Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1504099
Tim Benedikt von See, Jens Greinert, Thomas Meurer
Sediment plumes created by dredging or mining activities have an impact on the ecosystem in a much larger area than the mining or dredging area itself. It is therefore important and sometimes mandatory to monitor the developing plume to quantify the impact on the ecosystem including its spatial-temporal evolution. To this end, a Bayesian Optimization (BO)-based approach is proposed for plume monitoring using autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), which are used as a sensor network. Their paths are updated based on the BO, and additionally, a split-path method and the traveling salesman problem are utilized to account for the distances the AUVs have to travel and to increase the efficiency. To address the time variance of the plume, a sliding-window approach is used in the BO and the dynamics of the plume are modeled by a drift and decay rate of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration measurements. Simulation results with SPM data from a simulation of a dredge experiment in the Pacific Ocean show that the method is able to monitor the plume over space and time with good overall estimation error.
{"title":"Multi-AUV sediment plume estimation using Bayesian optimization","authors":"Tim Benedikt von See, Jens Greinert, Thomas Meurer","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1504099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1504099","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment plumes created by dredging or mining activities have an impact on the ecosystem in a much larger area than the mining or dredging area itself. It is therefore important and sometimes mandatory to monitor the developing plume to quantify the impact on the ecosystem including its spatial-temporal evolution. To this end, a Bayesian Optimization (BO)-based approach is proposed for plume monitoring using autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), which are used as a sensor network. Their paths are updated based on the BO, and additionally, a split-path method and the traveling salesman problem are utilized to account for the distances the AUVs have to travel and to increase the efficiency. To address the time variance of the plume, a sliding-window approach is used in the BO and the dynamics of the plume are modeled by a drift and decay rate of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration measurements. Simulation results with SPM data from a simulation of a dredge experiment in the Pacific Ocean show that the method is able to monitor the plume over space and time with good overall estimation error.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1503292
Yongchuang Shi, Lei Yan, Shengmao Zhang, Fenghua Tang, Shenglong Yang, Wei Fan, Haibin Han, Yang Dai
The construction of accurate and interpretable predictive model for high abundance fishing ground is conducive to better sustainable fisheries production and carbon reduction. This article used refined statistical maps to visualize the spatial and temporal patterns of catch changes based on the 2014-2021 fishery statistics of the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus fishery in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Three models (XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost) and two variable importance visualization methods (model built-in (split) and SHAP methods) were used for comparative analysis to determine the optimal modeling and visualization strategies. Results: 1) From 2014 to 2021, the annual catch showed an overall increasing trend and peaked at 220,009.063 tons in 2021; the total monthly catch increased and then decreased, with a peak of 76, 033.4944 tons (July), and the catch was mainly concentrated in the regions of 39.5°-43°N and 146.75°-155.75°E; 2) Catboost model predicted better than LightGBM and XGBoost models, with the highest values of accuracy and F1-score, 73.8% and 75.31%, respectively; 3) the overall importance ranking of the model’s built-in method differed significantly from that in the SHAP method, and the overall importance ranking of the spatial variables in the SHAP method increased. Compared to the built-in method, the SHAP method informs the magnitude and direction of the influence of each variable at the global and local levels. The results of the research help us to select the optimal model and the optimal visualization method to construct a prediction model for the Japanese sardine fishing grounds in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, which will provide a scientific basis for the Japanese sardine fishery to achieve environmental and economically sustainable fishery development.
{"title":"Revealing the effects of environmental and spatio-temporal variables on changes in Japanese sardine (Sardinops melanostictus) high abundance fishing grounds based on interpretable machine learning approach","authors":"Yongchuang Shi, Lei Yan, Shengmao Zhang, Fenghua Tang, Shenglong Yang, Wei Fan, Haibin Han, Yang Dai","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1503292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1503292","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of accurate and interpretable predictive model for high abundance fishing ground is conducive to better sustainable fisheries production and carbon reduction. This article used refined statistical maps to visualize the spatial and temporal patterns of catch changes based on the 2014-2021 fishery statistics of the Japanese sardine <jats:italic>Sardinops melanostictus</jats:italic> fishery in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Three models (XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost) and two variable importance visualization methods (model built-in (split) and SHAP methods) were used for comparative analysis to determine the optimal modeling and visualization strategies. Results: 1) From 2014 to 2021, the annual catch showed an overall increasing trend and peaked at 220,009.063 tons in 2021; the total monthly catch increased and then decreased, with a peak of 76, 033.4944 tons (July), and the catch was mainly concentrated in the regions of 39.5°-43°N and 146.75°-155.75°E; 2) Catboost model predicted better than LightGBM and XGBoost models, with the highest values of accuracy and F1-score, 73.8% and 75.31%, respectively; 3) the overall importance ranking of the model’s built-in method differed significantly from that in the SHAP method, and the overall importance ranking of the spatial variables in the SHAP method increased. Compared to the built-in method, the SHAP method informs the magnitude and direction of the influence of each variable at the global and local levels. The results of the research help us to select the optimal model and the optimal visualization method to construct a prediction model for the Japanese sardine fishing grounds in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, which will provide a scientific basis for the Japanese sardine fishery to achieve environmental and economically sustainable fishery development.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1471670
Xiaodong Ma, Lei Zhang, Weishuai Xu, Maolin Li
Mesoscale eddies exert a profound influence on oceanic temperature and salinity structures, thereby altering the ecological environment and acoustic propagation characteristics. Prior research on acoustic propagation beneath mesoscale eddy effects has predominantly concentrated on fragmented, snapshot-style analyses. In contrast, this study employs a holistic approach by integrating multi-source data to elucidate oceanic temperature and salinity structures, ultimately impacting their ecological environment and acoustic propagation. While the existing paper, this study adopts a more comprehensive and successional methodology. Through the amalgamation of multi-source data, this research introduces an innovative mesoscale eddy tracking algorithm and an enhanced Gaussian eddy model. Utilizing the BELLHOP ray theory model, this investigation scrutinizes the acoustic field characteristics of a cyclonic eddy and a typical anticyclonic eddy (CE-AE) pair exhibiting complete life cycles in the Northwest Pacific. The results reveal that the complete life cycles of mesoscale eddies substantially impact the acoustic field environment. As a CE intensifies, the convergence zone (CZ) distance diminishes, the CZ width expands, and the direct wave (DW) distance shortens. Conversely, an intensifying AE increases the CZ distance, contracts the CZ width, and prolongs the DW distance. This paper presents a quantitative analysis to delineate the critical factors influencing eddy life cycles, indicating that both eddy intensity and deformation parameters significantly affect acoustic propagation characteristics, with eddy intensity exerting a more substantial influence. This research substantially contributes to the application of sea surface altimetry data for underwater acoustic studies and provides preliminary insights into the impacts of eddy parameters on underwater acoustic propagation within typical mesoscale eddy environments. Moreover, this research offers a foundation for future investigations into the intricate relationships between eddy dynamics and acoustic propagation in oceanic systems.
{"title":"Analysis of acoustic field characteristics of mesoscale eddies throughout their complete life cycle","authors":"Xiaodong Ma, Lei Zhang, Weishuai Xu, Maolin Li","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1471670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1471670","url":null,"abstract":"Mesoscale eddies exert a profound influence on oceanic temperature and salinity structures, thereby altering the ecological environment and acoustic propagation characteristics. Prior research on acoustic propagation beneath mesoscale eddy effects has predominantly concentrated on fragmented, snapshot-style analyses. In contrast, this study employs a holistic approach by integrating multi-source data to elucidate oceanic temperature and salinity structures, ultimately impacting their ecological environment and acoustic propagation. While the existing paper, this study adopts a more comprehensive and successional methodology. Through the amalgamation of multi-source data, this research introduces an innovative mesoscale eddy tracking algorithm and an enhanced Gaussian eddy model. Utilizing the <jats:italic>BELLHOP</jats:italic> ray theory model, this investigation scrutinizes the acoustic field characteristics of a cyclonic eddy and a typical anticyclonic eddy (CE-AE) pair exhibiting complete life cycles in the Northwest Pacific. The results reveal that the complete life cycles of mesoscale eddies substantially impact the acoustic field environment. As a CE intensifies, the convergence zone (CZ) distance diminishes, the CZ width expands, and the direct wave (DW) distance shortens. Conversely, an intensifying AE increases the CZ distance, contracts the CZ width, and prolongs the DW distance. This paper presents a quantitative analysis to delineate the critical factors influencing eddy life cycles, indicating that both eddy intensity and deformation parameters significantly affect acoustic propagation characteristics, with eddy intensity exerting a more substantial influence. This research substantially contributes to the application of sea surface altimetry data for underwater acoustic studies and provides preliminary insights into the impacts of eddy parameters on underwater acoustic propagation within typical mesoscale eddy environments. Moreover, this research offers a foundation for future investigations into the intricate relationships between eddy dynamics and acoustic propagation in oceanic systems.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding seasonal variations in fish communities is important for fishery resources conservation and management in fishery economic zones. However, there are still knowledge gaps regarding to the differential responses of fish functional traits to various disturbances. Here, we sampled fish communities of 20 sites during autumn (November 2023) and spring (April 2024) in Zhoushan Fishing Ground. Taxonomic diversity (TD), functional diversity (FD), and functional redundancy (FR) were calculated to investigate the state of the fish communities and their seasonal changes. Beta diversity was calculated based on the pairwise communities of spring and autumn and decomposed into turnover and nestedness proportions, to investigate the dissimilarities of the fish communities between the two seasons and their drive mechanisms. We also applied R-mode linked to Q-mode (RLQ) and fourth-corner methods to test the relationships between fish functional traits and environmental variables (trait-environment relationships). These results showed that the mean values of taxonomic and functional beta diversities were 0.852 and 0.769, respectively, which indicate that taxonomic and functional structures of the fish communities have high dissimilarities between spring and autumn. However, the taxonomic and functional structures showed different ecological processes of seasonal changes with the former were mainly driven by species turnover (occupied 89.9% of the total dissimilarity) and the latter were driven by both functional turnover and nestedness (occupied 57.9% and 42.1% of the total dissimilarity, respectively). Species occurrence, environmental variables, and functional traits matrices were closely correlated, which mainly result from the significant trait-environmental relationships. Combining with TD, FD, and FR, we concluded that the fish communities in autumn had higher resistance to environmental changes than in spring. Our findings are accepted to serve as a basis for fishery management.
了解鱼类群落的季节变化对渔业经济区渔业资源养护和管理具有重要意义。然而，关于鱼类功能性状对各种干扰的差异反应，仍然存在知识空白。本文对舟山渔场秋季（2023年11月）和春季（2024年4月）20个地点的鱼类群落进行了采样。通过计算分类多样性（TD）、功能多样性（FD）和功能冗余度（FR）来研究鱼类群落状况及其季节变化。以春季和秋季成对群落为基础计算Beta多样性，并将其分解为周转比例和筑巢比例，探讨两季鱼类群落的差异及其驱动机制。我们还应用R-mode linked to Q-mode （RLQ）和第四角方法来测试鱼类功能性状与环境变量之间的关系（性状-环境关系）。结果表明，分类学和功能β多样性均值分别为0.852和0.769，表明春季和秋季鱼类群落的分类学和功能结构存在较大差异。但分类结构和功能结构表现出不同的季节变化生态过程，前者主要由物种更替驱动（占总不相似度的89.9%），后者由功能更替和巢性共同驱动（分别占总不相似度的57.9%和42.1%）。物种发生、环境变量和功能性状矩阵密切相关，这主要是由于显著的性状-环境关系。结合TD、FD和FR，得出秋季鱼类群落对环境变化的抵抗力高于春季的结论。我们的研究结果被接受为渔业管理的基础。
{"title":"How the fish community structure change with seasons in Zhoushan Fishing Ground, China?","authors":"Yuru Li, Chenchen Yan, Peilong Ju, Baogui Liu, Jing Wang, Chang Zhang, Wenchao Zhang, Yingbin Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1511121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1511121","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding seasonal variations in fish communities is important for fishery resources conservation and management in fishery economic zones. However, there are still knowledge gaps regarding to the differential responses of fish functional traits to various disturbances. Here, we sampled fish communities of 20 sites during autumn (November 2023) and spring (April 2024) in Zhoushan Fishing Ground. Taxonomic diversity (TD), functional diversity (FD), and functional redundancy (FR) were calculated to investigate the state of the fish communities and their seasonal changes. Beta diversity was calculated based on the pairwise communities of spring and autumn and decomposed into turnover and nestedness proportions, to investigate the dissimilarities of the fish communities between the two seasons and their drive mechanisms. We also applied R-mode linked to Q-mode (RLQ) and fourth-corner methods to test the relationships between fish functional traits and environmental variables (trait-environment relationships). These results showed that the mean values of taxonomic and functional beta diversities were 0.852 and 0.769, respectively, which indicate that taxonomic and functional structures of the fish communities have high dissimilarities between spring and autumn. However, the taxonomic and functional structures showed different ecological processes of seasonal changes with the former were mainly driven by species turnover (occupied 89.9% of the total dissimilarity) and the latter were driven by both functional turnover and nestedness (occupied 57.9% and 42.1% of the total dissimilarity, respectively). Species occurrence, environmental variables, and functional traits matrices were closely correlated, which mainly result from the significant trait-environmental relationships. Combining with TD, FD, and FR, we concluded that the fish communities in autumn had higher resistance to environmental changes than in spring. Our findings are accepted to serve as a basis for fishery management.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1431209
Mochamad Iqbal Herwata Putra, Yance Malaiholo, Achmad Sahri, Edy Setyawan, Sekar M. C. Herandarudewi, Abdy W. Hasan, Hanggar Prasetio, Nur Ismu Hidayat, Mark V. Erdmann
A comprehensive understanding of cetacean ecology is crucial for conservation and management. In 2018, Kaimana was identified as an Important Marine Mammal Area (IMMA) due to the regular presence of feeding aggregations of Australian humpback dolphins (Sousa sahulensis), Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) and Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni). Despite this, information on cetacean ecology in the Kaimana region is currently lacking. Notably, no cetacean surveys have been undertaken in Kaimana since it was officially recognized as an IMMA. We monitored food-provisioning interactions between lift-net fisheries and cetaceans from May 2021 to March 2023 to examine cetacean sightings, abundance and feeding associations. Five species were positively identified, including a new record of Killer whales (Orcinus orca). Our findings suggest a strong association between T. aduncus and lift-net fisheries, where they have been observed feeding on anchovies from outside the net in the morning. While other species were also observed, their presence was less frequent. Furthermore, year-round sightings of S. sahulensis, B. edeni, and T. aduncus during the study period indicate that these species are resident in this region. Our results suggest that Kaimana fulfills a second IMMA sub-criterion (small and resident populations of these three species) that was not previously noted in the original IMMA assessment.
{"title":"Insights into cetacean sightings, abundance, and feeding associations: observations from the boat lift net fishery in the Kaimana important marine mammal area, Indonesia","authors":"Mochamad Iqbal Herwata Putra, Yance Malaiholo, Achmad Sahri, Edy Setyawan, Sekar M. C. Herandarudewi, Abdy W. Hasan, Hanggar Prasetio, Nur Ismu Hidayat, Mark V. Erdmann","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1431209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1431209","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive understanding of cetacean ecology is crucial for conservation and management. In 2018, Kaimana was identified as an Important Marine Mammal Area (IMMA) due to the regular presence of feeding aggregations of Australian humpback dolphins (<jats:italic>Sousa sahulensis</jats:italic>), Pacific bottlenose dolphins (<jats:italic>Tursiops aduncus</jats:italic>) and Bryde's whales (<jats:italic>Balaenoptera edeni</jats:italic>). Despite this, information on cetacean ecology in the Kaimana region is currently lacking. Notably, no cetacean surveys have been undertaken in Kaimana since it was officially recognized as an IMMA. We monitored food-provisioning interactions between lift-net fisheries and cetaceans from May 2021 to March 2023 to examine cetacean sightings, abundance and feeding associations. Five species were positively identified, including a new record of Killer whales (<jats:italic>Orcinus orca</jats:italic>). Our findings suggest a strong association between <jats:italic>T. aduncus</jats:italic> and lift-net fisheries, where they have been observed feeding on anchovies from outside the net in the morning. While other species were also observed, their presence was less frequent. Furthermore, year-round sightings of <jats:italic>S. sahulensis</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. edeni</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>T. aduncus</jats:italic> during the study period indicate that these species are resident in this region. Our results suggest that Kaimana fulfills a second IMMA sub-criterion (small and resident populations of these three species) that was not previously noted in the original IMMA assessment.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As aquaculture takes on a major role in global seafood production, the industry has encountered several hurdles, notably in disease management and overharvesting in natural habitats challenges. Vaccination is a critical component of immunological preventive strategy essential for the health management of animals. Over the past two decades, vaccines have revolutionized the sector by addressing these issues while enhancing productivity and ecological balance. Advanced vaccine technologies, including DNA, recombinant, and inactivated vaccines, have demonstrated their potential to transform aquaculture and sea ranching. Innovations like the recombinant DNA vaccine for goldfish using the G protein expressed by baculovirus for spring viremia for carp and the ME-VAC Aqua Strept vaccine for tilapia highlight their ability to reduce antibiotic dependence and support greener practices. Multivalent vaccines in salmon farming further showcase their effectiveness in improving fish health and productivity. Emerging solutions such as plant-based and mucosal vaccines offer scalable, cost-effective options for immunizing large fish populations, reducing disease-related losses, and stabilizing seafood supply chains. Vaccines also improve the survival rates of hatchery-reared fish in natural habitats, supporting long-term sustainability. By integrating vaccination with selective breeding for disease resistance, aquaculture can achieve enhanced productivity and reduced environmental impact. The article highlights the impact vaccines can have on technology leap forward and research cooperation that will allow for collective mobilization to prevent aquatic disease. Not only that, this review also discusses the challenges and opportunities of using vaccines to increase fish resilience for surviving in open waters. Emphasis on the transformative role of vaccines in enabling technological advancements, fostering research collaborations, and addressing economic and environmental challenges to ensure a sustainable future for aquaculture and sea ranching have been highlighted as well. Future research directions and economic implications of widespread vaccine adoption in aquaculture are also discussed.
随着水产养殖在全球海产品生产中发挥重要作用，该行业遇到了一些障碍，特别是在疾病管理和自然栖息地过度捕捞方面的挑战。疫苗接种是动物健康管理必不可少的免疫预防战略的重要组成部分。在过去二十年中，疫苗通过解决这些问题，同时提高生产力和生态平衡，使该部门发生了革命性变化。包括DNA、重组疫苗和灭活疫苗在内的先进疫苗技术已显示出它们改变水产养殖和海洋牧场的潜力。诸如使用杆状病毒表达的G蛋白来治疗鲤鱼春季病毒血症的金鱼重组DNA疫苗和用于罗非鱼的ME-VAC Aqua Strept疫苗等创新突出了它们减少抗生素依赖和支持更环保做法的能力。鲑鱼养殖中的多价疫苗进一步显示了它们在改善鱼类健康和生产力方面的有效性。新兴的解决方案，如植物性疫苗和粘膜疫苗，为大量鱼类提供了可扩展的、具有成本效益的选择，减少了与疾病相关的损失，并稳定了海产品供应链。疫苗还可提高自然生境中孵化场饲养的鱼类的存活率，支持长期可持续性。通过将疫苗接种与抗病选择性育种相结合，水产养殖可以提高生产力并减少对环境的影响。这篇文章强调了疫苗可以对技术飞跃和研究合作产生的影响，这将使集体动员能够预防水生疾病。不仅如此，本综述还讨论了利用疫苗提高鱼类在开放水域生存能力的挑战和机遇。会议还强调了疫苗在促进技术进步、促进研究合作以及应对经济和环境挑战以确保水产养殖和海洋牧场的可持续未来方面的变革性作用。讨论了未来的研究方向和水产养殖广泛采用疫苗的经济意义。
{"title":"Sustainable aquaculture and sea ranching with the use of vaccines: a review","authors":"Alma Alfatat, Kwaku Amoah, Jia Cai, Yu Huang, Muhammad Fachri, Hagai Nsobi Lauden, Shaoliang Lyu, Xuefeng Wang, Sahya Maulu, Berchie Asiedu, Syaifiuddin Syaifiuddin","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1526425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1526425","url":null,"abstract":"As aquaculture takes on a major role in global seafood production, the industry has encountered several hurdles, notably in disease management and overharvesting in natural habitats challenges. Vaccination is a critical component of immunological preventive strategy essential for the health management of animals. Over the past two decades, vaccines have revolutionized the sector by addressing these issues while enhancing productivity and ecological balance. Advanced vaccine technologies, including DNA, recombinant, and inactivated vaccines, have demonstrated their potential to transform aquaculture and sea ranching. Innovations like the recombinant DNA vaccine for goldfish using the G protein expressed by baculovirus for spring viremia for carp and the ME-VAC Aqua Strept vaccine for tilapia highlight their ability to reduce antibiotic dependence and support greener practices. Multivalent vaccines in salmon farming further showcase their effectiveness in improving fish health and productivity. Emerging solutions such as plant-based and mucosal vaccines offer scalable, cost-effective options for immunizing large fish populations, reducing disease-related losses, and stabilizing seafood supply chains. Vaccines also improve the survival rates of hatchery-reared fish in natural habitats, supporting long-term sustainability. By integrating vaccination with selective breeding for disease resistance, aquaculture can achieve enhanced productivity and reduced environmental impact. The article highlights the impact vaccines can have on technology leap forward and research cooperation that will allow for collective mobilization to prevent aquatic disease. Not only that, this review also discusses the challenges and opportunities of using vaccines to increase fish resilience for surviving in open waters. Emphasis on the transformative role of vaccines in enabling technological advancements, fostering research collaborations, and addressing economic and environmental challenges to ensure a sustainable future for aquaculture and sea ranching have been highlighted as well. Future research directions and economic implications of widespread vaccine adoption in aquaculture are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1492238
Mohamed AlMusallami, Mark Dimech, Franklin Francis, Waleed Hamza, Aaron C. Henderson, Sabir Bin Muzaffar, Giuseppe Scarcella, Nazli Demirel, Dario Pinello
This study evaluates the stock status of Scomberomorus commerson in the southern Arabian Gulf, particularly in Abu Dhabi waters, using length-based models to address data limitations in fisheries assessments. The findings contribute critical insights into management practices using four length-based models, namely, LBI, LBB, LBSPR, and LIME, to analyze length frequency distributions from commercial catches between 2011 and 2023. The results indicate that the stock is overfished, with low proportions of mature and optimal-sized individuals and an excessive harvest of juveniles, as shown by the model estimates of F/M ratios and SPR values below target levels. From 2011 to 2019, the biomass declined sharply, but signs of recovery were evident by 2023 due to management actions, such as a gillnet ban introduced in 2019. The final-year estimates revealed a B/Bmsy ratio of 1.0 and F/M of 1.2, suggesting ongoing but reduced overfishing pressures. These outcomes underscore the importance of ongoing data-limited assessment methods in monitoring exploited stocks, providing evidence that restrictive measures have positively impacted biomass recovery. The convergence of outputs across methods, such as the indication of overfishing in S. commerson stocks, suggests that implementing multiple models enhances the robustness of management recommendations, including the enforcement of minimum size limits or reductions in fishing efforts or restriction of certain fishing methods. Overall, this study highlights the importance of using multiple models and choosing appropriate priors to improve the quality of stock assessments in data-limited fisheries.
{"title":"The stock status of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson (Lacépède, 1800) in the southern Arabian Gulf: a case study using multiple length-based assessment approaches","authors":"Mohamed AlMusallami, Mark Dimech, Franklin Francis, Waleed Hamza, Aaron C. Henderson, Sabir Bin Muzaffar, Giuseppe Scarcella, Nazli Demirel, Dario Pinello","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1492238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1492238","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the stock status of <jats:italic>Scomberomorus commerson</jats:italic> in the southern Arabian Gulf, particularly in Abu Dhabi waters, using length-based models to address data limitations in fisheries assessments. The findings contribute critical insights into management practices using four length-based models, namely, LBI, LBB, LBSPR, and LIME, to analyze length frequency distributions from commercial catches between 2011 and 2023. The results indicate that the stock is overfished, with low proportions of mature and optimal-sized individuals and an excessive harvest of juveniles, as shown by the model estimates of F/M ratios and SPR values below target levels. From 2011 to 2019, the biomass declined sharply, but signs of recovery were evident by 2023 due to management actions, such as a gillnet ban introduced in 2019. The final-year estimates revealed a B/Bmsy ratio of 1.0 and F/M of 1.2, suggesting ongoing but reduced overfishing pressures. These outcomes underscore the importance of ongoing data-limited assessment methods in monitoring exploited stocks, providing evidence that restrictive measures have positively impacted biomass recovery. The convergence of outputs across methods, such as the indication of overfishing in <jats:italic>S. commerson</jats:italic> stocks, suggests that implementing multiple models enhances the robustness of management recommendations, including the enforcement of minimum size limits or reductions in fishing efforts or restriction of certain fishing methods. Overall, this study highlights the importance of using multiple models and choosing appropriate priors to improve the quality of stock assessments in data-limited fisheries.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1512371
Bernardo A. Pepe, Viggo Van der Roest, Olivier Vlam, Sam Nouse, Erik Meesters
The effects of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) in the Dutch Caribbean, specifically in Bonaire, have not been documented since its first sighting in March 2023. By comparing the results of the 2023 surveys with data from previous surveys conducted over the past 9 years, this study quantifies the overall decline in coral cover and investigates the spatial variability of SCTLD’s impact across different subregions of the reef on the leeward side of Bonaire. In the year 2023, a crucial period in the initial phase of the progression of SCTLD, significant reduction in coral coverage was observed, with six key reef-building coral species showing significant vulnerability. Importantly, this research identifies specific subregions that have been disproportionately affected. The insights gained from this study are important for the potential development of specific conservation and restoration strategies for Bonaire, underscoring the necessity for ongoing ecosystem monitoring to safeguard the future of highly sensitive coral reefs in a changing ocean. By advancing our understanding of SCTLD dynamics, this research contributes to the global effort to preserve coral reef ecosystems in the face of emerging coral diseases.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of stony coral tissue loss disease on coral cover on Bonaire’s Leeward side","authors":"Bernardo A. Pepe, Viggo Van der Roest, Olivier Vlam, Sam Nouse, Erik Meesters","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1512371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1512371","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) in the Dutch Caribbean, specifically in Bonaire, have not been documented since its first sighting in March 2023. By comparing the results of the 2023 surveys with data from previous surveys conducted over the past 9 years, this study quantifies the overall decline in coral cover and investigates the spatial variability of SCTLD’s impact across different subregions of the reef on the leeward side of Bonaire. In the year 2023, a crucial period in the initial phase of the progression of SCTLD, significant reduction in coral coverage was observed, with six key reef-building coral species showing significant vulnerability. Importantly, this research identifies specific subregions that have been disproportionately affected. The insights gained from this study are important for the potential development of specific conservation and restoration strategies for Bonaire, underscoring the necessity for ongoing ecosystem monitoring to safeguard the future of highly sensitive coral reefs in a changing ocean. By advancing our understanding of SCTLD dynamics, this research contributes to the global effort to preserve coral reef ecosystems in the face of emerging coral diseases.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1463968
Katrina M. Pagenkopp Lohan, Ruth DiMaria, Daniel L. Martin, A. Randall Hughes, Bradley J. Peterson, Katharyn E. Boyer, John J. Stachowicz, Pablo Jorgensen, Gregory M. Ruiz, Cliff Ross
Seagrass wasting disease, caused by parasitic slime nets in the genus Labyrinthula, affects seagrasses globally with outbreaks occurring at local to regional scales. Though prior research showed variation in pathogenicity across strains, little is known about the broad-scale diversity and biogeography of Labyrinthula species. We used targeted amplicon-based high throughput sequencing (HTS) to examine the phylogeography of Labyrinthula species associated with two seagrass hosts (Zostera marina, Thalassia testudinum) collected from across North America, including locations in the USA and Mexico. After testing 189 seagrass blades from 16 locations across North America, Labyrinthula spp. were detected at 14 sites with PCR prevalence ranging from 20 - 100%. We generated 10,936,628 sequences for analyses, which yielded 25 unique Labyrinthula amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which were phylogenetically grouped into three species of Labyrinthula. All three species detected were previously identified as pathogenic, indicating that Labyrinthula species capable of causing wasting disease are present across these regions, including in locations where disease outbreaks have not been reported. The highest strain level variation was detected in Florida, which is likely due to larger sample sizes from Florida compared to other sampling locations. Assessing the phylogeography of strains was limited by sample size in each location, but indicates that the genetic connectivity of strains appears high, with location and seagrass host being the most important factors explaining the variation in Labyrinthula strains detected. The high connectivity, but low overall species diversity of Labyrinthula, is consistent with a parasite that is a host generalist. Given the high connectivity of strains and broad geographic range of pathogenic Labyrinthula reported here, this study provides valuable insight regarding how parasite diversity impacts seagrass disease.
{"title":"Phylogeography of Labyrinthula species and strains shows high connectivity and low genetic variation across seagrass hosts and geographic locations in North America","authors":"Katrina M. Pagenkopp Lohan, Ruth DiMaria, Daniel L. Martin, A. Randall Hughes, Bradley J. Peterson, Katharyn E. Boyer, John J. Stachowicz, Pablo Jorgensen, Gregory M. Ruiz, Cliff Ross","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1463968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1463968","url":null,"abstract":"Seagrass wasting disease, caused by parasitic slime nets in the genus <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic>, affects seagrasses globally with outbreaks occurring at local to regional scales. Though prior research showed variation in pathogenicity across strains, little is known about the broad-scale diversity and biogeography of <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> species. We used targeted amplicon-based high throughput sequencing (HTS) to examine the phylogeography of <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> species associated with two seagrass hosts (<jats:italic>Zostera marina</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Thalassia testudinum</jats:italic>) collected from across North America, including locations in the USA and Mexico. After testing 189 seagrass blades from 16 locations across North America, <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> spp. were detected at 14 sites with PCR prevalence ranging from 20 - 100%. We generated 10,936,628 sequences for analyses, which yielded 25 unique <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which were phylogenetically grouped into three species of <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic>. All three species detected were previously identified as pathogenic, indicating that <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> species capable of causing wasting disease are present across these regions, including in locations where disease outbreaks have not been reported. The highest strain level variation was detected in Florida, which is likely due to larger sample sizes from Florida compared to other sampling locations. Assessing the phylogeography of strains was limited by sample size in each location, but indicates that the genetic connectivity of strains appears high, with location and seagrass host being the most important factors explaining the variation in <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> strains detected. The high connectivity, but low overall species diversity of <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic>, is consistent with a parasite that is a host generalist. Given the high connectivity of strains and broad geographic range of pathogenic <jats:italic>Labyrinthula</jats:italic> reported here, this study provides valuable insight regarding how parasite diversity impacts seagrass disease.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1495373
Ingvill Tolas, Zhigang Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Tsegay Teame, Rolf Erik Olsen, Einar Ringø, Ivar Rønnestad
The importance of the gastrointestinal microbiota (GM) in health and disease is widely recognized. Although less is known in fish than in mammals, advances in molecular techniques, such as 16S rRNA sequencing, have facilitated characterization of fish GM, comprising resident autochthonous and transient allochthonous bacteria. The microbial diversity and composition are strongly influenced by diet. High-protein diets, including alternative ingredients like plant and insect proteins, modify GM, impacting beneficial bacteria e.g. Cetobacterium. Lipids affect microbial metabolism and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, while excessive carbohydrates can disrupt GM balance, causing enteritis. Dietary additives, including probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics, effectively modulate GM. Probiotics enhance immunity and growth, prebiotics support beneficial bacteria, and antibiotics, though effective against pathogens, disrupt microbial diversity and may promote antibiotic resistance. Environmental factors, such as temperature, salinity, and pollution, significantly influence GM. Elevated temperatures and salinity shifts alter microbial composition, and pollutants introduce toxins that compromise intestinal function and microbial diversity. Stress and pathogen infections further destabilize GM, often favoring pathogenic bacteria. GM communicates with the host via metabolites such as SCFAs, bile acids, and neurotransmitters, regulating appetite, energy metabolism, immunity, and neural functions. Additionally, GM influences the immune system by interacting with epithelial cells and stimulating immune responses. Despite recent advances, further research is needed to elucidate species-specific mechanisms underlying GM-host interactions, the ecological implications of GM diversity, and its applications in aquaculture to optimize fish health and performance.
{"title":"A fishy gut feeling – current knowledge on gut microbiota in teleosts","authors":"Ingvill Tolas, Zhigang Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Tsegay Teame, Rolf Erik Olsen, Einar Ringø, Ivar Rønnestad","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2024.1495373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1495373","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of the gastrointestinal microbiota (GM) in health and disease is widely recognized. Although less is known in fish than in mammals, advances in molecular techniques, such as 16S rRNA sequencing, have facilitated characterization of fish GM, comprising resident autochthonous and transient allochthonous bacteria. The microbial diversity and composition are strongly influenced by diet. High-protein diets, including alternative ingredients like plant and insect proteins, modify GM, impacting beneficial bacteria e.g. <jats:italic>Cetobacterium</jats:italic>. Lipids affect microbial metabolism and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, while excessive carbohydrates can disrupt GM balance, causing enteritis. Dietary additives, including probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics, effectively modulate GM. Probiotics enhance immunity and growth, prebiotics support beneficial bacteria, and antibiotics, though effective against pathogens, disrupt microbial diversity and may promote antibiotic resistance. Environmental factors, such as temperature, salinity, and pollution, significantly influence GM. Elevated temperatures and salinity shifts alter microbial composition, and pollutants introduce toxins that compromise intestinal function and microbial diversity. Stress and pathogen infections further destabilize GM, often favoring pathogenic bacteria. GM communicates with the host via metabolites such as SCFAs, bile acids, and neurotransmitters, regulating appetite, energy metabolism, immunity, and neural functions. Additionally, GM influences the immune system by interacting with epithelial cells and stimulating immune responses. Despite recent advances, further research is needed to elucidate species-specific mechanisms underlying GM-host interactions, the ecological implications of GM diversity, and its applications in aquaculture to optimize fish health and performance.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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