% thereafter, pH; 6.5 for 3 days then 7 thereafter and control temperature at 28°C). Fed-batching of glucose syrup (5% v/v at day 3) and glucose (1% at days 6 and 8) increased the yield from 17.8 to 20.9 g/l (17.3%) at day 10. A yield of upto 20 g/l was recorded when 0.1% uracil was fed-batched at day 2. Integration of the most optimum conditions for fed-batching glucose syrup, glucose and uracil further increased the yield from 17.8 to 24.8 g/l (39%) in 10 days. The overall optimization of rifamycin B production increased the yield almost 2 folds. Statistical analysis revealed that there is a significant increase in rifamycin B production by using One-Way ANOVA at p<0.05 in all the tested fed-batch addition regimes.","PeriodicalId":12351,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85662646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-7972.1000106
M. Ferhan, Alcides Ll, I. S. Melo, N. Yan, M. Sain
The potential of ligninases as a green tool for effective valorization of lignin can be shown through enzymatic cocktails containing different lignin degrading enzymes. The present study deals with the screening of potential fungal strains useful for the liquefaction of bark containing lignin. Three different local isolates (Pleurotus ostreatus POS97/14, Pycnoporus sanguineus and the local isolated fungal strain) were selected out of ten different strains for ligninases production. Maximum production of enzymes was observed in the local isolated fungal strain after ten days in submerged fermentation.The isolated fungal strain produces ligninases mainly for manganese peroxidase (MnP). The enzyme oxidized a variety of the usual MnP substrates, including lignin related phenols. Furthermore, the partial purification for MnP was determined by FPLC and the molecular weight was evaluated by SDS-PAGE.
{"title":"Ligninases Production and Partial Purification of Mnp from Brazilian Fungal Isolate in Submerged Fermentation","authors":"M. Ferhan, Alcides Ll, I. S. Melo, N. Yan, M. Sain","doi":"10.4172/2167-7972.1000106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7972.1000106","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of ligninases as a green tool for effective valorization of lignin can be shown through enzymatic cocktails containing different lignin degrading enzymes. The present study deals with the screening of potential fungal strains useful for the liquefaction of bark containing lignin. Three different local isolates (Pleurotus ostreatus POS97/14, Pycnoporus sanguineus and the local isolated fungal strain) were selected out of ten different strains for ligninases production. Maximum production of enzymes was observed in the local isolated fungal strain after ten days in submerged fermentation.The isolated fungal strain produces ligninases mainly for manganese peroxidase (MnP). The enzyme oxidized a variety of the usual MnP substrates, including lignin related phenols. Furthermore, the partial purification for MnP was determined by FPLC and the molecular weight was evaluated by SDS-PAGE.","PeriodicalId":12351,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation Technology","volume":"56 2 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91146963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-28DOI: 10.4172/2167-7972.1000105
I. A. D. Silva, M. K. Martins, C. M. Carvalho, J. L. Azevedo, R. Procópio
The genus Streptomyces is considered to be of great industrial importance because of its ability to produce secondary metabolites that account for 80% of the antibiotics currently in use. To optimise the production of antimicrobial compounds from three strains of Streptomyces spp. isolated from the Amazon’s soil, we investigated the influence of physical (temperature, pH, agitation and time) and chemical (concentrations of carbon and nitrogen) variables, according to a factorial statistical design consisting of three repetitions at the central point. During a period between five and twenty days of incubation, the temperature was varied between 20 and 40°C, the pH was varied between 4.5 and 8.5, and the agitation was varied between 100 and 300 rpm. The concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources ranged from 5 to 15 g/L and 0.5 to 1.5 g/L, respectively, and the results were evaluated using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Our data showed that the most effective carbon sources were starch and glycerol and that the best sources of nitrogen were phenylalanine, ammonia sulphate, asparagine and peptone. The results of this study showed that the temperature, incubation time and the culture medium directly influenced the production of metabolites (antibiotics). These parameters can be modified for the optimisation and improvement of the fermentation process by increasing the production of the compound of interest. Each Streptomyces behaved differently, requiring specific conditions for the production of secondary metabolites.
{"title":"The Effect of Varying Culture Conditions on the Production of Antibiotics by Streptomyces spp., Isolated from the Amazonian Soil","authors":"I. A. D. Silva, M. K. Martins, C. M. Carvalho, J. L. Azevedo, R. Procópio","doi":"10.4172/2167-7972.1000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7972.1000105","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Streptomyces is considered to be of great industrial importance because of its ability to produce secondary metabolites that account for 80% of the antibiotics currently in use. To optimise the production of antimicrobial compounds from three strains of Streptomyces spp. isolated from the Amazon’s soil, we investigated the influence of physical (temperature, pH, agitation and time) and chemical (concentrations of carbon and nitrogen) variables, according to a factorial statistical design consisting of three repetitions at the central point. During a period between five and twenty days of incubation, the temperature was varied between 20 and 40°C, the pH was varied between 4.5 and 8.5, and the agitation was varied between 100 and 300 rpm. The concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources ranged from 5 to 15 g/L and 0.5 to 1.5 g/L, respectively, and the results were evaluated using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Our data showed that the most effective carbon sources were starch and glycerol and that the best sources of nitrogen were phenylalanine, ammonia sulphate, asparagine and peptone. The results of this study showed that the temperature, incubation time and the culture medium directly influenced the production of metabolites (antibiotics). These parameters can be modified for the optimisation and improvement of the fermentation process by increasing the production of the compound of interest. Each Streptomyces behaved differently, requiring specific conditions for the production of secondary metabolites.","PeriodicalId":12351,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81855436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-17DOI: 10.4172/2167-7972.1000E114
N. P. Guerra
Open access provides unrestricted access via the Internet to peerreviewed research articles dealing with different research areas. In the fermentation field, this initiative could be an effective way for a fast dissemination of the growing number of researches related with the biotechnological production of different value added products. The OMICS offers various features including digital articles, audio listening, language translation and social networking (Face book, Twitter, Linked in, RSS Feeds), which allow the virtual communication and the rapid information exchange between worldwide researchers. This information is very useful for many academic readers and researchers, who develop their work to improve existing fermentation procedures or to design new reproducible processes with potential industrial implementation.
{"title":"Some Important Criteria for Presentation and Analysis of Data Obtained from Fermentation Processes","authors":"N. P. Guerra","doi":"10.4172/2167-7972.1000E114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7972.1000E114","url":null,"abstract":"Open access provides unrestricted access via the Internet to peerreviewed research articles dealing with different research areas. In the fermentation field, this initiative could be an effective way for a fast dissemination of the growing number of researches related with the biotechnological production of different value added products. The OMICS offers various features including digital articles, audio listening, language translation and social networking (Face book, Twitter, Linked in, RSS Feeds), which allow the virtual communication and the rapid information exchange between worldwide researchers. This information is very useful for many academic readers and researchers, who develop their work to improve existing fermentation procedures or to design new reproducible processes with potential industrial implementation.","PeriodicalId":12351,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation Technology","volume":"194 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79758166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-14DOI: 10.4172/2167-7972.1000E113
A. Ariff
Feedback inhibition is a common problem during fermentation process when the concentration of the end product reaches a certain level. The excessive accumulation of byproducts in the culture may also inhibit growth of cell and repress the secretion of the target metabolite. Integration of fermentation and separation of fermentative products or byproducts is the possible approach to be used industrially to reduce product or byproduct inhibition aim at enhancement of fermentation performance. Production of many antibiotics, amino acids and fungal metabolites are subject to feedback inhibition, where the problem shall be reduced to enhance the product yield. On the other hand, production of some metabolites by microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria and recombinant bacteria, are subject to byproduct inhibition. In recent years, commercial production of proteins and metabolites from microbial fermentation for industrial applications has increased significantly. Innovative fermentation shall be developed to replace the conventional methods to ensure that the process is economically viable and the price of products become competitive. To overcome the problem related to feedback repression and the accumulation of the undesirable by-products in the culture, many strategies such as genetic modification, application of fed-batch fermentation, adsorptive membranes, electrodialysis and macroporous ion-exchange resins have been proposed. Inclusion of macroporous adsorbent resin in the culture in combination with effective fermentation may be used as effective approaches to reduce feedback inhibition or to reduce the accumulation of repressive byproducts. This, will in turn, may increase the product yield.
{"title":"Extractive Fermentation Employing Adsorbent Resin to Enhance Production of Metabolites Subject to Product or Byproduct Inhibition","authors":"A. Ariff","doi":"10.4172/2167-7972.1000E113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7972.1000E113","url":null,"abstract":"Feedback inhibition is a common problem during fermentation process when the concentration of the end product reaches a certain level. The excessive accumulation of byproducts in the culture may also inhibit growth of cell and repress the secretion of the target metabolite. Integration of fermentation and separation of fermentative products or byproducts is the possible approach to be used industrially to reduce product or byproduct inhibition aim at enhancement of fermentation performance. Production of many antibiotics, amino acids and fungal metabolites are subject to feedback inhibition, where the problem shall be reduced to enhance the product yield. On the other hand, production of some metabolites by microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria and recombinant bacteria, are subject to byproduct inhibition. In recent years, commercial production of proteins and metabolites from microbial fermentation for industrial applications has increased significantly. Innovative fermentation shall be developed to replace the conventional methods to ensure that the process is economically viable and the price of products become competitive. To overcome the problem related to feedback repression and the accumulation of the undesirable by-products in the culture, many strategies such as genetic modification, application of fed-batch fermentation, adsorptive membranes, electrodialysis and macroporous ion-exchange resins have been proposed. Inclusion of macroporous adsorbent resin in the culture in combination with effective fermentation may be used as effective approaches to reduce feedback inhibition or to reduce the accumulation of repressive byproducts. This, will in turn, may increase the product yield.","PeriodicalId":12351,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation Technology","volume":"31 2 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75229825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-23DOI: 10.4172/2167-7972.1000E108
T. Tunçal
Climate changes and many other political issues are forcing use of renewable energy resources instead of fossil fuels. Especially bioconversion of organic waste materials into highly valuable energy-rich end products has become a buzzword of late. Furthermore production of valuable organic acids, alcohols and methane using fermentation technology is one of the most promising ways in waste to energy strategies. In fact this research area has very dynamic for several decades and important innovative solutions have been brought about for industrial problems by scientists. However limited access to scientific sources is an important obstacle for both academic and industrial sectors. Furthermore innovations should be contributed more rapidly to international board and private sector to provide with economic growth rate. Fermentation Technology Journal that has been launched by Omics Publishing Group renders the modern developments and innovation of researchers, scholars and scientists in introducing of modified beneficial methods which molests the problems regarding acquisition, storage, and retrieval, the information is mainly used in production of product by means of mass culture of microorganisms and leads to the advancement in biotechnological field.
{"title":"Importance of Fermentation Technology in the Promoting of Global Fermentation R&D: Open Access Solutions for Sustainable Development","authors":"T. Tunçal","doi":"10.4172/2167-7972.1000E108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7972.1000E108","url":null,"abstract":"Climate changes and many other political issues are forcing use of renewable energy resources instead of fossil fuels. Especially bioconversion of organic waste materials into highly valuable energy-rich end products has become a buzzword of late. Furthermore production of valuable organic acids, alcohols and methane using fermentation technology is one of the most promising ways in waste to energy strategies. In fact this research area has very dynamic for several decades and important innovative solutions have been brought about for industrial problems by scientists. However limited access to scientific sources is an important obstacle for both academic and industrial sectors. Furthermore innovations should be contributed more rapidly to international board and private sector to provide with economic growth rate. Fermentation Technology Journal that has been launched by Omics Publishing Group renders the modern developments and innovation of researchers, scholars and scientists in introducing of modified beneficial methods which molests the problems regarding acquisition, storage, and retrieval, the information is mainly used in production of product by means of mass culture of microorganisms and leads to the advancement in biotechnological field.","PeriodicalId":12351,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74357928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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