Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/17
Elena Tikhonova, Nadezhda Gorbunova, Anastasia Safonova, Ella Treschevskaya, Jiaolong Ye, Hong Yuan, Chanhua Ma
The creation of artificial forest belts is an effective method of land reclamation. Forest belts have a positive impact on prevention of erosion processes, formation of heat and moisture regimes, reduction of turbulent exchange in the surface air layer and reduction of carbon dioxide share in the atmosphere. An important feature of forest plantations is the prevention of soil contamination with heavy metals (HM). It occurs due to profile redistribution of HM and partial remediation of soils. The obtained data confirm this position. Reliable transformation of leached chernozems under the influence of different-age forest belts in comparison with arable soils on the territory of All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar named after A.L. Mazlumov was revealed. Forest vegetation type contributes to more sustainable ecosystems due to stabilization of humus content and its uniform distribution throughout the soil profile. Correlation analysis revealed a close relationship between content of humus, soil solution pH and the gross content, as well as the exchangeable compounds of HM. An increase in the concentration of HM in the upper layer of arable chernozem was revealed; it was caused by active emissions of exhaust gases from agricultural machinery and the application of mineral fertilizers. The design of forest belts in order to restore contaminated soils is planned in the territory of Sichuan Province (southwest China). This project needs additional research, which is planned to be carried out in the future.
{"title":"Influence of forest belts on the total content of Pb and Cd and their exchange compounds in leached chernozems","authors":"Elena Tikhonova, Nadezhda Gorbunova, Anastasia Safonova, Ella Treschevskaya, Jiaolong Ye, Hong Yuan, Chanhua Ma","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/17","url":null,"abstract":"The creation of artificial forest belts is an effective method of land reclamation. Forest belts have a positive impact on prevention of erosion processes, formation of heat and moisture regimes, reduction of turbulent exchange in the surface air layer and reduction of carbon dioxide share in the atmosphere. An important feature of forest plantations is the prevention of soil contamination with heavy metals (HM). It occurs due to profile redistribution of HM and partial remediation of soils. The obtained data confirm this position. Reliable transformation of leached chernozems under the influence of different-age forest belts in comparison with arable soils on the territory of All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar named after A.L. Mazlumov was revealed. Forest vegetation type contributes to more sustainable ecosystems due to stabilization of humus content and its uniform distribution throughout the soil profile. Correlation analysis revealed a close relationship between content of humus, soil solution pH and the gross content, as well as the exchangeable compounds of HM. An increase in the concentration of HM in the upper layer of arable chernozem was revealed; it was caused by active emissions of exhaust gases from agricultural machinery and the application of mineral fertilizers. The design of forest belts in order to restore contaminated soils is planned in the territory of Sichuan Province (southwest China). This project needs additional research, which is planned to be carried out in the future.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136215794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/18
Svetlana Degtyareva, Valentina Dorofeeva, Vladimir Eskov, Maria Krasnikova, Elena Oleynikova, Vladimir Torchyk
In the Central Chernozem region of the Russian Federation, since 2010, the gap between the phenological development of plants and abiotic environmental factors has been increasing. In order to increase the biodiversity of the flora of megacities, the question of selecting an assortment of plant species that are resistant to a complex of natural and anthropogenic changes at the same time remains relevant. One of these species is the prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.). The diameter of the trunk at chest height, the height of the tree, the number of macrostrobes, the length and color of the needles of specimens (N = 50) growing in urban plantations of Voronezh were studied. The length of the needles of the studied trees is identical to the length of the needles of trees in the natural range. In 20-30-year-old trees, blue-coniferous forms predominate, there is a fairly strong positive correlation between the diameter of the trunk and the height of the tree (r = 0.65).The beginning of growth and the end of shoots were recorded, the timing of the laying of wintering buds in prickly spruce trees (Picea pungens Engelm.). The vegetation period of the studied species is comparable with the phenorhythmics of the local (aboriginal) species of European spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The data indicate a sufficiently high adaptability of the prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) to the expansion of its potential range. We believe that this species is promising for widespread use in various recreational areas of megacities. In the future, it is necessary to answer the question: how will the phenorhythmics of the studied species affect vegetative reproduction to form the basis of the local phenotype?
{"title":"Morpho- and pheno-variability of Picea pungens Engelm.: analysis of the species plasticity in the Voronezh urban environment","authors":"Svetlana Degtyareva, Valentina Dorofeeva, Vladimir Eskov, Maria Krasnikova, Elena Oleynikova, Vladimir Torchyk","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/18","url":null,"abstract":"In the Central Chernozem region of the Russian Federation, since 2010, the gap between the phenological development of plants and abiotic environmental factors has been increasing. In order to increase the biodiversity of the flora of megacities, the question of selecting an assortment of plant species that are resistant to a complex of natural and anthropogenic changes at the same time remains relevant. One of these species is the prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.). The diameter of the trunk at chest height, the height of the tree, the number of macrostrobes, the length and color of the needles of specimens (N = 50) growing in urban plantations of Voronezh were studied. The length of the needles of the studied trees is identical to the length of the needles of trees in the natural range. In 20-30-year-old trees, blue-coniferous forms predominate, there is a fairly strong positive correlation between the diameter of the trunk and the height of the tree (r = 0.65).The beginning of growth and the end of shoots were recorded, the timing of the laying of wintering buds in prickly spruce trees (Picea pungens Engelm.). The vegetation period of the studied species is comparable with the phenorhythmics of the local (aboriginal) species of European spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The data indicate a sufficiently high adaptability of the prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) to the expansion of its potential range. We believe that this species is promising for widespread use in various recreational areas of megacities. In the future, it is necessary to answer the question: how will the phenorhythmics of the studied species affect vegetative reproduction to form the basis of the local phenotype?","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136215867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selection of Pinus sibirica Du Tour plus trees by seed productivity, breeding of half-sibs, characterized by an abundance of cones and pollen, serve as the basis for the creation of high-yielding target plantations. The aim of the research was to select families with a large percentage of early reproductive development's trees, and specimens with a lot of cones and shoots with male inflorescences. Also, to select specimens in different families of Pinus sibirica Du Tour plus trees by early reproductive development, taking into account the formation of cones and pollen. The subject of the study was the seed progeny of Pinus sibirica Du Tour trees at biological age of 31-35 years, grown on the territory of the arboretum of Reshetnev University, the site «Prodolzhenie geoshkoly» (N 55.9666666667, E 92.6166666667, 287 meters above sea level). Initially, five plus trees growing in Irkutsk (60/24) and Novosibirsk regions (98/62, 102/66, 106/70 and 110/74) for reproduction among certified plus trees by seed productivity were selected. The growing conditions and indicators of plus trees from the certificate drawn up by the commission during their certification are given. Cones from these trees were collected, then seeds were sown and planting material was grown, which was transplanted to the site of the arboretum of Reshetnev University. In 2018, 2021 and 2022, the number of cones and microstrobiles in early reproductive development semis by using binoculars was determined. The variability by early reproductive development of half-sibs in the formation of cones both between families of plus trees (7.8-25.3 psc.), and within families (60/24 – 2-22 psc.; 98/62 – 2-115 psc.; 102/66 – 4-45 psc.;106/70 – 1-54 psc.; 110/74 – 1-15 psc.) is noted. The selection of specimens by the size of the cones was not carried out. Some specimens formed both cones and pollen: 82-7, 85-10 and 87-13 in the family of the plus trees 60/24; 72-11, 79-2, 79-3, 79-4, 79-8, 80-3, 81-4, 85-22 (family 98/62); 83-1,83-6, 83-9, 84-2, 84-4, 86-9, 86-1 (family 102/66); 78-3, 78-9, 81-8, 81-9, 81-10, 85-19 (family 106/70); 79-9, 84-12, 86-5 (family 110/74). Selected specimens have a huge value and can be widely used in their vegetative reproduction and the creation of high-yielding plantations of early reproductive development.
{"title":"Variability of reproductive development of half-sibs of Pinus Sibirica Du Tour","authors":"Rimma Matveeva, Iuliia Shcherba, Natal'ya Shenmayer","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/7","url":null,"abstract":"Selection of Pinus sibirica Du Tour plus trees by seed productivity, breeding of half-sibs, characterized by an abundance of cones and pollen, serve as the basis for the creation of high-yielding target plantations. The aim of the research was to select families with a large percentage of early reproductive development's trees, and specimens with a lot of cones and shoots with male inflorescences. Also, to select specimens in different families of Pinus sibirica Du Tour plus trees by early reproductive development, taking into account the formation of cones and pollen. The subject of the study was the seed progeny of Pinus sibirica Du Tour trees at biological age of 31-35 years, grown on the territory of the arboretum of Reshetnev University, the site «Prodolzhenie geoshkoly» (N 55.9666666667, E 92.6166666667, 287 meters above sea level). Initially, five plus trees growing in Irkutsk (60/24) and Novosibirsk regions (98/62, 102/66, 106/70 and 110/74) for reproduction among certified plus trees by seed productivity were selected. The growing conditions and indicators of plus trees from the certificate drawn up by the commission during their certification are given. Cones from these trees were collected, then seeds were sown and planting material was grown, which was transplanted to the site of the arboretum of Reshetnev University. In 2018, 2021 and 2022, the number of cones and microstrobiles in early reproductive development semis by using binoculars was determined. The variability by early reproductive development of half-sibs in the formation of cones both between families of plus trees (7.8-25.3 psc.), and within families (60/24 – 2-22 psc.; 98/62 – 2-115 psc.; 102/66 – 4-45 psc.;106/70 – 1-54 psc.; 110/74 – 1-15 psc.) is noted. The selection of specimens by the size of the cones was not carried out. Some specimens formed both cones and pollen: 82-7, 85-10 and 87-13 in the family of the plus trees 60/24; 72-11, 79-2, 79-3, 79-4, 79-8, 80-3, 81-4, 85-22 (family 98/62); 83-1,83-6, 83-9, 84-2, 84-4, 86-9, 86-1 (family 102/66); 78-3, 78-9, 81-8, 81-9, 81-10, 85-19 (family 106/70); 79-9, 84-12, 86-5 (family 110/74). Selected specimens have a huge value and can be widely used in their vegetative reproduction and the creation of high-yielding plantations of early reproductive development.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136215871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/4
Regina Bayturina, Aydar Gabdelhakov, Lenara Salim'yanova
The biological state of plantings with contrasting microclimatic growing conditions within the city limits is influenced by the orientation of streets to the cardinal directions and the presence of high-rise buildings. The trunk diameters (d0,1 and d1,3) and the height of Tilia cordata Mill were measured (n = 1 476 trees on 12 trial areas) with different age range (within V-X classes), freely growing on twelve linear trial areas allocated within two districts of the Ufa city of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The comparison of the average values of biometric parameters of trees growing in areas with different microclimates was carried out using the Student's test (α=0.05). In the process of conducting research on sites with contrasting microclimatic conditions, it was revealed that the growth, development and productivity of green spaces in urban conditions is influenced by their location, microclimatic conditions and air temperature. The orientation of the streets to the cardinal directions and the presence of high-rise buildings - sunny or shady - are very important for the growth of the tree. On the shady side during the growing period there is more moisture and the air temperature is lower. Of great importance for the difference in the diameters of the trees of the objects under consideration is their age. In addition, the immediate proximity of trees to the carriageway of the main street of the city also has a serious impact on their condition. The data of this study allow them to be used in the organization of landscape care for urban plantings, including linden trees.
{"title":"The influence of microclimatic urban conditions on the growth of Tilia cordata Mill. (Ufa city example)","authors":"Regina Bayturina, Aydar Gabdelhakov, Lenara Salim'yanova","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/4","url":null,"abstract":"The biological state of plantings with contrasting microclimatic growing conditions within the city limits is influenced by the orientation of streets to the cardinal directions and the presence of high-rise buildings. The trunk diameters (d0,1 and d1,3) and the height of Tilia cordata Mill were measured (n = 1 476 trees on 12 trial areas) with different age range (within V-X classes), freely growing on twelve linear trial areas allocated within two districts of the Ufa city of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The comparison of the average values of biometric parameters of trees growing in areas with different microclimates was carried out using the Student's test (α=0.05). In the process of conducting research on sites with contrasting microclimatic conditions, it was revealed that the growth, development and productivity of green spaces in urban conditions is influenced by their location, microclimatic conditions and air temperature. The orientation of the streets to the cardinal directions and the presence of high-rise buildings - sunny or shady - are very important for the growth of the tree. On the shady side during the growing period there is more moisture and the air temperature is lower. Of great importance for the difference in the diameters of the trees of the objects under consideration is their age. In addition, the immediate proximity of trees to the carriageway of the main street of the city also has a serious impact on their condition. The data of this study allow them to be used in the organization of landscape care for urban plantings, including linden trees.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136215962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/15
Egor Razinkov, Vladimir Shamaev, Ekaterina Kantieva, Tatyana Ishchenko, E. Tomina, Aleksey Chuykov
Despite the fact that currently there are a number of calculation formulas for determining the drying time of peeled veneer, they still cause difficulties for employees of plywood enterprises. We have come to the conclusion that these formulas can be greatly simplified. Moreover, it was necessary to find out the changes between the surface quality of the dried and raw veneer. The purpose of the work was to perform analytical calculations of the drying time of birch veneer of various thicknesses in plywood technology in relation to domestic drying equipment by simplifying the calculation formulas to make them easier for employees of plywood enterprises; to study the effect of the drying time of veneer on the production capacity of the enterprise; to study the surface quality of raw and dry veneer when drying it on domestic equipment in roller dryers. As a result of the research simple formulas were obtained that together with visual graphical dependences can significantly help employees of plywood enterprises; a close relationship between the drying time of veneer and the production capacity of a plywood enterprise is shown; the changes in the surface quality of raw veneer after drying in roller dryers are given.
{"title":"Duration of drying the birch veneer in the plywood production","authors":"Egor Razinkov, Vladimir Shamaev, Ekaterina Kantieva, Tatyana Ishchenko, E. Tomina, Aleksey Chuykov","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/15","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that currently there are a number of calculation formulas for determining the drying time of peeled veneer, they still cause difficulties for employees of plywood enterprises. We have come to the conclusion that these formulas can be greatly simplified. Moreover, it was necessary to find out the changes between the surface quality of the dried and raw veneer. The purpose of the work was to perform analytical calculations of the drying time of birch veneer of various thicknesses in plywood technology in relation to domestic drying equipment by simplifying the calculation formulas to make them easier for employees of plywood enterprises; to study the effect of the drying time of veneer on the production capacity of the enterprise; to study the surface quality of raw and dry veneer when drying it on domestic equipment in roller dryers. As a result of the research simple formulas were obtained that together with visual graphical dependences can significantly help employees of plywood enterprises; a close relationship between the drying time of veneer and the production capacity of a plywood enterprise is shown; the changes in the surface quality of raw veneer after drying in roller dryers are given.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136215791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/8
Tatyana Novikova
When choosing a technology for restoring forest landscapes, the quality of forest seed material is a significant factor. To develop a reference information system to support decision-making for adaptive restoration of forest landscapes, it is necessary to have data on the types and quality of forest seed material. Existing studies directly or indirectly confirm, on the one hand, the influence of seed quality on the quality of future plantations, on the other hand, the influence of forest characteristics on the quality and quantity of seeds. Preservation of the quality of forest seed material in conditions of large-scale harvesting of Scots pine seeds (Pinus sylvestris L.) is possible with the development of permanent forest seed plots, and (or) the use of modern technologies for separating forest seeds without loss of genetic diversity and increasing not only germination and seed germination energy, but also the vitality of seedlings, their stability to the change of abiotic factors. Descriptive statistics of biometric parameters of trees and cones of Scots pine on the experimental site (N51°50.00'; E39°22.09', 113 m ASL) demonstrates the following values (average; average error): the height of the tree (186.2; 11.7), the diameter of the root neck of the tree (5.9; 0.3), the ratio of the height of the tree to the diameter of the root neck (31.90; 0.97), the number of cones (9; 4), the number of seeds (12; 5). There is a strong positive correlation at the level of p < 0.0001 between diameter and height, a strong positive correlation between the number of cones and the number of seeds (p < 0.001), a strong positive correlation (p < 0.05) between the height of the tree and the number of cones. In the future, it is planned to evaluate the relationship of accumulated degree days, accumulated precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index with the cones and seeds number.
在选择恢复森林景观的技术时，森林种子材料的质量是一个重要的因素。为了建立一个支持森林景观适应性恢复决策的参考信息系统，需要掌握森林种子材料的类型和质量数据。现有研究一方面直接或间接地证实了种子质量对未来人工林质量的影响，另一方面证实了森林特征对种子质量和数量的影响。在大规模采伐苏格兰松种子(Pinus sylvestris L.)的条件下，通过开发永久性森林种子地，以及(或)利用现代技术分离森林种子，在不丧失遗传多样性的情况下，不仅增加发芽和种子萌发能量，而且增加幼苗的活力，以及它们对非生物因素变化的稳定性，可以保持森林种子材料的质量。实验场地(N51°50.00′;E39°22.09′，113 m ASL)显示以下值(平均;平均误差):树的高度(186.2;11.7)，树的根颈直径(5.9;0.3)，树高与根颈直径之比(31.90;0.97)，锥体数(9;4)，种子数(12);5)在p <水平上存在较强的正相关;直径与高度之间的相关性为0.0001，球果数与种子数呈正相关(p <0.001)，强正相关(p <树的高度和球果的数量之间存在0.05)。未来计划对累积度数、累积降水量、归一化植被指数与球果和种子数的关系进行评价。
{"title":"Assessment of the forest seed material quality at the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) experimental site during adaptive restoration of forest landscapes","authors":"Tatyana Novikova","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/8","url":null,"abstract":"When choosing a technology for restoring forest landscapes, the quality of forest seed material is a significant factor. To develop a reference information system to support decision-making for adaptive restoration of forest landscapes, it is necessary to have data on the types and quality of forest seed material. Existing studies directly or indirectly confirm, on the one hand, the influence of seed quality on the quality of future plantations, on the other hand, the influence of forest characteristics on the quality and quantity of seeds. Preservation of the quality of forest seed material in conditions of large-scale harvesting of Scots pine seeds (Pinus sylvestris L.) is possible with the development of permanent forest seed plots, and (or) the use of modern technologies for separating forest seeds without loss of genetic diversity and increasing not only germination and seed germination energy, but also the vitality of seedlings, their stability to the change of abiotic factors. Descriptive statistics of biometric parameters of trees and cones of Scots pine on the experimental site (N51°50.00'; E39°22.09', 113 m ASL) demonstrates the following values (average; average error): the height of the tree (186.2; 11.7), the diameter of the root neck of the tree (5.9; 0.3), the ratio of the height of the tree to the diameter of the root neck (31.90; 0.97), the number of cones (9; 4), the number of seeds (12; 5). There is a strong positive correlation at the level of p < 0.0001 between diameter and height, a strong positive correlation between the number of cones and the number of seeds (p < 0.001), a strong positive correlation (p < 0.05) between the height of the tree and the number of cones. In the future, it is planned to evaluate the relationship of accumulated degree days, accumulated precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index with the cones and seeds number.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136215872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/6
V. Gudkov, P. Sokol, Aleksandr Bozhko, T. Novikova, Siarhei U. Rabko
The study can provide decision-making support to loggers and participants in forest relations who are obliged to carry out reforestation activities to assess the factors that change the effectiveness of forestry and logging operations. The balance of production and environmental effects from the use of forest transport machines in the development of forestry is an important step in effective quality management of forest landscape restoration. The degree of compaction of the forest soil from the impact of propellers directly affects both the fuel consumption of the power plant of the forest transport machine and the ability of forest seeds of the main breed to germinate. The primary transportation of trees and their parts (whips, balances, assortments, waste residues and other waste of logging production) occupies an increasing volume in the energy balance of the timber transport machine. It is necessary to solve complex problems of choosing energy-efficient and maneuverable biaxial articulated timber transport vehicles in comparison with machines with a continuous frame for performing transport work in the conditions of a cutting area. In order to maximize the requirements for the efficient operation of machines in difficult cutting conditions, it is necessary to ensure, along with high operational properties (traction, cross-country ability, maneuverability, smooth running), a high level of technical and economic indicators. The assessment of the applicability of existing structures of forest transport vehicles was carried out by statistical methods of Ward and intergroup relations according to the criteria of soil compaction, patency, maneuvering, power circulation, traction losses, balance of weight distribution and purpose. When planning future research, it is necessary to answer a number of questions: which criterion should be used as a universal one for unambiguous selection of the type of forest transport vehicle? Is it possible to estimate the geomorphology of the future cutting area in advance with the use of unmanned aircraft systems and predict the effective trajectories of movement of articulated timber vehicles?
{"title":"BIAXIAL ARTICULATED TIMBER VEHICLES IN THE CONDITIONS OF A FELLING: ASSESSMENT OF APPLICABILITY","authors":"V. Gudkov, P. Sokol, Aleksandr Bozhko, T. Novikova, Siarhei U. Rabko","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/6","url":null,"abstract":"The study can provide decision-making support to loggers and participants in forest relations who are obliged to carry out reforestation activities to assess the factors that change the effectiveness of forestry and logging operations. The balance of production and environmental effects from the use of forest transport machines in the development of forestry is an important step in effective quality management of forest landscape restoration. The degree of compaction of the forest soil from the impact of propellers directly affects both the fuel consumption of the power plant of the forest transport machine and the ability of forest seeds of the main breed to germinate. The primary transportation of trees and their parts (whips, balances, assortments, waste residues and other waste of logging production) occupies an increasing volume in the energy balance of the timber transport machine. It is necessary to solve complex problems of choosing energy-efficient and maneuverable biaxial articulated timber transport vehicles in comparison with machines with a continuous frame for performing transport work in the conditions of a cutting area. In order to maximize the requirements for the efficient operation of machines in difficult cutting conditions, it is necessary to ensure, along with high operational properties (traction, cross-country ability, maneuverability, smooth running), a high level of technical and economic indicators. The assessment of the applicability of existing structures of forest transport vehicles was carried out by statistical methods of Ward and intergroup relations according to the criteria of soil compaction, patency, maneuvering, power circulation, traction losses, balance of weight distribution and purpose. When planning future research, it is necessary to answer a number of questions: which criterion should be used as a universal one for unambiguous selection of the type of forest transport vehicle? Is it possible to estimate the geomorphology of the future cutting area in advance with the use of unmanned aircraft systems and predict the effective trajectories of movement of articulated timber vehicles?","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81826290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/7
S. Malyukov, E. Pozdnyakov, S. Degtyareva, M. Shavkov, M. Malyukova, I. Shanin, S. Ariko
Felled and burnt areas are distinguished wide variety of soil and climatic conditions. Therefore, the choice of technological techniques and technical means of preparing the soil prior to planting forest crops depends on many factors. The composition of the former stand also has a significant influence on the choice of the method of tillage. If, after cutting clean point stands, there is an insignificant amount of soft-wooded deciduous species growth, then after cutting mixed spruce-deciduous stands, abundant growth appears on the cutting. The upper horizon of the soil turns out to be heavily filled with the roots of woody and shrubs vegetation. On freshly cutting site non stump grubbing, the frequency of encounter of the working bodies of tillage tools with stumps and roots varies quite widely, which requires studying the parameters of such obstacles. Data collection was carried out in the eLIBRARY and Scopus databases. Processing was carried out using the programs StatSoft Statistica 10 and Microsoft Excel. It was found that the height of the stumps is equal to or greater than their diameters and increases with increasing diameter for all tree species studied. With a diameter of stumps up to 24 cm, their average height is 22...27 cm, with 25...36 cm - 30...40 cm, with 61...72 cm - 70 cm. 51.8% birch stumps, 58.8% spruce and 77.1% aspen. The remaining stumps reach a height of 50 cm or more. On coppice felling, the maximum average height of stumps (29.3 cm) is observed in oak and ash. A smaller average height of stumps (21.0 cm) is observed in maple and linden. In the clearing, every tenth stump reaches a height of more than 40 cm, every fourth - more than 30 cm. In the clearing of old-growth seed oak forests, oak stumps have the highest average height (40.6 cm). Ash stumps have a slightly lower height (31.1 cm). For maple and linden, it is 22.6 cm. The height of every fifth stump is 40 ... 70 cm, every second - more than 30 cm. It is concluded that for all types of trees, the root system is horizontal at a depth of 0-30 cm. It is in this zone that tillage takes place.
{"title":"OPERATION OF SOIL-CULTIVATING IMPLEMENTS IN CONDITIONS OF NON-UPROOTED CLEARINGS IN THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA: ANALYSIS OF OBSTACLES IN THE FORM OF STUMPS AND ROOTS","authors":"S. Malyukov, E. Pozdnyakov, S. Degtyareva, M. Shavkov, M. Malyukova, I. Shanin, S. Ariko","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/7","url":null,"abstract":"Felled and burnt areas are distinguished wide variety of soil and climatic conditions. Therefore, the choice of technological techniques and technical means of preparing the soil prior to planting forest crops depends on many factors. The composition of the former stand also has a significant influence on the choice of the method of tillage. If, after cutting clean point stands, there is an insignificant amount of soft-wooded deciduous species growth, then after cutting mixed spruce-deciduous stands, abundant growth appears on the cutting. The upper horizon of the soil turns out to be heavily filled with the roots of woody and shrubs vegetation. On freshly cutting site non stump grubbing, the frequency of encounter of the working bodies of tillage tools with stumps and roots varies quite widely, which requires studying the parameters of such obstacles. Data collection was carried out in the eLIBRARY and Scopus databases. Processing was carried out using the programs StatSoft Statistica 10 and Microsoft Excel. It was found that the height of the stumps is equal to or greater than their diameters and increases with increasing diameter for all tree species studied. With a diameter of stumps up to 24 cm, their average height is 22...27 cm, with 25...36 cm - 30...40 cm, with 61...72 cm - 70 cm. 51.8% birch stumps, 58.8% spruce and 77.1% aspen. The remaining stumps reach a height of 50 cm or more. On coppice felling, the maximum average height of stumps (29.3 cm) is observed in oak and ash. A smaller average height of stumps (21.0 cm) is observed in maple and linden. In the clearing, every tenth stump reaches a height of more than 40 cm, every fourth - more than 30 cm. In the clearing of old-growth seed oak forests, oak stumps have the highest average height (40.6 cm). Ash stumps have a slightly lower height (31.1 cm). For maple and linden, it is 22.6 cm. The height of every fifth stump is 40 ... 70 cm, every second - more than 30 cm. It is concluded that for all types of trees, the root system is horizontal at a depth of 0-30 cm. It is in this zone that tillage takes place.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83586238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/1
M. Drapalyuk, A. Sivolapov, V. Bugakov, M. Razinkov
In 2022, the foresters of our country are celebrating the 140th anniversary of the scientific, pedagogical, industrial and social activities of Professor Alexander Vladimirovich Tyurin. A.V. Tyurin worked in Voronezh for 24 years, foresters note the meaningful, fruitful life of a forester, scientist, educator of youth. Created with his participation, the Voronezh Higher Forestry School gradually transformed into a large forestry university of federal significance. He was characterized by broad erudition, benevolence, a sensitive attitude towards people - this is the attractive force that attracted him to solve complex problems (his students recall). Many dozens of works capture the thoughts of a veteran of Russian forestry. The work "Fundamentals of economy in pine forests" entered the treasury of classic works on forestry; Tables of the progress of plantation growth are widely used by every practical arborist and serve as a standard for comparison in the study of the structure of stands by arborists-scientists.
{"title":"140TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTHDAY OF ALEXANDER VLADIMIROVICH TYURIN","authors":"M. Drapalyuk, A. Sivolapov, V. Bugakov, M. Razinkov","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/1","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, the foresters of our country are celebrating the 140th anniversary of the scientific, pedagogical, industrial and social activities of Professor Alexander Vladimirovich Tyurin. A.V. Tyurin worked in Voronezh for 24 years, foresters note the meaningful, fruitful life of a forester, scientist, educator of youth. Created with his participation, the Voronezh Higher Forestry School gradually transformed into a large forestry university of federal significance. He was characterized by broad erudition, benevolence, a sensitive attitude towards people - this is the attractive force that attracted him to solve complex problems (his students recall). Many dozens of works capture the thoughts of a veteran of Russian forestry. The work \"Fundamentals of economy in pine forests\" entered the treasury of classic works on forestry; Tables of the progress of plantation growth are widely used by every practical arborist and serve as a standard for comparison in the study of the structure of stands by arborists-scientists.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77134218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/5
E. Treschevskaya, E. Tikhonova, I. Golyadkina, S. Treschevskaya, K. Labokha, V. Knyazev
Various types of vegetation were tested on the dumps of the Kursk magnetic anomaly (KMA), composed of various rocks and their mixtures, with the improvement of forest growing conditions by land use and without this technique, including five types of shrubby species: sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), siberian peashrub (Caragana arborescens Lam.), golden currant (Ribes aureum Pursh.), tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica L.) and red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa L.). Growth indicators, safety and productivity of breeds were studied. Golden currant was one of the first to be tested, which turned out to be an unsuitable breed for creating protective plantings on dumps without measures to improve their forest growing conditions. On chalk-marl mixtures and quaternary loams, it completely fell out by the age of 12-15 years. Shrubs used in forest reclamation on two-component post-technogenic areas are characterized by different preservation. By the age of 43, the greatest preservation, equal to 50.5%, was noted in the sea buckthorn. It also has the highest growth rates. When choosing shrub species for forest reclamation, it is necessary to take into account their biological productivity, which increases the concentration of nutrients in the substrates and improves their physical properties. The sea buckthorn at the age of 9 has a large phytomass (2368 g), the heaviest leaf mass (396 g) and a total supply of phytomass (143.9 kg /ha) in the stand. The authors recommend using shrub species for laying preliminary crops at the initial stage of reclamation or introducing them into complex plantings in an amount of no more than 50%. Taking into account the soil-improving role of shrub species, it would be advisable to further introduce more durable tree species.
在土地利用改善森林生长条件和未采用该技术的情况下，在库斯克磁异常堆(KMA)上测试了由各种岩石及其混合组成的各种类型的植被，包括沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)、西伯利亚桃树(Caragana arborescens Lam.)、金醋栗(Ribes aureum Pursh.)、金银花(Lonicera tatarica L.)和红接骨木(Sambucus racemosa L.) 5种灌木物种。研究了品种的生长指标、安全性和生产力。金加仑是第一批被测试的品种之一，结果证明它不适合在没有采取措施改善森林生长条件的情况下在垃圾场种植保护性植物。在白垩-泥灰混合物和第四纪壤土中，它在12-15年时完全脱落。双组分后技术区森林复垦中灌木的保存特征不同。到43岁时，沙棘的保存率最高，为50.5%。它的增长率也是最高的。在选择灌木林复垦树种时，应考虑其生物生产力，提高基质中营养物质的浓度，改善其物理性能。9龄沙棘的生物量最大(2368 g)，叶重最重(396 g)，总生物量供应量为143.9 kg /ha。作者建议在复垦初期使用灌木种铺设初级作物，或将其引入复杂的种植中，数量不超过50%。考虑到灌丛的改良作用，宜进一步引进耐久树种。
{"title":"GROWTH, STATE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PERENNIAL SHRUBS ON DUMPS OF IRON-ORE MINE","authors":"E. Treschevskaya, E. Tikhonova, I. Golyadkina, S. Treschevskaya, K. Labokha, V. Knyazev","doi":"10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2022.4/5","url":null,"abstract":"Various types of vegetation were tested on the dumps of the Kursk magnetic anomaly (KMA), composed of various rocks and their mixtures, with the improvement of forest growing conditions by land use and without this technique, including five types of shrubby species: sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), siberian peashrub (Caragana arborescens Lam.), golden currant (Ribes aureum Pursh.), tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica L.) and red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa L.). Growth indicators, safety and productivity of breeds were studied. Golden currant was one of the first to be tested, which turned out to be an unsuitable breed for creating protective plantings on dumps without measures to improve their forest growing conditions. On chalk-marl mixtures and quaternary loams, it completely fell out by the age of 12-15 years. Shrubs used in forest reclamation on two-component post-technogenic areas are characterized by different preservation. By the age of 43, the greatest preservation, equal to 50.5%, was noted in the sea buckthorn. It also has the highest growth rates. When choosing shrub species for forest reclamation, it is necessary to take into account their biological productivity, which increases the concentration of nutrients in the substrates and improves their physical properties. The sea buckthorn at the age of 9 has a large phytomass (2368 g), the heaviest leaf mass (396 g) and a total supply of phytomass (143.9 kg /ha) in the stand. The authors recommend using shrub species for laying preliminary crops at the initial stage of reclamation or introducing them into complex plantings in an amount of no more than 50%. Taking into account the soil-improving role of shrub species, it would be advisable to further introduce more durable tree species.","PeriodicalId":12425,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Engineering Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81728994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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