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Torque teno virus and cancers: current knowledge 扭力病毒和癌症:目前的知识
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0111
A. Lasagna, A. Piralla, S. Borgetto, M. Quaccini, F. Baldanti, P. Pedrazzoli
Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to assess the current knowledge about the relationship between Torque teno virus (TTV) and cancer in different settings. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline via PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from the inception to the end of January 2023. Results: 34 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis of this review and 2145 patients with solid tumors have been analyzed. The most prevalent cancer types were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and lung cancer. Conclusion: TTV has proven its role as a marker of functional immune competence in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but in the oncological field is yet to be defined.
目的:本系统综述的目的是评估目前关于不同环境下TTV与癌症之间关系的知识。方法:通过PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Library在Medline中进行系统检索,检索时间自建站至2023年1月底。结果:本综述定性综合纳入34篇文献,分析实体瘤患者2145例。最常见的癌症类型是肝细胞癌(HCC)和肺癌。结论:TTV在造血干细胞移植(HSCT)中作为功能性免疫能力标志物的作用已得到证实,但在肿瘤领域的作用尚不明确。
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引用次数: 0
Plasma cytokine profile in occult HBV-infected blood donors 隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染献血者的血浆细胞因子谱
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0193
Qinghui Wang, Huizhong Qian, Xiao Liu, Jian Jiang, Qingqin Hao
Aim: Cytokine profile in occult HBV infection (OBI) was systematically investigated to identify the immunopathogenesis of OBI. Materials & methods: A total of 46 OBI, ten asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, ten chronic hepatitis B and 12 healthy blood donors were recruited. A total of 21 plasma cytokines were detected. Results: Compared with healthy blood donors, elevated plasma Th1, Th2, Th17 and immune regulatory associated cytokines were observed in OBI. Almost no significant difference was found for these cytokines among OBI, asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and chronic hepatitis B. OBI displayed the predominance of type 2 and regulatory immunity. Conclusion: OBI displayed the general cytokine profile of chronic HBV infection, which might contribute to virus persistence and the presence of the liver microinflammatory environment. The clinical implications of OBI deserve more attention.
目的:系统研究隐匿性HBV感染(OBI)的细胞因子谱,探讨OBI的免疫发病机制。材料与方法:共招募OBI 46例,无症状乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者10例,慢性乙型肝炎携带者10例,健康献血者12例。共检测21种血浆细胞因子。结果:与健康献血者相比,OBI患者血浆Th1、Th2、Th17及免疫调节相关细胞因子升高。这些细胞因子在OBI、无症状乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者和慢性乙型肝炎中几乎没有显著差异。OBI以2型和调节性免疫为主。结论:OBI显示了慢性HBV感染的一般细胞因子谱,这可能有助于病毒的持续存在和肝脏微炎症环境的存在。OBI的临床意义值得更多关注。
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引用次数: 0
Recombinant Newcastle disease virus kills liver cancer in vitro and in vivo 重组新城疫病毒在体外和体内杀死肝癌
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0183
Ding Yang, Shunli Guo, Yisen Feng, Dandan Wu, Yapei Li, Zhouyangfan Peng, Sufang Zhou
Aim: To construct and rescue a recombinant Newcastle disease virus that can express IP10 protein and evaluate its targeted killing effect on liver cancer in vivo and in vitro. Materials & methods: Fluorescence quantitative PCR, western blot and ELISA were used to detect the expression and secretion of IP10 in cells. The H22 mouse liver cancer cells were used to establish subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice experimental animal tumor models, and the tumor growth of mice in each group was observed while receiving treatment with rLasota. Results: The recombinant Newcastle disease virus was successfully constructed and can kill tumor cells successfully. Conclusion: The rLasota-IP10-IRES-EGFP achieves antitumor effects by killing hepatocellular carcinoma cells, enhancing T-lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissues and inhibiting neovascularization.
目的:构建和拯救能表达IP10蛋白的重组新城疫病毒,并评价其在体内外对癌症的靶向杀伤作用。材料与方法:采用荧光定量PCR、蛋白质印迹和ELISA法检测细胞内IP10的表达和分泌。利用H22小鼠肝癌癌症细胞建立皮下荷瘤小鼠实验动物肿瘤模型,观察各组小鼠在接受rLasota治疗时的肿瘤生长情况。结果:成功构建了重组新城疫病毒,并能成功杀伤肿瘤细胞。结论:rLasota-IP10-IRES-EGFP通过杀伤肝细胞癌细胞、增强T淋巴细胞在肿瘤组织中的浸润和抑制新生血管形成而具有抗肿瘤作用。
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引用次数: 0
DPP-4 Inhibitors as a savior for COVID-19 patients with diabetes. DPP-4抑制剂作为COVID-19糖尿病患者的救星
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0112
Snehasish Nag, Samanwita Mandal, Oindrila Mukherjee, Suprabhat Mukherjee, Rakesh Kundu

Diabetic patients are at particular risk of severe COVID-19. Human dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a membrane-bound aminopeptidase that regulates insulin release by inactivating incretin. DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) are therefore used as oral anti-diabetic drugs to restore normal insulin levels. These molecules also have anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertension effects. Recent studies on the interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and DPP-4 predict a possible entry route for SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, DPP-4is could be effective at reducing the virus-induced 'cytokine storm', thereby ceasing inflammatory injury to vital organs. Moreover, DPP-4is may interfere with viral entry into host cells. Herein, we have reviewed the efficacy of DPP-4is as potential repurposed drugs to reduce the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with diabetes.

糖尿病患者感染严重COVID-19的风险特别高。人二肽基肽酶-4 (DPP-4)是一种膜结合的氨基肽酶,通过使肠促胰岛素失活来调节胰岛素释放。因此,DPP-4抑制剂(DPP-4is)被用作口服抗糖尿病药物,以恢复正常的胰岛素水平。这些分子还具有抗炎和降压作用。最近对SARS-CoV-2刺突糖蛋白与DPP-4相互作用的研究预测了SARS-CoV-2可能的进入途径。因此,DPP-4is可以有效地减少病毒诱导的“细胞因子风暴”,从而停止对重要器官的炎症损伤。此外,dpp -4可能干扰病毒进入宿主细胞。在此,我们回顾了DPP-4is作为潜在的再用途药物降低糖尿病患者SARS-CoV-2感染严重程度的疗效。
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引用次数: 4
Efficiency rating of SG Diagnostics COVID-19 antigen rapid test kit. SG Diagnostics新冠病毒抗原快速检测试剂盒效率评价。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0210
Francesco Chirico, Murat Yıldırım, Tomasz Dzieciatkowski, Marek Dabrowski, Marek Malysz, Marcin Madziala, Milosz Jaroslaw Jaguszewski, Karol Bielski, Gabriella Nucera, Krzysztof J Filipiak, Lukasz Szarpak

Aim: Rapid detection is crucial in complementing vaccination to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Materials & methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs (n = 213) and oropharyngeal swabs (n = 98) were tested. with the antigen rapid test kit. Results: Overall sensitivity (97.96%), specificity (100.00%) and coincidence rate (98.71%) were high, which translated into a positive predictive value of 100.00% and a negative predictive value of 96.64%. Conclusion: Antigen rapid tests have a great potential for screening in different settings to deliver results with high sensitivity and specificity.

目的:快速检测对于补充疫苗接种以减少SARS-CoV-2的传播至关重要。材料与方法:对鼻咽拭子(n = 213)和口咽拭子(n = 98)进行检测。用抗原快速检测试剂盒。结果:总灵敏度(97.96%)、特异度(100.00%)和符合率(98.71%)较高,阳性预测值为100.00%,阴性预测值为96.64%。结论:抗原快速检测在不同环境下的筛查具有很大的潜力,可提供高灵敏度和特异性的结果。
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引用次数: 2
In silico analysis of ACE2 from different animal species provides new insights into SARS-CoV-2 species spillover. 不同动物物种ACE2的计算机分析为SARS-CoV-2物种溢出提供了新的见解。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0187
Felipe Pantoja Mesquita, Pedro Filho Noronha Souza, Dyane Rocha Aragão, Expedito Maia Diógenes, Emerson Lucena da Silva, Jackson Lima Amaral, Valder Nogueira Freire, Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco, Raquel Carvalho Montenegro

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the phylogenetic relationships between the ACE2 of humans and other animals and investigate the potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 RBD and ACE2 of different species. Materials & methods: The phylogenetic construction and molecular interactions were assessed using computational models. Results & conclusion: Despite the evolutionary distance, 11 species had a perfect fit for the interaction between their ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 RBD (Chinchilla lanigera, Neovison vison, Rhinolophus sinicus, Emballonura alecto, Saccopteryx bilineata, Numida meleagris). Among them, the avian N. meleagris was reported for the first time in this study as a probable SARS-CoV-2 host due to the strong molecular interactions. Therefore, predicting potential hosts for SARS-CoV-2 for understanding the epidemiological cycle and proposal of surveillance strategies.

目的:分析人与其他动物ACE2的系统发育关系,探讨不同物种SARS-CoV-2 RBD与ACE2的潜在相互作用。材料与方法:使用计算模型评估系统发育结构和分子相互作用。结果与结论:尽管进化距离较远,但11个物种(Chinchilla lanigera, Neovison vison, Rhinolophus sinicus, Emballonura alecto, Saccopteryx bilineata, Numida meleagris)的ACE2与SARS-CoV-2 RBD的相互作用完全吻合。其中,禽类N. meleagris因具有较强的分子相互作用,在本研究中首次被报道为可能的SARS-CoV-2宿主。因此,预测SARS-CoV-2的潜在宿主有助于了解流行病学周期并提出监测策略。
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引用次数: 1
Evidence-based policies in public health to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. 基于证据的公共卫生政策解决COVID-19疫苗犹豫问题。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0028
Francesco Chirico, Jaime A Teixeira da Silva

A fundamental basis for effective health-related policymaking of any democratic nation should be open and transparent communication between a government and its citizens, including scientists and healthcare professionals, to foster a climate of trust, especially during the ongoing COVID-19 mass vaccination campaign. Since misinformation is a leading cause of vaccine hesitancy, open data sharing through an evidence-based approach may render the communication of health strategies developed by policymakers with the public more effective, allowing misinformation and claims that are not backed by scientific evidence to be tackled. In this narrative review, we debate possible causes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and links to the COVID-19 misinformation epidemic. We also put forward plausible solutions as recommended in the literature.

任何民主国家有效制定健康相关政策的基本基础都应该是政府与其公民(包括科学家和医疗保健专业人员)之间公开透明的沟通,以营造信任气氛,尤其是在正在进行的新冠肺炎大规模疫苗接种运动期间。由于错误信息是疫苗犹豫的主要原因,通过循证方法进行公开数据共享可能会使政策制定者制定的健康战略与公众的沟通更加有效,从而能够解决没有科学证据支持的错误信息和说法。在这篇叙述性综述中,我们讨论了新冠肺炎疫苗犹豫的可能原因以及与新冠肺炎错误信息流行的联系。我们还根据文献中的建议提出了合理的解决方案。
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引用次数: 6
The impact of mutation sets in receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the stability of RBD-ACE2 complex. SARS-CoV-2变异体受体结合域突变集对RBD-ACE2复合物稳定性的影响
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0152
Mykyta Peka, Viktor Balatsky

Aim: Bioinformatic analysis of mutation sets in receptor-binding domain (RBD) of currently and previously circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and interest (VOIs) to assess their ability to bind the ACE2 receptor. Methods: In silico sequence and structure-oriented approaches were used to evaluate the impact of single and multiple mutations. Results: Mutations detected in VOCs and VOIs led to the reduction of binding free energy of the RBD-ACE2 complex, forming additional chemical bonds with ACE2, and to an increase of RBD-ACE2 complex stability. Conclusion: Mutation sets characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 variants have complex effects on the ACE2 receptor-binding affinity associated with amino acid interactions at mutation sites, as well as on the acquisition of other viral adaptive advantages.

目的:通过生物信息学分析当前和以前流行的SARS-CoV-2关注变异体(VOCs)和感兴趣变异体(VOIs)的受体结合域(RBD)突变集,评估其结合ACE2受体的能力。方法:采用计算机序列法和结构定向法评价单突变和多突变的影响。结果:在VOCs和VOIs中检测到的突变导致RBD-ACE2复合物的结合自由能降低,与ACE2形成额外的化学键,RBD-ACE2复合物的稳定性增加。结论:SARS-CoV-2变异的突变集特征对突变位点氨基酸相互作用相关的ACE2受体结合亲和力以及其他病毒适应性优势的获得具有复杂的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Targeting ‘immunogenic hotspots’ in Dengue and Zika virus: an in silico approach to a common vaccine candidate 针对登革热和寨卡病毒的“免疫原性热点”:一种常见候选疫苗的计算机方法
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0104
Dhrubajyoti Mahata, Debangshu Mukherjee, Kheerthana Duraivelan, Vanshika Malviya, P. Parida, G. Mukherjee
Aim: Dengue and Zika viruses cause significant mortality globally. Considering high sequence similarity between the viral proteins, we designed common multi-epitope vaccine candidates against these pathogens. Methods: We identified multiple T and B cell epitope-rich conserved ‘immunogenic hotspots’ from highly antigenic and phylogenetically related viral proteins and used these to design the multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) candidates, ensuring high global population coverage. Results: Four MEV candidates containing conserved immunogenic hotspots from E and NS5 proteins with the highest structural integrity could favorably interact with TLR4-MD2 complex in molecular docking studies, indicating activation of TLR-mediated immune responses. MEVs also induced memory responses in silico, hallmarks of a good vaccine candidate. Conclusion: Conserved immunogenic hotspots can be utilized to design cross-protective MEV candidates.
目的:登革热和寨卡病毒在全球范围内造成重大死亡。考虑到病毒蛋白之间的高度序列相似性,我们设计了针对这些病原体的常见多表位候选疫苗。方法:我们从高度抗原和系统发育相关的病毒蛋白中鉴定了多个富含T和B细胞表位的保守“免疫原性热点”,并用这些来设计多表位候选疫苗(MEV),确保高全球人群覆盖率。结果:在分子对接研究中,四种含有E和NS5蛋白保守免疫原性热点的MEV候选物具有最高的结构完整性,可以与TLR4-MD2复合物有利地相互作用,表明TLR介导的免疫反应被激活。MEV还诱导了计算机的记忆反应,这是良好候选疫苗的标志。结论:保留的免疫原性热点可用于设计交叉保护性MEV候选物。
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引用次数: 0
Let’s make this go viral: welcome to your 18th dose of Future Virology 让我们让它像病毒一样传播开来:欢迎来到你的第18剂未来病毒学
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 Immunology and Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0002
Ellen Porter
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引用次数: 0
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Future Virology
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