Geoderma最新文献

{"title":"Vegas (Mallínes): Patagonian wetlands still underexplored by soil science. An international and multidisciplinary effort to highlight their soil-based ecosystems functions","authors":"J. Ivelic-Sáez ,&nbsp;S. Valle ,&nbsp;D. Dec ,&nbsp;J. Dörner ,&nbsp;J.L. Arumí ,&nbsp;F. Matus ,&nbsp;P. Vargas ,&nbsp;V. Utrilla ,&nbsp;R. Hedl ,&nbsp;O. Balocchi ,&nbsp;C. Sáez ,&nbsp;I. Ordóñez ,&nbsp;J. Valenzuela ,&nbsp;S. Radic-Schilling","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patagonian “<em>Vegas</em>” are unique wetland ecosystems located in the arid and semi-arid steppe of Austral Patagonia (41–55°S), a region that remains largely unexplored by soil science, despite its ecological importance. Therefore, this study aims to assess the contribution of <em>Vegas</em> to key soil-based ecosystem functions—biomass production, water regulation, carbon sequestration, and nutrient content—and to evaluate their degradation status through a classification soil-based model. To meet the objectives of this study, a global bibliometric analysis (4283 publications) and a regional bibliometric analysis (55 publications) were carried out. Meanwhile, it produced a descriptive statistical summary (with 998 data points) and classification models for the ecological condition of the <em>Vegas</em> (with 322 data points).</div><div>Compared with the vast number of wetland studies conducted in the Northern Hemisphere, our regional bibliographic analysis revealed a relative scarcity of research focused on Patagonian <em>Vegas</em>. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that well-preserved <em>Vegas</em> store up to 300 Mg C ha⁻¹, hold an average of 8500 m³ water ha⁻¹ (0–200 cm depth), and maintain high productivity across diverse hydrological and landscape gradients. Degradation, however, can reduce these capacities by up to 20 %. Using key soil parameters such as—pH, organic carbon, water holding capacity, and electrical conductivity—a Random Forest model was developed to classify the soil ecological condition of <em>Vegas</em>, achieving an overall classification accuracy of 67 %. This work highlights the role of Patagonian <em>Vegas</em> as critical carbon and water reservoirs, which is particularly relevant due to the ongoing climate warming where exacerbated organic C decomposition can take place. Furthermore, we state a clear definition of <em>Vegas</em> to use by future conservation and land-use strategies. Given their high vulnerability to grazing, agricultural and other management pressures, the implementation of climate-based monitoring tools is critical to safeguard their ecological integrity and to ensure the sustainable provision of ecosystem services in one of the world’s most climate-sensitive regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117616"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145593032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage-specific responses and shifting regulatory mechanisms of ecosystem multifunctionality along a grassland degradation gradient","authors":"Jianlu Wu ,&nbsp;Yaru Rong ,&nbsp;Lei Wu ,&nbsp;Deli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Worldwide grassland degradation undermines ecosystem functioning, thereby affecting the sustainable utilisation of grassland ecosystems. However, the response patterns and underlying regulatory mechanisms of the ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) in grasslands along degradation gradients remain poorly understood. This study systematically evaluated the variation trends of EMF and its driving factors across four typical degradation stages in a temperate grassland ecosystem. The results indicate a typical hump-shaped pattern of EMF along the degradation gradient, peaking at light degradation and declining markedly with increasing severity. This variation is jointly regulated by the direct and indirect effects of multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Specifically, fungal richness was the strongest predictor in non-degraded grasslands but showed a negative correlation with EMF; during light to moderate degradation stages, microbial diversity combined with soil carbon and nitrogen content jointly promoted EMF; whereas in heavily degraded stages, soil bulk density emerged as the dominant limiting factor, reflecting pronounced physical stress. EMF regulation shifts along the degradation gradient, from biotic to resource to physical control, showing complex nonlinearity and context dependence. This study reveals stage-specific responses and alternative regulatory mechanisms of grassland multifunctionality at fine degradation scales, providing a basis for targeted grassland restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117629"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of aeolian sediment transport and their influencing factors among different land use types","authors":"Yibin Liu ,&nbsp;Baoyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Jiaqiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang He ,&nbsp;Qi Cao ,&nbsp;Qiong Peng ,&nbsp;Tao Huang ,&nbsp;Bin Xia ,&nbsp;Qiuxing Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil wind erosion poses significant threats to the environment and human health, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Different land use types can greatly influence the aeolian sediment transport process. However, the existing research on the characteristics of aeolian sediment transport still lacks profound exploration, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the process of wind erosion. This study was conducted at a representative arid region highly susceptible to wind erosion called Yanchi County in Hedong Sandy Land, China. The study combined positioning observations using modified BSNE sediment samplers. We quantified the magnitude of aeolian horizontal sediment flux among different land use types and analyzed the characteristics across seasons, directions, and various heights and revealed the influence mechanisms of land use types on wind erosion. The research indicated that the average horizontal sediment flux in cropland (3.11 kg m^-1) was 1.3, 4.6 and 6.6 times greater than that in grazing-grassland, enclosed-grassland and shrubland, respectively. Seasonal variations in cropland, grazing-grassland, and shrubland all presented greater average horizontal sediment flux in spring and winter than in summer and autumn, whereas enclosed-grassland presented greater average horizontal sediment flux in spring and autumn than in summer and winter. The average horizontal sediment flux in cropland and grazing-grassland was significantly greater in the east and southeast directions than in the other directions, potentially posing dust storm hazards to downwind cities. The rate of vertical decrease in sediment flux within the 0–2 m layer in cropland (0.192 g cm^-1) and grazing-grassland (0.071 g cm^-1) was significantly greater than in enclosed-grassland (0.015 g cm^-1) and shrubland (0.013 g cm^-1). Furthermore, the impacts of wind, soil, and vegetation-related factors on sediment flux are substantial and exhibit marked heterogeneity across different land use types. The specific directions of strong aeolian sediment transport land types warrant particular attention. These findings enhance the understanding of wind erosion mechanisms and provide a scientific basis for targeted wind erosion control measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117623"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive culture of anecic earthworms (Amynthas aspergillum) under monoculture and coculture: impacts on vertical soil organic carbon accumulation via regulating microbial biomass and community structure in South China","authors":"Menghao Zhang ,&nbsp;Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Li ,&nbsp;Hesen Zhong ,&nbsp;Cevin Tibihenda ,&nbsp;Kunzheng Cai ,&nbsp;Dongbin Sun ,&nbsp;Yugong Pang ,&nbsp;Kexue Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of diversified agricultural management practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) have garnered increasing attention. However, intensive culture of anecic earthworms (ICAE) is a distinctive agricultural practice in South China that encompasses both monoculture and coculture systems, and its impacts on SOC content and fractions remains poorly understood. This study conducted a two-year field experiment with four treatments: Untreated control (C), a crop of trees <em>Lonicera japonica</em> (LJ), monoculture of earthworms <em>Amynthas aspergillum</em> (AA), and plant-earthworm coculture of <em>L. japonica</em> and <em>A. aspergillum</em> (LJ-AA). Contents and fractions of SOC, including mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), were measured along the 0–80 cm soil profile. Additionally, soil pH, enzyme activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, β-D-glucosidase, and cellobiohydrolase, as well as the contents of phospholipid fatty acids, were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying ICAE-induced soil carbon sequestration. Results showed that compared to control, monoculture of <em>A. aspergillum</em> significantly increased the SOC content in the 0–40 cm soil profile by +61 to 77 %, while coculturing <em>L. japonica</em> and <em>A. aspergillum</em> increased SOC content of the whole 0–80 cm soil profile by +9.3 to 106 %. ICAE significantly increased total microbial biomass in the 0–20 cm soil layer, while reducing both the fungal-bacterial ratio and gram-positive to gram-negative bacterial ratio in the 60–80 cm layer. Additionally, ICAE significantly decreased peroxidase activity in the 60–80 cm soil layer, Polyphenol oxidase activity in the 20–40 cm soil layer, and β-D-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activities in the 40–60 cm and 60–80 cm soil layers. Partial least squares path analysis revealed that ICAE positively affected microbial biomass through direct action and indirect pH regulation, while negatively affecting community structure. Both microbial biomass and community structure mediated POC formation, which in turn facilitated MAOC accumulation. Finally, SOC accumulation occurred via POC and MAOC formation. In conclusion, ICAE promotes vertical SOC accumulation by regulating microbial biomass and community structure, and POC serves as the key fraction that drives MAOC enhancement and SOC accumulation. Notably, the coculture exhibits greater potential to promote SOC sequestration and microbial growth compared to monoculture, representing a more advantageous agricultural management system. To further validate the generalizability of these findings, future research should establish decadal-scale monitoring experiments and verify their applicability across diverse soil types and plant species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen fertilization accelerated early-stage decomposition but suppressed late-stage decomposition: a ten-year experiment in a Dahurian larch plantation","authors":"Long Ling ,&nbsp;Björn Berg ,&nbsp;Tao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding litter decomposition processes is essential for predicting carbon cycling under global change. Although nitrogen (N) deposition has been widely studied, most research emphasizes short-term effects, leaving long-term dynamics poorly understood. Here, we report a ten-year decomposition experiment of larch foliar litter under different N-fertilization treatments. Decomposition rates were modeled using single-exponential, double-exponential, and asymptotic models to capture temporal dynamics. We measured extracellular enzyme activities (β-1,4-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, endocellulase, phenol oxidase and peroxidase) and initial litter traits (nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, manganese, non-structural carbohydrates, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) to identify underlying mechanisms. N-fertilization accelerated early-stage decomposition by enhancing cellulolytic enzyme activity but suppressed ligninolytic activity at later stages, resulting in the accumulation of recalcitrant organic matter. Among models, the asymptotic function best described the decomposition trajectory, highlighting the importance of slow-decomposing fractions for long-term carbon retention. Our findings demonstrate that N-fertilization alters decomposition trajectories through stage-dependent microbial mechanisms, with implications for carbon turnover in forest ecosystems. Incorporating both N and nutrient interactions into decomposition models may improve carbon cycle predictions under changing environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117608"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into enhanced nitrogen retention and microbial nitrogen cycling in soil–plant systems mediated by hydrogen peroxide-modified biochar","authors":"Victor Manna Samson ,&nbsp;Xi Yang ,&nbsp;Zijun Li ,&nbsp;Yihui Yu ,&nbsp;Wenlong Tu ,&nbsp;Yanling Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Minimizing nitrogen (N) loss from fertilized soils remains a critical environmental challenge. While modified biochars can improve N management, concerns about cost, pollution trade-offs, and secondary environmental risks underscore the need for cleaner alternatives. This study evaluated hydrogen peroxide-modified biochars from poultry manure and rice straw for their effects on N retention, plant uptake, and microbial dynamics. A column and pot experiments were conducted, with ¹⁵N-labeled urea applied in the pot experiment. Treatments included oxidized rice straw biochar at 1 % (ORBH) and 0.5 % (ORBL), its raw form (RB); oxidized poultry manure biochar at 1 % (OPBH) and 0.5 % (OPBL), its raw form (PB); fertilizer-only (F); and a control. The ORBH and OPBH significantly reduced ammonium leaching by 32 % and 29 % relative to F, and by 20 % and 8 % than their raw forms. Nitrate leaching decreased by 59 % (ORBH) and 61 % (OPBH) versus F, and by 51 % and 22 % compared to RB and PB, respectively. Enhanced N retention was attributed to improved surface properties of oxidized biochar that increased N sorption. Oxidized biochars also decreased urease activity and slowed N transformation, promoting better immobilization-mineralization turnover. Fertilizer recovery was significantly higher in ORBH (75 %) and OPBH (60 %) than in F (43 %). Predicted gene abundances of key N-cycling microbes were higher under ORBH and OPBH, potentially reflecting a slow-release N effect that enhanced plant uptake. These findings demonstrate that oxidized biochars can serve as effective soil amendments to enhance fertilizer N efficiency and reduce N losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117614"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation patterns around growing roots using X-ray CT and digital volume correlation","authors":"Ulla Rosskopf ,&nbsp;Daniel Uteau ,&nbsp;Stephan Peth","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As roots grow into soils, particles are displaced causing a process of soil restructuring in the vicinity of the roots. To date, a systematic approach to the investigation of factors influencing deformation patterns, including displacement and strain, has not been conducted. To achieve this objective, a soil column experiment was performed within a growth chamber, designed to compare the impact of two factors – substrate and maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) genotype – on the observed patterns. X-ray computer tomography (X-ray CT) scans obtained prior to the initiation of root growth provided a reference state, while the deformed state was examined after a period of six days. Digital volume correlation (DVC) was applied with DaVis (LaVision, Göttingen, Germany) and resulting values were localized in relation to the root. In sand, the ratio of root volume to soil volume was higher, and diameters of tap roots and seminal roots were larger than in loam. The extent and the magnitude of radial displacement (displace_rad) around roots were more pronounced in the sand, and a wider strain zone was found around tap roots in this substrate. In loam, the roots with a larger diameter (&gt;0.8 mm) cause more deformation, whereas in sand diameter class had less impact on the amount of deformation. The genotype with root hairs was associated with a larger extent of soil deformation around the root. As high displacement values throughout the samples overshadowed local particle movement, strain has been shown to be a more reliable measure for depicting deformation patterns around roots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117613"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale drivers and tipping points regulating particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon across Central Asian grasslands","authors":"Guangyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jiangyue Li ,&nbsp;Jiefei Mao ,&nbsp;Lianlian Fan ,&nbsp;Xuexi Ma ,&nbsp;Wenbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuanye Liang ,&nbsp;Tingting Hui ,&nbsp;Yaoming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drylands constitute more than 40 % of Earth’s land surface and play a vital role in the global carbon cycle. However, the responses of key soil organic carbon fractions, specifically mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), to environmental changes in arid grasslands remain poorly understood, limiting reliable climate projections and effective carbon management. Here, we integrated systematic sampling conducted at 355 sites across grasslands in Central Asia (e.g., Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan) with interpretable machine learning model to quantify the drivers along environmental gradients and tipping points regulating MAOC and POC. Our results revealed that both MAOC and POC decreased with increasing temperature, with MAOC exhibiting greater sensitivity in the subsurface layer. Net primary productivity (NPP) was the primary driver of MAOC and POC, but via distinct pathways, POC accumulation reflects the direct input of plant residues, whereas MAOC formation depends on microbial transformation and mineral stabilization and is influenced by broader climatic and edaphic gradients. Tipping point analyses revealed distinct nonlinear response patterns. For POC, accumulation was enhanced only when NPP exceeded 0.41 in both soil layers, and bulk density promoted POC storage below 1.06 g cm⁻³ in surface soil and 1.08 g cm⁻³ in subsurface soil. For MAOC, accumulation increased only when NPP exceeded 0.36 in the surface layer and 0.51 in the subsurface layer, whereas it was suppressed when soil pH increased above 6.70 and 7.45, respectively. Our study provides the first quantitative analysis of environmental drivers and tipping points for POC and MAOC in grasslands of Central Asia across multidimensional environmental gradients. These insights highlight that soil carbon management in drylands should consider distinct stabilization mechanisms: in low-clay and drier soils, strategies may focus on enhancing MAOC persistence through regulating soil chemical environments and mineral availability, whereas in relatively wetter areas, promoting plant productivity is likely more effective for sustaining POC sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117610"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of tree species richness on topsoil carbon and fungal diversity in European planted mixed forests are modulated by environmental conditions","authors":"Ramona Werner ,&nbsp;Joel Jensen ,&nbsp;Petra Fransson ,&nbsp;Christel Baum ,&nbsp;Hans Sandén ,&nbsp;Boris Rewald ,&nbsp;Douglas L. Godbold ,&nbsp;Mathias Mayer ,&nbsp;Joannès Guillemot ,&nbsp;Agnès Robin ,&nbsp;Pedro H.S. Brancalion ,&nbsp;Julia Koricheva ,&nbsp;Quentin Ponette ,&nbsp;Bart Muys ,&nbsp;Kris Verheyen ,&nbsp;Michael Scherer-Lorenzen ,&nbsp;Jürgen Bauhus ,&nbsp;Friderike Beyer ,&nbsp;Peter Hajek ,&nbsp;Hervé Jactel ,&nbsp;Martin Weih","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed-species forests have emerged as a promising approach to mitigate climate change impacts through enhanced carbon (C) sequestration while maintaining productivity, biodiversity, and other ecosystem services. However, we still have a poor understanding of the context-dependency of soil C sequestration in tree mixtures, particularly how it is influenced by plant-soil-microbe interactions and environmental conditions.</div><div>Using soil samples collected from nine European sites within the global network of tree diversity experiments, TreeDivNet, we examined how tree species richness is associated with topsoil C stocks, fungal community composition and diversity, and their interactions. We further investigated the influence of biotic, edaphic, and climatic factors on the relationship between tree richness and topsoil C stocks. We hypothesised that increased tree species richness leads to increased topsoil C stocks and fungal diversity, and that this effect is modulated by site-specific interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.</div><div>Overall, we found topsoil C stocks in stands with high tree diversity to be greater than in monocultures across the study sites. Lower soil fertility, cooler mean annual temperatures, and lower interannual variability of temperature and precipitation were found to correlate with positive effects of tree diversity on soil C stocks. While tree diversity did not directly influence fungal diversity, topsoil C stocks were positively correlated to fungal species richness. In addition, fungal richness showed a positive correlation with the net diversity effect of tree mixtures on topsoil C, suggesting that fungal diversity may be one of several factors contributing to the context-dependency of tree diversity effects on soil C stocks.</div><div>Our study shows that tree species diversity can increase topsoil C storage across Europe, influenced both directly and indirectly by fungal diversity and environmental conditions. The mediation of direct and indirect linkages between tree diversity, fungal diversity and topsoil C stocks by local abiotic context highlights the need to improve our mechanistic understanding for site-specific management of soil C sequestration in tree mixtures to promote climate change mitigation in European forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117591"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of fine root- and mycelium-derived carbon on soil organic carbon in response to warming in an alpine meadow","authors":"Long Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiuxiang Tian ,&nbsp;Yan Yang ,&nbsp;Qinghu Jiang ,&nbsp;Carsten W Müller ,&nbsp;Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant carbon (C) inputs through fine roots and extramatrical mycelia (EMM) play a crucial role in driving soil organic C (SOC) pools. However, few studies have explored the distinct roles of fine roots and EMM on SOC accumulation, how these inputs drive the priming effect (PE) on native SOC decomposition, and how warming affects these processes in climate-sensitive alpine meadow ecosystems. In this study, we placed ingrowth cores with different mesh sizes (2 mm, 48 μm, and 1 μm) containing C₄ soil in the field to quantify fine root- and EMM-derived C into particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and their impact on the decomposition of native SOC in an alpine meadow in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for 3 years under experimental warming (∼2.4 °C). The results showed that fine roots promote SOC accumulation, particularly as MAOC. In general, newly sequestered C derived from fine roots exceeded the loss of native C via PE induced by fine root C input. In contrast, EMM had no effect on SOC as EMM-derived C inputs were counterbalanced by native C decomposition induced by EMM. Additionally, fine root-derived new SOC and new MAOC were significantly higher than that derived from EMM, while the PE induced by fine roots and EMM showed no significant difference. These findings suggested that warming (∼2.4 °C) had no detectable effect on SOC pool, new SOC inputs, and the PE on native SOC decomposition. However, warming mitigated the loss of native POC induced by either EMM or fine roots. In summary, fine roots play a leading role in SOC accumulation and warming (∼2.4 °C) has minor effects on SOC dynamics in the alpine meadows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 117598"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}