Introduction: The application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is an important factors affecting the quality of rice, and different nitrogen-efficient rice varieties show significant differences in their response to nitrogen and phosphorus application.
Methods: In this experiment, a low-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Deyou 4727) and a high-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Jingyou 781) were selected, and the changes in rice quality and differences in starch structure under nitrogen-phosphorus interaction treatments were determined.
Results: Appearance, flavor, starch content and thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size were significantly influenced by variety, nitrogen-phosphorus interactions, and their interaction effects. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on quality was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer. The whiteness and chalkiness rates of Deyou 4727 first decreased and then increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, wheras the appearance quality of Jingyou 781 increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. Starch crystallinity in Deyou 4727 first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, whereas starch crystallinity in Jingyou 781 increased continuously with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. The application of phosphorus fertilizer led to an increase in starch crystallinity in both nitrogen-efficient rice varieties, consistent with the response of different rice varieties to nitrogen and phosphorus in terms of appearance and chalkiness. With the increasing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, the differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of starch became more significant.
Discussion: High-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can significantly improve appearance quality under high nitrogen conditions, and the interactions of medium-high nitrogen and low-medium phosphorus can lead to a significant decrease in starch thermal parameters and retention rate, thus improving rice cooking quality. Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can also improve the quality of rice under low-medium-nitrogen conditions with appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizer.
{"title":"Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on starch characteristics and quality of rice with different nitrogen efficiency.","authors":"Guotao Yang, Qin Wang, Guohao Zhang, Chunyan Jiang, Peng Ma, Yungao Hu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1462689","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1462689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is an important factors affecting the quality of rice, and different nitrogen-efficient rice varieties show significant differences in their response to nitrogen and phosphorus application.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this experiment, a low-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Deyou 4727) and a high-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Jingyou 781) were selected, and the changes in rice quality and differences in starch structure under nitrogen-phosphorus interaction treatments were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Appearance, flavor, starch content and thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size were significantly influenced by variety, nitrogen-phosphorus interactions, and their interaction effects. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on quality was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer. The whiteness and chalkiness rates of Deyou 4727 first decreased and then increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, wheras the appearance quality of Jingyou 781 increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. Starch crystallinity in Deyou 4727 first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, whereas starch crystallinity in Jingyou 781 increased continuously with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. The application of phosphorus fertilizer led to an increase in starch crystallinity in both nitrogen-efficient rice varieties, consistent with the response of different rice varieties to nitrogen and phosphorus in terms of appearance and chalkiness. With the increasing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, the differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of starch became more significant.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>High-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can significantly improve appearance quality under high nitrogen conditions, and the interactions of medium-high nitrogen and low-medium phosphorus can lead to a significant decrease in starch thermal parameters and retention rate, thus improving rice cooking quality. Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can also improve the quality of rice under low-medium-nitrogen conditions with appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Malnutrition often occurs in patients with colorectal cancer. This study aims to develop a predictive model based on GLIM criteria for patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery.
Methods: From December 2015 to May 2021, patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery at our center were recruited for this study. We prospectively collected data on GLIM-defined malnutrition and other clinicopathological characteristics. Using Cox regeneration, we developed a novel nomogram for prognostic prediction, which was validated and compared to traditional nutritional factors for predictive accuracy.
Results: Among the 983 patients enrolled in this study, malnutrition was identified in 233 (23.70%) patients. Multivariate analysis indicated that GLIM-defined malnutrition is the independent risk factor for overall survival (HR = 1.793, 95% CI = 1.390-2.313 for moderate malnutrition and HR = 3.485, 95% CI = 2.087-5.818 for severe malnutrition). The novel nomogram based on the GLIM criteria demonstrated a better performance than existing criteria, with AUC of 0.729, 0.703, and 0.683 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS, respectively, in the validation cohort. In addition, the risk score determined by this system exhibited significantly poorer short-term and long-term clinical outcomes in high-risk groups in both malnourished and well-nourished patients.
Conclusion: Combining handgrip strength, serum albumin level, and TNM stage would help improve the predictive effect of GLIM criteria for colorectal cancer patients post-radical surgery and benefit the individual prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer.
{"title":"Development and validation of a novel prognostic prediction system based on GLIM-defined malnutrition for colorectal cancer patients post-radical surgery.","authors":"Xialin Yan, Junchang Zhu, Junqi Wang, Yingjie Lu, Xingzhao Ye, Xiangwei Sun, Haojie Jiang, Zongze Li, Chenhao He, Wenbo Zhai, Qiantong Dong, Weizhe Chen, Zhen Yu, Yifei Pan, Dongdong Huang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1425317","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1425317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition often occurs in patients with colorectal cancer. This study aims to develop a predictive model based on GLIM criteria for patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From December 2015 to May 2021, patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery at our center were recruited for this study. We prospectively collected data on GLIM-defined malnutrition and other clinicopathological characteristics. Using Cox regeneration, we developed a novel nomogram for prognostic prediction, which was validated and compared to traditional nutritional factors for predictive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 983 patients enrolled in this study, malnutrition was identified in 233 (23.70%) patients. Multivariate analysis indicated that GLIM-defined malnutrition is the independent risk factor for overall survival (HR = 1.793, 95% CI = 1.390-2.313 for moderate malnutrition and HR = 3.485, 95% CI = 2.087-5.818 for severe malnutrition). The novel nomogram based on the GLIM criteria demonstrated a better performance than existing criteria, with AUC of 0.729, 0.703, and 0.683 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS, respectively, in the validation cohort. In addition, the risk score determined by this system exhibited significantly poorer short-term and long-term clinical outcomes in high-risk groups in both malnourished and well-nourished patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining handgrip strength, serum albumin level, and TNM stage would help improve the predictive effect of GLIM criteria for colorectal cancer patients post-radical surgery and benefit the individual prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1491821
Qiurong Wang, Hui Huang, Ying Yang, Xianglan Yang, Xuemei Li, Wei Zhong, Biao Wen, Feng He, Jun Li
The human gut harbors a complex and diverse microbiota essential for maintaining health. Diet is the most significant modifiable factor influencing gut microbiota composition and function, particularly through bioactive compounds like polyphenols, dietary fibers, and carotenoids found in vegetables, fruits, seafood, coffee, and green tea. These compounds regulate the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria and suppressing harmful ones, leading to the production of key microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, and tryptophan metabolites. These metabolites are crucial for gut homeostasis, influencing gut barrier function, immune responses, energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory processes, lipid digestion, and modulation of gut inflammation. This review outlines the regulatory impact of typical bioactive compounds on the gut microbiota and explores the connection between specific microbiota-derived metabolites and overall health. We discuss how dietary interventions can affect disease development and progression through mechanisms involving these metabolites. We examine the roles of bioactive compounds and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study provides new insights into disease prevention and underscores the potential of dietary modulation of the gut microbiota as a strategy for improving health.
{"title":"Reinventing gut health: leveraging dietary bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of diseases.","authors":"Qiurong Wang, Hui Huang, Ying Yang, Xianglan Yang, Xuemei Li, Wei Zhong, Biao Wen, Feng He, Jun Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1491821","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1491821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human gut harbors a complex and diverse microbiota essential for maintaining health. Diet is the most significant modifiable factor influencing gut microbiota composition and function, particularly through bioactive compounds like polyphenols, dietary fibers, and carotenoids found in vegetables, fruits, seafood, coffee, and green tea. These compounds regulate the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria and suppressing harmful ones, leading to the production of key microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, and tryptophan metabolites. These metabolites are crucial for gut homeostasis, influencing gut barrier function, immune responses, energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory processes, lipid digestion, and modulation of gut inflammation. This review outlines the regulatory impact of typical bioactive compounds on the gut microbiota and explores the connection between specific microbiota-derived metabolites and overall health. We discuss how dietary interventions can affect disease development and progression through mechanisms involving these metabolites. We examine the roles of bioactive compounds and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study provides new insights into disease prevention and underscores the potential of dietary modulation of the gut microbiota as a strategy for improving health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is usually associated with muscle wasting and diaphragm weakness, resulting in high medical costs and mortality. Adequate energy and protein intake were beneficial in sarcopenia patients. We aimed to investigate the impact of protein intake in weaning parameters in patients with PMV.
Materials and methods: We enrolled patients with PMV (mechanical ventilation ≥6 h/day for ≥21 days) from a respiratory care center (RCC) of a tertiary medical center from December 2020 to October 2022, and classified them into weaning success and weaning failure groups. The patients' characteristics, nutrition records, weaning parameters and outcomes were analyzed.
Results: A total of 289 patients were included (mean age 73.5 years). Of the 289 patients, 149 were weaned successfully and 140 were not. The average protein intake was higher in the weaning success group than in the weaning failure group (1.22 ± 0.320 versus 0.99 ± 0.332 g/kg/day, p < 0.001). No significant differences were noted in the average calorie intake and whey protein intake between the two groups. RSBI <90 breaths/min/L (OR = 2.38, p = 0.045), serum albumin at 4th week ≥3 g/dL (OR = 2.89, p = 0.027), daily protein intake ≥1.01 g/kg/day (OR = 8.10, p < 0.001), PaO2/FiO2 (PF) ratio ≥ 300 (OR = 2.56, p = 0.027) were independent predictors for weaning from ventilator. Weak positive correlations were found between average protein intake with PF ratio (r = 0.1576, p = 0.0227) and PaO2 (r = 0.13359, p = 0.0497).
Conclusion: Daily protein intake had positively correlated with PF ratio and had independently benefit for weaning in patients with PMV.
{"title":"Higher protein intake may benefit in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation.","authors":"Chiung-Hsin Chang, Chun-Yu Lin, Yu-Lun Lo, Ting-Yu Lin, Chen-Yiu Hung, Meng-Heng Hsieh, Yueh-Fu Fang, Hung-Yu Huang, Shu-Min Lin, Horng-Chyuan Lin","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1449240","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1449240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is usually associated with muscle wasting and diaphragm weakness, resulting in high medical costs and mortality. Adequate energy and protein intake were beneficial in sarcopenia patients. We aimed to investigate the impact of protein intake in weaning parameters in patients with PMV.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We enrolled patients with PMV (mechanical ventilation ≥6 h/day for ≥21 days) from a respiratory care center (RCC) of a tertiary medical center from December 2020 to October 2022, and classified them into weaning success and weaning failure groups. The patients' characteristics, nutrition records, weaning parameters and outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 289 patients were included (mean age 73.5 years). Of the 289 patients, 149 were weaned successfully and 140 were not. The average protein intake was higher in the weaning success group than in the weaning failure group (1.22 ± 0.320 versus 0.99 ± 0.332 g/kg/day, <i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant differences were noted in the average calorie intake and whey protein intake between the two groups. RSBI <90 breaths/min/L (OR = 2.38, <i>p</i> = 0.045), serum albumin at 4th week ≥3 g/dL (OR = 2.89, <i>p</i> = 0.027), daily protein intake ≥1.01 g/kg/day (OR = 8.10, <i>p</i> < 0.001), PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> (PF) ratio ≥ 300 (OR = 2.56, <i>p</i> = 0.027) were independent predictors for weaning from ventilator. Weak positive correlations were found between average protein intake with PF ratio (<i>r</i> = 0.1576, <i>p</i> = 0.0227) and PaO<sub>2</sub> (<i>r</i> = 0.13359, <i>p</i> = 0.0497).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Daily protein intake had positively correlated with PF ratio and had independently benefit for weaning in patients with PMV.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1488063
Malek Mecherques-Carini, Mario Albaladejo-Saura, Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal, Nicolás Baglietto, Francisco Esparza-Ros
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1421950.].
[此处更正了文章 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2024.1421950]。
{"title":"Corrigendum: Validity and agreement between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in the estimation of fat mass in young adults.","authors":"Malek Mecherques-Carini, Mario Albaladejo-Saura, Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal, Nicolás Baglietto, Francisco Esparza-Ros","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1488063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1488063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1421950.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the occurrence of liver fibrosis is well-established. However, the longitudinal association between body composition and liver fibrosis progression in patients with T2DM remains incompletely explored.
Methods: Total of 390 patients with T2DM underwent body composition assessments, followed by a median duration of 2.13 years. The calculated parameters included body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (TFMI), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), muscle/fat mass ratio (M/F) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass/trunk fat mass ratio (A/T). Liver fibrosis was evaluated through liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Patients were classified according to BMI and body composition, followed by a comprehensive investigation into the impact of body composition changes on liver fibrosis outcomes.
Results: Among 72 patients with incident advanced liver fibrosis at readmission, ΔBMI, ΔFMI and ΔTFMI increased, while ΔM/F and ΔA/T decreased. Individuals who kept obese had a dramatically elevated hazard of incident advanced liver fibrosis compared to those who kept non-obese, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.464. When TFMI heightened, the hazard of incident advanced liver fibrosis was 3.601 times higher compared to the decreased group. Additionally, individuals in increased ASMI and A/T groups showed a slight advantage in preventing incident advanced liver fibrosis compared to the stable groups.
Conclusion: Stable obesity was associated with a greater hazard of liver fibrosis advancement, and an increase in TFMI may promote the progression of liver fibrosis. Maintaining a balanced muscle/fat ratio appeared to help prevent the progression.
{"title":"Association between changes in body composition and progression of liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Yuxi Lin, Zhixing Liang, Xiaofang Liu, Yutian Chong","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1476467","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1476467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the occurrence of liver fibrosis is well-established. However, the longitudinal association between body composition and liver fibrosis progression in patients with T2DM remains incompletely explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total of 390 patients with T2DM underwent body composition assessments, followed by a median duration of 2.13 years. The calculated parameters included body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (TFMI), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), muscle/fat mass ratio (M/F) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass/trunk fat mass ratio (A/T). Liver fibrosis was evaluated through liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Patients were classified according to BMI and body composition, followed by a comprehensive investigation into the impact of body composition changes on liver fibrosis outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 72 patients with incident advanced liver fibrosis at readmission, ΔBMI, ΔFMI and ΔTFMI increased, while ΔM/F and ΔA/T decreased. Individuals who kept obese had a dramatically elevated hazard of incident advanced liver fibrosis compared to those who kept non-obese, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.464. When TFMI heightened, the hazard of incident advanced liver fibrosis was 3.601 times higher compared to the decreased group. Additionally, individuals in increased ASMI and A/T groups showed a slight advantage in preventing incident advanced liver fibrosis compared to the stable groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stable obesity was associated with a greater hazard of liver fibrosis advancement, and an increase in TFMI may promote the progression of liver fibrosis. Maintaining a balanced muscle/fat ratio appeared to help prevent the progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1302260
Jinxiu Wang, Tala Shi, Lanlan Xu, Yanuo Li, Wei Mi, Chunyang Wang, Peng Lu, Lingyun Li, Ziyue Liu, Zhiyong Hu
Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a significant concern in public health due to its potential association with various metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the susceptibility to hyperlipidemia among adults. Using a multi-stage sampling approach, we recruited a cohort of 2072 eligible individuals aged over 18 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured alongside glucolipid metabolic markers, and comprehensive demographic and physical data were collected. The cohort exhibited a hyperlipidemia prevalence of 42.18%, with 19.88% demonstrating vitamin D deficiency. Notably, 23.68% of individuals with vitamin D deficiency also presented hyperlipidemia. Statistical analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia among those with vitamin D deficiency compared to those with sufficient levels (23.68% vs. 17.11%, P < 0.05). After adjusting for various factors including age, geographical region, exercise status, BMI, fasting glucose level, and blood pressure, lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations were found to significantly increase the risk of hyperlipidemia (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.057, 1.885; P < 0.05). Further stratification of the hyperlipidemic cohort revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with 1.459- and 1.578-times higher risks for total cholesterol and triglyceride abnormalities, respectively, compared to those with sufficient vitamin D levels. Moreover, each 10 ng/mL decrease in serum vitamin D level corresponded to an increased risk of total cholesterol (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.728, 0.974; P < 0.05) and triglyceride abnormalities (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.678, 0.927; P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences observed between vitamin D-sufficient and-deficient groups regarding Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) abnormalities. These findings underscore the potential role of serum vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor contributing to the elevated prevalence of hyperlipidemia in the adult population.
维生素 D 缺乏症与各种代谢紊乱有潜在联系,因此已成为公共卫生领域的一个重大问题。本研究旨在调查成年人血清维生素 D 水平与高脂血症易感性之间的关系。我们采用多阶段抽样方法,招募了 2072 名符合条件的 18 岁以上人群。在测定血清 25- 羟基维生素 D [25(OH)D] 水平的同时,还测定了糖脂代谢指标,并收集了全面的人口和身体数据。结果显示,42.18%的人患有高脂血症,19.88%的人缺乏维生素 D。值得注意的是,23.68%的维生素 D 缺乏症患者同时也患有高脂血症。统计分析显示,维生素 D 缺乏者的高脂血症患病率明显高于维生素 D 水平充足者(23.68% 对 17.11%,P < 0.05)。在对年龄、地理区域、运动状况、体重指数、空腹血糖水平和血压等各种因素进行调整后,发现血清 25(OH)D 浓度较低会显著增加高脂血症的风险(Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.057, 1.885; P < 0.05)。对高脂血症人群进一步分层后发现,与维生素 D 水平充足的人群相比,维生素 D 缺乏导致总胆固醇和甘油三酯异常的风险分别高出 1.459 倍和 1.578 倍。此外,血清维生素 D 水平每降低 10 纳克/毫升,总胆固醇(OR = 0.82;95% CI:0.728,0.974;P < 0.05)和甘油三酯异常(OR = 0.79;95% CI:0.678,0.927;P < 0.05)的风险就会相应增加。然而,在低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)异常方面,维生素D充足组和维生素D缺乏组之间没有观察到明显差异。这些研究结果表明,血清维生素 D 缺乏可能是导致成人高脂血症发病率升高的一个独立风险因素。
{"title":"Correlation between hyperlipidemia and serum vitamin D levels in an adult Chinese cohort.","authors":"Jinxiu Wang, Tala Shi, Lanlan Xu, Yanuo Li, Wei Mi, Chunyang Wang, Peng Lu, Lingyun Li, Ziyue Liu, Zhiyong Hu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1302260","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1302260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a significant concern in public health due to its potential association with various metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the susceptibility to hyperlipidemia among adults. Using a multi-stage sampling approach, we recruited a cohort of 2072 eligible individuals aged over 18 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured alongside glucolipid metabolic markers, and comprehensive demographic and physical data were collected. The cohort exhibited a hyperlipidemia prevalence of 42.18%, with 19.88% demonstrating vitamin D deficiency. Notably, 23.68% of individuals with vitamin D deficiency also presented hyperlipidemia. Statistical analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia among those with vitamin D deficiency compared to those with sufficient levels (23.68% vs. 17.11%, <i>P</i> < 0.05). After adjusting for various factors including age, geographical region, exercise status, BMI, fasting glucose level, and blood pressure, lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations were found to significantly increase the risk of hyperlipidemia (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.057, 1.885; <i>P</i> < 0.05). Further stratification of the hyperlipidemic cohort revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with 1.459- and 1.578-times higher risks for total cholesterol and triglyceride abnormalities, respectively, compared to those with sufficient vitamin D levels. Moreover, each 10 ng/mL decrease in serum vitamin D level corresponded to an increased risk of total cholesterol (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.728, 0.974; <i>P</i> < 0.05) and triglyceride abnormalities (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.678, 0.927; <i>P</i> < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences observed between vitamin D-sufficient and-deficient groups regarding Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) abnormalities. These findings underscore the potential role of serum vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor contributing to the elevated prevalence of hyperlipidemia in the adult population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1467751
Zhaozhao Hui, Lina Wang, Jing Deng, Feng Liu, Liping Cheng, Yajing Li, Yuxin Tian, Le Ma, Xiaohong Liu
Background: To examine the associations of serum sodium and frailty with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 403 hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases. Serum sodium concentration was assessed by the ion-selective electrode method, frailty status was evaluated by the FRAIL scale, and MCI was determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of serum sodium and frailty with MCI.
Results: Participants with the lowest tertile of serum sodium had a higher risk of MCI than those in the middle tertile group (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.01-3.04). Below 143 mmol/L, the risk of MCI was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.03-1.84) for per 1 SD decrease in serum sodium. Compared with the robust group, frailty was significantly associated with an increased risk of MCI (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.92-8.10). Moreover, in comparison with participants with the middle tertile of serum sodium and who were robust/prefrail, those with frailty and either the lowest (OR = 5.53, 95% CI: 2.08-14.67) or the highest tertile of serum sodium (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.20-10.05) had higher risks of MCI.
Conclusion: Both lower and higher serum sodium impose a significantly higher risk for MCI in older adults with frailty. This could inform the design of clinical trials and the development of guidelines and recommendations for correcting serum sodium and frailty in hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.
{"title":"Joint association of serum sodium and frailty with mild cognitive impairment among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zhaozhao Hui, Lina Wang, Jing Deng, Feng Liu, Liping Cheng, Yajing Li, Yuxin Tian, Le Ma, Xiaohong Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1467751","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1467751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To examine the associations of serum sodium and frailty with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 403 hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases. Serum sodium concentration was assessed by the ion-selective electrode method, frailty status was evaluated by the FRAIL scale, and MCI was determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of serum sodium and frailty with MCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with the lowest tertile of serum sodium had a higher risk of MCI than those in the middle tertile group (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.01-3.04). Below 143 mmol/L, the risk of MCI was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.03-1.84) for per 1 SD decrease in serum sodium. Compared with the robust group, frailty was significantly associated with an increased risk of MCI (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.92-8.10). Moreover, in comparison with participants with the middle tertile of serum sodium and who were robust/prefrail, those with frailty and either the lowest (OR = 5.53, 95% CI: 2.08-14.67) or the highest tertile of serum sodium (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.20-10.05) had higher risks of MCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both lower and higher serum sodium impose a significantly higher risk for MCI in older adults with frailty. This could inform the design of clinical trials and the development of guidelines and recommendations for correcting serum sodium and frailty in hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1428403
Nizhou Jiang, Quanxiang Wang, Jian Jiang, Lei Li
Background: Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a complex degenerative skeletal condition, potentially influenced by micronutrients and serum metabolites in its etiology. However, the exact causal relationship between these factors and IVDD remains ambiguous.
Methods: The research employed a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (2SMR) analysis to thoroughly evaluate the causal relationship between 15 micronutrients (consisting of 7 minerals and 8 vitamins) as exposure variables, 1,091 blood metabolites, and 309 metabolite ratios as intermediary factors, and IVDD as the outcome. Additionally, reverse MR analysis and mediation analysis were carried out to validate the reliability of the results and explore the underlying mechanism by which micronutrients influence the risk of IVDD by regulating metabolites.
Results: Among the micronutrients examined, vitamin B12 exhibited a noteworthy negative correlation with the incidence of IVDD (OR: 0.752, 95% [CI]: 0.573-0.987, p = 0.040), indicating a potential reduction in IVDD risk with increased vitamin B12 consumption. Of the 1,091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios analyzed, 52 metabolites displayed significant associations with IVDD, primarily linked to amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide, and sphingolipid metabolic pathways. Mediation analysis identified 4-acetaminophen sulfate as a potential mediator in the protective effect of vitamin B12 against IVDD.
Conclusion: This study has shown that vitamin B12 may reduce the risk of IVDD and has identified 52 serum metabolites that are associated with IVDD. Furthermore, it proposes that 4-acetaminophen sulfate could serve as a potential mechanism by which vitamin B12 exerts its inhibitory effects on IVDD.
{"title":"The role of micronutrients and serum metabolites in intervertebral disk degeneration: insights from a Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis.","authors":"Nizhou Jiang, Quanxiang Wang, Jian Jiang, Lei Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1428403","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1428403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a complex degenerative skeletal condition, potentially influenced by micronutrients and serum metabolites in its etiology. However, the exact causal relationship between these factors and IVDD remains ambiguous.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research employed a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (2SMR) analysis to thoroughly evaluate the causal relationship between 15 micronutrients (consisting of 7 minerals and 8 vitamins) as exposure variables, 1,091 blood metabolites, and 309 metabolite ratios as intermediary factors, and IVDD as the outcome. Additionally, reverse MR analysis and mediation analysis were carried out to validate the reliability of the results and explore the underlying mechanism by which micronutrients influence the risk of IVDD by regulating metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the micronutrients examined, vitamin B12 exhibited a noteworthy negative correlation with the incidence of IVDD (OR: 0.752, 95% [CI]: 0.573-0.987, <i>p</i> = 0.040), indicating a potential reduction in IVDD risk with increased vitamin B12 consumption. Of the 1,091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios analyzed, 52 metabolites displayed significant associations with IVDD, primarily linked to amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide, and sphingolipid metabolic pathways. Mediation analysis identified 4-acetaminophen sulfate as a potential mediator in the protective effect of vitamin B12 against IVDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has shown that vitamin B12 may reduce the risk of IVDD and has identified 52 serum metabolites that are associated with IVDD. Furthermore, it proposes that 4-acetaminophen sulfate could serve as a potential mechanism by which vitamin B12 exerts its inhibitory effects on IVDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Ganoderma lucidum is one well known functional food resource. The triterpenes, such as Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D, as well as the sensory characteristics could reflect the quality of G. lucidum.
Methods: In order to find rapid methods to evaluate the Ganoderma lucidum from different origins, Electronic tongue and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in this paper.
Results: The Electronic tongue results combined with PCA and LDA analysis showed that the taste of different batches of G. lucidum from the same producing area was similar, but quite different from different producing areas. The overall taste of G. lucidum from Anhui was obviously different from that from Shandong and Sichuan. Meanwhile, the concentrations of two main triterpenes of G. lucidum, Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D were detected by using HPLC, and the variability of different origins were consistent with that from Electronic tongue. Moreover, the triterpenoid acids content in G. lucidum from Shandong was about 1.04 mg/g, which is the highest of the three origins, followed by Sichuan and Anhui.
Discussion: Both the Electronic tongue and HPLC could efficiently distinguish the different origins of G. lucidum from taste property or content of key triterpenes, and provide new technical support for the quality evaluation of G. lucidum.
导言:灵芝是一种众所周知的功能性食品资源。灵芝中的三萜类物质,如灵芝酸 A 和灵芝酸 D,以及感官特征可以反映灵芝的品质:方法:为了找到快速评价不同产地灵芝的方法,本文采用了电子舌法和高效液相色谱法(HPLC):电子舌结合 PCA 和 LDA 分析的结果表明,同一产地不同批次的灵芝味道相似,但不同产地的灵芝味道差异很大。安徽产银耳的总体口感与山东和四川产银耳有明显差异。同时,采用高效液相色谱法检测了灵芝的两种主要三萜类化合物灵芝酸A和灵芝酸D的浓度,不同产地的差异与电子舌的差异一致。此外,山东灵芝的三萜酸含量约为 1.04 mg/g,是三个产地中最高的,其次是四川和安徽:讨论:电子舌和高效液相色谱法均能从口感或主要三萜类化合物的含量上有效地鉴别银耳的不同产地,为银耳的质量评价提供了新的技术支持。
{"title":"Application of Electronic tongue and HPLC in rapid determination of functional triterpenes and origins of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>.","authors":"Jing Tian, Jinfeng Wei, Yuxin Liu, Changqin Li, Changyang Ma, Wenyi Kang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1446956","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1446956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> is one well known functional food resource. The triterpenes, such as Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D, as well as the sensory characteristics could reflect the quality of <i>G. lucidum</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to find rapid methods to evaluate the <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> from different origins, Electronic tongue and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in this paper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Electronic tongue results combined with PCA and LDA analysis showed that the taste of different batches of <i>G. lucidum</i> from the same producing area was similar, but quite different from different producing areas. The overall taste of <i>G. lucidum</i> from Anhui was obviously different from that from Shandong and Sichuan. Meanwhile, the concentrations of two main triterpenes of <i>G. lucidum</i>, Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D were detected by using HPLC, and the variability of different origins were consistent with that from Electronic tongue. Moreover, the triterpenoid acids content in <i>G. lucidum</i> from Shandong was about 1.04 mg/g, which is the highest of the three origins, followed by Sichuan and Anhui.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Both the Electronic tongue and HPLC could efficiently distinguish the different origins of <i>G. lucidum</i> from taste property or content of key triterpenes, and provide new technical support for the quality evaluation of <i>G. lucidum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}