Geoderma最新文献_第9页

Comprehensive influence of gravel cover and soil particle characteristics on wind erosion rate: A wind tunnel investigation 沙砾覆盖层和土壤颗粒特性对风蚀速率的综合影响：风洞研究

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117597

Jiahong Xu , Huiru Li , Xueyong Zou , Xiaomeng Geng

Gravel-covered surfaces are common in arid regions, where both natural and artificial gravels play a key role in suppressing soil wind erosion. Previous studies have often focused on specific regions or soil types, leaving the combined effect of gravel cover and soil particle characteristics on the wind erosion rate (q) underexplored. The main objective of this study was to clarify the combined effects of gravel cover and soil particle characteristics on q and to develop a predictive equation through wind tunnel experiments using four soil samples with different particle characteristics under five incoming friction wind velocity (u_*∞) for bare soil and 25 gravel-covered beds. Results showed that greater lateral coverage (λ) significantly suppressed q, but at high friction wind velocity (u_*) and low λ, q intensified. Soil particle characteristics affect bare and gravel-covered beds differently, indicating that traditional adjustment methods based on bare soil erosion were unsuitable. Random Forest (RF) algorithm was applied as an auxiliary tool to rank variables affecting wind erosion: for bare soil beds, u_*, mean particle diameter (d), density (ρ_p), sorting coefficient (σ), and sphericity (S_p); for gravel-covered beds, u_*, λ, S_p, σ, d, and ρ_p. The RF model achieved RMSE_Test of 0.010 kg·m⁻²·s⁻¹ for bare soil and 0.001 kg·m⁻²·s⁻¹ for gravel-covered beds. Based on these insights, we proposed an extended wind-blown soil flux equation incorporating λ and S_p. This new equation achieved an RMSE of 0.004 kg·m⁻²·s⁻¹. This equation effectively captures the combined effects of gravel cover and soil particle characteristics.

在干旱地区，砾石覆盖表面是常见的，天然和人工砾石在抑制土壤风蚀方面起着关键作用。以往的研究往往集中在特定的区域或土壤类型上，对砾石覆盖和土壤颗粒特征对风蚀率(q)的综合影响研究不足。本研究的主要目的是阐明砾石覆盖层和土壤颗粒特征对q的综合影响，并通过风洞试验建立了在5个入射摩擦风速（u*∞）下4个不同颗粒特征的土壤样品（裸土和25个砾石覆盖层）的预测方程。结果表明，较大的侧向覆盖（λ）显著抑制了q，但在高摩擦风速（u*）和低λ时，q增强。土壤颗粒特征对裸层和砾石覆盖层的影响不同，表明基于裸层土壤侵蚀的传统调整方法不适合。随机森林（Random Forest， RF）算法作为辅助工具对影响风蚀的变量进行排序：对于裸土床，u*分别为平均粒径(d)、密度（ρp）、分选系数（σ）和球形度（Sp）；对于砾石覆盖层，u*, λ, Sp, σ, d，和ρp。RF模型的RMSETest对裸土和砾石覆盖层分别为0.010 kg·m−2·s−1和0.001 kg·m−2·s−1。基于这些见解，我们提出了一个包含λ和Sp的扩展风吹土壤通量方程。该新方程的RMSE为0.004 kg·m−2·s−1。该方程有效地反映了砾石覆盖层和土壤颗粒特性的综合影响。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling the impact of tillage and consolidation on the vadose zone hydrological behavior for data-limited conditions 在数据有限的条件下，模拟耕作和固结对渗流带水文行为的影响

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117607

Giuseppe Brunetti , Radka Kodešová , Miroslav Fér , Antonín Nikodem , Aleš Klement , Jiri Šimunek

Traditional hydrological models often assume static soil hydraulic properties, neglecting the dynamic changes induced by agricultural practices and climatic stressors such as tillage and natural consolidation. However, it remains unclear if these changes produce long-term hydrological disturbances that undermine the static system modeling assumption. To address this gap, in this study, the HYDRUS-1D model is modified to simulate dynamic changes in soil bulk density and hydraulic properties induced by tillage and natural consolidation. The model is first verified against observations characterizing the joint temporal change of soil bulk density and hydraulic properties after tillage in a bare field soil in the USA. Next, Bayesian inference is combined with temporally sparse volumetric water content measurements collected from two agricultural hillslopes in Czechia, to statistically compare the dynamic model with its static counterpart. The analysis reveals that the increased complexity of the dynamic model does not lead to major fitting improvements, but instead increases the predictive uncertainty, thus suggesting that the hydrological impact of tillage-consolidation is not sufficient to outweigh the measurement errors, and it does not cause major changes in the long term hydrological balance of the system. In these conditions, the Richards-based solver with static soil hydraulic properties is sufficient to describe the hydrological behavior of the hillslopes, which the model reveals as being characterized by higher surface runoff and, thus, higher erosivity in the central part.

传统的水文模型通常假设土壤的静态水力特性，而忽略了由农业实践和气候压力因素（如耕作和自然固结）引起的动态变化。然而，目前尚不清楚这些变化是否会产生长期水文干扰，从而破坏静态系统建模假设。为了解决这一空白，本研究对HYDRUS-1D模型进行了改进，模拟了耕作和自然固结引起的土壤容重和水力特性的动态变化。该模型首先通过对美国裸地土壤耕作后土壤容重和水力特性联合时间变化的观测进行了验证。接下来，将贝叶斯推断与从捷克两个农业山坡收集的时间稀疏体积含水量测量相结合，对动态模型与静态模型进行统计比较。分析表明，动态模型复杂性的增加并没有导致拟合的重大改进，反而增加了预测的不确定性，这表明耕作固结的水文影响不足以超过测量误差，不会引起系统长期水文平衡的重大变化。在这些条件下，基于richards的具有静态土壤水力特性的求解器足以描述山坡的水文行为，该模型显示，山坡的特征是地表径流较高，因此中部的侵蚀力较高。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of the root–soil complex on soil infiltration stages and their temporal changes in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations 杉木人工林根-土复合体对土壤入渗阶段及其时间变化的影响

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117606

Qingbiao Rong , Mengge Yang , Yingying Deng , Mingquan Zhao , Yuliang Liao , Qingfang Tan , Tiansen Pan , Gairen Yang , Xinxiao Yu , Yuhan Huang

As the intensive monoculture plantations continue to expend, their water demand of these plantations is concurrently rising. Investigating the soil infiltration processes in plantations is essential for developing informed water resource management and appropriate ecological management practices. Field experiments were carried out to examine variations within soil infiltration among different-aged Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations (5-, 8-, 11-, and 15-year-old) using an improved surface double-ring infiltration infiltrometer. Results showed that soil infiltration rates improved as the forest matures. During the rapid infiltration phases, including initial infiltration rate , early-stage infiltration rate and mid-stage infiltration rate , the rates varied between 3374 to 10196 mm·h⁻¹. In the slow infiltration phases, including late-stage infiltration rate, steady infiltration rate , the rates ranged from 1022 to 3195 mm·h⁻¹. Soil structural indicators (clay and silt contents) were the primary physical factors responsible for differences in entire infiltration process across different plantation ages: increased clay content and decreased silt content enhanced soil infiltration. Furthermore, the effects of biochemical factors — soil organic matter and fine root density (FRD) — on infiltration rate exhibited significant stage specificity. Before the stable infiltration stage, FRD was the main factor inhibiting infiltration, and this inhibiting effect was evident in initial infiltration rate, early-stage infiltration rate, mid-stage infiltration rate, and late-stage infiltration rate. In contrast, soil organic matter showed a promoting effect on infiltration during the slow infiltration phase, with a particularly prominent enhancement on steady infiltration rate. The inhibiting effect of FRD decreased in the 15-year-old C. lanceolata plantation and notably increased in its infiltration rate. Consequently, to enhance soil infiltration, the rotation period for C. lanceolata plantations should ideally be extended beyond 15 years. These findings offer scientific foundations for promoting sustainable development and water conservation in subtropical plantations.

随着集约化单一栽培人工林的不断扩大，人工林的需水量也在不断增加。研究人工林的土壤入渗过程对于制定明智的水资源管理和适当的生态管理措施至关重要。采用改良的表面双环入渗仪，对不同树龄杉木人工林（5、8、11、15年）土壤入渗变化进行了研究。结果表明，随着森林的成熟，土壤入渗速率提高。在快速入渗阶段，包括初始入渗速率、早期入渗速率和中期入渗速率，速率在3374 ~ 10196 mm·h−1之间变化。在缓慢入渗阶段，包括后期入渗速率、稳定入渗速率，速率范围为1022 ~ 3195 mm·h−1。土壤结构指标（粘土和粉砂含量）是造成不同人工林年龄整个入渗过程差异的主要物理因素：粘土含量增加，粉砂含量减少，土壤入渗增强。土壤有机质和细根密度对入渗速率的影响表现出显著的阶段特异性。在稳定入渗阶段之前，FRD是抑制入渗的主要因素，这种抑制作用在初始入渗速率、早期入渗速率、中期入渗速率和后期入渗速率中都很明显。土壤有机质在慢入渗阶段对入渗有促进作用，对稳定入渗速率的促进作用尤为显著。在15年杉木人工林中，FRD的抑制作用减弱，其入渗速率显著增加。因此，为了提高土壤入渗，杉木人工林的轮作周期最好延长到15年以上。研究结果为促进亚热带人工林的可持续发展和节水提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Microbial necromass carbon dominates the accumulation of soil organic carbon in bedrock-exposed areas of karst regions 喀斯特地区基岩裸露区土壤有机碳的富集以微生物坏死体碳为主

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117604

Zhiyong Zhang , Chenghao Zheng , Tao Yang , Zihao Li , Xinjun Chen , Ansa Rebi , Liang Dong , Jinxing Zhou

Bedrock exposure alters the stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) in karst ecosystems; however, the responses of plant- and microbial-derived carbon—key indicators for assessing SOC stability—to bedrock exposure rates remain unclear. To address this, we employed lignin phenols and amino sugars as biomarkers to track plant-derived and microbial necromass carbon (MNC), respectively, across a bedrock exposure gradient (0 %–70 %). Our findings revealed that MNC contributed substantially more to SOC (30.37 %–40.83 %) than plant-derived lignin phenols (1.06 %–3.52 %), with fungal necromass identified as the dominant component of MNC. Both plant- and microbial-derived carbon exhibited significant nonlinear relationships with the bedrock exposure rate. Along the bedrock exposure gradient, mineral (Ca) provided a stabilization foundation for both carbon fractions, with lignin phenol accumulation further enhanced on humification and soil nutrient balance, and soil nutrient balance, and MNC accumulation further enhanced by microbial metabolic activity. This study elucidates the distinct stabilization mechanisms between plant- and microbial-derived carbon in karst soils, providing crucial mechanistic insight for predicting the persistence of soil carbon in rocky desertification environments.

基岩暴露改变喀斯特生态系统土壤有机碳稳定性然而，植物和微生物来源的碳-评估有机碳稳定性的关键指标-对基岩暴露率的响应仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们采用木质素酚和氨基糖作为生物标志物，分别在基岩暴露梯度（0% - 70%）上跟踪植物源性和微生物坏死块碳（MNC）。研究结果表明，MNC对土壤有机碳的贡献（30.37% - 40.83%）远高于植物源木质素酚（1.06% - 3.52%），真菌坏死块是MNC的主要成分。植物碳和微生物碳均与基岩暴露率呈显著的非线性关系。在基岩暴露梯度上，矿物（Ca）为两个碳组分提供了稳定的基础，木质素-苯酚积累进一步促进了腐殖质化和土壤养分平衡，土壤养分平衡，微生物代谢活动进一步促进了MNC积累。该研究阐明了喀斯特土壤中植物碳和微生物碳的不同稳定机制，为预测石漠化环境中土壤碳的持久性提供了重要的机制见解。

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引用次数: 0

Vegetation and permafrost interactions shape soil moisture stratification in marginal permafrost zones 植被和永久冻土带的相互作用形成了边缘永久冻土带的土壤水分分层

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117596

Yao Xiao , Guojie Hu , Lin Zhao , Erji Du , Ren Li , Tonghua Wu , Xiaodong Wu , Guangyue Liu , Defu Zou , Zanpin Xing , Nan Zhou , Yifan Wu

Permafrost degradation is reshaping soil moisture regimes in cold regions, yet the vertical structure and regulatory mechanisms of moisture remain underexplored in marginal permafrost zones. Here, we integrate 75 shallow profiles (0–3 m) and 15 boreholes (up to 20 m) across forests, grasslands, and wetlands in the Genhe Basin, Northeast China, to investigate how vegetation and permafrost jointly control volumetric water content (VWC). Vegetation—especially wetland cover—dominates the 0–0.5 m layer; a mid-depth coupling zone is evident where vegetation and permafrost jointly control VWC; and 1.5–2.0 m moisture maxima at permafrost sites reflect accumulation above the permafrost table. Machine learning and structural equation modeling reveal that surface characteristics (e.g., wetland cover, soil organic carbon) dominate shallow moisture, while bulk density and permafrost extent govern subsurface retention. Climatic effects operate indirectly through insulation and freeze–thaw buffering. These findings demonstrate a vertically stratified control system shaped by vegetation–permafrost interactions, underscoring the need to incorporate vertical coupling into process-based models.

永久冻土退化正在重塑寒冷地区的土壤水分状况，但在边缘永久冻土带，水分的垂直结构和调节机制仍未得到充分探索。在此，我们整合了中国东北根河流域森林、草原和湿地的75个浅剖面（0-3 m）和15个钻孔（高达20 m），以研究植被和多年冻土如何共同控制体积含水量（VWC）。植被，尤其是湿地覆盖，在0-0.5 m层占主导地位；植被和多年冻土共同控制水汽含量的中深度耦合带明显；永久冻土区1.5 ~ 2.0 m的最大含水率反映了永久冻土区水位以上的积累。机器学习和结构方程模型显示，地表特征（如湿地覆盖、土壤有机碳）主导浅层水分，而体积密度和永久冻土范围控制地下水分。气候效应通过绝缘和冻融缓冲间接起作用。这些发现证明了植被-永久冻土相互作用形成的垂直分层控制系统，强调了将垂直耦合纳入基于过程的模型的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Water migration driven by temperature gradients in confined clay channels 受温度梯度驱动的密闭粘土沟道水运移

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117594

Cuixia Wang , Caihong Zhang , Chao Zhang , Yongshen Wu , Quanhong Liu , Huaiping Feng , Hongyuan Fang

Frost heave is primarily caused by the formation of ice lenses, which is heavily influenced by water migration driven by temperature gradients. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying water migration in soil nanochannels under temperature gradients remain unclear. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the microstructural characteristics of water molecules, as well as the effects of temperature gradients and nanochannel wettability on water migration in confined clay channels. The results show that water migration is significantly influenced by the interplay of temperature gradient, ambient temperature, and channel surface properties. As the temperature gradient increases, water molecules migrate toward the colder region, with migration peaking at the gradients between 1.2 K/nm and 1.8 K/nm. Beyond this range, reducing atomic activity at lower temperatures limits water mobility. Hydrophilic surfaces interact with water molecules more strongly, promoting the formation of more hydrogen bonds and hourglass-like structures. Notably, single-sided hydrophilic nanochannels achieve water migration distances approximately 8.27 times greater than those of double-sided hydrophilic nanochannels, with a corresponding 6.75-fold increase in the driving force generated by temperature gradients. In contrast, double-sided hydrophobic nanochannels exhibit negligible water migration due to insufficient driving forces. This work offers a molecular-level understanding of the mechanisms driving water migration in frozen soils.

冻胀主要是由冰透镜的形成引起的，而冰透镜的形成受温度梯度驱动的水迁移的严重影响。然而，温度梯度下土壤纳米通道中水分迁移的分子机制尚不清楚。本文采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了水分子的微观结构特征，以及温度梯度和纳米通道润湿性对密闭粘土通道中水迁移的影响。结果表明，温度梯度、环境温度和通道表面性质对水的运移有显著影响。随着温度梯度的增大，水分子向较冷的区域迁移，迁移高峰出现在1.2 ~ 1.8 K/nm之间。超过这个范围，在较低温度下降低原子活度会限制水的流动性。亲水表面与水分子的相互作用更强，促进了更多氢键和沙漏状结构的形成。值得注意的是，单面亲水纳米通道的水迁移距离约为双面亲水纳米通道的8.27倍，温度梯度产生的驱动力增加了6.75倍。相反，由于驱动力不足，双面疏水纳米通道的水迁移可以忽略不计。这项工作提供了一个分子水平的机制的理解驱动水迁移在冻土。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling spatially explicit soil nitrogen mineralization potential in Northeast China: A meta-analysis coupled by experimental validation 揭示东北地区土壤氮矿化潜力的空间显性：一个meta分析与实验验证相结合

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117605

Yujuan Liu , Siyuan Cai , Yuqi Chen , Xiuyun Liu , Lingying Xu , Xu Zhao , Xiaoyuan Yan

Paddy rice systems in Northeast China rely on comparatively modest fertilizer nitrogen (N) inputs yet exhibit high N use efficiency, making the soil intrinsic N supply capacity a critical factor for rice production sustainability in this region. N mineralization potential (Nmp) underpins this capacity, but its regional behavior and controls remain poorly constrained. Here we compiled data from 15 peer-reviewed studies, augmented by an incubation experiment on 24 representative paddy soils, to create the first regional dataset of Nmp. Dynamic-kinetic fitting showed that mixed kinetics models best describe over 80 % of incubation curves, and meta-analysis yielded a region-wide mean Nmp of 113 mg N kg⁻¹. Using deep learning regression, permutation importance and SHapley additive explanations, we identified sand content, CEC, total N, total organic carbon, and growing degree day (GDD) as the dominant predictors of Nmp. The final model, trained jointly on literature and experimental data, explained 59 % of the variance in Nmp (RMSE = 36.4). Upscaling Nmp to a 250 m grid, using the refined deep-learning model and high-resolution soil properties and GDD layers, resolved a pronounced “north–south high, central low” pattern across the Northeast China rice cultivated region. Our integrated workflow—combining meta-analysis, process-based kinetics and interpretable machine learning—provided a transparent, spatially explicit assessment of soil N supply capacity in one of the Chinese most important rice-producing regions. This spatially explicit foundation offers a practical way for site-specific N fertilizer management considering the soil mineralizable-N reserves, upon which context-specific decisions that consider economic and social dimensions can be built.

东北地区水稻系统氮肥投入相对较少，但氮素利用效率较高，土壤内在氮供应能力是影响该地区水稻生产可持续性的关键因素。氮矿化潜力（Nmp）支撑了这一能力，但其区域行为和控制仍然缺乏约束。在这里，我们收集了来自15项同行评议研究的数据，并通过在24个具有代表性的水稻土壤上进行孵化实验来增强数据，从而创建了第一个Nmp区域数据集。动态-动力学拟合表明，混合动力学模型最能描述80%以上的孵化曲线，荟萃分析得出区域平均Nmp为113 mg N kg - 1。利用深度学习回归、排列重要性和SHapley加性解释，我们发现砂含量、CEC、全氮、总有机碳和生长度日（GDD）是Nmp的主要预测因子。最后的模型，在文献和实验数据的联合训练下，解释了Nmp中59%的方差（RMSE = 36.4）。利用改进的深度学习模型、高分辨率土壤特性和GDD层，将Nmp升级到250 m网格，解决了东北水稻种植区明显的“南北高，中部低”格局。我们的综合工作流程-结合元分析，基于过程的动力学和可解释的机器学习-为中国最重要的水稻产区之一的土壤氮供应能力提供了透明，空间明确的评估。这种空间上明确的基础为考虑土壤可矿化氮储量的特定地点氮肥管理提供了一种实用的方法，在此基础上可以建立考虑经济和社会维度的特定环境决策。

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引用次数: 0

Freeze-thaw cycles enhance dust emission from soil aggregates 冻融循环增加了土壤团聚体的粉尘排放

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117593

Zhenghu Ge , Kang Gao , Xiaoting Liu , Ning Huang , Kan He , Hongchao Dun

Dust particles play a crucial role in the formation and stability of soil aggregates, significantly influencing dust emissions from source areas. The gradual intensification of freeze–thaw cycles substantially affects soil erosion in alpine regions. However, the mechanisms governing aggregate stability during freeze–thaw cycles and the subsequent wind-driven dust emission processes remain unclear. In this paper, we present an experimental study into the microscopic changes in soil aggregates and the mechanisms of dust emission resulting from repeated freeze–thaw cycles. Specifically, we analyze the effects of the number of freeze–thaw cycles on dust emission, erosion rates, and dust contribution rates. Our results show that freeze–thaw cycles cause the deflection and separation of aggregates, increase surface porosity, promote localized particle fragmentation, and generate new particulate matter. The erosion rate of soil aggregates and the vertical dust release flux both increased with the number of freeze–thaw cycles, eventually stabilizing at levels 1.5 and 1.8 times higher, respectively, than those observed on unfrozen surfaces. Additionally, freeze–thaw cycles enhanced dust emission from dry soil aggregates, increasing the contribution to soil erosion by 22 %, with a significant increase in dust particle concentrations in the 10 to 32 μm range. This study provides valuable insights into the structural changes in soil aggregates and the mechanisms of dust emission under freeze–thaw conditions.

沙尘颗粒对土壤团聚体的形成和稳定起着至关重要的作用，对沙尘源区的排放具有重要影响。冻融循环的逐渐加剧对高寒地区的土壤侵蚀具有重要影响。然而，在冻融循环和随后的风沙排放过程中，控制骨料稳定性的机制尚不清楚。本文对冻融循环引起的土壤团聚体微观变化和沙尘排放机制进行了实验研究。具体来说，我们分析了冻融循环次数对沙尘排放、侵蚀率和沙尘贡献率的影响。研究结果表明，冻融循环导致团聚体偏转和分离，增加表面孔隙度，促进局部颗粒破碎，并产生新的颗粒物质。土壤团聚体侵蚀速率和垂直沙尘释放通量均随冻融循环次数的增加而增加，最终稳定在1.5倍和1.8倍的水平。此外，冻融循环增加了干燥土壤团聚体的粉尘排放，对土壤侵蚀的贡献增加了22%，10 ~ 32 μm范围内的粉尘浓度显著增加。该研究对冻融条件下土壤团聚体的结构变化和沙尘排放机制提供了有价值的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Iron-Sulfur reduction coupling Controls Cadmium and arsenic dynamics in paddy Soil-Rice Systems: Insights from biogeochemical cycling 铁硫还原耦合控制水稻土壤-水稻系统中镉和砷的动态：来自生物地球化学循环的见解

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117603

Yuepeng Yin , Xin Tang , Yurong Wang , Changfeng Ding , Zhigao Zhou , Xingxiang Wang

It is widely recognized that iron-sulfur (Fe-S) reduction is a dominant biogeochemical process in paddy soils. Individually, Fe or S remediation techniques have been proven effective in reducing the accumulation of Cd or As in rice grains. However, the combined effects of Fe-S remediation technology on Cd/As co-contaminated paddy soil remain unclear. This study investigated the dynamic effects of Fe and S reduction on Cd and As in soil-rice systems by adding typical iron oxides (ferrihydrite) and sulfates (potassium sulfate) in pot experiments. Unexpectedly, the Fe-S reduction technique had a contrary influence on the migration behavior of Cd and As. Fe-S coupling reduction resulted in synergistic remediation, with a greater effect (61.4%) than that of either of the individual methods (46.3%, 43.2%). This was attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe-S passivators, with Fe-S-coupled reduction stabilizing the structures of amorphous iron oxides and facilitating the formation of FeS, thereby enhancing Cd immobilization. Interestingly, the biogeochemical effects of sulfur-induced arsenic reduction exhibited a double-edged effect, both decreasing total soluble As through sulfide formation and simultaneously facilitating the biotransformation and mobilization of methylarsenic species in pore water, ultimately resulting in increased dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) accumulation in rice grains. While Fe reduction remediation alone decreased As accumulation in the rice grains by 13.6%, sulfate addition resulted in a 120% increase in DMA facilitated by sulfate reduction. Given rice’s tendency to hyperaccumulate methylated substances compared to inorganic As, this led to a 41.3% increase in the total As content in the grains. Additionally, although Fe-S coupling remediation technology synergistically increased iron plaque formation on the root surface (47.8%) and enhanced the blocking effect of this iron plaque on Cd/As (57.9%/33.7%), DMA produced by sulfate-mediated methylation appeared to suppress the retention capability of this plaque. Overall, the findings emphasize that Fe-S biogeochemistry and cycling have inconsistent effects on the migration of Cd/As, suggesting that selective Fe and S remediation strategies should be applied accordingly in situations involving heavy metal pollution.

铁硫还原（Fe-S）是水稻土中主要的生物地球化学过程。单独来看，铁或硫修复技术已被证明可以有效地减少稻米中镉或砷的积累。然而，Fe-S复合修复技术对Cd/As共污染水稻土的修复效果尚不清楚。通过盆栽试验，研究了土壤-水稻系统中添加典型氧化铁（水合铁）和硫酸盐（硫酸钾）对铁和硫还原对镉和砷的动态影响。出乎意料的是，Fe-S还原技术对Cd和As的迁移行为有相反的影响。Fe-S偶联还原导致了协同修复，其效果（61.4%）高于单独修复的效果（46.3%,43.2%）。这是由于Fe-S钝化剂的协同作用，Fe-S耦合还原稳定了非晶氧化铁的结构，促进了FeS的形成，从而增强了Cd的固定化。有趣的是，硫诱导砷还原的生物地球化学效应呈现出双刃剑效应，既通过硫化物形成减少可溶性总砷，同时促进孔隙水中甲基larsenic物种的生物转化和动员，最终导致稻米中二甲larsinic酸（DMA）的积累增加。单独的铁还原修复使水稻籽粒中As的积累减少了13.6%，而硫酸盐的添加使硫酸盐还原促进的DMA增加了120%。考虑到与无机砷相比，水稻甲基化物质倾向于过度积累，这导致籽粒中总砷含量增加41.3%。此外，尽管Fe-S偶联修复技术协同增加了根表面铁斑块的形成（47.8%），并增强了铁斑块对Cd/As的阻断作用（57.9%/33.7%），但硫酸盐介导的甲基化产生的DMA似乎抑制了该斑块的保留能力。总体而言，研究结果强调Fe-S生物地球化学和循环对Cd/As迁移的影响不一致，提示在重金属污染情况下应采用选择性Fe和S修复策略。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic plant-soil feedback under multi-stubble and straw amendment systems: Fungal guild-mediated rhizosphere processes drive plant growth 多茬秸秆改良系统下植物-土壤动态反馈：真菌行会介导的根际过程驱动植物生长

IF 6.6 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Geoderma

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117599

Peng He , Xuewei Wang , Jianing Wang , Dijun Zhang , Rui Li , Ning Ling , Tengfei Ma

Plant-soil feedback (PSF) processes represent fundamental drivers of ecosystem succession, yet the dynamic characteristics and regulatory mechanisms under combined multi-stubble planting and straw amendment systems remain insufficiently understood. In this study, a controlled greenhouse-based PSF experimental system incorporating multi-stubble planting (0, 1, 3, and 5 stubbles) and gradient straw amendments (0, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), along with a long-term maize monoculture control (5 stubbles), was established to investigate the soil legacy effects on subsequent maize (Zea mays L.) growth performance. By assessing the variation patterns of root-associated fungal communities (rhizosphere vs. endosphere), and bulk soil physicochemical properties of maize, we elucidated microecological mechanisms governing PSF dynamics. Our results showed that compared with straw amendments, multi-stubble planting of alfalfa exhibited a greater impact on the growth performance of subsequent maize. Increasing frequency of multi-stubble planting of alfalfa shifted maize PSF effects (calculated as ln-transformed maize total biomass differences between conspecific and heterospecific soils) toward negative feedback, while straw amendments effectively mitigated this trend. Compared to root endophytic fungal community, maize rhizosphere fungal community were predominantly governed by deterministic processes, serving as a key biotic predictor of PSF. Furthermore, rhizosphere fungal guilds (saprotrophs, symbiotrophs, and pathotrophs) actively modified the PSF dynamics, particularly through pathogenic guilds, promoting a shift toward positive feedback effects. Such mediation processes demonstrated significant correlations with soil inorganic nitrogen availability and multifunctionality. These findings provide important implications for advancing resource-efficient ecological agriculture through targeted management of rhizosphere microbial guilds and synergistic improvement of nutrient cycling efficiency.

植物-土壤反馈（PSF）过程是生态系统演替的基本驱动因素，但对多茬种植和秸秆改良组合系统的动态特征和调控机制尚不清楚。本研究建立了苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）多茬种植（0、1、3和5茬）和秸秆梯度改良（0、40%、60%、80%和100%）以及玉米长期单茬栽培（5茬）的可控温室PSF试验系统，以研究土壤遗留对玉米（Zea mays L.）后续生长性能的影响。通过对玉米根际真菌群落（根际与内圈）的变化规律和土壤理化性质的分析，阐明了控制土壤真菌生长动态的微生态机制。结果表明，与秸秆改良相比，苜蓿多茬种植对后续玉米生长性能的影响更大。苜蓿多茬种植频率的增加使玉米PSF效应（以同种和异种土壤间玉米总生物量差异计算）向负反馈方向转变，而秸秆改良有效地缓解了这一趋势。与根内生真菌群落相比，玉米根际真菌群落主要受确定性过程控制，是PSF的关键生物预测因子。此外，根际真菌行会（腐养菌、共生菌和致病性菌）积极地改变PSF动态，特别是通过致病性行会，促进向正反馈效应的转变。这种调节过程与土壤无机氮有效性和多功能性具有显著的相关性。这些发现对通过有针对性地管理根际微生物行会和协同提高养分循环效率来推进资源节约型生态农业具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0