Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the status, hot spots and frontiers of HIV- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) research using CiteSpace. Method: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection. The publications were visually analyzed in terms of countries, institutions, authors, keywords, references, and journals using CiteSpace. Results: A total of 6446 HIV-MTB-related publications were retrieved. The top three keywords with the highest frequency were Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV, and infection. Conclusion: In recent years, research hotspots have mainly focused on the epidemiology, immune mechanisms, prevention and treatment of HIV-MTB co-infection, especially regarding immune response, burden, assays, latent TB, and children co-infected with AIDS and TB. They need to be addressed in future studies.
{"title":"Trends and perspectives in tuberculosis and HIV co-infection studies over the past three decades","authors":"Kang Gong, Y. Lai","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0143","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the status, hot spots and frontiers of HIV- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) research using CiteSpace. Method: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection. The publications were visually analyzed in terms of countries, institutions, authors, keywords, references, and journals using CiteSpace. Results: A total of 6446 HIV-MTB-related publications were retrieved. The top three keywords with the highest frequency were Mycobacterium tuberculosis, HIV, and infection. Conclusion: In recent years, research hotspots have mainly focused on the epidemiology, immune mechanisms, prevention and treatment of HIV-MTB co-infection, especially regarding immune response, burden, assays, latent TB, and children co-infected with AIDS and TB. They need to be addressed in future studies.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138959046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faten Farouk, Mohamed A Zarka, Majid Mohammed Al-Sawahli, Amr Hassan, Aly Fahmy Mohamed, Ibrahim M Ibrahim, Fafy Abd El-Rahman Mohammed, R. Shebl
Aim: The antiviral potentials of rosmarinic acid (RA) against Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus were investigated. Methods: Antiviral activity was investigated by evaluating the reduction in the viral infectivity titer. Computational and LC–MS studies were performed for investigating the mechanism of action. This is via testing the interaction between RA and its major metabolite with the key infectivity proteins and determination of RA cellular permeability. Results: A superior reduction in RVF infectivity titer (45.5%) was observed when RA was applied post-infection compared to 17.7% reduction following its application before infection in addition to time-dependent inactivation kinetics. Recorded data showed in-silico inhibitory potential of RA and its metabolite against RVFV cap-binding protein and glycoprotein C, which are integral for viral transcription. LC–MS revealed cellular inclusion of RA, supporting its intracellular viral interaction. Conclusion: These antiviral potentials might suggest a promising foundation for future anti-RVF drug development.
目的：研究迷迭香酸（RA）对裂谷热（RVF）病毒的抗病毒潜力。方法：通过评估病毒感染率的降低来研究其抗病毒活性：通过评估病毒感染滴度的降低情况来研究其抗病毒活性。为研究其作用机制，进行了计算和 LC-MS 研究。具体方法是测试 RA 及其主要代谢物与关键感染性蛋白之间的相互作用，并确定 RA 的细胞渗透性。结果在感染后使用 RA，RVF 感染性滴度明显降低（45.5%），而在感染前使用 RA，感染性滴度降低 17.7%。记录的数据表明，RA 及其代谢物对 RVFV 的帽结合蛋白和糖蛋白 C 有抑制潜能，而这两种蛋白是病毒转录不可或缺的成分。液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）显示，细胞中含有 RA，支持其在细胞内与病毒相互作用。结论这些抗病毒潜力可能为未来开发抗 RVF 药物奠定了良好基础。
{"title":"Rosmarinic acid inhibits Rift Valley fever virus: in vitro, computational and analytical studies","authors":"Faten Farouk, Mohamed A Zarka, Majid Mohammed Al-Sawahli, Amr Hassan, Aly Fahmy Mohamed, Ibrahim M Ibrahim, Fafy Abd El-Rahman Mohammed, R. Shebl","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0119","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The antiviral potentials of rosmarinic acid (RA) against Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus were investigated. Methods: Antiviral activity was investigated by evaluating the reduction in the viral infectivity titer. Computational and LC–MS studies were performed for investigating the mechanism of action. This is via testing the interaction between RA and its major metabolite with the key infectivity proteins and determination of RA cellular permeability. Results: A superior reduction in RVF infectivity titer (45.5%) was observed when RA was applied post-infection compared to 17.7% reduction following its application before infection in addition to time-dependent inactivation kinetics. Recorded data showed in-silico inhibitory potential of RA and its metabolite against RVFV cap-binding protein and glycoprotein C, which are integral for viral transcription. LC–MS revealed cellular inclusion of RA, supporting its intracellular viral interaction. Conclusion: These antiviral potentials might suggest a promising foundation for future anti-RVF drug development.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Man-Fung Yuen, Seng-Gee Lim, Maureen Kamischke, J. Cremer, Dickens Theodore
This is a summary for the hepatitis B community providing straightforward information on the results of a study called ‘B-Clear’. Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by a virus. Chronic hepatitis B is a long-lasting infection and occurs when the body is unable to fight off the virus and it persists in the blood and liver. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a major global health problem affecting approximately 296 million people. Current standard therapies, such as nucleotide analogs (antiviral therapy), rarely lead to a cure. This study investigated a new treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection, called bepirovirsen, alone or in combination with nucleotide analogs (antiviral therapy), in participants with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The duration of treatment was 6 months. In this study, bepirovirsen was tested to see if it could decrease the levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and viral DNA to the point where they cannot be detected anymore in the blood and whether participants would maintain undetectable levels for 6 months after the end of treatment. Six (9%) participants who were currently on nucleotide analogs (antiviral therapy) and also received bepirovirsen and 7 (10%) participants who only received bepirovirsen, achieved undetectable levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and viral DNA for 6 months after the end of treatment. These results show that bepirovirsen could be an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The loss of hepatitis B surface antigen seen in some participants means that bepirovirsen has the potential to reduce the risk of liver complications, such as liver failure and liver cancer and provide patients with an alternative option to lifelong treatment. Achieving undetectable levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and viral DNA may also have a positive impact on the quality of life of participants by reducing stigma and discrimination related to hepatitis B and offer relief from the hopelessness that often comes with a chronic hepatitis B virus infection diagnosis and need for lifelong therapy. Larger and longer studies are needed to confirm the results of the B-Clear study and to further evaluate how well bepirovirsen works in treating chronic hepatitis B virus infection as well as to assess its safety. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04449029 (B-Clear study) ( ClinicalTrials.gov )
{"title":"Plain language summary of the efficacy and safety of bepirovirsen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection","authors":"Man-Fung Yuen, Seng-Gee Lim, Maureen Kamischke, J. Cremer, Dickens Theodore","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0117","url":null,"abstract":"This is a summary for the hepatitis B community providing straightforward information on the results of a study called ‘B-Clear’. Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by a virus. Chronic hepatitis B is a long-lasting infection and occurs when the body is unable to fight off the virus and it persists in the blood and liver. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a major global health problem affecting approximately 296 million people. Current standard therapies, such as nucleotide analogs (antiviral therapy), rarely lead to a cure. This study investigated a new treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection, called bepirovirsen, alone or in combination with nucleotide analogs (antiviral therapy), in participants with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The duration of treatment was 6 months. In this study, bepirovirsen was tested to see if it could decrease the levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and viral DNA to the point where they cannot be detected anymore in the blood and whether participants would maintain undetectable levels for 6 months after the end of treatment. Six (9%) participants who were currently on nucleotide analogs (antiviral therapy) and also received bepirovirsen and 7 (10%) participants who only received bepirovirsen, achieved undetectable levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and viral DNA for 6 months after the end of treatment. These results show that bepirovirsen could be an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The loss of hepatitis B surface antigen seen in some participants means that bepirovirsen has the potential to reduce the risk of liver complications, such as liver failure and liver cancer and provide patients with an alternative option to lifelong treatment. Achieving undetectable levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and viral DNA may also have a positive impact on the quality of life of participants by reducing stigma and discrimination related to hepatitis B and offer relief from the hopelessness that often comes with a chronic hepatitis B virus infection diagnosis and need for lifelong therapy. Larger and longer studies are needed to confirm the results of the B-Clear study and to further evaluate how well bepirovirsen works in treating chronic hepatitis B virus infection as well as to assess its safety. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04449029 (B-Clear study) ( ClinicalTrials.gov )","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengli Xu, Weifang Zhou, Yuewen Su, Meng Cao, Yuqin Li
Aim: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of IL-17A and IL-22 in the plasma of children with infectious mononucleosis complicated with liver damage caused by Epstein–Barr virus. Method: Peripheral plasma was collected from 64 children with IM. We compared IL-17A, IL-22, the clinical data and laboratory examination indicators between liver damage and non-liver damage groups. Results: We found that the levels of IL-17A and IL-22 were higher in the liver damage group and positively correlated with liver function indicators. CD4+/CD8+ was lower in the liver damage group. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the clinical significance of IL-17A and IL-22 in children with IM complicated with liver damage caused by EBV.
{"title":"Expression and significance of IL-17A and IL-22 in children with infectious mononucleosis complicated with liver damage","authors":"Mengli Xu, Weifang Zhou, Yuewen Su, Meng Cao, Yuqin Li","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0104","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of IL-17A and IL-22 in the plasma of children with infectious mononucleosis complicated with liver damage caused by Epstein–Barr virus. Method: Peripheral plasma was collected from 64 children with IM. We compared IL-17A, IL-22, the clinical data and laboratory examination indicators between liver damage and non-liver damage groups. Results: We found that the levels of IL-17A and IL-22 were higher in the liver damage group and positively correlated with liver function indicators. CD4+/CD8+ was lower in the liver damage group. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the clinical significance of IL-17A and IL-22 in children with IM complicated with liver damage caused by EBV.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Ghasabi, Ava Hashempour, N. Khodadad, Shokufeh Akbarinia, Mohammadreza Heydari, Z. Foroozanfar
Aim: The HIV-V3 sequence influences tropism via the interaction of HIV with CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors; however, no consistent sequence accounts for R5 or X4-virus. Methods: RT-Nested PCR was performed to define V3-tropism in 123 samples using genotypic methods, including Geno2Pheno, WebPSSM, PhenoSeq, Net Charge and the 11/25 rule. Results: Among the samples studied, the HIV-1 R5 tropic viruses were predominant. However, X4 tropism could be a reason for the higher risk of treatment failure. A good accordance was observed between paired DNA/RNA tropism results. Conclusion: CCR5 inhibitors can be crucial in simplifying HIV treatment in Iranian patients. X4-virus is a risk factor for treatment failure. Proviral DNA (pvDNA) tropism result can be an appropriate target for V3-tropism determination.
{"title":"HIV co-receptor tropism usage: first report from the Iranian patients","authors":"F. Ghasabi, Ava Hashempour, N. Khodadad, Shokufeh Akbarinia, Mohammadreza Heydari, Z. Foroozanfar","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The HIV-V3 sequence influences tropism via the interaction of HIV with CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors; however, no consistent sequence accounts for R5 or X4-virus. Methods: RT-Nested PCR was performed to define V3-tropism in 123 samples using genotypic methods, including Geno2Pheno, WebPSSM, PhenoSeq, Net Charge and the 11/25 rule. Results: Among the samples studied, the HIV-1 R5 tropic viruses were predominant. However, X4 tropism could be a reason for the higher risk of treatment failure. A good accordance was observed between paired DNA/RNA tropism results. Conclusion: CCR5 inhibitors can be crucial in simplifying HIV treatment in Iranian patients. X4-virus is a risk factor for treatment failure. Proviral DNA (pvDNA) tropism result can be an appropriate target for V3-tropism determination.","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01Epub Date: 2023-12-07DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0146
Sambhavi Subramanian, Gretja Schnell, Julia di Iulio, Anil K Gupta, Adrienne E Shapiro, Elias H Sarkis, Amanda Lopuski, Amanda Peppercorn, Melissa Aldinger, Christy M Hebner, Andrea L Cathcart
Aim: Sotrovimab is an engineered human monoclonal antibody that binds a conserved region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The COMET-ICE phase III study evaluated sotrovimab for treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in nonhospitalized participants with ≥1 risk factor for severe disease progression. Materials & methods: We evaluated the presence of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern or interest (VOCs/VOIs) and characterized the presence of baseline, post-baseline and emergent amino acid substitutions detected in the epitope of sotrovimab in SARS-CoV-2. Results: None of the sotrovimab-treated participants with baseline epitope substitutions, and 1 of 48 sotrovimab-treated participants with post-baseline epitope substitutions, met the primary clinical endpoint for progression. Conclusion: Overall, progression was not associated with identified VOC/VOI or the presence of epitope substitutions in sotrovimab-treated participants.
{"title":"Resistance analysis following sotrovimab treatment in participants with COVID-19 during the phase III COMET-ICE study.","authors":"Sambhavi Subramanian, Gretja Schnell, Julia di Iulio, Anil K Gupta, Adrienne E Shapiro, Elias H Sarkis, Amanda Lopuski, Amanda Peppercorn, Melissa Aldinger, Christy M Hebner, Andrea L Cathcart","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Sotrovimab is an engineered human monoclonal antibody that binds a conserved region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The COMET-ICE phase III study evaluated sotrovimab for treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in nonhospitalized participants with ≥1 risk factor for severe disease progression. <b>Materials & methods:</b> We evaluated the presence of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern or interest (VOCs/VOIs) and characterized the presence of baseline, post-baseline and emergent amino acid substitutions detected in the epitope of sotrovimab in SARS-CoV-2. <b>Results:</b> None of the sotrovimab-treated participants with baseline epitope substitutions, and 1 of 48 sotrovimab-treated participants with post-baseline epitope substitutions, met the primary clinical endpoint for progression. <b>Conclusion:</b> Overall, progression was not associated with identified VOC/VOI or the presence of epitope substitutions in sotrovimab-treated participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10705769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future VirologyAhead of Print EditorialFree AccessGenotoxicity: a neglected but potentially critical aspect of adenoviral COVID-19 vaccinesAlireza Mardomi, Tahoora Mousavi, Farahnoosh Farnood & Hamid Tayebi KhosroshahiAlireza Mardomi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-8448Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences & Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IranSearch for more papers by this author, Tahoora Mousavi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-370XMolecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranSearch for more papers by this author, Farahnoosh Farnood https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-6881Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranSearch for more papers by this author & Hamid Tayebi Khosroshahi *Author for correspondence: Tel.: (+98)9146514509; E-mail Address: drtayebikh@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-0413Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:18 Oct 2023https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0013AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Keywords: adenoviral vaccinesCOVID-19genome integrationmutagenesisSARS-CoV-2A prophylactic immunization against the disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, can be achieved through vaccination [1]. Vaccination programs have had a remarkable impact on the control of the COVID-19 burden with reports of greater than 90% reductions in mortality rate observed in vaccinated individuals of all ages and reductions in hospitalization by 71–87% [2], though it should be noted that the efficacies of different vaccines against variants of SARS-CoV-2 are variable [1]. However, the long-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines may have been overlooked as a result of the immediacy of the pandemic. Some short-term side effects of the vaccines have gradually become evident; apart from general side effects such as fatigue, headaches, muscle pain and chills, COVID-19 vaccination has been shown to trigger the development of various autoantibodies associated with autoimmune diseases including IgA nephropathy and autoimmune vasculitis [3,4]. Adenoviral-based vaccines are one type of vaccine platform that has been developed for COVID-19 vaccination and warrants further investigation for their potential long-term side effects. These vaccines use a viral vector to deliver a genetic sequence encoding an immunogenic antigen into host cells to elicit transient antigen expression and a prophylactic immune response, but some reports suggest that they may have the potential for genome integration.Viruses have been harnessed as gene-delivery tools in genetic engineering for their biological functions and, while there are also non-viral gene-delivery approaches, viral vectors are known as the most efficient to
{"title":"Genotoxicity: a neglected but potentially critical aspect of adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines","authors":"Alireza Mardomi, Tahoora Mousavi, Farahnoosh Farnood, Hamid Tayebi Khosroshahi","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Future VirologyAhead of Print EditorialFree AccessGenotoxicity: a neglected but potentially critical aspect of adenoviral COVID-19 vaccinesAlireza Mardomi, Tahoora Mousavi, Farahnoosh Farnood & Hamid Tayebi KhosroshahiAlireza Mardomi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-8448Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences & Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IranSearch for more papers by this author, Tahoora Mousavi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-370XMolecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranSearch for more papers by this author, Farahnoosh Farnood https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-6881Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranSearch for more papers by this author & Hamid Tayebi Khosroshahi *Author for correspondence: Tel.: (+98)9146514509; E-mail Address: drtayebikh@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-0413Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:18 Oct 2023https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0013AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Keywords: adenoviral vaccinesCOVID-19genome integrationmutagenesisSARS-CoV-2A prophylactic immunization against the disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, can be achieved through vaccination [1]. Vaccination programs have had a remarkable impact on the control of the COVID-19 burden with reports of greater than 90% reductions in mortality rate observed in vaccinated individuals of all ages and reductions in hospitalization by 71–87% [2], though it should be noted that the efficacies of different vaccines against variants of SARS-CoV-2 are variable [1]. However, the long-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines may have been overlooked as a result of the immediacy of the pandemic. Some short-term side effects of the vaccines have gradually become evident; apart from general side effects such as fatigue, headaches, muscle pain and chills, COVID-19 vaccination has been shown to trigger the development of various autoantibodies associated with autoimmune diseases including IgA nephropathy and autoimmune vasculitis [3,4]. Adenoviral-based vaccines are one type of vaccine platform that has been developed for COVID-19 vaccination and warrants further investigation for their potential long-term side effects. These vaccines use a viral vector to deliver a genetic sequence encoding an immunogenic antigen into host cells to elicit transient antigen expression and a prophylactic immune response, but some reports suggest that they may have the potential for genome integration.Viruses have been harnessed as gene-delivery tools in genetic engineering for their biological functions and, while there are also non-viral gene-delivery approaches, viral vectors are known as the most efficient to","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01Epub Date: 2023-11-07DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0127
Soumik Goswami, Jayita Pal Chowdhury
The unprecedented scale of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has driven considerable investigation into novel antiviral treatments since effective vaccination strategies cannot completely eradicate the virus. Apitherapy describes the medicinal use of bee venom, which may be an effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bee venom contains chemicals that are antimicrobial and stimulate the immune system to counteract viral load. The present review focuses on the use of bee venom as a possible treatment for COVID-19 and reviews studies on the pharmacodynamics of bee venom.
{"title":"Antiviral attributes of bee venom as a possible therapeutic approach against SARS-CoV-2 infection.","authors":"Soumik Goswami, Jayita Pal Chowdhury","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The unprecedented scale of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has driven considerable investigation into novel antiviral treatments since effective vaccination strategies cannot completely eradicate the virus. Apitherapy describes the medicinal use of bee venom, which may be an effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bee venom contains chemicals that are antimicrobial and stimulate the immune system to counteract viral load. The present review focuses on the use of bee venom as a possible treatment for COVID-19 and reviews studies on the pharmacodynamics of bee venom.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134648780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01Epub Date: 2023-10-26DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0102
Abdullah R Alanzi, Mohammad K Parvez, Mohammed S Al-Dosari
Aim: Virtual screening of deep-sea fungal metabolites against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron spikes as potential antivirals. Materials & methods: Deep-sea fungal alkaloids (n ≥ 150) were evaluated against SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron spikes, using various in silico approaches, including Admet scores, physiochemical properties, molecular docking (MD) and MD simulation (150 ns). Results: The test alkaloids complied with Admet scores and physiochemical properties within acceptable ranges, and followed Lipinski's rule of five. Of these, Cladosporium sphaerospermum-derived cladosin K (tetramate alkaloid) for SARS-CoV-2, Cystobasidium laryngis-derived saphenol (phenazine alkaloid) for Delta and Chaetomium globosum-derived chaetoglobosin E (quinoline alkaloid) for Omicron were identified as potential spike-inhibitors. Conclusion: Our data therefore, strongly warrants further experimental validations of cladosin K, saphenol and chaetoglobosin E, especially against the Omicron and Delta spikes.
{"title":"<i>In silico</i> identification of deep-sea fungal alkaloids as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron spikes.","authors":"Abdullah R Alanzi, Mohammad K Parvez, Mohammed S Al-Dosari","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0102","DOIUrl":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Virtual screening of deep-sea fungal metabolites against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron spikes as potential antivirals. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Deep-sea fungal alkaloids (n ≥ 150) were evaluated against SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron spikes, using various <i>in silico</i> approaches, including Admet scores, physiochemical properties, molecular docking (MD) and MD simulation (150 ns). <b>Results:</b> The test alkaloids complied with Admet scores and physiochemical properties within acceptable ranges, and followed Lipinski's rule of five. Of these, <i>Cladosporium sphaerospermum</i>-derived cladosin K (tetramate alkaloid) for SARS-CoV-2, <i>Cystobasidium laryngis</i>-derived saphenol (phenazine alkaloid) for Delta and <i>Chaetomium globosum</i>-derived chaetoglobosin E (quinoline alkaloid) for Omicron were identified as potential spike-inhibitors. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our data therefore, strongly warrants further experimental validations of cladosin K, saphenol and chaetoglobosin E, especially against the Omicron and Delta spikes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71432221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01Epub Date: 2023-11-07DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2023-0036
Shahd A Mohammedain, Saif Badran, AbdelNaser Y Elzouki, Halla Salim, Ayesha Chalaby, Mya Siddiqui, Yehia Y Hussein, Hanan Abdul Rahim, Lukman Thalib, Mohammed Fasihul Alam, Daoud Al-Badriyeh, Sumaya Al-Maadeed, Suhail Ar Doi
Aim: This study aims to perform an external validation of a recently developed prognostic model for early prediction of the risk of progression to severe COVID-19. Patients & methods/materials: Patients were recruited at their initial diagnosis at two facilities within Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar. 356 adults were included for analysis. Predictors for progression of COVID-19 were all measured at disease onset and first contact with the health system. Results: The C statistic was 83% (95% CI: 78%-87%) and the calibration plot showed that the model was well-calibrated. Conclusion: The published prognostic model for the progression of COVID-19 infection showed satisfactory discrimination and calibration and the model is easy to apply in clinical practice.d.
{"title":"Validation of a risk prediction model for COVID-19: the PERIL prospective cohort study.","authors":"Shahd A Mohammedain, Saif Badran, AbdelNaser Y Elzouki, Halla Salim, Ayesha Chalaby, Mya Siddiqui, Yehia Y Hussein, Hanan Abdul Rahim, Lukman Thalib, Mohammed Fasihul Alam, Daoud Al-Badriyeh, Sumaya Al-Maadeed, Suhail Ar Doi","doi":"10.2217/fvl-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> This study aims to perform an external validation of a recently developed prognostic model for early prediction of the risk of progression to severe COVID-19. <b>Patients & methods/materials:</b> Patients were recruited at their initial diagnosis at two facilities within Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar. 356 adults were included for analysis. Predictors for progression of COVID-19 were all measured at disease onset and first contact with the health system. <b>Results:</b> The C statistic was 83% (95% CI: 78%-87%) and the calibration plot showed that the model was well-calibrated. <b>Conclusion:</b> The published prognostic model for the progression of COVID-19 infection showed satisfactory discrimination and calibration and the model is easy to apply in clinical practice.d.</p>","PeriodicalId":12505,"journal":{"name":"Future Virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134648781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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