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Vertical transmission and maternal passive immunity post-SARS-CoV-2. 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型后的垂直传播和母体被动免疫。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0089
Hanie Karimi, Vahid Mansouri, Nima Rezaei

Since 2020, the highly contagious nature and various transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 have rendered the pandemic interminable. Vertical transmission (VT) through the placenta and breast milk, which is frequent for certain virus types, is thought to exist for SARS-CoV-2 and is hypothesized by many researchers. Conversely, antibodies are produced to counteract the effect of viruses. Since newborns' immunologic system cannot produce proper antibodies, maternal antibodies are usually transferred from mother to infant/fetus to meet the need. This theory leads to the hypothesis of transmission of antibodies through the placenta and breast milk following SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. This paper further discusses these hypotheses, considering consequences of fetus/infant harm versus benefit.

自2020年以来,严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的高度传染性和各种传播途径使疫情无休止。通过胎盘和母乳的垂直传播(VT)在某些病毒类型中很常见,被认为存在严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型,许多研究人员对此进行了假设。相反,产生抗体是为了抵消病毒的影响。由于新生儿的免疫系统不能产生适当的抗体,母体抗体通常会从母亲转移到婴儿/胎儿身上以满足需求。这一理论导致了严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染或接种疫苗后抗体通过胎盘和母乳传播的假设。本文进一步讨论了这些假设,考虑到胎儿/婴儿伤害与利益的后果。
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引用次数: 0
Targeting host calcium channels and viroporins: a promising strategy for SARS-CoV-2 therapy. 靶向宿主钙通道和病毒蛋白:一种有前途的SARS-CoV-2治疗策略
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0203
Mona Fani, Maryam Moossavi, Hasan Bakhshi, Abozar Nasiri Jahrodi, Mohammad Reza Khazdair, Amir Hossein Zardast, Shokouh Ghafari

Despite passing the pandemic phase of the COVID-19, researchers are still investigating various drugs. Previous evidence suggests that blocking the calcium channels may be a suitable treatment option. Ca2+ is required to enhance the fusion process of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Also, some important inflammatory factors during SARS-CoV-2 infection are dependent on Ca2+ level. On the other hand, viroporins have emerged as attractive targets for antiviral therapy due to their essential role in viral replication and pathogenesis. By inhibiting the host calcium channels and viroporins, it is possible to limit the spread of infection. Therefore, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and drugs targeting Viroporins can be considered an effective option in the fight against SARS-CoV-2.

虽然已经度过了大流行阶段,但研究人员仍在研究各种药物。先前的证据表明,阻断钙通道可能是一种合适的治疗选择。Ca2+是增强严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)融合过程所必需的。此外,SARS-CoV-2感染过程中的一些重要炎症因子依赖于Ca2+水平。另一方面,由于病毒孔蛋白在病毒复制和发病机制中的重要作用,它们已成为抗病毒治疗的有吸引力的靶点。通过抑制宿主钙通道和病毒孔蛋白,可以限制感染的传播。因此,钙通道阻滞剂(CCBs)和靶向病毒蛋白的药物可以被认为是对抗SARS-CoV-2的有效选择。
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引用次数: 0
A single antiviral for a triple epidemic: is it possible? 一种抗病毒药物对付三种流行病:可能吗?
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0048
N. Sultanoglu, E. Erdag, Cenk Serhan Ozverel
Aim: A triple epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), SARS-CoV-2 and influenza variants is on the rise worldwide. It is crucial to identify antiviral agents that can be used against all three viruses associatd with this triple epidemic. Materials & methods: A total of ten antiviral agents were investigated in this study. Using molecular docking and the molecular mechanics/position-Boltzmann surface area technique, an examination of the binding affinity and protein–ligand interactions was conducted. Results: Out of the ten ligands that were compared, three showed the highest affinity for the docking site related to three the viral infections in descending order: AVG-388, remdesivir and nirmatrelvir. Conclusion: In conclusion, AVG-388, remdesivir and nirmatrelvir could be recommended as effective antiviral agents during the triple epidemic.
目的:呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、SARS-CoV-2和流感变体在全球范围内呈上升趋势。至关重要的是确定可用于对抗与这三重流行病相关的所有三种病毒的抗病毒药物。材料与方法:对10种抗病毒药物进行了研究。利用分子对接和分子力学/位置-玻尔兹曼表面积技术,研究了蛋白质与配体的结合亲和力和相互作用。结果:在10个配体中,AVG-388、remdesivir和nirmatrelvir对与3种病毒感染相关的对接位点的亲和力由高到低依次为3个配体。结论:AVG-388、remdesivir和nirmatrelvir在三联流行时可推荐作为有效的抗病毒药物。
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引用次数: 0
Plasma IL-10, IL-19 and IL-32 are potential biomarkers for adenovirus-induced severe pneumonia in pediatric patients 血浆IL-10、IL-19和IL-32是腺病毒诱导的小儿重症肺炎的潜在生物标志物
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0080
Jing Chen, Guoyun Su, Ruimu Zhang, Jikui Deng, Lifeng Qi
Aim: This study aimed to identify potential plasma biomarkers for severe pediatric adenovirus (AdV) infection. Methods: Thirty-seven inflammatory proteins were measured in the plasma of AdV-infected, influenza H3N2-infected or healthy pediatric participants and the prediction values of selected inflammatory proteins for AdV and severe AdV were assessed. Results: The expression profiles of AdV- and H3N2-infected patients were largely similar, with only IL-2, IL-10, IL-19 and IL-32 showing pathogen-dependent expression. IL-10, IL-19 and IL-32, both individually and in combination, could predict AdV and severe AdV infection. Conclusion: Plasma IL-10, IL-19 and IL-32 are potential biomarkers for AdV, especially severe AdV in pediatric patients.
目的:本研究旨在确定严重儿童腺病毒(AdV)感染的潜在血浆生物标志物。方法:测量AdV感染者、H3N2流感感染者或健康儿童参与者血浆中的37种炎症蛋白,并评估所选炎症蛋白对AdV和严重AdV的预测值。结果:AdV-和H3N2感染患者的表达谱基本相似,只有IL-2、IL-10、IL-19和IL-32表现出病原体依赖性表达。IL-10、IL-19和IL-32,无论是单独还是联合使用,都可以预测AdV和严重的AdV感染。结论:血浆IL-10、IL-19和IL-32是儿童AdV,尤其是严重AdV的潜在生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
Respiratory syncytial virus: an overview 呼吸道合胞病毒:综述
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0037
A. Aljabali, Mohammad A. Obeid, Mohamed El-Tanani, M. Tambuwala
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory illnesses that primarily affects children, particularly those under 2 years old, and adults. RSV infections can lead to hospitalization and even mortality. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets spread by coughing or sneezing. We conducted an extensive literature search focused on RSV, pathogenicity and relevant keywords like ‘RSV treatment,’ ‘RSV vaccine,‘ and ‘RSV diagnosis’ to explore effective treatment strategies, advances in potential RSV vaccines and ongoing clinical trials, and progress in diagnostic techniques for accurate and timely detection of RSV infections. These findings are crucial for developing appropriate management and control measures.
呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是呼吸道疾病的主要原因,主要影响儿童,尤其是2岁以下的儿童和成年人。呼吸道合胞病毒感染可导致住院甚至死亡。病毒通过咳嗽或打喷嚏传播的呼吸道飞沫传播。我们进行了广泛的文献检索,重点关注呼吸道合胞病毒、致病性和相关关键词,如“RSV治疗”、“RSV疫苗”和“RSV诊断”,以探索有效的治疗策略、潜在RSV疫苗和正在进行的临床试验的进展,以及准确及时检测RSV感染的诊断技术的进展。这些发现对于制定适当的管理和控制措施至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Ebola virus is nature's wake-up call 埃博拉病毒是大自然的警钟
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0118
S. Kaushik, Ramesh Kumar, S. Kaushik
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引用次数: 0
Plain Language Summary of a Clinical Trial Evaluating mRNA-1273, Moderna's mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccine, in Children 6 Through 11 Years of Age 一项评估mRNA-1273 (Moderna基于mrna的COVID-19疫苗)在6至11岁儿童中的临床试验总结
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0020
C. Creech, E. Anderson, V. Berthaud, Í. Yildirim, AM Atz, I. M. Baez, D. Finkelstein, P. Pickrell, J. Kirstein, C. Yut, R. Blair, RA Clifford, M. Dunn, JD Campbell, D. Montefiori, JE Tomassini, X. Zhao, W. Deng, H. Zhou, D. Schrempp, K. Hautzinger, B. Girard, K. Slobod, R. McPhee, R. Pajon, R. Das, Jm Miller, S. S. Ghamloush
The PLSP summarizes results from the phase 2/3 KidCOVE trial examining mRNA-1273 (Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine) in children 6 through 11 years of age. This study reviewed results from two parts of the KidCOVE clinical trial: Part 1 of the study was performed to select a dose of mRNA-1273 (50 μg or 100 μg) in children. A 50-μg dose was selected for further evaluation based on minimally unwanted side effects and sufficient antibodies (immune responses) against SARS-CoV-2. Part 2 of the study further evaluated the 50-μg dose of mRNA-1273 and compared it with placebo in children. Two 50-μg doses of mRNA-1273 were well tolerated with no new safety concerns. Two 50-μg doses also produced antibodies (immune responses) similar to those in young adults who received mRNA-1273 (100 μg) in a separate phase 3 study (the COVE trial). Study findings suggest that two 50-μg doses of mRNA-1273 were well-tolerated, and can prevent COVID-19 in children 6 through 11 years of age. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04796896 ( ClinicalTrials.gov )
PLSP总结了KidCOVE 2/3期试验在6至11岁儿童中检测mRNA-1273(莫德纳新冠肺炎疫苗)的结果。本研究回顾了KidCOVE临床试验的两个部分的结果:研究的第一部分是在儿童中选择mRNA-1273的剂量(50μg或100μg)。根据最小的不良副作用和足够的抗严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型抗体(免疫反应),选择50μg剂量进行进一步评估。该研究的第2部分进一步评估了50μg剂量的mRNA-1273,并将其与儿童安慰剂进行了比较。两个50μg剂量的mRNA-1273耐受性良好,没有新的安全问题。在一项单独的3期研究(COVE试验)中,两次50μg剂量也产生了与接受mRNA-1273(100μg)的年轻人相似的抗体(免疫反应)。研究结果表明,两种50μg剂量的mRNA-1273耐受性良好,可以预防6至11岁儿童的新冠肺炎。临床试验注册:NCT04796896(ClinicalTrials.gov)
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引用次数: 0
Unexpected predominance of human adenovirus F41 in children suffering from acute respiratory infection in Tunisia 在突尼斯,人类腺病毒F41在患有急性呼吸道感染的儿童中出人意料地占优势
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2022-0215
Asma Bouazizi, Mouna Ben Hadj Fredj, A. Jerbi, Haifa Bennour, I. Fodha, A. Trabelsi
Aim: To evaluate human adenovirus (HAdV) types associated with respiratory infections, nasopharyngeal aspirations (NPA) were collected from children under 2 years old that were hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) during 2018–2019. Methods: PCR was used for viral screening and select samples were then sequenced by Sanger sequencing. Results: Among 194 samples, 30 were HAdV-positive and 14 were chosen for further sequencing. HAdV-F41, C2 and C5 circulated simultaneously with an unexpected predominance of HAdV-F41. HAdV infection occurred year-round, with a peak in winter and early spring. The age group most affected was those younger than 6 months. Conclusion: Continued surveillance of HAdV infections is necessary and the contribution of HAdV-F41 in ARTI should be studied.
目的:收集2018-2019年因急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)住院的2岁以下儿童的鼻咽分泌物(NPA),以评估与呼吸道感染相关的人腺病毒(hav)类型。方法:采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)进行病毒筛选,选择样本进行桑格测序。结果:194份样本中hadv阳性30份,选择14份进行进一步测序。HAdV-F41、C2和C5同时循环,HAdV-F41出乎意料地占优势。hav感染全年发生,以冬季和早春为高峰。受影响最大的年龄组是6个月以下的婴儿。结论:持续监测hav感染是必要的,hav - f41在ARTI中的作用有待进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Inpatient and outpatient costs associated with respiratory syncytial virus in Japanese infants and older adults 日本婴儿和老年人与呼吸道合胞病毒相关的住院和门诊费用
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0069
A. Igarashi, K. Togo, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, Kazumasa Kamei, N. Yonemoto, N. Ishiwada
Objective: To evaluate healthcare resource use for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Japan. Methods: Using JMDC and Medical Data Vision (MDV) claims databases, we retrospectively evaluated cost and length of hospital/intensive care unit stays in RSV-diagnosed cohorts of infants (<12 months) and older adults (OAs, ≥60 years). We analyzed the usage and costs of palivizumab in infants. Results: Mean costs among those hospitalized were $2823 (USD); $2851; and $6609 (¥131 [JPY]/$) in JMDC-infant (n = 13,752); MDV-infant (n = 22,142); and MDV-OA cohorts (n = 165), respectively. The mean cost was higher in those aged <1 month, with risk factors, and severe RSV disease. Mean cumulative cost of palivizumab prophylaxis in JMDC infant cohort was $6796/year. Conclusion: RSV causes enormous economic burden in infants and OAs.
目的:评价日本呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)医疗资源的使用情况。方法:使用JMDC和医学数据视觉(MDV)索赔数据库,我们回顾性评估了呼吸道合胞病毒诊断的婴儿(<12个月)和老年人(OAs,≥60岁)队列的住院/重症监护费用和住院时间。我们分析了帕利单抗在婴儿中的使用情况和成本。结果:住院患者的平均费用为2823美元$2851;以及6609美元(131日元/$)的JMDC婴儿(n=13752);MDV婴儿(n=22142);和MDV-OA队列(n=165)。年龄<1个月、有危险因素和严重呼吸道合胞病毒疾病的患者的平均费用更高。JMDC婴儿队列中帕利单抗预防的平均累计成本为6796美元/年。结论:呼吸道合胞病毒对婴儿和高龄产妇造成巨大的经济负担。
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引用次数: 0
The association of De Ritis ratio with the severity of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever 德炎比值与克里米亚-刚果出血热严重程度的关系
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q3 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0008
Esma Eryilmaz-Eren, Ayse Turunc-Ozdemir, Azade Kanat, Zeynep Ture, Ayşin Kılınç-Toker, I. Çelik
Aim: This study aimed to present the characteristics and poor prognostic factors of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients. Materials & methods: Adult patients (>18 years) with CCHF were included in this retrospective study. Demographics, risk scores and laboratory findings of survivors and nonsurvivors were compared. Results: Fifteen (9.2%) of 163 CCHF patients were nonsurvivors and had a higher Severity Score Index (p < 0.001), Severity Grade Score (p < 0.001) and De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase) (p < 0.001). De Ritis ratio was >3 in 10.1% of survivors and 53.3% of nonsurvivors (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, De Ritis ratio >3 (OR: 5.428, p = 0.045) and SGS (OR: 1.776, p = 0.005) were found as predictive factors. Conclusion: De Ritis ratio may predict prognosis in combination with severity risk scores in CCHF.
目的:探讨克里米亚-刚果出血热(CCHF)患者的特点及影响预后的因素。材料与方法:本回顾性研究纳入成年CCHF患者(bb0 ~ 18岁)。对幸存者和非幸存者的人口统计、风险评分和实验室结果进行比较。结果:163例CCHF患者中有15例(9.2%)为非幸存者,严重程度评分指数(severe Score Index)较高(10.1%的幸存者为3,53.3%的非幸存者为3 (p = 5.428, p = 0.045)和SGS (OR: 1.776, p = 0.005)为预测因素。结论:De - Ritis比值可与CCHF严重危险评分联合预测预后。
{"title":"The association of De Ritis ratio with the severity of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever","authors":"Esma Eryilmaz-Eren, Ayse Turunc-Ozdemir, Azade Kanat, Zeynep Ture, Ayşin Kılınç-Toker, I. Çelik","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to present the characteristics and poor prognostic factors of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients. Materials & methods: Adult patients (>18 years) with CCHF were included in this retrospective study. Demographics, risk scores and laboratory findings of survivors and nonsurvivors were compared. Results: Fifteen (9.2%) of 163 CCHF patients were nonsurvivors and had a higher Severity Score Index (p < 0.001), Severity Grade Score (p < 0.001) and De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase) (p < 0.001). De Ritis ratio was >3 in 10.1% of survivors and 53.3% of nonsurvivors (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, De Ritis ratio >3 (OR: 5.428, p = 0.045) and SGS (OR: 1.776, p = 0.005) were found as predictive factors. Conclusion: De Ritis ratio may predict prognosis in combination with severity risk scores in CCHF.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48785601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Future Virology
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