Arman Shafiee, Mohammad Mobin Teymouri Athar, Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
This editorial examines what has caused the evidence around ivermectin to be so controversial, provides a brief analysis of recently published evidence, and highlights why it is important to learn lessons from ivermectin for future re-purposed drugs.
{"title":"A twisting tale of misinformation: should ivermectin be approved as a treatment for COVID-19 disease?","authors":"Arman Shafiee, Mohammad Mobin Teymouri Athar, Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial examines what has caused the evidence around ivermectin to be so controversial, provides a brief analysis of recently published evidence, and highlights why it is important to learn lessons from ivermectin for future re-purposed drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10005062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9465281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alireza Zafarani, Mohammad Hossein Razizadeh, Salar Pashangzadeh, Mohammad Reza Amirzargar, Mahsa Taghavi-Farahabadi, Mohammad Mahmoudi
Natural killer (NK) cells are among the most important innate immunity members, which are the first cells that fight against infected cells. The function of these cells is impaired in patients with COVID-19 and they are not able to prevent the spread of the disease or destroy the infected cells. Few studies have evaluated the effects of COVID-19 vaccines on NK cells, though it has been demonstrated that DNA vaccines and BNT162b2 can affect NK cell response. In the present paper, the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the NK cells during infection, the effect of vaccination on NK cells, and the NK cell-based therapies were reviewed.
{"title":"Natural killer cells in COVID-19: from infection, to vaccination and therapy.","authors":"Alireza Zafarani, Mohammad Hossein Razizadeh, Salar Pashangzadeh, Mohammad Reza Amirzargar, Mahsa Taghavi-Farahabadi, Mohammad Mahmoudi","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0040","url":null,"abstract":"Natural killer (NK) cells are among the most important innate immunity members, which are the first cells that fight against infected cells. The function of these cells is impaired in patients with COVID-19 and they are not able to prevent the spread of the disease or destroy the infected cells. Few studies have evaluated the effects of COVID-19 vaccines on NK cells, though it has been demonstrated that DNA vaccines and BNT162b2 can affect NK cell response. In the present paper, the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the NK cells during infection, the effect of vaccination on NK cells, and the NK cell-based therapies were reviewed.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10013930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9186944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor binding domain and N-terminal domain interact with each other in an intricate mechanism. Mutations modulate the interplay between the Spike and host molecules. This editorial comments on the intricacies of SARS-CoV-2 Spike interactions.
{"title":"Two sides of the same coin: the N-terminal and the receptor binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 Spike.","authors":"Massimo Ciccozzi, Stefano Pascarella","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor binding domain and N-terminal domain interact with each other in an intricate mechanism. Mutations modulate the interplay between the Spike and host molecules. This editorial comments on the intricacies of SARS-CoV-2 Spike interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9987531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9438255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Frenck, N. Klein, N. Kitchin, A. Gurtman, J. Absalon, S. Lockhart, John L. Perez, E. Walter, S. Senders, R. Bailey, K. Swanson, Hua Ma, Xia Xu, K. Koury, W. Kalina, D. Cooper, Timothy W Jennings, Donald M Brandon, Stephen J. Thomas, Ö. Türeci, D. Tresnan, S. Mather, P. Dormitzer, U. Şahin, K. Jansen, W. Gruber
This is a summary of an article about part of a clinical study for the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine, also called the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. The article was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in May 2021. This summary describes how the vaccine worked in participants 12- to 15-years old. The part of the study described in the article is ongoing and expected to finish March 2023. This means that the final results may be different from the results included in this summary. The part of the study described in this summary included participants 12- to 15-years old who had no serious health issues. The BNT162b2 vaccine had already been studied in participants 16 years of age or older. In this part of the study, the researchers wanted to find out: How effective and safe the vaccine was in participants 12- to 15-years old. What the immune response to the vaccine and the vaccine safety were like in 12- to 15-year-olds compared with 16- to 25-year-olds. How well the vaccine prevented SARS-CoV-2 infections in participants who received the vaccine compared to those who did not. This is also called efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine Half of the participants in this study received 2 injections of the BNT162b2 vaccine and half received 2 injections of a placebo in a muscle of the upper arm. The placebo looked like the BNT162b2 vaccine but did not have any active vaccine in it. BNT162b2 had a favorable safety profile. The most common reactions were pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headache. None of the participants had serious reactions to the vaccine. The 12- to 15-year-old participants' immune system responses to the BNT162b2 vaccine were as good as or stronger than the 16- to 25-year-old participants' immune responses. The participants who received the BNT162b2 vaccine were less likely to get COVID-19 compared with the participants who got the placebo. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04368728 ( ClinicalTrials.gov )
{"title":"Plain language summary of Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine protection against COVID-19 and its safety in participants 12- to 15-years-old","authors":"R. Frenck, N. Klein, N. Kitchin, A. Gurtman, J. Absalon, S. Lockhart, John L. Perez, E. Walter, S. Senders, R. Bailey, K. Swanson, Hua Ma, Xia Xu, K. Koury, W. Kalina, D. Cooper, Timothy W Jennings, Donald M Brandon, Stephen J. Thomas, Ö. Türeci, D. Tresnan, S. Mather, P. Dormitzer, U. Şahin, K. Jansen, W. Gruber","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0169","url":null,"abstract":"This is a summary of an article about part of a clinical study for the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine, also called the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. The article was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in May 2021. This summary describes how the vaccine worked in participants 12- to 15-years old. The part of the study described in the article is ongoing and expected to finish March 2023. This means that the final results may be different from the results included in this summary. The part of the study described in this summary included participants 12- to 15-years old who had no serious health issues. The BNT162b2 vaccine had already been studied in participants 16 years of age or older. In this part of the study, the researchers wanted to find out: How effective and safe the vaccine was in participants 12- to 15-years old. What the immune response to the vaccine and the vaccine safety were like in 12- to 15-year-olds compared with 16- to 25-year-olds. How well the vaccine prevented SARS-CoV-2 infections in participants who received the vaccine compared to those who did not. This is also called efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine Half of the participants in this study received 2 injections of the BNT162b2 vaccine and half received 2 injections of a placebo in a muscle of the upper arm. The placebo looked like the BNT162b2 vaccine but did not have any active vaccine in it. BNT162b2 had a favorable safety profile. The most common reactions were pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headache. None of the participants had serious reactions to the vaccine. The 12- to 15-year-old participants' immune system responses to the BNT162b2 vaccine were as good as or stronger than the 16- to 25-year-old participants' immune responses. The participants who received the BNT162b2 vaccine were less likely to get COVID-19 compared with the participants who got the placebo. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04368728 ( ClinicalTrials.gov )","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45278093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Barjaktarović, J. Maletić, N. Vučinić, A. Milutinović, M. Grujicic, V. Čabarkapa
Aim: To evaluate the significance of E gene analysis in addition to N and RdRp genes of SARS-CoV-2, and to compare the specificity and sensitivity of targets. Materials & methods: We used two reverse transcription-PCR assays: one targeting N, E and RdRp and the other targeting N and RdRp genes and analyzed variation in threshold cycle (Ct) values. Results: Of the 155 samples, 70.32% tested positive: all three genes were detected in 45.87%, N and RdRp in 19.27% and only N in 34.86%. Patients negative for the E gene were tested after symptoms disappeared and Ct values were significantly higher. Conclusion: Samples negative for the E gene were potentially false positive and clinical conditions should be assessed while interpreting results.
{"title":"Diagnosing COVID-19: diagnostic importance of detecting E gene of the SARS-CoV-2 genome","authors":"I. Barjaktarović, J. Maletić, N. Vučinić, A. Milutinović, M. Grujicic, V. Čabarkapa","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2021-0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2021-0330","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the significance of E gene analysis in addition to N and RdRp genes of SARS-CoV-2, and to compare the specificity and sensitivity of targets. Materials & methods: We used two reverse transcription-PCR assays: one targeting N, E and RdRp and the other targeting N and RdRp genes and analyzed variation in threshold cycle (Ct) values. Results: Of the 155 samples, 70.32% tested positive: all three genes were detected in 45.87%, N and RdRp in 19.27% and only N in 34.86%. Patients negative for the E gene were tested after symptoms disappeared and Ct values were significantly higher. Conclusion: Samples negative for the E gene were potentially false positive and clinical conditions should be assessed while interpreting results.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48689788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Yaseri, Seyyedeh Sahereh Mortazavi Khatibani, Elahe Ghorbani Totkaboni, H. S. Fayazi
Aim: We aimed to investigate the associated risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) among COVID-19 patients. Materials & methods: In this cross-sectional study the demographical data and clinical characteristics of 382 COVID-19 patients were collected and analyzed. Results: The DVT was observed in 53 patients (14.1%). The rate of death was significantly associated with the incidence of DVT, 48.1 versus 32.2% in non-DVT cases; p = 0.034). Also, BMI (p = 0.0001), renal failure (p = 0.001), lower-limb edema (p = 0.0001) and intubation (p = 0.004) were associated with the risk of DVT. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with a higher BMI, renal failure, lower-limb edema and need for intubation were at a higher risk of DVT.
{"title":"The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis and associated risk factors among patients with COVID-19 in the North of Iran","authors":"M. Yaseri, Seyyedeh Sahereh Mortazavi Khatibani, Elahe Ghorbani Totkaboni, H. S. Fayazi","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0055","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: We aimed to investigate the associated risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) among COVID-19 patients. Materials & methods: In this cross-sectional study the demographical data and clinical characteristics of 382 COVID-19 patients were collected and analyzed. Results: The DVT was observed in 53 patients (14.1%). The rate of death was significantly associated with the incidence of DVT, 48.1 versus 32.2% in non-DVT cases; p = 0.034). Also, BMI (p = 0.0001), renal failure (p = 0.001), lower-limb edema (p = 0.0001) and intubation (p = 0.004) were associated with the risk of DVT. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with a higher BMI, renal failure, lower-limb edema and need for intubation were at a higher risk of DVT.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45361179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The catastrophic impacts of these infections highlight the necessity of strengthening one health approach-based disease surveillance system
{"title":"Is the emergence of the zoonotic Langya virus amidst COVID-19 and monkeypox a cause for concern?","authors":"Chandan Kumar Thakur, Jog Bahadur Adhikari, Nitin Gupta, Prakash Ghimire, Meghnath Dhimal","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0175","url":null,"abstract":"The catastrophic impacts of these infections highlight the necessity of strengthening one health approach-based disease surveillance system","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9969665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10826946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-02-20DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0058
William Lemieux, Josée Perreault, Gabriel André Leiva-Torres, Nadia Baillargeon, Jessica Constanzo Yanez, Marie-Claire Chevrier, Lucie Richard, Antoine Lewin, Patrick Trépanier
Aim: More data is required regarding the association between HLA allele and red blood cell (RBC) antigen expression in regard to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 susceptibility. Methods: ABO, RhD, 37 other RBC antigens and HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 were determined using high throughput platforms in 90 Caucasian convalescent plasma donors. Results: The AB group was significantly increased (1.5×, p = 0.018) and some HLA alleles were found to be significantly overrepresented (HLA-B*44:02, C*05:01, DPB1*04:01, DRB1*04:01 and DRB1*07:01) or underrepresented (A*01:01, B51:01 and DPB1*04:02) in convalescent individuals compared with the local bone marrow registry population. Conclusion: Our study of infection-susceptible but non-hospitalized Caucasian COVID-19 patients contributes to the global understanding of host genetic factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.
{"title":"HLA and red blood cell antigen genotyping in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasma donors.","authors":"William Lemieux, Josée Perreault, Gabriel André Leiva-Torres, Nadia Baillargeon, Jessica Constanzo Yanez, Marie-Claire Chevrier, Lucie Richard, Antoine Lewin, Patrick Trépanier","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0058","DOIUrl":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> More data is required regarding the association between HLA allele and red blood cell (RBC) antigen expression in regard to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 susceptibility. <b>Methods:</b> ABO, RhD, 37 other RBC antigens and HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 were determined using high throughput platforms in 90 Caucasian convalescent plasma donors. <b>Results:</b> The AB group was significantly increased (1.5×, p = 0.018) and some HLA alleles were found to be significantly overrepresented (HLA-B*44:02, C*05:01, DPB1*04:01, DRB1*04:01 and DRB1*07:01) or underrepresented (A*01:01, B51:01 and DPB1*04:02) in convalescent individuals compared with the local bone marrow registry population. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study of infection-susceptible but non-hospitalized Caucasian COVID-19 patients contributes to the global understanding of host genetic factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9941981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10791921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fangyuan Long, Shiheng Zhu, Zeguang Wang, Shungeng Zhang, Jinlong He, Xinbin Ge, Jun Ning
In late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in China and spread worldwide. In rare cases, children who were infected with COVID-19 may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), which could have higher mortality than COVID-19 itself. Therefore, diagnosis and management are critical for treatment. Specifically, most of the initial treatment options of MIS-C choose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and steroids as the first-line treatment for patients. Moreover, antagonists of some cytokines are used as potential future therapeutics. Of note, therapeutic plasmapheresis can be used as a treatment for refractory severe MIS-C. We believe that each patient, especially those with comorbid conditions, should have individualized treatment based on both multidisciplinary consensus approach and expert opinion.
{"title":"Update on the treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19.","authors":"Fangyuan Long, Shiheng Zhu, Zeguang Wang, Shungeng Zhang, Jinlong He, Xinbin Ge, Jun Ning","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2022-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in China and spread worldwide. In rare cases, children who were infected with COVID-19 may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), which could have higher mortality than COVID-19 itself. Therefore, diagnosis and management are critical for treatment. Specifically, most of the initial treatment options of MIS-C choose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and steroids as the first-line treatment for patients. Moreover, antagonists of some cytokines are used as potential future therapeutics. Of note, therapeutic plasmapheresis can be used as a treatment for refractory severe MIS-C. We believe that each patient, especially those with comorbid conditions, should have individualized treatment based on both multidisciplinary consensus approach and expert opinion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9853872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10623215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaohan Shi, Benquan Wu, Junxian Chen, Jinmei Luo, Mei Li, Zhenyou Jiang, Yunfeng Shi
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and its effect on inducing severe pneumonia 1 week after influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Materials & methods: The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were assessed in murine macrophages stimulated with IAV. And the severity of viral pneumonia in mice was explored. Results & conclusion: The data showed that although the expression of NLRP3 diverged, activity of NLRP3 inflammasome was enhanced 1 week after IAV infection, and more severe viral pneumonia was associated with IL-1β in serum. It infers that enhanced activity of NLRP3 inflammasome induces augmented expression of IL-1β and severe pneumonia in a NLRP3-independent way, 1 week after IAV infection.
{"title":"Enhanced activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and its proinflammatory effect in influenza A viral pneumonia","authors":"Xiaohan Shi, Benquan Wu, Junxian Chen, Jinmei Luo, Mei Li, Zhenyou Jiang, Yunfeng Shi","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2021-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2021-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and its effect on inducing severe pneumonia 1 week after influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Materials & methods: The expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were assessed in murine macrophages stimulated with IAV. And the severity of viral pneumonia in mice was explored. Results & conclusion: The data showed that although the expression of NLRP3 diverged, activity of NLRP3 inflammasome was enhanced 1 week after IAV infection, and more severe viral pneumonia was associated with IL-1β in serum. It infers that enhanced activity of NLRP3 inflammasome induces augmented expression of IL-1β and severe pneumonia in a NLRP3-independent way, 1 week after IAV infection.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47800573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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