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Andrographis paniculata improves glucose regulation by enhancing insulin sensitivity and upregulating GLUT 4 expression in Wistar rats. 穿心莲通过提高 Wistar 大鼠的胰岛素敏感性和上调 GLUT 4 的表达来改善葡萄糖调节。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1416641
W A Saka, O S Oyekunle, T M Akhigbe, O O Oladipo, M B Ajayi, A T Adekola, A I Omole, R E Akhigbe

Context: Although the hypoglycaemic effect of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees [Acanthaceae] has been documented, reports on its effect in an apparently healthy state are limited.

Objective: This study investigated whether or not A. paniculata exerts hypoglycaemic effect in a non-diabetic state. It also explored the impact of A. paniculata on glycolytic enzymes and GLUT 4 protein expression, as a possible mode of action.

Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into two groups (n = 10 rats/group). The control rats were vehicle-treated (0.5 ml of distilled water), while the A. paniculata-treated rats had 500 mg/kg of A. paniculata per os once daily for 35 days.

Results: A. paniculata treatment led to improved insulin sensitivity evidenced by increased HOMA-β (88.08 ± 2.13 vs. 120.80 ± 1.52, p < 0.0001), HOMA-S (283.60 ± 8.82 vs. 300.50 ± 9.30, p = 0.0189), and reduced TyG index (4.22 ± 0.04 vs. 3.95 ± 0.07, p < 0.0002) and HOMA-IR (0.32 ± 0.01 vs. 0.25 ± 0.01, p < 0.0001) when compared with the control. It also improved glucose regulation as depicted by reduced fasting blood glucose (3.77 ± 0.10 vs. 3.24 ± 0.11, p < 0.0001) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; 7.69 ± 1.15 vs. 5.95 ± 0.82, p = 0.0245), and atherogenic dyslipidaemia, including AIP (-0.12 ± 0.03 vs. -0.26 ± 0.03, p < 0.0001) and CRI-I (2.70 ± 0.29 vs. 1.84 ± 0.27, p < 0.0001). These findings were accompanied by enhanced hepatic and muscular redox state, increased activities of glycolytic enzymes, upregulated GLUT 4 (0.80 ± 0.27 vs. 6.20 ± 0.84, p < 0.0001), and increased circulating nitric oxide (5.45 ± 0.24 vs. 6.79 ± 0.33, p = 0.0002).

Conclusion: A. paniculata exerts positive effect on glucose metabolism and utilization by improving insulin sensitivity and upregulating the activities of glycolytic enzymes and GLUT 4 protein expression. This implies that A. paniculata may be beneficial in preventing insulin resistance and incident diabetes. Nonetheless, it should be used with caution to prevent hypoglycaemia in a non-diabetic state.

背景:虽然穿心莲(Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees [Acanthaceae])有降血糖作用的记载,但有关其在明显健康状态下降血糖作用的报道却很有限:本研究调查了穿心莲在非糖尿病状态下是否具有降血糖作用。本研究还探讨了 A. paniculata 对糖酵解酶和 GLUT 4 蛋白表达的影响,以此作为一种可能的作用模式:将 20 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为两组(n = 10 只/组)。对照组大鼠接受药物治疗(0.5 毫升蒸馏水),而西洋鹅掌楸治疗组大鼠每只口服 500 毫克/千克西洋鹅掌楸,每天一次,连续 35 天:结果:茨菰治疗可改善胰岛素敏感性,表现为 HOMA-β 增加(88.08 ± 2.13 vs. 120.80 ± 1.52,p p = 0.0189)、TyG 指数降低(4.22 ± 0.04 vs. 3.95 ± 0.07,p p p = 0.0245)和致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常,包括 AIP(-0.12 ± 0.03 vs. -0.26 ± 0.03,p p p = 0.0002):结论:白花蛇舌草通过改善胰岛素敏感性、上调糖酵解酶活性和 GLUT 4 蛋白表达,对葡萄糖代谢和利用产生积极影响。这意味着A. paniculata对预防胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病可能有益。不过,在非糖尿病状态下,应谨慎使用它来预防低血糖症。
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引用次数: 0
High barley intake in non-obese individuals is associated with high natto consumption and abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut: a cross-sectional study. 非肥胖者的大麦高摄入量与纳豆的高摄入量和肠道中产生丁酸的细菌数量有关:一项横断面研究。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1434150
Satoko Maruyama, Tsubasa Matsuoka, Koji Hosomi, Jonguk Park, Haruka Murakami, Motohiko Miyachi, Hitoshi Kawashima, Kenji Mizuguchi, Toshiki Kobayashi, Tadao Ooka, Zentaro Yamagata, Jun Kunisawa

Objective: Barley, abundant in β-glucan, a soluble dietary fiber, holds promise in obesity prevention. Given the microbial metabolism of dietary fiber in the gastrointestinal tract, we investigated the role of gut microbiota in non-obese individuals consuming high levels of barley.

Methods: Our study enrolled 185 participants from "The cohort study on barley and the intestinal environment (UMIN000033479)." Comprehensive physical examinations, including blood tests, were conducted, along with separate assessments of gut microbiome profiling and dietary intake. Participants were categorized into high and low barley consumption groups based on the median intake, with non-obese individuals in the high intake group identified as barley responders while participants with obesity were designated as non-responders. We compared the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria between these groups and used multivariate analysis to assess the association between intestinal bacteria and barley responders while controlling for confounding factors.

Results and discussion: Among the fermented food choices, responders exhibited notably higher consumption of natto (fermented soybeans) than non-responders. Moreover, after adjusting for confounders, Butyricicoccus and Subdoligranulum were found to be significantly more prevalent in the intestines of responders. Given natto's inclusion of Bacillus subtilis, a glycolytic bacterium, and the butyrate-producing capabilities of Butyricicoccus and Subdoligranulum, it is hypothesized that fiber degradation and butyrate production are likely to be enhanced within the digestive tract of barley responders.

目的:大麦富含β-葡聚糖(一种可溶性膳食纤维),有望预防肥胖。鉴于膳食纤维在胃肠道中的微生物代谢,我们研究了大量食用大麦的非肥胖者肠道微生物群的作用:我们的研究从 "大麦与肠道环境队列研究(UMIN000033479)"中招募了 185 名参与者。研究人员进行了包括血液检测在内的全面体检,并对肠道微生物组图谱和饮食摄入量进行了单独评估。根据摄入量中位数将参与者分为大麦摄入量高和低两组,高摄入量组中的非肥胖者被认定为大麦应答者,而肥胖参与者被认定为非应答者。我们比较了这些组别之间肠道细菌的相对丰度,并使用多变量分析评估了肠道细菌与大麦应答者之间的关联,同时控制了混杂因素:在发酵食品选择中,应答者的纳豆(发酵大豆)消费量明显高于非应答者。此外,在对混杂因素进行调整后,发现反应者肠道中的丁酸球菌和亚多糖球菌明显更多。鉴于纳豆中含有糖酵解细菌枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),而丁酸球菌(Butyricicoccus)和亚多利根菌(Subdoligranulum)具有产生丁酸的能力,因此推测大麦应答者消化道中的纤维降解和丁酸产生可能会增强。
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引用次数: 0
Education and metabolic syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study. 教育与代谢综合征:孟德尔随机研究。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1477537
Dong Liu, Zi-Xiang Xu, Xue-Lian Liu, Hai-Ling Yang, Ling-Ling Wang, Yan Li

Aims: The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a collection of conditions that heighten the risk of disease development and impose economic burdens on patients. However, the causal relationship between education and MetS was uncertain. In this study, the Mendelian randomization (MR) method was employed to elucidate the potential causal link between education and the MetS and its components.

Method: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with education, MetS, and its components were sourced from a public database, with the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method utilized for analysis.

Results: Education demonstrated a significant negative correlation with the risk of MetS (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.48-0.63, p = 2.18E-51), waist circumference(OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.76-0.83, p = 4.98E-33), hypertension (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95-0.97; p = 4.54E-10), Fasting blood glucose (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.91-0.97, p = 7.58E-6) and triglycerides (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.79-0.87, p = 7.87E-18) while showing a positive association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.18-1.25, p = 1.45E-31).

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that education can decrease the incidence of MetS.

目的:代谢综合征(MetS)是一系列疾病的集合,会增加疾病发生的风险,并给患者带来经济负担。然而,教育与代谢综合征之间的因果关系尚不确定。本研究采用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法来阐明教育与 MetS 及其组成部分之间的潜在因果关系:方法:从公共数据库中获取与教育、MetS 及其组成部分相关的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),并采用逆方差加权法(IVW)进行分析:结果显示:教育程度与 MetS(OR = 0.55,95% CI = 0.48-0.63,p = 2.18E-51)、腰围(OR = 0.80,95% CI = 0.76-0.83,p = 4.98E-33)、高血压(OR = 0.96,95% CI = 0.95-0.97;p = 4.54E-10)、空腹血糖(OR = 0.94,95% CI = 0.91-0.97,p = 7.58E-6)和甘油三酯(OR = 0.83,95% CI = 0.79-0.87,p = 7.87E-18),而与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR = 1.22,95% CI = 1.18-1.25,p = 1.45E-31)呈正相关:本研究结果表明,教育可以降低 MetS 的发病率。
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引用次数: 0
Association between dietary patterns and the prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in China: a cross-sectional study. 中国肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者的膳食模式与预后之间的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1437521
Xun Xu, Yuwei Huang, Yue Zhu, Qingwen Jin

Background: Recently, a growing number of studies have specifically examined the impact of dietary variables on the development and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between different dietary patterns and Chinese ALS patients' prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by recruiting 590 patients with ALS who attended and were regularly followed at hospitals in Nanjing from 2016 to 2023. Nutrient intake was calculated using dietary information collected through the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and patients were divided into a control group and special diet groups, including a high-calorie group (HC), a high-protein group (HP), and a ketogenic diet group (KD), based on their specific intake. And used the Kaplan-Meier product limiting distribution to compare the time required to transition between phases of different dietary patterns and to estimate cumulative survival probabilities.

Results: Patients in the HP had a better nutritional status. And the disease progression rate (ΔFS) was significantly associated with dietary patterns, with the KD group having the lowest ΔFS. Meanwhile, special diets extended the survival time of stage 4 patients but had no effect on the overall survival of the disease.

Conclusion: A special diet can be one of effective options for patients with advanced ALS. Patients with poor nutritional status may choose the HP diet, whereas those with underlying conditions should consider the ketogenic diet with caution.

背景:最近,越来越多的研究专门探讨了膳食变量对肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(ALS)发生和发展的影响。本研究旨在探讨不同饮食模式与中国 ALS 患者预后之间的相关性:这项回顾性研究招募了590名ALS患者,他们于2016年至2023年期间在南京的医院就诊并接受定期随访。通过食物频率问卷(FFQ)收集的膳食信息计算营养素摄入量,并根据具体摄入量将患者分为对照组和特殊饮食组,包括高热量组(HC)、高蛋白组(HP)和生酮饮食组(KD)。并使用 Kaplan-Meier 乘积限制分布来比较不同饮食模式的阶段转换所需的时间,并估算累积生存概率:结果:HP患者的营养状况更好。结果显示:HP 组患者的营养状况更好,疾病进展率(ΔFS)与饮食模式有显著相关性,其中 KD 组的ΔFS 最低。同时,特殊饮食延长了第四期患者的生存时间,但对疾病的总体生存率没有影响:结论:特殊饮食是 ALS 晚期患者的有效选择之一。结论:特殊饮食是 ALS 晚期患者的有效选择之一,营养状况较差的患者可选择 HP 饮食,而有基础疾病的患者应慎重考虑生酮饮食。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of independent risk factors for hypoalbuminemia in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4: the construction of a nomogram. 识别慢性肾脏病 3 期和 4 期患者低白蛋白血症的独立风险因素:构建提名图。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1453240
Chong-Hui Wang, Meng-Han Jiang, Ji-Min Ma, Ming-Cong Yuan, Lei Liao, Hao-Zhang Duan, Dan Wang, Lian Duan

Background: Hypoalbuminemia is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with various adverse clinical events. Currently, there are few studies focused on identifying risk factors and constructing models for hypoalbuminemia in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4. This study aims to identify independent risk factors for hypoalbuminemia in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 and construct a nomogram for predicting the risk of hypoalbuminemia in these patients.

Methods: A total of 237 patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 treated at Anning First People's Hospital from January to December 2023 were included. Univariate and bidirectional stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for hypoalbuminemia in these patients. Based on the results of logistic regression analyses, a nomogram was constructed. The model performance was assessed using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.

Results: Hemoglobin, red blood cells, serum sodium, and serum calcium were identified as independent risk factors for hypoalbuminemia in these patients. The contributions of each independent risk factor to hypoalbuminemia were visualized in a nomogram. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the model was 0.819, indicating good discrimination. The calibration curves showed good agreement between predicted and observed outcomes. The decision curve analysis also verified that the model had the good clinical utility.

Conclusion: Hemoglobin, red blood cells, serum sodium, and serum calcium were identified as independent risk factors of hypoalbuminemia in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4. The nomogram exhibits good discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility, offering a reliable tool for the early prediction and identification of hypoalbuminemia in these patients.

背景:低白蛋白血症是慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者常见的并发症,与各种不良临床事件有关。目前,很少有研究侧重于识别 CKD 3 期和 4 期患者低白蛋白血症的风险因素并构建模型。本研究旨在确定 CKD 3 期和 4 期患者低白蛋白血症的独立风险因素,并构建预测这些患者低白蛋白血症风险的提名图:纳入2023年1月至12月在安宁市第一人民医院接受治疗的237例CKD 3期和4期患者。采用单变量和双向逐步多变量逻辑回归分析来确定这些患者低白蛋白血症的独立风险因素。根据逻辑回归分析的结果,构建了一个提名图。使用接收者操作特征曲线下面积、校准曲线和决策曲线分析评估了模型的性能:结果:血红蛋白、红细胞、血清钠和血清钙被确定为这些患者低白蛋白血症的独立风险因素。每个独立风险因素对低白蛋白血症的影响在提名图中可视化。该模型的接收器运算特征曲线下面积为 0.819,显示出良好的区分度。校准曲线显示预测结果与观察结果之间具有良好的一致性。决策曲线分析也验证了该模型具有良好的临床实用性:结论:血红蛋白、红细胞、血清钠和血清钙被确定为 CKD 3 期和 4 期患者低白蛋白血症的独立风险因素。该提名图具有良好的区分度、校准性和临床实用性,为早期预测和识别这些患者的低白蛋白血症提供了可靠的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of anhedonia, anxiety, and their impact on food consumption among postgraduate Qassim University students. 卡西姆大学研究生厌食症、焦虑症及其对食物消费的影响。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1445125
Sarah Alrehaili, Abeer A Afifi, Reham M Algheshairy, Taqwa Bushnaq, Talal Ali F Alharbi, Hend F Alharbi

Objectives: A prevalent symptom of many mental health issues, such as depression, is anhedonia, which is the inability to feel joy or pleasure. Tension-induced sensations, anxious thoughts, and bodily alterations are the hallmarks of anxiety. One known environmental factor that affects mental health is diet. In this implication, eating appetizing meals has been proposed to reduce unpleasant feelings like worry. This study aimed to indicate whether eating habits among postgraduate students are related to symptoms of anhedonia and/or anxiety.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, responses were collected from a total of 393 postgraduate students. Each student self-answered the General Anxiety Disorder-7, Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale for Anhedonia, and the Food Consumption Questionnaire and reported the body weight.

Results: The prevalence of anhedonia was 28%, moderate anxiety and severe anxiety were 15.7 and 10.9%, respectively. In this research, results showed that sugary foods, fast food, and fried foods were positively associated with anxiety and anhedonia. However, fruits and vegetables were negatively associated with anxiety and anhedonia. Linear regression showed that fruit and drinking water consumption was significant with the number of meals/day. There was no significance between the number of meals per day and anhedonia; however, there was statistical significance with the total GAD-7 scale score regarding the number of meals/per day.

Conclusion: Anhedonia and anxiety are associated with food consumption, especially foods rich in sugars, fast and fried, which help to increase positive feelings. Future studies should focus on understanding the relationship between food consumption and following a healthy diet and improving and reducing symptoms of anxiety and anhedonia in those who suffer from a stressful or task-filled lifestyle, such as students, especially postgraduate students. In addition, it focuses on the importance of awareness of the symptoms of anhedonia, which is classified as a depressive disease, and how to control anxiety to maintain better mental health.

目的:许多精神健康问题(如抑郁症)的一个普遍症状是失乐症,即无法感受到快乐或愉悦。紧张感、焦虑想法和身体变化是焦虑症的特征。饮食是影响心理健康的一个已知环境因素。在这种含义中,人们认为吃开胃的饭菜可以减少忧虑等不愉快的感觉。本研究旨在探讨研究生的饮食习惯是否与失神和/或焦虑症状有关:在一项横断面研究中,共收集了 393 名研究生的回答。每个学生都自我回答了 "一般焦虑症-7"、"斯奈特-汉密尔顿失乐症快乐量表 "和 "食物消耗量问卷",并报告了体重:结果:失乐症的患病率为 28%,中度焦虑和重度焦虑的患病率分别为 15.7% 和 10.9%。研究结果显示,含糖食品、快餐和油炸食品与焦虑和失乐症呈正相关。然而,水果和蔬菜与焦虑和失乐症呈负相关。线性回归结果显示,水果和饮用水的摄入量与每日进餐次数有显著关系。每日进餐次数与失乐症之间没有显著关系;但每日进餐次数与 GAD-7 量表总分之间存在统计学意义:结论:失乐症和焦虑与进食有关,尤其是富含糖类、快餐和油炸食品,这些食物有助于增加积极情绪。今后的研究应侧重于了解食物消费和健康饮食与改善和减轻学生(尤其是研究生)等生活压力大或任务繁重的人群的焦虑和失神症状之间的关系。此外,该研究还重点关注了对被归类为抑郁症的失乐症症状的认识的重要性,以及如何控制焦虑以保持更好的心理健康。
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引用次数: 0
Synergistic effect in the co-extraction of Ginseng and Schisandra protein. 人参和五味子蛋白共萃取的协同效应。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1482125
Han Zhang, Haidong Wang, Hongyan Zhou, Jialin Shi, Zhiqiang Wan, Guangzhe Li, Mingming Yan

Introduction: Ginseng and Schisandra are traditional Chinese plants that have been used in culinary practices and are renowned for their immune-boosting properties. In Chinese medicine, Ginseng and Schisandra are frequently used together as a clinical pair to mutually enhance their effect, producing a synergistic effect when consumed in combination. However, the underlying mechanism of their synergistic effect remains uncertain. Therefore, this study investigates the synergistic effect of Ginseng-Schisandra in terms of macromolecular proteins.

Methods: We used a dual-protein research methodology combined with co-extraction techniques to obtain the co-extracted protein of ginseng and Schisandra. We then compared the physicochemical and functional properties and antioxidant activities of co-extracted protein (COP), simple mixed protein (SMP), Ginseng protein (PGP), and Schisandra protein (SCP).

Results: Generally, PGP and SCP are considered as functional food with antioxidant activity. COP are composite proteins with a shared internal structure that are combined by Ginseng and Schisandra proteins, while SMP are simple mixtures of PGP and SCP. Free radical scavenging experiments indicated that COP exhibited the highest scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals (98.89%), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals (85.95%), and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS+) radicals (42.69%). In vitro, COP significantly reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while increasing intracellular levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in HepG2 cells.

Discussion: The comparative results of the macromolecular proteins reveal that COP contributes to the synergistic effect of Ginseng-Schisandra and indicate the advantages of co-extraction in protein production, suggesting the potential application of COP in the food industry.

介绍:人参和五味子是中国的传统植物,一直被用于烹饪,并以其增强免疫力的功效而闻名。在中医临床上,人参和五味子经常配伍使用,以相互促进,产生协同作用。然而,它们协同作用的内在机制仍不明确。因此,本研究从大分子蛋白质方面研究人参和五味子的协同作用:方法:我们采用双蛋白研究方法,结合共萃取技术,获得了人参和五味子的共萃取蛋白。然后比较了共萃取蛋白(COP)、简单混合蛋白(SMP)、人参蛋白(PGP)和五味子蛋白(SCP)的理化性质、功能特性和抗氧化活性:一般来说,人参蛋白和五味子蛋白被认为是具有抗氧化活性的功能性食品。COP是由人参和五味子蛋白结合而成的具有共同内部结构的复合蛋白,而SMP则是PGP和SCP的简单混合物。自由基清除实验表明,COP 对羟自由基(98.89%)、1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基(85.95%)和 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS+) 自由基(42.69%)的清除能力最强。在体外,COP 能明显减少 HepG2 细胞中活性氧(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)的积累,同时提高细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的水平:大分子蛋白质的比较结果表明,COP有助于人参-五味子的协同作用,并显示了共萃取在蛋白质生产中的优势,表明 COP 有可能应用于食品工业。
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引用次数: 0
Food service safety and hygiene factors: a longitudinal study on the Brazilian consumer perception. 餐饮服务安全与卫生因素:关于巴西消费者认知的纵向研究。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1416554
Natália Caldeira de Carvalho, Clarisse Lolli E Silva, Juliana Costa Liboredo

The objective of this study was to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of consumers toward food service safety and hygiene when purchasing ready-to-eat food. Data were collected at three time points: before (T0) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (T1 and T2). Among the 333 participants, 45.9% reported fear of contracting COVID-19 when purchasing off-site meals, and 78.4% for on-site meals in T1, compared to 21.0 and 52.0% in T2, respectively (p < 0.001). Hygiene and cleanliness of the establishment became less important for participants when selecting food services throughout the pandemic (T0: 42.6%; T1: 41.1%; T2: 0.0%; p < 0.01). Security protocols during off-site and on-site purchases were considered important by more participants in T1 (47.7 and 27.6%, respectively) than in T0 (28.8 and 9.0%, respectively), with a decrease in T2 (0 and 16.5%, respectively; p < 0.01). Regarding food delivery services, concerns about hygiene decreased in T1 (44%) compared to T0 (63.7%) but increased again in T2 (76%; p < 0.01). Precautions with the food packaging was less prevalent at least during one point in the pandemic compared to T0 (p < 0.01), while heating food before consumption was more common at the onset of the pandemic (T1) but declined by T2 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the use of cash decreased while contactless payment methods increased during the pandemic. In conclusion, different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced consumer behavior and attitudes toward purchasing ready-to-eat food.

本研究旨在调查消费者在购买即食食品时对餐饮安全和卫生的看法和态度。数据在三个时间点收集:COVID-19 流行前(T0)和流行期间(T1 和 T2)。在 333 名参与者中,45.9% 的人表示在购买场外餐饮时担心感染 COVID-19,78.4% 的人表示在购买场内餐饮时担心感染 COVID-19,而在 T1 和 T2 中,这一比例分别为 21.0% 和 52.0% (P P P P P
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引用次数: 0
Effect of tea consumption on the development of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. 饮茶对高血压、糖尿病和肥胖症发展的影响:双向双样本孟德尔随机分析。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1428445
Xueying Li, Congcong Zhang, Yihui Weng, Weiming Yu, Xianlei Cai

Background: The effect of tea consumption on conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity has attracted significant global interest. However, the results of various studies on this topic have been mixed and somewhat contentious. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationships between tea consumption and the aforementioned health conditions.

Methods: A bidirectional two-sample MR analysis was used to systematically explores the associations between tea consumption and hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. MR-Egger regression, weighted median, inverse variance weighted, and weighted mode methods were used to evaluate the potential causal associations. Leave-one-out sensitivity test was used to check the robustness of the IVW estimates.

Results: MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted tea consumption is associated with a protective effect against hypertension, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.78 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.64 to 0.95. Additionally, tea consumption appeared to have a potential protective effect on type 2 diabetes and obesity related to excessive calorie intake, influenced by specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely "rs57462170" and "rs17685." No causal link was observed between the consumption of green or herbal tea and hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. However, there was a marginal negative association between type 2 diabetes and tea consumption and (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97-1.00) and a significant negative correlation between obesity due to excessive calorie intake and green tea consumption (OR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.16-0.78).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates a protective causal relationship between the consumption of tea (including black and green teas) and reduced risk of hypertension. Furthermore, our results suggest that tea intake may also have a protective effect on type 2 diabetes and obesity. The results recommend further research to verify or refine these findings.

背景:饮茶对高血压、糖尿病和肥胖症等疾病的影响已引起全球极大关注。然而,有关这一主题的各种研究结果不一,且存在一定争议。因此,我们进行了孟德尔随机化(MR)分析,研究饮茶与上述健康状况之间的因果关系:方法:采用双向双样本 MR 分析法,系统探讨饮茶与高血压、糖尿病和肥胖之间的关联。采用MR-Egger回归法、加权中位法、逆方差加权法和加权模式法评估潜在的因果关系。为了检验IVW估计值的稳健性,采用了留空敏感性测试:磁共振分析表明,基因预测的饮茶量对高血压有保护作用,其几率比(OR)为 0.78,95% 置信区间(CI)为 0.64 至 0.95。此外,受特定单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),即 "rs57462170 "和 "rs17685 "的影响,饮茶似乎对与热量摄入过多有关的2型糖尿病和肥胖具有潜在的保护作用。在饮用绿茶或凉茶与高血压、糖尿病或肥胖之间没有发现因果关系。然而,2 型糖尿病与饮茶量之间存在微弱的负相关(OR = 0.99;95% CI:0.97-1.00),因热量摄入过多导致的肥胖与饮绿茶量之间存在显著的负相关(OR = 0.35;95% CI:0.16-0.78):本研究表明,饮用茶叶(包括红茶和绿茶)与降低高血压风险之间存在保护性因果关系。此外,我们的研究结果表明,摄入茶叶还可能对 2 型糖尿病和肥胖症有保护作用。研究结果建议开展进一步研究,以验证或完善这些发现。
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引用次数: 0
Circulating fatty acids, genetic susceptibility and hypertension: a prospective cohort study. 循环脂肪酸、遗传易感性和高血压:一项前瞻性队列研究。
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1454364
Lingling Lu, Xiaoli Gu, Daheng Yang, Bingjian Wang, Guangfeng Long

Background: Combining genetic risk factors and plasma fatty acids (FAs) can be used as an effective method of precision medicine to prevent hypertension risk.

Methods: A total of 195,250 participants in the UK Biobank cohort were included in this study from 2006-2010. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were calculated for hypertension using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Concentrations of plasma FAs, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), were tested by nuclear magnetic resonance. The Cox model was used to test for the main effects of PRS, different plasma FAs and their joint effects on hypertension. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) were used to test the additive interaction.

Results: Plasma PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs, MUFAs and SFAs were related to the risk of hypertension (PUFAs: HR, 0.878; 95% CI, 0.868-0.888; MUFAs: HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.123-1.150; SFAs: HR, 1.086; 95% CI, 1.074-1.098; n-3 PUFAs: HR, 0.984; 95% CI, 0.973-0.995). Moreover, an additive interaction was found between PRS and plasma FAs, which could contribute to an approximately 10-18% risk of hypertension, and the associations between high plasma MUFAs and a high PRS of hypertension were the strongest positive [RERI: 0.178 (95% CI: 0.062, 0.294), AP: 0.079 (95% CI: 0.027, 0.130)].

Conclusion: Increased plasma MUFAs or SFAs and decreased plasma PUFAs or n-3 PUFAs were associated with hypertension risk, especially among people at high genetic risk.

背景:将遗传风险因素与血浆脂肪酸(FAs)相结合,可作为一种有效的精准医学方法来预防高血压风险:方法:2006-2010 年间,英国生物库队列中共纳入了 195,250 名参与者。利用单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)计算了高血压的多基因风险评分(PRSs)。通过核磁共振检测了血浆脂肪酸的浓度,包括多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和饱和脂肪酸(SFA)。采用 Cox 模型检验了 PRS、不同血浆脂肪酸的主要影响以及它们对高血压的共同影响。交互作用导致的相对超额风险(RERI)和交互作用导致的可归因比例(AP)用于检验相加交互作用:结果:血浆中的 PUFAs、n-3 PUFAs、MUFAs 和 SFAs 与高血压风险有关(PUFAs:HR,0.878;95% CI,0.868-0.888;MUFAs:HR,1.13;95% CI,1.123-1.150;SFAs:HR,1.086;95% CI,1.074-1.098;n-3 PUFAs:HR,0.984;95% CI,0.973-0.995)。此外,PRS 与血浆脂肪酸之间存在叠加相互作用,可导致约 10-18% 的高血压风险,而高血浆 MUFAs 与高血压 PRS 之间的正相关性最强[RERI:0.178 (95% CI: 0.062, 0.294),AP:0.079 (95% CI: 0.027, 0.130)]:结论:血浆中 MUFAs 或 SFAs 的增加以及血浆中 PUFAs 或 n-3 PUFAs 的减少与高血压风险有关,尤其是在高遗传风险人群中。
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引用次数: 0
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Frontiers in Nutrition
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