Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2059706
Renaud Randrianasolo, P. Ranjatson, R. McLain, Andisoa Nomenjanahary, Claude Germier Oginot Manasoa
ABSTRACT Multiple global initiatives are underway to restore the world’s forests, and more recently, its rangeland ecosystems. Tenure security has been identified as a key enabling factor for successful restoration initiatives. However, in Madagascar, a global biodiversity hotspot, dry forests are considered unoccupied and unowned, even where communities have long-established claims under customary tenure systems. Collective tenure recognition efforts are underway, but limited knowledge on agropastoralist cattle production strategies hampers efforts to develop well-informed tenure reforms. Our qualitative study helps fill this knowledge gap by documenting cattle raising strategies among agropastoralists in northwestern Madagascar, as well as the core elements of semi-extensive and extensive pasturelands. Our analysis reveals the presence of four distinct cattle raising strategies in the study area but suggests that cattle raisers are transitioning away from extensive cattle production toward semi-extensive and intensive alternatives in response to high risk of cattle theft and expanding human settlement. Although our study focuses on Madagascar, the issues we raise are relevant to ongoing efforts throughout sub-Saharan Africa to engage agropastoralists in dry forest restoration and support their livelihoods.
{"title":"A cautionary note for forest landscape restoration in drylands: cattle production systems in northwest Madagascar’s dry forests","authors":"Renaud Randrianasolo, P. Ranjatson, R. McLain, Andisoa Nomenjanahary, Claude Germier Oginot Manasoa","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2059706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2059706","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Multiple global initiatives are underway to restore the world’s forests, and more recently, its rangeland ecosystems. Tenure security has been identified as a key enabling factor for successful restoration initiatives. However, in Madagascar, a global biodiversity hotspot, dry forests are considered unoccupied and unowned, even where communities have long-established claims under customary tenure systems. Collective tenure recognition efforts are underway, but limited knowledge on agropastoralist cattle production strategies hampers efforts to develop well-informed tenure reforms. Our qualitative study helps fill this knowledge gap by documenting cattle raising strategies among agropastoralists in northwestern Madagascar, as well as the core elements of semi-extensive and extensive pasturelands. Our analysis reveals the presence of four distinct cattle raising strategies in the study area but suggests that cattle raisers are transitioning away from extensive cattle production toward semi-extensive and intensive alternatives in response to high risk of cattle theft and expanding human settlement. Although our study focuses on Madagascar, the issues we raise are relevant to ongoing efforts throughout sub-Saharan Africa to engage agropastoralists in dry forest restoration and support their livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"86 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41340338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2076747
Richmond Atta-Ankomah, Kwadwo Danso-Mensah
ABSTRACT The economic potential of oil palm for Ghana and many other developing countries in the tropics is substantial but largely remain unharnessed. Employing both quantitative and qualitative methods including treatment effect models, this study examines the yield difference between adopters and non-adopters of oil palm Best Management Practices (BMPs) among a large number of smallholder farmers and how this may be shaped by factors mostly relating to sectoral innovation system challenges. We found fertiliser application to be the only BMP which independently had a statistically significant yield difference. However, we found further that the adoption of more than any five of the BMPs also had a significant yield difference even after one controls for the effect of fertiliser application. These results tend to vary by the size of the oil palm plots and also appear to be largely associated with differences in the commitment of the farmers to implementing the BMPs, their capacity to absorb the investment cost of adoption and their expected monetary returns on such investment, which are linked to challenges within the oil palm value chain and sectoral innovation system. Our quantitative results are stable under different estimation models and variations in control variables.
{"title":"Best management practices for sustainable oil palm production: the case of smallholder farmers’ adoption in Ghana","authors":"Richmond Atta-Ankomah, Kwadwo Danso-Mensah","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2076747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2076747","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The economic potential of oil palm for Ghana and many other developing countries in the tropics is substantial but largely remain unharnessed. Employing both quantitative and qualitative methods including treatment effect models, this study examines the yield difference between adopters and non-adopters of oil palm Best Management Practices (BMPs) among a large number of smallholder farmers and how this may be shaped by factors mostly relating to sectoral innovation system challenges. We found fertiliser application to be the only BMP which independently had a statistically significant yield difference. However, we found further that the adoption of more than any five of the BMPs also had a significant yield difference even after one controls for the effect of fertiliser application. These results tend to vary by the size of the oil palm plots and also appear to be largely associated with differences in the commitment of the farmers to implementing the BMPs, their capacity to absorb the investment cost of adoption and their expected monetary returns on such investment, which are linked to challenges within the oil palm value chain and sectoral innovation system. Our quantitative results are stable under different estimation models and variations in control variables.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"123 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47994078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2059790
D. Ombogoh, E. Mwangi, A. Larson
ABSTRACT Forest and water are linked resources that are important to community livelihoods in East Africa. Sectoral reforms in Kenya have decentralized forest and water management functions to local communities through forest and water Acts. It has been argued that problems are more likely to be understood as interconnected, and thus managed more holistically, at the local level. Through case studies on the processes of developing forest and water management plans in two Kenyan ecosystems, we explore the challenges and opportunities for resource management planning at the local level. The questions we addressed are: How is the content of the plans determined? How is gender integrated ? What are the barriers to implementation? How can content and implementation be improved to support joint forest and water management? Despite their close links, water and forest governance is separate, as sectoral approaches nationally trickle down locally. We argue that the process of developing the plans should take an integrated landscape approach. A practical way forward is to improve current processes, by ensuring local participation and generating local ownership through improved facilitation and engagement of community members, including women. This includes the integration of community participants from both spheres into both forest and water management planning.
{"title":"Community participation in forest and water management planning in Kenya: challenges and opportunities","authors":"D. Ombogoh, E. Mwangi, A. Larson","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2059790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2059790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Forest and water are linked resources that are important to community livelihoods in East Africa. Sectoral reforms in Kenya have decentralized forest and water management functions to local communities through forest and water Acts. It has been argued that problems are more likely to be understood as interconnected, and thus managed more holistically, at the local level. Through case studies on the processes of developing forest and water management plans in two Kenyan ecosystems, we explore the challenges and opportunities for resource management planning at the local level. The questions we addressed are: How is the content of the plans determined? How is gender integrated ? What are the barriers to implementation? How can content and implementation be improved to support joint forest and water management? Despite their close links, water and forest governance is separate, as sectoral approaches nationally trickle down locally. We argue that the process of developing the plans should take an integrated landscape approach. A practical way forward is to improve current processes, by ensuring local participation and generating local ownership through improved facilitation and engagement of community members, including women. This includes the integration of community participants from both spheres into both forest and water management planning.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"104 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46097285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2048316
Jacqueline Miner, Noah Goyke, P. Dwivedi
ABSTRACT The percentage of female forest landowners (FFLs) in the United States increased from 11% in 2006 to 20% in 2018. Since women almost outlive men by about five years, the percentage of FFLs is likely to further increase in the future. Due to this likely shift in forestland ownership, it is vital to develop typologies of FFLs based on their motivations for forestland management. In this study, we used Q methodology to develop a typology of FFLs in Georgia – a prominent forestry state located in the Southern United States. Each participant sorted 30 statements that represented 10 unique forestland management objectives common for FFLs. Analysis of the responses identified three types of FFLs that reflect the land management objectives of the participants. Type 1 FFLs find part of their identity in their forestland. Type 2 FFLs prioritize financial returns from their forestlands. Type 3 FFLs prioritize improving wildlife habitat. Salient to the three types, all FFLs display high levels of place attachment and prioritize future generations in management decisions. These results illustrate the need for educational and networking opportunities that better cater to the specific forest management objectives of FFLs.
{"title":"Developing a typology of female forest landowners in Georgia, United States","authors":"Jacqueline Miner, Noah Goyke, P. Dwivedi","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2048316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2048316","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The percentage of female forest landowners (FFLs) in the United States increased from 11% in 2006 to 20% in 2018. Since women almost outlive men by about five years, the percentage of FFLs is likely to further increase in the future. Due to this likely shift in forestland ownership, it is vital to develop typologies of FFLs based on their motivations for forestland management. In this study, we used Q methodology to develop a typology of FFLs in Georgia – a prominent forestry state located in the Southern United States. Each participant sorted 30 statements that represented 10 unique forestland management objectives common for FFLs. Analysis of the responses identified three types of FFLs that reflect the land management objectives of the participants. Type 1 FFLs find part of their identity in their forestland. Type 2 FFLs prioritize financial returns from their forestlands. Type 3 FFLs prioritize improving wildlife habitat. Salient to the three types, all FFLs display high levels of place attachment and prioritize future generations in management decisions. These results illustrate the need for educational and networking opportunities that better cater to the specific forest management objectives of FFLs.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"71 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43452721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2028685
Arindo Lukawu Akweni, S. Sibanda, G. E. Zharare, C. Zimudzi
ABSTRACT Edible fruits are an important source of food and income in rural areas. The savanna woodlands of South Africa are endowed with a high density of fruit tree species whose production potential has never been investigated. We evaluated this potential for two species (Strychnos madagascariensis and S. spinosa) in the central portions of the Umhlabuyalingana Municipality (cpUM). Tree inventories were conducted in eight 0.25-ha square plots following an East-West distance gradient. The diameter at breast height (DBH) of each tree was measured, allowing the estimation of fruit biomass through the use of existing fruit-based allometric equations. The ESRI Calculate Geometry tool of ArcGIS was used to calculate the total surface of the study area, which served to obtain its global fruit biomass production. The productivity of the cpUM was on average 935 ± 532 kg ha−1 and 1211 ± 971 kg ha−1 of fresh fruit biomass, respectively for S. madagascariensis and S. spinosa. For the considered study area, this represented a total production potential of 13,192 ± 7,502 tons (t) and 17,084 ± 13,695 t of fresh fruit biomass for S. madagascariensis and S. spinosa, respectively. This potential can support commercial harvest ventures of the fruits from the wild.
可食用水果是农村地区重要的食物和收入来源。南非的热带稀树草原林地拥有高密度的果树品种，其生产潜力从未被调查过。我们对Umhlabuyalingana市(ccpum)中部的两个物种(Strychnos madagascar ensis和S. spinosa)的这种潜力进行了评估。按照东西距离梯度，在8个0.25 ha的正方形样地进行树木调查。测量了每棵树的胸高直径(DBH)，通过使用现有的基于果实的异速生长方程来估计果实生物量。利用ArcGIS的ESRI计算几何工具计算研究区的总表面积，从而获得研究区的全球果实生物量产量。ccpu的平均产量分别为935±532 kg ha - 1和1211±971 kg ha - 1。在考虑的研究区域内，这意味着马达加斯加棘猴和棘猴的新鲜果实生物量的生产潜力分别为13,192±7,502吨和17,084±13,695吨。这种潜力可以支持野生水果的商业收获。
{"title":"Estimating edible fruit biomass production in the savanna woodlands of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"Arindo Lukawu Akweni, S. Sibanda, G. E. Zharare, C. Zimudzi","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2028685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2028685","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Edible fruits are an important source of food and income in rural areas. The savanna woodlands of South Africa are endowed with a high density of fruit tree species whose production potential has never been investigated. We evaluated this potential for two species (Strychnos madagascariensis and S. spinosa) in the central portions of the Umhlabuyalingana Municipality (cpUM). Tree inventories were conducted in eight 0.25-ha square plots following an East-West distance gradient. The diameter at breast height (DBH) of each tree was measured, allowing the estimation of fruit biomass through the use of existing fruit-based allometric equations. The ESRI Calculate Geometry tool of ArcGIS was used to calculate the total surface of the study area, which served to obtain its global fruit biomass production. The productivity of the cpUM was on average 935 ± 532 kg ha−1 and 1211 ± 971 kg ha−1 of fresh fruit biomass, respectively for S. madagascariensis and S. spinosa. For the considered study area, this represented a total production potential of 13,192 ± 7,502 tons (t) and 17,084 ± 13,695 t of fresh fruit biomass for S. madagascariensis and S. spinosa, respectively. This potential can support commercial harvest ventures of the fruits from the wild.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"45 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43269997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2022.2039884
F. Amon-Armah, S. Oduro, M. Asani, E. Doe
ABSTRACT The study assessed the value and supply chain of kola nuts in Ghana through key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in eighteen communities. Key actors, flow of products and product information, and relationship among actors were assessed using content analysis. Results suggest that the nuts are picked or harvested from either wild or cultivated kola trees by farmers or pickers. The nuts are then processed or cured for storage by either the farmers, pickers or brokers who buy harvested kola pods for assemblers. The assemblers either sell to local consumers or on large markets in neighbouring countries like Nigeria. The business model for the kola nut industry in Ghana is such that transactions are usually on mutual trust and verbal agreements without any documented evidence. There is limited market information, which often hinders price negotiation, and this affects especially producers and processors. For improving the value chain for mutual benefit among the actors, especially for producers, we recommend the formation of a strong horizontal linkage through avenues, such as associations as well as strong vertical and consistent linkages between the actors.
{"title":"Kola nut value and supply chains in Ghana, a qualitative study","authors":"F. Amon-Armah, S. Oduro, M. Asani, E. Doe","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2022.2039884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2039884","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study assessed the value and supply chain of kola nuts in Ghana through key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in eighteen communities. Key actors, flow of products and product information, and relationship among actors were assessed using content analysis. Results suggest that the nuts are picked or harvested from either wild or cultivated kola trees by farmers or pickers. The nuts are then processed or cured for storage by either the farmers, pickers or brokers who buy harvested kola pods for assemblers. The assemblers either sell to local consumers or on large markets in neighbouring countries like Nigeria. The business model for the kola nut industry in Ghana is such that transactions are usually on mutual trust and verbal agreements without any documented evidence. There is limited market information, which often hinders price negotiation, and this affects especially producers and processors. For improving the value chain for mutual benefit among the actors, especially for producers, we recommend the formation of a strong horizontal linkage through avenues, such as associations as well as strong vertical and consistent linkages between the actors.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"54 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47619274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2021.2018361
C. Phurailatpam, Lyngdoh N, R. Vasudeva, T. Mehra, B. D. Mongjam, K. C. Momin
ABSTRACT Tree bean (Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr.) is an indigenous fruit tree species of North-east (NE) India that yields pods of high economic value. for the preparation of many traditional recipes. In this study, we attempted to refine criteria for selection of superior genotypes of tree bean by developing a pod ideotype and matching it to 26 trees-selected by farmers in Manipur, India. The pod ideotype was developed based on seven pod characteristics, viz. seed size, pod length, seed number per pod, pod width, colour, aroma and harvest stage. T A significant variation was observed for all pod and seed traits amongst the selected trees. Pod width ranged from 23.4 to 33.0 mm, the number of seeds per pod from 7.6 to 19.1 and the seed diameter from 4.7 to 18.7 mm. The perentage of trees that possessed traits preferred by consumers ranged from 15.4% for colour to 73.1% for aroma. Out of the 26 trees that were identified, only one produced pods that were similar and two that were close to the ideotype. The need to refine selection criteria to include consumer preferences and farmer traits in tree domestication for enhancing marketability of products towards greater economic and social benefits is discussed.
{"title":"Refining tree selection criteria of Tree Bean (Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr.) based on farmer knowledge and consumer preference in Manipur, India","authors":"C. Phurailatpam, Lyngdoh N, R. Vasudeva, T. Mehra, B. D. Mongjam, K. C. Momin","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2021.2018361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2021.2018361","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tree bean (Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr.) is an indigenous fruit tree species of North-east (NE) India that yields pods of high economic value. for the preparation of many traditional recipes. In this study, we attempted to refine criteria for selection of superior genotypes of tree bean by developing a pod ideotype and matching it to 26 trees-selected by farmers in Manipur, India. The pod ideotype was developed based on seven pod characteristics, viz. seed size, pod length, seed number per pod, pod width, colour, aroma and harvest stage. T A significant variation was observed for all pod and seed traits amongst the selected trees. Pod width ranged from 23.4 to 33.0 mm, the number of seeds per pod from 7.6 to 19.1 and the seed diameter from 4.7 to 18.7 mm. The perentage of trees that possessed traits preferred by consumers ranged from 15.4% for colour to 73.1% for aroma. Out of the 26 trees that were identified, only one produced pods that were similar and two that were close to the ideotype. The need to refine selection criteria to include consumer preferences and farmer traits in tree domestication for enhancing marketability of products towards greater economic and social benefits is discussed.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"13 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42549929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2021.2018668
T. S. Widyaningsih, Muhadjir Darwin, E. Pangaribowo, A. Maryudi
ABSTRACT Social forestry was envisioned as a policy innovation to tackle rural poverty. The literature increasingly shows that the goal is rarely achieved. Few mention social forestry improves local livelihoods, but many others point out the limited livelihood options provided to the communities. Recent literature highlights social innovation as a key factor in the success of social forestry. In this paper, we analyze the process by which social forestry permit holders harness social innovation to realize the promise of benefits from the forests. We focus on how they create networks with diverse stakeholders to gain the necessary resources to implement new ideas in utilizing the forests. We further analyze the key factors influencing the development of social innovation. We examine two rare cases from Indonesia where local communities thrived in the face of adversities and were able to turn them into opportunities to produce economic benefits. We identified resilience and adaptability as key internal attributes of the two communities to adapt to socio-ecological changes. Our cases also reveal the importance of building networks with related stakeholders. The success of social innovation is influenced by internal group factors such as persistence, leadership, as well as government policy and technical support.
{"title":"Harnessing social innovations and mobilizing networks for improving local livelihoods: cases of two community-managed forests from Indonesia","authors":"T. S. Widyaningsih, Muhadjir Darwin, E. Pangaribowo, A. Maryudi","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2021.2018668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2021.2018668","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social forestry was envisioned as a policy innovation to tackle rural poverty. The literature increasingly shows that the goal is rarely achieved. Few mention social forestry improves local livelihoods, but many others point out the limited livelihood options provided to the communities. Recent literature highlights social innovation as a key factor in the success of social forestry. In this paper, we analyze the process by which social forestry permit holders harness social innovation to realize the promise of benefits from the forests. We focus on how they create networks with diverse stakeholders to gain the necessary resources to implement new ideas in utilizing the forests. We further analyze the key factors influencing the development of social innovation. We examine two rare cases from Indonesia where local communities thrived in the face of adversities and were able to turn them into opportunities to produce economic benefits. We identified resilience and adaptability as key internal attributes of the two communities to adapt to socio-ecological changes. Our cases also reveal the importance of building networks with related stakeholders. The success of social innovation is influenced by internal group factors such as persistence, leadership, as well as government policy and technical support.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"27 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49502138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2021.2011789
S. T. Adebayo, F. Oyawole, R. Sanusi, C. Afolami
ABSTRACT Adoption of improved agricultural technologies is an important component for improvement in agricultural productivity especially in developing countries. This study assessed the adoption level and factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adopt five improved agricultural technologies in Ondo State, Nigeria using cross-sectional data on 149 cocoa farmers. A Multivariate Probit model was specified to account for the simultaneous decision-making process farmers undergo to maximize utility given their budget constraint. Most of the farmers were male, old and cultivated an average of 7 hectares of cocoa. Most of them had adopted improved cocoa varieties (84.6%) and capsid control was the least adopted (53.0%) among the respondents. The MVP model results show that cocoa farmers that belong to cooperative groups have a greater likelihood of adopting all five technologies. Older farmers are more likely to adopt improved cocoa varieties, and those with large farms have a greater likelihood of adopting recommended spacing. Credit access, education and extension contact positively influence improved cocoa varieties’ adoption, while household size negatively influences it. The study recommends the improvement of institutional capacities especially in the areas of credit provision and extension service delivery in order to promote technology adoption for increased agricultural productivity in Nigeria.
{"title":"Technology adoption among cocoa farmers in Nigeria: what drives farmers’ decisions?","authors":"S. T. Adebayo, F. Oyawole, R. Sanusi, C. Afolami","doi":"10.1080/14728028.2021.2011789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2021.2011789","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adoption of improved agricultural technologies is an important component for improvement in agricultural productivity especially in developing countries. This study assessed the adoption level and factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adopt five improved agricultural technologies in Ondo State, Nigeria using cross-sectional data on 149 cocoa farmers. A Multivariate Probit model was specified to account for the simultaneous decision-making process farmers undergo to maximize utility given their budget constraint. Most of the farmers were male, old and cultivated an average of 7 hectares of cocoa. Most of them had adopted improved cocoa varieties (84.6%) and capsid control was the least adopted (53.0%) among the respondents. The MVP model results show that cocoa farmers that belong to cooperative groups have a greater likelihood of adopting all five technologies. Older farmers are more likely to adopt improved cocoa varieties, and those with large farms have a greater likelihood of adopting recommended spacing. Credit access, education and extension contact positively influence improved cocoa varieties’ adoption, while household size negatively influences it. The study recommends the improvement of institutional capacities especially in the areas of credit provision and extension service delivery in order to promote technology adoption for increased agricultural productivity in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":12422,"journal":{"name":"Forests, Trees and Livelihoods","volume":"31 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45564197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/14728028.2021.1998797
D. Pullanikkatil, Gladman Thondhlana, C. Shackleton
ABSTRACT Traditional handicrafts made from various plant materials are produced by most cultures around the world. Many originated through symbolic and utilitarian needs that became ritualized through time, thereby gradually attaining greater value as cultural items or symbols rather than solely functional ones. Here we report on a survey of 343 crafters across Eswatini, Malawi, and Zimbabwe in southern Africa regarding the cultural uses and significance of the items they make from wild plant fibers and sell to local communities or tourists. The plant materials used were largely dictated by tradition and local availability and were crafted into a diverse range of products including baskets, mats, brooms, storage containers, hats, fish traps, ornaments, and furniture. Many products had uses and cultural significance at major ceremonies or rituals, such as weddings, funerals, initiation, and divination. The preparation and design of the different crafts were influenced by tradition as well as market demand as indicated by tourist fashions and advice provided by government or non-government agencies to boost income generation from crafts. Although the crafting of cultural objects is increasingly commercialized and subject to the tastes and fashions of tourist markets in the region, the traditional and cultural significance of such artifacts remains widely recognized and valued.
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