Pub Date : 2022-11-27DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2152391
Xiongwen Chen, Kimberly A. Bowman, J. L. Willis
ABSTRACT Longleaf pine forests were historically distributed throughout the southeastern United States and played an important role in local sectors of society, economy, and ecology. The longleaf pine became an endangered ecosystem due to over-harvesting, broad land-use change, and fire suppression. One major factor that has challenged restoration efforts is sporadic seed production. Based on collected cone production data in the past six decades, we tested whether critical slowing down existed in cone production at three longleaf pine locations. Our results indicated decreased variance and increased autocorrelation in variance before a high cone production. These results provide a new understanding of cone production from the perspective of a dynamic system. This method may be helpful in predicting years of favorable cone production for forest management.
{"title":"Critical slowing down in cone production of longleaf pine trees","authors":"Xiongwen Chen, Kimberly A. Bowman, J. L. Willis","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2152391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2152391","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Longleaf pine forests were historically distributed throughout the southeastern United States and played an important role in local sectors of society, economy, and ecology. The longleaf pine became an endangered ecosystem due to over-harvesting, broad land-use change, and fire suppression. One major factor that has challenged restoration efforts is sporadic seed production. Based on collected cone production data in the past six decades, we tested whether critical slowing down existed in cone production at three longleaf pine locations. Our results indicated decreased variance and increased autocorrelation in variance before a high cone production. These results provide a new understanding of cone production from the perspective of a dynamic system. This method may be helpful in predicting years of favorable cone production for forest management.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"32 1","pages":"55 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49382146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2136252
N. Peluso
{"title":"A review of and reflections on Adaptive Collaborative Management in Forest Landscapes: Villagers, Bureaucrats, and Civil Society","authors":"N. Peluso","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2136252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2136252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"197 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44439267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2132541
A. Aromolaran, A. Obayelu, M. Muyanga, T. Jayne, A. Adelaja, T. Awokuse, O. O. Ogunmola, O. H. Osinowo
ABSTRACT Decision-making is central to farm management. This study assesses key factors influencing land allocation decisions of households with respects to tree crop cultivation in Nigeria. The study uses primary data collected electronically from a sample of 569 small and 495 medium-scale farmers in Ogun State.Tobit and Heckman regression models were estimated. The study finds that, farm households who have access to land markets and land tenure security, all-weather roads, agro-dealer services and better transportation services are more likely to cultivate tree crop fields and allocate a higher share of total farm holdings to tree crop enterprises. Farm households with more educated heads put larger area of land under commercial tree crop cultivation and those with larger off-farm income tend to cultivate less hectarage to tree crops. The share of farmland allocated to tree crops by male headed households is higher than the share by the female headed households. In addition, female and youth-headed households were found to be less likely to invest in commercial tree crop farming. Policies and intervention programs that would enhance access to land, agro-dealer services, all-weather roads, transportation services and security of land tenure could facilitate the redistribution of land in favour of commercial tree crops.
{"title":"Determinants of farmer’s decision to transit to medium/larger farm through expansion of land area under commercial tree crop plantation in Nigeria","authors":"A. Aromolaran, A. Obayelu, M. Muyanga, T. Jayne, A. Adelaja, T. Awokuse, O. O. Ogunmola, O. H. Osinowo","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2132541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2132541","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Decision-making is central to farm management. This study assesses key factors influencing land allocation decisions of households with respects to tree crop cultivation in Nigeria. The study uses primary data collected electronically from a sample of 569 small and 495 medium-scale farmers in Ogun State.Tobit and Heckman regression models were estimated. The study finds that, farm households who have access to land markets and land tenure security, all-weather roads, agro-dealer services and better transportation services are more likely to cultivate tree crop fields and allocate a higher share of total farm holdings to tree crop enterprises. Farm households with more educated heads put larger area of land under commercial tree crop cultivation and those with larger off-farm income tend to cultivate less hectarage to tree crops. The share of farmland allocated to tree crops by male headed households is higher than the share by the female headed households. In addition, female and youth-headed households were found to be less likely to invest in commercial tree crop farming. Policies and intervention programs that would enhance access to land, agro-dealer services, all-weather roads, transportation services and security of land tenure could facilitate the redistribution of land in favour of commercial tree crops.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"230 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41907134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2145509
J. Sankalpa, P. Ishani, W. Wijesuriya
ABSTRACT Planting trees is a source of income for many smallholders worldwide and is critical for providing a range of ecosystem services. The effectiveness of the policies and incentives to encourage tree farming by smallholder farmers depends on the socioeconomic context of the farm households. The study investigates smallholder farmers’ willingness to replant rubber after reaching its economic lifespan while also examining the impact of farm households’ socioeconomic factors on willingness to replant. Using the utility maximization theory and logit model, the paper analyses household-level data collected from 404 smallholder farmers in Sri Lanka. The empirical findings show that about 71% of farmers are willing to replant rubber. Socioeconomic characteristics of farm households are significantly associated with the willingness to replant rubber. Considering the increase in the probability of willingness, factors such as education level of household head, share-cropping, family labour, income generation from rubber farming, non-farm income, other agricultural income, farmers group participation, and institutional support, positively affect farmers’ willingness to replant rubber. The findings suggest that considering these factors in the formulation of appropriate incentives and strategies for rubber farm diversification would foster a beneficial environment for smallholder rubber farming.
{"title":"Socioeconomic factors influencing farmers’ willingness to replant trees: evidence from smallholder rubber farming in Sri Lanka","authors":"J. Sankalpa, P. Ishani, W. Wijesuriya","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2145509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2145509","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Planting trees is a source of income for many smallholders worldwide and is critical for providing a range of ecosystem services. The effectiveness of the policies and incentives to encourage tree farming by smallholder farmers depends on the socioeconomic context of the farm households. The study investigates smallholder farmers’ willingness to replant rubber after reaching its economic lifespan while also examining the impact of farm households’ socioeconomic factors on willingness to replant. Using the utility maximization theory and logit model, the paper analyses household-level data collected from 404 smallholder farmers in Sri Lanka. The empirical findings show that about 71% of farmers are willing to replant rubber. Socioeconomic characteristics of farm households are significantly associated with the willingness to replant rubber. Considering the increase in the probability of willingness, factors such as education level of household head, share-cropping, family labour, income generation from rubber farming, non-farm income, other agricultural income, farmers group participation, and institutional support, positively affect farmers’ willingness to replant rubber. The findings suggest that considering these factors in the formulation of appropriate incentives and strategies for rubber farm diversification would foster a beneficial environment for smallholder rubber farming.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"246 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49508342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2141349
Christopher Kudzinawo, D. Awunyo-Vitor, C. Wongnaa
ABSTRACT This paper aims to assess the financial and economic viability of Moringa oleifera production as well as processing yield using data collected from 75 moringa farmers and a processing firm in the Bono East Region of Ghana. Descriptive statistics, as well as the discounted and non-discounted measures of project worth, were employed as analytical tools. A three-scenario based sensitivity analysis followed this to measure the robustness of the viability indicators to varying parameter values. The results revealed that an investment in Moringa oleifera production has a payback period of 1 year, 10 months, NPV of GH₵ 4,857.46(US$ 833), a BCR of 1.65 and an IRR of 63%, indicating Moringa oleifera production in the Bono East Region is viable. Considering the viability of this plantation and the potential it portrays for sustainable development, income generation, and job creation, we recommend that governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, and donor agencies support, invest, and encourage the cultivation, consumption, and activities of value addition to Moringa oleifera in their programs. This will lead to nutritional security, youth empowerment and liberation of villages and rural communities from intense poverty. It is also recommended that the government includes moringa plantation in its planting for food and jobs programs.
{"title":"Empirical examination of financial and economic viability of Moringa oleifera production in the Bono East Region, Ghana","authors":"Christopher Kudzinawo, D. Awunyo-Vitor, C. Wongnaa","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2141349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2141349","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper aims to assess the financial and economic viability of Moringa oleifera production as well as processing yield using data collected from 75 moringa farmers and a processing firm in the Bono East Region of Ghana. Descriptive statistics, as well as the discounted and non-discounted measures of project worth, were employed as analytical tools. A three-scenario based sensitivity analysis followed this to measure the robustness of the viability indicators to varying parameter values. The results revealed that an investment in Moringa oleifera production has a payback period of 1 year, 10 months, NPV of GH₵ 4,857.46(US$ 833), a BCR of 1.65 and an IRR of 63%, indicating Moringa oleifera production in the Bono East Region is viable. Considering the viability of this plantation and the potential it portrays for sustainable development, income generation, and job creation, we recommend that governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, and donor agencies support, invest, and encourage the cultivation, consumption, and activities of value addition to Moringa oleifera in their programs. This will lead to nutritional security, youth empowerment and liberation of villages and rural communities from intense poverty. It is also recommended that the government includes moringa plantation in its planting for food and jobs programs.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"216 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45880516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2125082
Krishnanunni Mavinkal Ravindran, H. Haruna, P. Lovett
ABSTRACT Traditionally consumed by certain communities in Africa’s shea-growing belt, shea caterpillars (Cirina butyrospermi, Vuillot 1911) have seen a growing market demand over the years. Although shea caterpillars are one of the most common insect species associated with shea parklands in Ghana, limited literature exists on these caterpillars’ market prospects. With the governments recognizing the economic potential of shea nuts, there have been various efforts to document the shea nut trade in all major shea producing countries. However, it is still unknown what volumes of shea caterpillar trade occur in Ghana. Our study area includes the five key markets that are popular for shea caterpillar trade in the Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri district of the North East Region of Ghana. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative data collected through key-informant interviews, guided market surveys, and focus group discussions to shed light on the annual trade of shea caterpillars, their supply chains, the value of the sector, and some sustainability concerns. Our results could guide the research community to investigate these caterpillars’ commercial prospects as edible food.
{"title":"Market potential of shea caterpillars in the Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District of the North East region of Ghana","authors":"Krishnanunni Mavinkal Ravindran, H. Haruna, P. Lovett","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2125082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2125082","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Traditionally consumed by certain communities in Africa’s shea-growing belt, shea caterpillars (Cirina butyrospermi, Vuillot 1911) have seen a growing market demand over the years. Although shea caterpillars are one of the most common insect species associated with shea parklands in Ghana, limited literature exists on these caterpillars’ market prospects. With the governments recognizing the economic potential of shea nuts, there have been various efforts to document the shea nut trade in all major shea producing countries. However, it is still unknown what volumes of shea caterpillar trade occur in Ghana. Our study area includes the five key markets that are popular for shea caterpillar trade in the Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri district of the North East Region of Ghana. This paper uses qualitative and quantitative data collected through key-informant interviews, guided market surveys, and focus group discussions to shed light on the annual trade of shea caterpillars, their supply chains, the value of the sector, and some sustainability concerns. Our results could guide the research community to investigate these caterpillars’ commercial prospects as edible food.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"202 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48485493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2103034
G. Kanmegne, Raïssa S. Atchioutchoua, Gaston R. Tsopmbeng Noumbo
ABSTRACT Using Canarium schweinfurthii as biological model, the present study evaluated the potential of combining air-layering and stem cutting techniques to optimize the production of agroforestry trees’ propagules. Three substrates and five concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) were tested for their effects on the rooting of air-layers. Stockplants were raised from air-layered propagules and used for stem cutting trial. Three levels of stockplant irradiance and five IBA concentrations were tested for their effects on the rooting of stem cuttings. Results showed that the combination of Sawdust substrate and 5 g/l IBA resulted in highest percentage of rooted layers (79.3 ± 7.6%) and highest number of roots per rooted layer (34.9 ± 0.7). Sawdust recorded the lowest layers’ mortality rate (6 ± 1.9%). Alive cuttings sprouted and rooted at 100%. The lowest mortality rates of cuttings (14 ± 4.8%) and the highest number of roots per rooted cutting (25.5 ± 0.1) were recorded with 10 g/l IBA × 50% ambient sunlight treatment combination. Using air-layered propagules for stockplant production could make it easy to achieve stockplant management practices like shading. Combining air-layering and stem cutting techniques enhanced the multiplication rate of propagules. This provides valuable insights for tree domestication practices worldwide.
{"title":"Combining air-layering and stem cutting techniques to optimize the production of quality planting materials for agroforestry tree species: a case study of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. (Burseraceae)","authors":"G. Kanmegne, Raïssa S. Atchioutchoua, Gaston R. Tsopmbeng Noumbo","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2103034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2103034","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using Canarium schweinfurthii as biological model, the present study evaluated the potential of combining air-layering and stem cutting techniques to optimize the production of agroforestry trees’ propagules. Three substrates and five concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) were tested for their effects on the rooting of air-layers. Stockplants were raised from air-layered propagules and used for stem cutting trial. Three levels of stockplant irradiance and five IBA concentrations were tested for their effects on the rooting of stem cuttings. Results showed that the combination of Sawdust substrate and 5 g/l IBA resulted in highest percentage of rooted layers (79.3 ± 7.6%) and highest number of roots per rooted layer (34.9 ± 0.7). Sawdust recorded the lowest layers’ mortality rate (6 ± 1.9%). Alive cuttings sprouted and rooted at 100%. The lowest mortality rates of cuttings (14 ± 4.8%) and the highest number of roots per rooted cutting (25.5 ± 0.1) were recorded with 10 g/l IBA × 50% ambient sunlight treatment combination. Using air-layered propagules for stockplant production could make it easy to achieve stockplant management practices like shading. Combining air-layering and stem cutting techniques enhanced the multiplication rate of propagules. This provides valuable insights for tree domestication practices worldwide.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"170 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44963044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2108510
Alec Mlambo, M. Maphosa
ABSTRACT Apart from timber, fruits, honey, firewood and other benefits from forests, mushrooms are an important forest food resource whose gathering has largely relied on indigenous knowledge systems (IKS). We surveyed five miombo woodland rural communities in central Zimbabwe with respondents of at least 16 years old, focusing on wild mushroom identification criteria used, ethnomycological knowledge transmission mechanisms, known mushroom foragers, known woody species associated with gathered mushrooms, and indigenous mushroom nomenclature systems used. Mushroom cap colour (99.52 %) was of similar importance to use of cap texture (95.78%) but more important (p ≤ .05) than cap shape, or other attributes. Women (69.04%) were more important (p ≤ .05) knowledge transmitters than other family members. Millipedes (91.79%) and insects (83.55%) constituted higher (p ≤ .05) mushroom foraging mention than other invertebrates. Julbernardia globiflora (84.16%) was more favourably mentioned (p ≤ .05) to associate with most mushrooms than other woody species. Mushroom nomenclature largely derived from their morphological traits, texture and habitat. The study demonstrates prevalence of moderately strong IKS and mushroom links to vegetation. These findings will help in ethnomycological research on aspects of miombo mushrooms and any relevant forest policy to benefit rural communities.
{"title":"Indigenous knowledge on wild mushrooms in communities bordering miombo woodlands of central Zimbabwe","authors":"Alec Mlambo, M. Maphosa","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2108510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2108510","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Apart from timber, fruits, honey, firewood and other benefits from forests, mushrooms are an important forest food resource whose gathering has largely relied on indigenous knowledge systems (IKS). We surveyed five miombo woodland rural communities in central Zimbabwe with respondents of at least 16 years old, focusing on wild mushroom identification criteria used, ethnomycological knowledge transmission mechanisms, known mushroom foragers, known woody species associated with gathered mushrooms, and indigenous mushroom nomenclature systems used. Mushroom cap colour (99.52 %) was of similar importance to use of cap texture (95.78%) but more important (p ≤ .05) than cap shape, or other attributes. Women (69.04%) were more important (p ≤ .05) knowledge transmitters than other family members. Millipedes (91.79%) and insects (83.55%) constituted higher (p ≤ .05) mushroom foraging mention than other invertebrates. Julbernardia globiflora (84.16%) was more favourably mentioned (p ≤ .05) to associate with most mushrooms than other woody species. Mushroom nomenclature largely derived from their morphological traits, texture and habitat. The study demonstrates prevalence of moderately strong IKS and mushroom links to vegetation. These findings will help in ethnomycological research on aspects of miombo mushrooms and any relevant forest policy to benefit rural communities.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"184 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42176265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-27DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2089735
L. Makhubele, R. Tshidzumba, P. Chirwa
ABSTRACT The capture of the benefits by the elites due to the lack of a benefit-sharing mechanism is a serious threat to the development of forestry land restitution projects in South Africa. This study investigated the benefit-sharing mechanisms desirable to land claimant beneficiaries in forestry-based land restitution projects. A random sampling technique was used to select 351 and 170 households’ beneficiaries in Levubu and Tzaneen communities in Limpopo Province, respectively. Data were collected using a household questionnaire and focus group discussions. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. Findings revealed that there are still no benefit-sharing mechanisms in Levubu and Tzaneen communities, but the beneficiaries comprehend the significance of developing a benefit-sharing mechanism for fair and equal distribution of benefits. The results revealed that stakeholders’ meetings (58.7%) and open beneficiaries’ meetings (40.6%) were preferred mechanisms. In addition, beneficiaries in both Levubu (54.4%) and Tzaneen (68.9%) preferred to receive benefits monthly. This paper provides the first overview of a benefit-sharing model in forestry-based land restitution projects in South Africa. It concludes that there is a need to consider the early development of a benefit-sharing mechanism in land restitution projects in order to allow a greater equal share of the benefits.
{"title":"What benefit-sharing mechanisms can help forestry-based land restitution beneficiaries in South Africa? The case of Limpopo province forestry projects","authors":"L. Makhubele, R. Tshidzumba, P. Chirwa","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2089735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2089735","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The capture of the benefits by the elites due to the lack of a benefit-sharing mechanism is a serious threat to the development of forestry land restitution projects in South Africa. This study investigated the benefit-sharing mechanisms desirable to land claimant beneficiaries in forestry-based land restitution projects. A random sampling technique was used to select 351 and 170 households’ beneficiaries in Levubu and Tzaneen communities in Limpopo Province, respectively. Data were collected using a household questionnaire and focus group discussions. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. Findings revealed that there are still no benefit-sharing mechanisms in Levubu and Tzaneen communities, but the beneficiaries comprehend the significance of developing a benefit-sharing mechanism for fair and equal distribution of benefits. The results revealed that stakeholders’ meetings (58.7%) and open beneficiaries’ meetings (40.6%) were preferred mechanisms. In addition, beneficiaries in both Levubu (54.4%) and Tzaneen (68.9%) preferred to receive benefits monthly. This paper provides the first overview of a benefit-sharing model in forestry-based land restitution projects in South Africa. It concludes that there is a need to consider the early development of a benefit-sharing mechanism in land restitution projects in order to allow a greater equal share of the benefits.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"153 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42110956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2079007
Joshua Ewusi Koomson, Emmanuel Donkor, Victor Owusu
ABSTRACT Contract farming guarantees smallholder farmers a reliable market, allow them to access inputs and technical support, and thus improve their welfare. However, side selling is a major threat to the promotion and development of contract farming in Sub-Saharan Africa, including in Ghana. While there is growing interest in addressing this issue for food crops and other tree crops, particularly coffee, there is limited literature on this subject for rubber. Against this background, our paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap by answering the research question “Why do smallholder farmers engage in side selling?” using primary data from 370 rubber farmers participating in an outgrower scheme in Western region of Ghana. A binary Probit regression model is applied in the empirical analysis. We find that 20% of the rubber farmers engaged in contract farming are involved in side selling. The results show that contractor’s delays in payment, delays in weighing latex and farmers’ difficulty in getting truck to transport latex to sale point are positively correlated with side selling behaviour while farmers’ age and access to extension services decrease their likelihood of engaging in side selling. To curb side selling behaviour among rubber farmers, it is important that the contractor addresses the transaction related challenges faced by farmers.
{"title":"Contract farming scheme for rubber production in Western region of Ghana: why do farmers side sell?","authors":"Joshua Ewusi Koomson, Emmanuel Donkor, Victor Owusu","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2079007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2079007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contract farming guarantees smallholder farmers a reliable market, allow them to access inputs and technical support, and thus improve their welfare. However, side selling is a major threat to the promotion and development of contract farming in Sub-Saharan Africa, including in Ghana. While there is growing interest in addressing this issue for food crops and other tree crops, particularly coffee, there is limited literature on this subject for rubber. Against this background, our paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap by answering the research question “Why do smallholder farmers engage in side selling?” using primary data from 370 rubber farmers participating in an outgrower scheme in Western region of Ghana. A binary Probit regression model is applied in the empirical analysis. We find that 20% of the rubber farmers engaged in contract farming are involved in side selling. The results show that contractor’s delays in payment, delays in weighing latex and farmers’ difficulty in getting truck to transport latex to sale point are positively correlated with side selling behaviour while farmers’ age and access to extension services decrease their likelihood of engaging in side selling. To curb side selling behaviour among rubber farmers, it is important that the contractor addresses the transaction related challenges faced by farmers.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"139 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47457401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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