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Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on starch characteristics and quality of rice with different nitrogen efficiency. 施氮和施磷对不同氮效率水稻淀粉特性和品质的影响
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1462689
Guotao Yang, Qin Wang, Guohao Zhang, Chunyan Jiang, Peng Ma, Yungao Hu

Introduction: The application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is an important factors affecting the quality of rice, and different nitrogen-efficient rice varieties show significant differences in their response to nitrogen and phosphorus application.

Methods: In this experiment, a low-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Deyou 4727) and a high-nitrogen-high efficiency variety (Jingyou 781) were selected, and the changes in rice quality and differences in starch structure under nitrogen-phosphorus interaction treatments were determined.

Results: Appearance, flavor, starch content and thermodynamic properties, endosperm cell arrangement, and starch granule morphology and size were significantly influenced by variety, nitrogen-phosphorus interactions, and their interaction effects. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on quality was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer. The whiteness and chalkiness rates of Deyou 4727 first decreased and then increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, wheras the appearance quality of Jingyou 781 increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. Starch crystallinity in Deyou 4727 first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, whereas starch crystallinity in Jingyou 781 increased continuously with increasing nitrogen fertilizer application. The application of phosphorus fertilizer led to an increase in starch crystallinity in both nitrogen-efficient rice varieties, consistent with the response of different rice varieties to nitrogen and phosphorus in terms of appearance and chalkiness. With the increasing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, the differences in the physicochemical properties and structure of starch became more significant.

Discussion: High-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can significantly improve appearance quality under high nitrogen conditions, and the interactions of medium-high nitrogen and low-medium phosphorus can lead to a significant decrease in starch thermal parameters and retention rate, thus improving rice cooking quality. Low-nitrogen-efficient rice varieties can also improve the quality of rice under low-medium-nitrogen conditions with appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizer.

引言氮、磷肥的施用是影响水稻品质的重要因素,不同氮高效水稻品种对氮、磷肥施用的反应存在显著差异:方法:本试验选择了低氮高效品种(德优 4727)和高氮高效品种(京优 781),测定了氮磷交互作用处理下稻米品质的变化和淀粉结构的差异:结果:外观、风味、淀粉含量和热力学性质、胚乳细胞排列、淀粉颗粒形态和大小受品种、氮磷交互作用及其交互作用效应的显著影响。氮肥对品质的影响大于磷肥。随着氮肥施用量的增加,德优 4727 的白度和粉化率先下降后上升,而京优 781 的外观品质则随着氮肥施用量的增加而上升。德优 4727 的淀粉结晶度随着氮肥施用量的增加先增加后减少,而京优 781 的淀粉结晶度随着氮肥施用量的增加持续增加。施用磷肥会导致这两个节氮水稻品种的淀粉结晶度增加,这与不同水稻品种在外观和垩度方面对氮和磷的反应一致。随着氮肥和磷肥施用量的增加,淀粉理化性质和结构的差异变得更加显著:高氮高效水稻品种在高氮条件下能显著改善外观品质,中高氮和低中磷的交互作用能使淀粉热参数和保留率显著降低,从而改善稻米蒸煮品质。低氮高效水稻品种在适当施用磷肥的情况下,也能改善中低氮条件下的稻米品质。
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引用次数: 0
Development and validation of a novel prognostic prediction system based on GLIM-defined malnutrition for colorectal cancer patients post-radical surgery. 基于 GLIM 定义的结直肠癌患者根治术后营养不良的新型预后预测系统的开发与验证。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1425317
Xialin Yan, Junchang Zhu, Junqi Wang, Yingjie Lu, Xingzhao Ye, Xiangwei Sun, Haojie Jiang, Zongze Li, Chenhao He, Wenbo Zhai, Qiantong Dong, Weizhe Chen, Zhen Yu, Yifei Pan, Dongdong Huang

Background: Malnutrition often occurs in patients with colorectal cancer. This study aims to develop a predictive model based on GLIM criteria for patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery.

Methods: From December 2015 to May 2021, patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery at our center were recruited for this study. We prospectively collected data on GLIM-defined malnutrition and other clinicopathological characteristics. Using Cox regeneration, we developed a novel nomogram for prognostic prediction, which was validated and compared to traditional nutritional factors for predictive accuracy.

Results: Among the 983 patients enrolled in this study, malnutrition was identified in 233 (23.70%) patients. Multivariate analysis indicated that GLIM-defined malnutrition is the independent risk factor for overall survival (HR = 1.793, 95% CI = 1.390-2.313 for moderate malnutrition and HR = 3.485, 95% CI = 2.087-5.818 for severe malnutrition). The novel nomogram based on the GLIM criteria demonstrated a better performance than existing criteria, with AUC of 0.729, 0.703, and 0.683 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS, respectively, in the validation cohort. In addition, the risk score determined by this system exhibited significantly poorer short-term and long-term clinical outcomes in high-risk groups in both malnourished and well-nourished patients.

Conclusion: Combining handgrip strength, serum albumin level, and TNM stage would help improve the predictive effect of GLIM criteria for colorectal cancer patients post-radical surgery and benefit the individual prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer.

背景:结直肠癌患者经常出现营养不良。本研究旨在根据 GLIM 标准,为接受根治性手术的结直肠癌患者建立一个预测模型:从 2015 年 12 月至 2021 年 5 月,本中心招募了接受根治术的结直肠癌患者参与本研究。我们前瞻性地收集了GLIM定义的营养不良和其他临床病理特征的数据。利用 Cox 回归法,我们开发了一种新的预后预测提名图,并对其进行了验证,同时将其与传统营养因素的预测准确性进行了比较:结果:在参与本研究的 983 例患者中,有 233 例(23.70%)患者被确定为营养不良。多变量分析表明,GLIM定义的营养不良是总生存率的独立风险因素(中度营养不良的HR=1.793,95% CI=1.390-2.313;重度营养不良的HR=3.485,95% CI=2.087-5.818)。与现有标准相比,基于 GLIM 标准的新型提名图显示出更好的性能,在验证队列中,1 年、3 年和 5 年 OS 的 AUC 分别为 0.729、0.703 和 0.683。此外,在营养不良和营养良好的高危人群中,该系统确定的风险评分显示出明显较差的短期和长期临床预后:结论:结合手握力、血清白蛋白水平和 TNM 分期有助于提高 GLIM 标准对根治术后结直肠癌患者的预测效果,并有利于结直肠癌的个体预后预测。
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引用次数: 0
Reinventing gut health: leveraging dietary bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of diseases. 重塑肠道健康:利用膳食生物活性化合物预防和治疗疾病。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1491821
Qiurong Wang, Hui Huang, Ying Yang, Xianglan Yang, Xuemei Li, Wei Zhong, Biao Wen, Feng He, Jun Li

The human gut harbors a complex and diverse microbiota essential for maintaining health. Diet is the most significant modifiable factor influencing gut microbiota composition and function, particularly through bioactive compounds like polyphenols, dietary fibers, and carotenoids found in vegetables, fruits, seafood, coffee, and green tea. These compounds regulate the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria and suppressing harmful ones, leading to the production of key microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, and tryptophan metabolites. These metabolites are crucial for gut homeostasis, influencing gut barrier function, immune responses, energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory processes, lipid digestion, and modulation of gut inflammation. This review outlines the regulatory impact of typical bioactive compounds on the gut microbiota and explores the connection between specific microbiota-derived metabolites and overall health. We discuss how dietary interventions can affect disease development and progression through mechanisms involving these metabolites. We examine the roles of bioactive compounds and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study provides new insights into disease prevention and underscores the potential of dietary modulation of the gut microbiota as a strategy for improving health.

人体肠道中蕴藏着复杂多样的微生物群,对维持健康至关重要。饮食是影响肠道微生物群组成和功能的最重要的可改变因素,特别是通过生物活性化合物,如蔬菜、水果、海产品、咖啡和绿茶中的多酚、膳食纤维和类胡萝卜素。这些化合物通过促进有益细菌和抑制有害细菌来调节肠道微生物群,从而产生关键的微生物群衍生代谢物,如短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸衍生物和色氨酸代谢物。这些代谢物对肠道平衡至关重要,影响着肠道屏障功能、免疫反应、能量代谢、抗炎过程、脂质消化以及肠道炎症的调节。本综述概述了典型生物活性化合物对肠道微生物群的调节作用,并探讨了特定微生物群衍生代谢物与整体健康之间的联系。我们将讨论饮食干预如何通过涉及这些代谢物的机制影响疾病的发生和发展。我们研究了生物活性化合物及其代谢物在预防和治疗炎症性肠病、结直肠癌、心血管疾病、肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病等疾病中的作用。这项研究为疾病预防提供了新的见解,并强调了通过饮食调节肠道微生物群作为改善健康策略的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Higher protein intake may benefit in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation. 长期机械通气患者摄入较多蛋白质可能会有好处。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1449240
Chiung-Hsin Chang, Chun-Yu Lin, Yu-Lun Lo, Ting-Yu Lin, Chen-Yiu Hung, Meng-Heng Hsieh, Yueh-Fu Fang, Hung-Yu Huang, Shu-Min Lin, Horng-Chyuan Lin

Background: Patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is usually associated with muscle wasting and diaphragm weakness, resulting in high medical costs and mortality. Adequate energy and protein intake were beneficial in sarcopenia patients. We aimed to investigate the impact of protein intake in weaning parameters in patients with PMV.

Materials and methods: We enrolled patients with PMV (mechanical ventilation ≥6 h/day for ≥21 days) from a respiratory care center (RCC) of a tertiary medical center from December 2020 to October 2022, and classified them into weaning success and weaning failure groups. The patients' characteristics, nutrition records, weaning parameters and outcomes were analyzed.

Results: A total of 289 patients were included (mean age 73.5 years). Of the 289 patients, 149 were weaned successfully and 140 were not. The average protein intake was higher in the weaning success group than in the weaning failure group (1.22 ± 0.320 versus 0.99 ± 0.332 g/kg/day, p < 0.001). No significant differences were noted in the average calorie intake and whey protein intake between the two groups. RSBI <90 breaths/min/L (OR = 2.38, p = 0.045), serum albumin at 4th week ≥3 g/dL (OR = 2.89, p = 0.027), daily protein intake ≥1.01 g/kg/day (OR = 8.10, p < 0.001), PaO2/FiO2 (PF) ratio ≥ 300 (OR = 2.56, p = 0.027) were independent predictors for weaning from ventilator. Weak positive correlations were found between average protein intake with PF ratio (r = 0.1576, p = 0.0227) and PaO2 (r = 0.13359, p = 0.0497).

Conclusion: Daily protein intake had positively correlated with PF ratio and had independently benefit for weaning in patients with PMV.

背景:长期机械通气(PMV)患者通常伴有肌肉萎缩和膈肌无力,导致高昂的医疗费用和死亡率。充足的能量和蛋白质摄入对肌肉疏松症患者有益。我们旨在研究蛋白质摄入对 PMV 患者断奶参数的影响:我们从 2020 年 12 月至 2022 年 10 月在一家三级医疗中心的呼吸护理中心(RCC)招募了 PMV 患者(机械通气≥6 小时/天且≥21 天),并将其分为断奶成功组和断奶失败组。分析了患者的特征、营养记录、断奶参数和结果:结果:共纳入 289 例患者(平均年龄 73.5 岁)。在 289 例患者中,149 例成功断奶,140 例未成功断奶。断奶成功组的平均蛋白质摄入量高于断奶失败组(1.22 ± 0.320 对 0.99 ± 0.332 克/千克/天,P = 0.045),第 4 周血清白蛋白≥3 克/分升(OR = 2.89,p = 0.027)、每日蛋白质摄入量≥1.01 克/千克/天(OR = 8.10,p 2/FiO2(PF)比值≥300(OR = 2.56,p = 0.027)是呼吸机断奶的独立预测因素。平均蛋白质摄入量与 PF 比值(r = 0.1576,p = 0.0227)和 PaO2(r = 0.13359,p = 0.0497)呈弱正相关:结论:每日蛋白质摄入量与 PF 比率呈正相关,对 PMV 患者的断奶有独立益处。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum: Validity and agreement between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in the estimation of fat mass in young adults. 更正:双能 X 射线吸收测定法、人体测量法和生物电阻抗法在估算青壮年脂肪量方面的有效性和一致性。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1488063
Malek Mecherques-Carini, Mario Albaladejo-Saura, Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal, Nicolás Baglietto, Francisco Esparza-Ros

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1421950.].

[此处更正了文章 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2024.1421950]。
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引用次数: 0
Association between changes in body composition and progression of liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2 型糖尿病患者身体成分变化与肝纤维化进展之间的关系。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1476467
Yuxi Lin, Zhixing Liang, Xiaofang Liu, Yutian Chong

Aim: The correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the occurrence of liver fibrosis is well-established. However, the longitudinal association between body composition and liver fibrosis progression in patients with T2DM remains incompletely explored.

Methods: Total of 390 patients with T2DM underwent body composition assessments, followed by a median duration of 2.13 years. The calculated parameters included body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (TFMI), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), muscle/fat mass ratio (M/F) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass/trunk fat mass ratio (A/T). Liver fibrosis was evaluated through liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Patients were classified according to BMI and body composition, followed by a comprehensive investigation into the impact of body composition changes on liver fibrosis outcomes.

Results: Among 72 patients with incident advanced liver fibrosis at readmission, ΔBMI, ΔFMI and ΔTFMI increased, while ΔM/F and ΔA/T decreased. Individuals who kept obese had a dramatically elevated hazard of incident advanced liver fibrosis compared to those who kept non-obese, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.464. When TFMI heightened, the hazard of incident advanced liver fibrosis was 3.601 times higher compared to the decreased group. Additionally, individuals in increased ASMI and A/T groups showed a slight advantage in preventing incident advanced liver fibrosis compared to the stable groups.

Conclusion: Stable obesity was associated with a greater hazard of liver fibrosis advancement, and an increase in TFMI may promote the progression of liver fibrosis. Maintaining a balanced muscle/fat ratio appeared to help prevent the progression.

目的:2型糖尿病(T2DM)与肝纤维化的发生之间的相关性已得到证实。然而,T2DM 患者的身体成分与肝纤维化进展之间的纵向联系仍未得到充分探讨:方法:共有 390 名 T2DM 患者接受了身体成分评估,中位持续时间为 2.13 年。计算参数包括体重指数(BMI)、脂肪质量指数(FMI)、躯干脂肪质量指数(TFMI)、附着骨骼肌质量指数(ASMI)、肌肉/脂肪质量比(M/F)和附着骨骼肌质量/躯干脂肪质量比(A/T)。肝纤维化通过肝脏硬度测量(LSM)进行评估。根据体重指数和身体成分对患者进行分类,然后全面调查身体成分变化对肝纤维化结果的影响:结果:在重新入院时发生晚期肝纤维化的72名患者中,ΔBMI、ΔFMI和ΔTFMI增加,而ΔM/F和ΔA/T减少。与不肥胖的人相比,持续肥胖的人发生晚期肝纤维化的风险急剧升高,调整后的几率比为 3.464。当 TFMI 增高时,发生晚期肝纤维化的风险是 TFMI 降低组的 3.601 倍。此外,与稳定组相比,ASMI和A/T增加组在预防发生晚期肝纤维化方面略有优势:结论:稳定型肥胖与肝纤维化进展的更大危险性相关,而TFMI的增加可能会促进肝纤维化的进展。保持平衡的肌肉/脂肪比例似乎有助于防止肝纤维化的进展。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation between hyperlipidemia and serum vitamin D levels in an adult Chinese cohort. 中国成年人群组中高脂血症与血清维生素 D 水平之间的相关性。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1302260
Jinxiu Wang, Tala Shi, Lanlan Xu, Yanuo Li, Wei Mi, Chunyang Wang, Peng Lu, Lingyun Li, Ziyue Liu, Zhiyong Hu

Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a significant concern in public health due to its potential association with various metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the susceptibility to hyperlipidemia among adults. Using a multi-stage sampling approach, we recruited a cohort of 2072 eligible individuals aged over 18 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were measured alongside glucolipid metabolic markers, and comprehensive demographic and physical data were collected. The cohort exhibited a hyperlipidemia prevalence of 42.18%, with 19.88% demonstrating vitamin D deficiency. Notably, 23.68% of individuals with vitamin D deficiency also presented hyperlipidemia. Statistical analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia among those with vitamin D deficiency compared to those with sufficient levels (23.68% vs. 17.11%, P < 0.05). After adjusting for various factors including age, geographical region, exercise status, BMI, fasting glucose level, and blood pressure, lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations were found to significantly increase the risk of hyperlipidemia (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.057, 1.885; P < 0.05). Further stratification of the hyperlipidemic cohort revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with 1.459- and 1.578-times higher risks for total cholesterol and triglyceride abnormalities, respectively, compared to those with sufficient vitamin D levels. Moreover, each 10 ng/mL decrease in serum vitamin D level corresponded to an increased risk of total cholesterol (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.728, 0.974; P < 0.05) and triglyceride abnormalities (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.678, 0.927; P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences observed between vitamin D-sufficient and-deficient groups regarding Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) abnormalities. These findings underscore the potential role of serum vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor contributing to the elevated prevalence of hyperlipidemia in the adult population.

维生素 D 缺乏症与各种代谢紊乱有潜在联系,因此已成为公共卫生领域的一个重大问题。本研究旨在调查成年人血清维生素 D 水平与高脂血症易感性之间的关系。我们采用多阶段抽样方法,招募了 2072 名符合条件的 18 岁以上人群。在测定血清 25- 羟基维生素 D [25(OH)D] 水平的同时,还测定了糖脂代谢指标,并收集了全面的人口和身体数据。结果显示,42.18%的人患有高脂血症,19.88%的人缺乏维生素 D。值得注意的是,23.68%的维生素 D 缺乏症患者同时也患有高脂血症。统计分析显示,维生素 D 缺乏者的高脂血症患病率明显高于维生素 D 水平充足者(23.68% 对 17.11%,P < 0.05)。在对年龄、地理区域、运动状况、体重指数、空腹血糖水平和血压等各种因素进行调整后,发现血清 25(OH)D 浓度较低会显著增加高脂血症的风险(Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.057, 1.885; P < 0.05)。对高脂血症人群进一步分层后发现,与维生素 D 水平充足的人群相比,维生素 D 缺乏导致总胆固醇和甘油三酯异常的风险分别高出 1.459 倍和 1.578 倍。此外,血清维生素 D 水平每降低 10 纳克/毫升,总胆固醇(OR = 0.82;95% CI:0.728,0.974;P < 0.05)和甘油三酯异常(OR = 0.79;95% CI:0.678,0.927;P < 0.05)的风险就会相应增加。然而,在低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)异常方面,维生素D充足组和维生素D缺乏组之间没有观察到明显差异。这些研究结果表明,血清维生素 D 缺乏可能是导致成人高脂血症发病率升高的一个独立风险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Joint association of serum sodium and frailty with mild cognitive impairment among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study. 患有慢性病的住院老年人血清钠和虚弱与轻度认知障碍的联合关联:一项横断面研究。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1467751
Zhaozhao Hui, Lina Wang, Jing Deng, Feng Liu, Liping Cheng, Yajing Li, Yuxin Tian, Le Ma, Xiaohong Liu

Background: To examine the associations of serum sodium and frailty with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 403 hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases. Serum sodium concentration was assessed by the ion-selective electrode method, frailty status was evaluated by the FRAIL scale, and MCI was determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of serum sodium and frailty with MCI.

Results: Participants with the lowest tertile of serum sodium had a higher risk of MCI than those in the middle tertile group (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.01-3.04). Below 143 mmol/L, the risk of MCI was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.03-1.84) for per 1 SD decrease in serum sodium. Compared with the robust group, frailty was significantly associated with an increased risk of MCI (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.92-8.10). Moreover, in comparison with participants with the middle tertile of serum sodium and who were robust/prefrail, those with frailty and either the lowest (OR = 5.53, 95% CI: 2.08-14.67) or the highest tertile of serum sodium (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.20-10.05) had higher risks of MCI.

Conclusion: Both lower and higher serum sodium impose a significantly higher risk for MCI in older adults with frailty. This could inform the design of clinical trials and the development of guidelines and recommendations for correcting serum sodium and frailty in hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases.

背景:研究患有慢性疾病的住院老年人血清钠和虚弱程度与轻度认知障碍(MCI)风险的关系:研究患有慢性病的住院老年人血清钠和虚弱程度与轻度认知障碍(MCI)风险的关系:方法:对 403 名患有慢性疾病的住院老年人进行了横断面研究。血清钠浓度通过离子选择电极法进行评估,虚弱状态通过 FRAIL 量表进行评估,MCI 通过蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)进行测定。多重逻辑回归模型用于估算血清钠和虚弱与 MCI 的关系:结果:血清钠最低三等分组的参与者比中间三等分组的参与者患 MCI 的风险更高(OR = 1.75,95% CI:1.01-3.04)。低于 143 mmol/L,血清钠每降低 1 SD,MCI 风险为 1.38(95% CI:1.03-1.84)。与体格健壮组相比,体弱与 MCI 风险增加显著相关(OR = 3.94,95% CI:1.92-8.10)。此外,与血清钠为中间三分位数且身体健康/体弱的参与者相比,身体虚弱且血清钠为最低三分位数(OR = 5.53,95% CI:2.08-14.67)或最高三分位数(OR = 3.48,95% CI:1.20-10.05)的参与者患 MCI 的风险更高:结论:血清钠越低和越高,体弱老年人患 MCI 的风险就越高。结论:较低和较高的血清钠都会大大增加患有虚弱症的老年人患 MCI 的风险,这将为临床试验的设计以及为纠正患有慢性疾病的住院老年人的血清钠和虚弱症制定指南和建议提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
The role of micronutrients and serum metabolites in intervertebral disk degeneration: insights from a Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis. 微量营养素和血清代谢物在椎间盘退化中的作用:孟德尔随机研究和中介分析的启示。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1428403
Nizhou Jiang, Quanxiang Wang, Jian Jiang, Lei Li

Background: Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a complex degenerative skeletal condition, potentially influenced by micronutrients and serum metabolites in its etiology. However, the exact causal relationship between these factors and IVDD remains ambiguous.

Methods: The research employed a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (2SMR) analysis to thoroughly evaluate the causal relationship between 15 micronutrients (consisting of 7 minerals and 8 vitamins) as exposure variables, 1,091 blood metabolites, and 309 metabolite ratios as intermediary factors, and IVDD as the outcome. Additionally, reverse MR analysis and mediation analysis were carried out to validate the reliability of the results and explore the underlying mechanism by which micronutrients influence the risk of IVDD by regulating metabolites.

Results: Among the micronutrients examined, vitamin B12 exhibited a noteworthy negative correlation with the incidence of IVDD (OR: 0.752, 95% [CI]: 0.573-0.987, p = 0.040), indicating a potential reduction in IVDD risk with increased vitamin B12 consumption. Of the 1,091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios analyzed, 52 metabolites displayed significant associations with IVDD, primarily linked to amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide, and sphingolipid metabolic pathways. Mediation analysis identified 4-acetaminophen sulfate as a potential mediator in the protective effect of vitamin B12 against IVDD.

Conclusion: This study has shown that vitamin B12 may reduce the risk of IVDD and has identified 52 serum metabolites that are associated with IVDD. Furthermore, it proposes that 4-acetaminophen sulfate could serve as a potential mechanism by which vitamin B12 exerts its inhibitory effects on IVDD.

背景:椎间盘退变(IVDD)是一种复杂的骨骼退行性病变,其病因可能受到微量营养素和血清代谢物的影响。然而,这些因素与 IVDD 之间的确切因果关系仍不明确:研究采用双样本孟德尔随机化(2SMR)分析法,全面评估了作为暴露变量的15种微量营养素(包括7种矿物质和8种维生素)、作为中间因素的1,091种血液代谢物和309种代谢物比值与作为结果的IVDD之间的因果关系。此外,还进行了反向MR分析和中介分析,以验证结果的可靠性,并探索微量营养素通过调节代谢物影响IVDD风险的内在机制:在所研究的微量营养素中,维生素B12与IVDD发病率呈显著负相关(OR:0.752,95% [CI]:0.573-0.987,p = 0.040),这表明随着维生素B12摄入量的增加,IVDD风险可能会降低。在分析的1,091种血液代谢物和309种代谢物比率中,52种代谢物与IVDD有显著关联,主要与氨基酸、脂肪酸、核苷酸和鞘脂代谢途径有关。中介分析发现,硫酸对乙酰氨基酚是维生素B12对IVDD保护作用的潜在中介:本研究表明,维生素 B12 可降低 IVDD 风险,并确定了 52 种与 IVDD 相关的血清代谢物。此外,该研究还提出,硫酸对乙酰氨基酚可能是维生素 B12 对 IVDD 产生抑制作用的潜在机制。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Electronic tongue and HPLC in rapid determination of functional triterpenes and origins of Ganoderma lucidum. 应用电子舌和高效液相色谱法快速测定灵芝中的功能性三萜类化合物及其来源。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1446956
Jing Tian, Jinfeng Wei, Yuxin Liu, Changqin Li, Changyang Ma, Wenyi Kang

Introduction: Ganoderma lucidum is one well known functional food resource. The triterpenes, such as Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D, as well as the sensory characteristics could reflect the quality of G. lucidum.

Methods: In order to find rapid methods to evaluate the Ganoderma lucidum from different origins, Electronic tongue and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in this paper.

Results: The Electronic tongue results combined with PCA and LDA analysis showed that the taste of different batches of G. lucidum from the same producing area was similar, but quite different from different producing areas. The overall taste of G. lucidum from Anhui was obviously different from that from Shandong and Sichuan. Meanwhile, the concentrations of two main triterpenes of G. lucidum, Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D were detected by using HPLC, and the variability of different origins were consistent with that from Electronic tongue. Moreover, the triterpenoid acids content in G. lucidum from Shandong was about 1.04 mg/g, which is the highest of the three origins, followed by Sichuan and Anhui.

Discussion: Both the Electronic tongue and HPLC could efficiently distinguish the different origins of G. lucidum from taste property or content of key triterpenes, and provide new technical support for the quality evaluation of G. lucidum.

导言:灵芝是一种众所周知的功能性食品资源。灵芝中的三萜类物质,如灵芝酸 A 和灵芝酸 D,以及感官特征可以反映灵芝的品质:方法:为了找到快速评价不同产地灵芝的方法,本文采用了电子舌法和高效液相色谱法(HPLC):电子舌结合 PCA 和 LDA 分析的结果表明,同一产地不同批次的灵芝味道相似,但不同产地的灵芝味道差异很大。安徽产银耳的总体口感与山东和四川产银耳有明显差异。同时,采用高效液相色谱法检测了灵芝的两种主要三萜类化合物灵芝酸A和灵芝酸D的浓度,不同产地的差异与电子舌的差异一致。此外,山东灵芝的三萜酸含量约为 1.04 mg/g,是三个产地中最高的,其次是四川和安徽:讨论:电子舌和高效液相色谱法均能从口感或主要三萜类化合物的含量上有效地鉴别银耳的不同产地,为银耳的质量评价提供了新的技术支持。
{"title":"Application of Electronic tongue and HPLC in rapid determination of functional triterpenes and origins of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i>.","authors":"Jing Tian, Jinfeng Wei, Yuxin Liu, Changqin Li, Changyang Ma, Wenyi Kang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1446956","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1446956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> is one well known functional food resource. The triterpenes, such as Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D, as well as the sensory characteristics could reflect the quality of <i>G. lucidum</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to find rapid methods to evaluate the <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> from different origins, Electronic tongue and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in this paper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Electronic tongue results combined with PCA and LDA analysis showed that the taste of different batches of <i>G. lucidum</i> from the same producing area was similar, but quite different from different producing areas. The overall taste of <i>G. lucidum</i> from Anhui was obviously different from that from Shandong and Sichuan. Meanwhile, the concentrations of two main triterpenes of <i>G. lucidum</i>, Ganoderic acid A and Ganoderic acid D were detected by using HPLC, and the variability of different origins were consistent with that from Electronic tongue. Moreover, the triterpenoid acids content in <i>G. lucidum</i> from Shandong was about 1.04 mg/g, which is the highest of the three origins, followed by Sichuan and Anhui.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Both the Electronic tongue and HPLC could efficiently distinguish the different origins of <i>G. lucidum</i> from taste property or content of key triterpenes, and provide new technical support for the quality evaluation of <i>G. lucidum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Frontiers in Nutrition
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