Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117173
Bixiao Yu, Xue Pan, Haitao Wu, Dong Liu
Body size and reproductive strategies are usuallyconnected to several important ecological processes and have drawn the interest of numerous researchers. While numerous studies have investigated the patterns of body size or reproductive mode across elevation gradients, few studies focused on the variations in body size along environmental gradients between taxa in different reproductive modes. Here, we investigated how abundance and body size of sexual and parthenogenetic oribatid mites change along an altitudinal gradient in Changbai Mountain. The results indicated that the community-weighted mean (CWM) body size of sexual taxa was lowest at 1800 m mainly attributing to precipitation. The percentage of parthenogenetic individuals was higher at 600 m, 1600 m and 2200 m compared to other altitudes. Temperature and precipitation accounted for most of the variation in soil oribatid mite communities. Parthenogenetic species accounted for almost half of the total species suggesting parthenogenetic reproduction wins in the harsh environment. However, parthenogenetic species were more frequent in litter than soil indicating they were more susceptible to resource availability. Sexual taxa were considered exploiting resources more efficiently in soil layer as they produce genetically diverse offspring. Further, sexual taxa had larger body size in litter compared to soil habitats, their body size positively correlated with C:N ratio indicating the food resources are important in body size variations between different reproductive modes. The body size of parthenogenetic taxa was negatively related to C:P and N:P ratio suggesting that phosphorus probably increased the availability of certain food resources. The different use of resources contribute to variations in body size between sexual and parthenogenetic taxa. Our findings highlight the variations of functional traits across environmental gradients, provide new insight into climate and resource driving shifts in body size and reproductive mode among oribatid mites inhabiting mountain ranges.
{"title":"Variations in body size and reproductive mode of oribatid mites along an altitudinal gradient in a temperate mountain region","authors":"Bixiao Yu, Xue Pan, Haitao Wu, Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117173","url":null,"abstract":"Body size and reproductive strategies are usually<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>connected to several important ecological processes and have drawn the interest of numerous researchers. While numerous studies have investigated the patterns of body size or reproductive mode across elevation gradients, few studies focused on the variations in body size along environmental gradients between taxa in different reproductive modes. Here, we investigated how abundance and body size of sexual and parthenogenetic oribatid mites change along an altitudinal gradient in Changbai Mountain. The results indicated that the community-weighted mean (CWM) body size of sexual taxa was lowest at 1800 m mainly attributing to precipitation. The percentage of parthenogenetic individuals was higher at 600 m, 1600 m and 2200 m compared to other altitudes. Temperature and precipitation accounted for most of the variation in soil oribatid mite communities. Parthenogenetic species accounted for almost half of the total species suggesting parthenogenetic reproduction wins in the harsh environment. However, parthenogenetic species were more frequent in litter than soil indicating they were more susceptible to resource availability. Sexual taxa were considered exploiting resources more efficiently in soil layer as they produce genetically diverse offspring. Further, sexual taxa had larger body size in litter compared to soil habitats, their body size positively correlated with C:N ratio indicating the food resources are important in body size variations between different reproductive modes. The body size of parthenogenetic taxa was negatively related to C:P and N:P ratio suggesting that phosphorus probably increased the availability of certain food resources. The different use of resources contribute to variations in body size between sexual and parthenogenetic taxa. Our findings highlight the variations of functional traits across environmental gradients, provide new insight into climate and resource driving shifts in body size and reproductive mode among oribatid mites inhabiting mountain ranges.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117163
Scott Buckley, Sandra Jämtgård
Aqueous soil extraction is a commonly used method to extract nitrogen (N) from soil. However, the disturbance of collection, transportation, and storage before extraction can potentially lead to mineralisation of extractable organic N pools, and as such may bias our interpretations of plant-available N towards inorganic N. Although disturbance through soil collection cannot be avoided, we evaluated the impact of short-term soil storage on water-extractable N pools, by extracting soils samples immediately after removal in the field, and again after overnight storage and extraction in the laboratory 24 h later. We chose five boreal forest soil sites within the Svartberget Research Area (northern Sweden). Soils were sampled across three seasonal time-points from June to September. We found that when measurements across all sites and time points were pooled, field-based extractions had significantly greater amino acid concentrations than lab-based extractions, contributing to greater soluble N concentrations (field extractions: 0.77 ± 0.07 µmol N/g soil DW; lab extractions: 0.17 ± 0.03 µmol N/g soil DW). Seasonal and site variation of amino acid concentrations was also much larger when soils were extracted in the field. Within sites, ammonium was often slightly elevated in lab-based extractions, but not to the same magnitude as reductions in amino acid concentrations, which we interpret as an overall N immobilisation effect during storage, likely through a combined effect of microbial utilisation of amino acids, and adsorption to the soil mineral phase. We found that negatively-charged and polar amino acid concentrations were most affected by storage – but the magnitude of loss of most amino acids was generally similar. Hydrolytic enzyme activity was correlated with total protein concentrations across all sites, this association was strongest in June, but was correlated equally with both lab and field extractions. In contrast, enzyme activity was not well associated with amino acids, regardless of extraction type, indicating that hydrolytic enzyme activity does not fully explain our observations of amino acids concentrations. We conclude that field extractions are a cheap and efficient way to capture higher resolution within organic N profiles of boreal soils during sampling, unmasking information that might be lost during storage.
{"title":"Field-based soil extractions capture more amino acids that are lost during short-term storage","authors":"Scott Buckley, Sandra Jämtgård","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117163","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous soil extraction is a commonly used method to extract nitrogen (N) from soil. However, the disturbance of collection, transportation, and storage before extraction can potentially lead to mineralisation of extractable organic N pools, and as such may bias our interpretations of plant-available N towards inorganic N. Although disturbance through soil collection cannot be avoided, we evaluated the impact of short-term soil storage on water-extractable N pools, by extracting soils samples immediately after removal in the field, and again after overnight storage and extraction in the laboratory 24 h later. We chose five boreal forest soil sites within the Svartberget Research Area (northern Sweden). Soils were sampled across three seasonal time-points from June to September. We found that when measurements across all sites and time points were pooled, field-based extractions had significantly greater amino acid concentrations than lab-based extractions, contributing to greater soluble N concentrations (field extractions: 0.77 ± 0.07 µmol N/g soil DW; lab extractions: 0.17 ± 0.03 µmol N/g soil DW). Seasonal and site variation of amino acid concentrations was also much larger when soils were extracted in the field. Within sites, ammonium was often slightly elevated in lab-based extractions, but not to the same magnitude as reductions in amino acid concentrations, which we interpret as an overall N immobilisation effect during storage, likely through a combined effect of microbial utilisation of amino acids, and adsorption to the soil mineral phase. We found that negatively-charged and polar amino acid concentrations were most affected by storage – but the magnitude of loss of most amino acids was generally similar. Hydrolytic enzyme activity was correlated with total protein concentrations across all sites, this association was strongest in June, but was correlated equally with both lab and field extractions. In contrast, enzyme activity was not well associated with amino acids, regardless of extraction type, indicating that hydrolytic enzyme activity does not fully explain our observations of amino acids concentrations. We conclude that field extractions are a cheap and efficient way to capture higher resolution within organic N profiles of boreal soils during sampling, unmasking information that might be lost during storage.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phosphorus (P), like nitrogen (N), is a major limiting nutrient for ecosystem structures and functions. Soils in grasslands commonly have limited P availability for organisms, especially under global change (i.e., N deposition) and land-use intensification (i.e., mowing or hay harvest). Soil phoD-harboring bacteria regulate P cycling and maintain P supply in soils. However, it remains unclear how P availability responds to N addition and mowing. The potential microbial mechanisms also require clarification among soil aggregates. We conducted a seven-year field experiment to investigate how N addition at different levels (0, 5, 10, and 20 g N/m−2 y−1) and mowing (unmown and mown) affects soil available P in macro- and micro- aggregates in a temperate grassland in Northeast China. We found that N addition markedly decreased available P in macroaggregates, regardless of mowing. In contrast, available P in microaggregates decreased following N addition under mown but increased at addition levels of 10 and 20 g N/m−2 yr−1 under unmown. Our results also showed that soil available P was positively related to the diversity of phoD-harboring bacteria and phoD gene abundance in macroaggregates, and to alkaline phosphatase activity and phoD gene abundance in microaggregates. These findings suggests that microbial characteristics mediating the response of available P to N addition and mowing vary with soil aggregates. Our study highlights that soil aggregates should be carefully protected if we wish to promote the sustainable development of grassland ecosystems and P supply under a scenario of future global change and land-use intensification.
磷(P)与氮(N)一样，是生态系统结构和功能的主要限制性营养物质。草地土壤通常对生物的磷有效性有限，特别是在全球变化（即N沉降）和土地利用集约化（即割草或干草收获）的情况下。土壤含磷细菌调节土壤磷循环，维持土壤磷供应。然而，目前尚不清楚磷有效性对施氮和刈割的响应。潜在的微生物机制也需要澄清土壤团聚体。通过为期7年的田间试验，研究了不同N添加水平（0、5、10和20 g N/m−2 y−1）和刈割（未刈割和刈割）对东北温带草地土壤速效磷宏观和微观团聚体的影响。我们发现，无论刈割与否，施氮显著降低了大团聚体的有效磷。相比之下，在刈割条件下，微团聚体速效磷随施氮量的增加而减少，但在刈割条件下，施氮量为10和20 g N/m−2年−1时，微团聚体速效磷增加。土壤速效磷与大团聚体中携带磷的细菌多样性和磷基因丰度呈正相关，与微团聚体中碱性磷酸酶活性和磷基因丰度呈正相关。这些结果表明，调节速效磷对施氮和刈割响应的微生物特性因土壤团聚体而异。我们的研究强调，如果我们希望在未来全球变化和土地利用集约化的情况下促进草地生态系统和磷供应的可持续发展，就应该仔细保护土壤团聚体。
{"title":"Soil phoD-harboring bacteria mediate the responses of phosphorus availability to N addition and mowing among soil aggregates","authors":"Haiying Cui, Shanling Wang, Tianyan Wei, Xuechen Yang, Xiuping Li, Mingcai Fan, Xiaochong Zhang, Wenzheng Song, Jian-Ying Ma, Wei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117170","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P), like nitrogen (N), is a major limiting nutrient for ecosystem structures and functions. Soils in grasslands commonly have limited P availability for organisms, especially under global change (i.e., N deposition) and land-use intensification (i.e., mowing or hay harvest). Soil <ce:italic>phoD</ce:italic>-harboring bacteria regulate P cycling and maintain P supply in soils. However, it remains unclear how P availability responds to N addition and mowing. The potential microbial mechanisms also require clarification among soil aggregates. We conducted a seven-year field experiment to investigate how N addition at different levels (0, 5, 10, and 20 g N/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−2</ce:sup> y<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>) and mowing (unmown and mown) affects soil available P in macro- and micro- aggregates in a temperate grassland in Northeast China. We found that N addition markedly decreased available P in macroaggregates, regardless of mowing. In contrast, available P in microaggregates decreased following N addition under mown but increased at addition levels of 10 and 20 g N/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−2</ce:sup> yr<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> under unmown. Our results also showed that soil available P was positively related to the diversity of <ce:italic>phoD</ce:italic>-harboring bacteria and <ce:italic>phoD</ce:italic> gene abundance in macroaggregates, and to alkaline phosphatase activity and <ce:italic>phoD</ce:italic> gene abundance in microaggregates. These findings suggests that microbial characteristics mediating the response of available P to N addition and mowing vary with soil aggregates. Our study highlights that soil aggregates should be carefully protected if we wish to promote the sustainable development of grassland ecosystems and P supply under a scenario of future global change and land-use intensification.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117164
Quentin Styc, Julio Pachon, Wartini Ng, José Padarian, Alex McBratney
Soil is a highly diverse natural resource crucial for the functioning of ecosystems and essential for ensuring food security, biodiversity, water quality, and climate regulation. Despite its significance, soil faces increasing degradation pressures from agriculture, urbanisation, and climate change. Previous work has classified soil into pedogenons—homogeneous groups based on soil-forming factors similarity. These maps are valuable for evaluating soil condition and anthropogenic impacts, distinguishing less affected areas (genosoils) from more impacted areas (phenosoils). However, the large number of pedogenons in a region can complicate management, monitoring, and legislation. To address these challenges, we propose a methodology for designing soil districts that: i) utilises pedogenon spatial information to create compact and contiguous soil districts, ii) groups pedogenons based on soil-forming factor similarities and geographic location, and iii) provides a set of descriptors to explain the composition and characteristics of each soil district.
{"title":"Creating soil districts for Australia based on pedogenon mapping","authors":"Quentin Styc, Julio Pachon, Wartini Ng, José Padarian, Alex McBratney","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117164","url":null,"abstract":"Soil is a highly diverse natural resource crucial for the functioning of ecosystems and essential for ensuring food security, biodiversity, water quality, and climate regulation. Despite its significance, soil faces increasing degradation pressures from agriculture, urbanisation, and climate change. Previous work has classified soil into pedogenons—homogeneous groups based on soil-forming factors similarity. These maps are valuable for evaluating soil condition and anthropogenic impacts, distinguishing less affected areas (genosoils) from more impacted areas (phenosoils). However, the large number of pedogenons in a region can complicate management, monitoring, and legislation. To address these challenges, we propose a methodology for designing soil districts that: i) utilises pedogenon spatial information to create compact and contiguous soil districts, ii) groups pedogenons based on soil-forming factor similarities and geographic location, and iii) provides a set of descriptors to explain the composition and characteristics of each soil district.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117162
Geng Cui, Yan Liu, Xiaojie Li, Shan Wang, Xiangning Qu, Lei Wang, Shouzheng Tong, Mingye Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, Wenqiang Zhang
Soil salinization, which is significantly influenced by groundwater storage dynamics, leads to reduced land productivity, loss of arable land, and degradation of vegetation, thereby posing a substantial threat to global food security and ecosystem functions. The western Songnen Plain (WSP) is one of the world’s three largest concentrations of soda saline-alkaline regions. However, the availability of observed data on groundwater storage dynamics in the WSP remains limited, potentially impeding the evaluation of their impacts on soil salinization processes. This study investigated the impact of groundwater storage variability on soil salinization in the WSP, utilizing multi-source satellite data, the Global Land Data Assimilation System hydrological model data, and ground observation data. Our results demonstrated that groundwater storage anomalies (GWSAs) exhibited cyclical fluctuations from 2002 to 2014, followed by a substantial decline of 13.215 cm equivalent water height from 2015 to 2021. GWSAs exhibited a significant positive relationship with the area of medium-salinized soils that comprised over 56 % of the total salinized soil area. Both the area and degree of soil salinization overall decreased in the WSP due to the decline in groundwater storage and the implementation of soil improvement policies. Our results suggest that targeting soil treatment projects on salinized soils that are less affected by groundwater conditions could potentially mitigate soil salinization in the WSP. This study assessed the potential impact of groundwater storage variability on soil salinization, enhancing mechanisms underlying salinization processes and offering valuable data to inform land and water resources management in salinization-prone regions.
{"title":"Impacts of groundwater storage variability on soil salinization in a semi-arid agricultural plain","authors":"Geng Cui, Yan Liu, Xiaojie Li, Shan Wang, Xiangning Qu, Lei Wang, Shouzheng Tong, Mingye Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, Wenqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117162","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinization, which is significantly influenced by groundwater storage dynamics, leads to reduced land productivity, loss of arable land, and degradation of vegetation, thereby posing a substantial threat to global food security and ecosystem functions. The western Songnen Plain (WSP) is one of the world’s three largest concentrations of soda saline-alkaline regions. However, the availability of observed data on groundwater storage dynamics in the WSP remains limited, potentially impeding the evaluation of their impacts on soil salinization processes. This study investigated the impact of groundwater storage variability on soil salinization in the WSP, utilizing multi-source satellite data, the Global Land Data Assimilation System hydrological model data, and ground observation data. Our results demonstrated that groundwater storage anomalies (GWSAs) exhibited cyclical fluctuations from 2002 to 2014, followed by a substantial decline of 13.215 cm equivalent water height from 2015 to 2021. GWSAs exhibited a significant positive relationship with the area of medium-salinized soils that comprised over 56 % of the total salinized soil area. Both the area and degree of soil salinization overall decreased in the WSP due to the decline in groundwater storage and the implementation of soil improvement policies. Our results suggest that targeting soil treatment projects on salinized soils that are less affected by groundwater conditions could potentially mitigate soil salinization in the WSP. This study assessed the potential impact of groundwater storage variability on soil salinization, enhancing mechanisms underlying salinization processes and offering valuable data to inform land and water resources management in salinization-prone regions.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional approaches for evaluating soil nutrients typically involved lengthy and resource-intensive analytical procedures, rendering them inadequate for large-scale and high-throughput testing. To address these limitations, this study proposed an innovative solution based on sensor data fusion to predict the content of key soil nutrients. The proposed methodology entailed collecting olfactory data after soil pyrolysis using gas sensors and spectral data from soil samples utilizing ultraviolet–visible-near infrared (UV–Vis-NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) techniques. Three fusion strategies including series and parallel modes were designed to effectively amalgamate the gathered data and supplemented with machine learning algorithms to predict the content of key soil nutrients. Tested a testing set consisting of 33 soil samples. The findings demonstrated that introducing a self-attention procedure into the series splicing fusion strategy significantly improved the predictive performance. This highlights the synergistic benefits of integrating information from olfactory and spectral data sources. Predicting multiple nutrient contents within the framework of the multi-layer perceptron combined with random forest (MLP-RF) fusion model showed superior performance, with the coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from 0.80 to 0.96. The predictive validity for the content of fundamental nutrients and available nutrients in the soil can benefit from the combination of biological and structural information captured by olfactory data and chemical information provided by spectroscopy.
{"title":"The fusion of machine olfactory data and UV–Vis-NIR-MIR spectra enabled accurate prediction of key soil nutrients","authors":"Shuyan Liu, Lili Fu, Xiaomeng Xia, Jiamu Wang, Yvhang Cao, Xinming Jiang, Honglei Jia, Zengming Feng, Dongyan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117161","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional approaches for evaluating soil nutrients typically involved lengthy and resource-intensive analytical procedures, rendering them inadequate for large-scale and high-throughput testing. To address these limitations, this study proposed an innovative solution based on sensor data fusion to predict the content of key soil nutrients. The proposed methodology entailed collecting olfactory data after soil pyrolysis using gas sensors and spectral data from soil samples utilizing ultraviolet–visible-near infrared (UV–Vis-NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) techniques. Three fusion strategies including series and parallel modes were designed to effectively amalgamate the gathered data and supplemented with machine learning algorithms to predict the content of key soil nutrients. Tested a testing set consisting of 33 soil samples. The findings demonstrated that introducing a self-attention procedure into the series splicing fusion strategy significantly improved the predictive performance. This highlights the synergistic benefits of integrating information from olfactory and spectral data sources. Predicting multiple nutrient contents within the framework of the multi-layer perceptron combined with random forest (MLP-RF) fusion model showed superior performance, with the coefficient of determination (R<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>) ranging from 0.80 to 0.96. The predictive validity for the content of fundamental nutrients and available nutrients in the soil can benefit from the combination of biological and structural information captured by olfactory data and chemical information provided by spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117158
Wayne R. Roper, Verónica Acosta-Martínez, Kristen S. Veum, Christopher J. Burgess, Jennifer M. Moore, Daniel K. Manter, Catherine E. Stewart, Bryan D. Emmett, Mark A. Liebig, Matthew H.H. Fischel, R.Michael Lehman, José G. Franco, Jane M.F. Johnson, Sharon Weyers, Maysoon M. Mikha, Kristin M. Trippe, Jude E. Maul, Robert S. Dungan, Hero T. Gollany, Thomas F. Ducey, Lauren Hale, Virginia L. Jin, Jason S. Cavadini, Catherine L. Reardon
Microbial communities are essential to soil functions within agroecosystems. Understanding interactions between agricultural management and soil biological properties is important for sustainability, however, broadscale inferences on these interactions are challenged by differences in site-specific characteristics. To identify the effects of conservation management on soil microbial communities, we conducted a multi-location study of 15 sites across the United States, which varied in crop management strategies and climate and edaphic characteristics. Microbial community composition was assessed by ester-linked fatty acid methyl esters (EL-FAME) with biomarkers for gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, actinobacteria, saprotrophic fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Among the edaphic characteristics considered in this study, soil organic C (SOC) was more correlated with EL-FAME than pH and clay content. Reduced tillage, cover cropping, and manure increased total EL-FAME and SOC, whereas crop diversity had no significant effect. Abundance of bacterial fatty acid biomarkers had stronger relationships to SOC (r2 = 0.64–0.65) than fungal biomarkers (r2 < 0.23), but fungi exhibited more sensitivity to management than bacteria. Though some fatty acids were sensitive to management across locations, manure had the overall largest effect on EL-FAMEs. This study revealed a strong response of the microbial community to conservation management practices regardless of location, but the magnitude differed across locations. Additionally, SOC and moisture deficit were key drivers of site-specific responses. Our multilocation study supports the utility of EL-FAMEs as an important soil health indicator that should be considered in national soil health assessments.
{"title":"Unraveling edaphic, environmental, and management drivers of soil microbial communities via ester-linked fatty acid methyl esters using a multilocation agroecosystem study","authors":"Wayne R. Roper, Verónica Acosta-Martínez, Kristen S. Veum, Christopher J. Burgess, Jennifer M. Moore, Daniel K. Manter, Catherine E. Stewart, Bryan D. Emmett, Mark A. Liebig, Matthew H.H. Fischel, R.Michael Lehman, José G. Franco, Jane M.F. Johnson, Sharon Weyers, Maysoon M. Mikha, Kristin M. Trippe, Jude E. Maul, Robert S. Dungan, Hero T. Gollany, Thomas F. Ducey, Lauren Hale, Virginia L. Jin, Jason S. Cavadini, Catherine L. Reardon","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117158","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial communities are essential to soil functions within agroecosystems. Understanding interactions between agricultural management and soil biological properties is important for sustainability, however, broadscale inferences on these interactions are challenged by differences in site-specific characteristics. To identify the effects of conservation management on soil microbial communities, we conducted a multi-location study of 15 sites across the United States, which varied in crop management strategies and climate and edaphic characteristics. Microbial community composition was assessed by ester-linked fatty acid methyl esters (EL-FAME) with biomarkers for gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, actinobacteria, saprotrophic fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Among the edaphic characteristics considered in this study, soil organic C (SOC) was more correlated with EL-FAME than pH and clay content. Reduced tillage, cover cropping, and manure increased total EL-FAME and SOC, whereas crop diversity had no significant effect. Abundance of bacterial fatty acid biomarkers had stronger relationships to SOC (r<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> = 0.64–0.65) than fungal biomarkers (r<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> < 0.23), but fungi exhibited more sensitivity to management than bacteria. Though some fatty acids were sensitive to management across locations, manure had the overall largest effect on EL-FAMEs. This study revealed a strong response of the microbial community to conservation management practices regardless of location, but the magnitude differed across locations. Additionally, SOC and moisture deficit were key drivers of site-specific responses. Our multilocation study supports the utility of EL-FAMEs as an important soil health indicator that should be considered in national soil health assessments.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117157
Zhen Li, Fuwei Wang, Yue Wen, Chenglong Ye, Peng Wang, Tongshuo Bai, Xudong Gu, Liang Guo, Yunpeng Qiu, Yi Zhang, Yi Wang, Shuijin Hu
Climate warming, precipitation changes, and reactive nitrogen (N) input are important environmental changes that can critically affect litter decomposition and soil carbon (C) dynamics. However, it remains unclear whether and how their effects and/or relative contribution vary across different decomposition stages. We assessed the effects of warming, precipitation changes and N addition, alone and in combination, on litter loss at various stages of the decomposition process in a semi-arid grassland. We found that warming inhibited litter decomposition in the early stage (1–2 years) and promoted it in the later stage (3–4 years). The temperature sensitivity of decomposition was affected by both soil moisture and N addition. Increased precipitation significantly accelerated litter decomposition initially, but not in the later stages. In the litter-soil incubation experiment, we observed that high-quality litter, characterized by low carbohydrate C:methoxyl C (CC:MC) ratio and/or CN ratios, displayed greater sensitivity to changes in moisture. In comparison, low-quality litter exhibits high temperature sensitivity of microbial respiration. Overall, our findings show that the climate sensitivity of litter decomposition exhibited distinct temporal dynamics, with increasing warming sensitivity of decomposition and decreasing moisture sensitivity of decomposition over time. Given that many current decomposition models use a constant sensitivity parameter (e.g., Q10 value = 2.0) throughout the decay process, our results suggest that incorporation of such temporal dynamics into decomposition models may enhance their predictive power.
{"title":"Temporal dynamics of climate sensitivity of litter decomposition in a semi-arid grassland","authors":"Zhen Li, Fuwei Wang, Yue Wen, Chenglong Ye, Peng Wang, Tongshuo Bai, Xudong Gu, Liang Guo, Yunpeng Qiu, Yi Zhang, Yi Wang, Shuijin Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117157","url":null,"abstract":"Climate warming, precipitation changes, and reactive nitrogen (N) input are important environmental changes that can critically affect litter decomposition and soil carbon (C) dynamics. However, it remains unclear whether and how their effects and/or relative contribution vary across different decomposition stages. We assessed the effects of warming, precipitation changes and N addition, alone and in combination, on litter loss at various stages of the decomposition process in a semi-arid grassland. We found that warming inhibited litter decomposition in the early stage (1–2 years) and promoted it in the later stage (3–4 years). The temperature sensitivity of decomposition was affected by both soil moisture and N addition. Increased precipitation significantly accelerated litter decomposition initially, but not in the later stages. In the litter-soil incubation experiment, we observed that high-quality litter, characterized by low carbohydrate C:methoxyl C (CC:MC) ratio and/or CN ratios, displayed greater sensitivity to changes in moisture. In comparison, low-quality litter exhibits high temperature sensitivity of microbial respiration. Overall, our findings show that the climate sensitivity of litter decomposition exhibited distinct temporal dynamics, with increasing warming sensitivity of decomposition and decreasing moisture sensitivity of decomposition over time. Given that many current decomposition models use a constant sensitivity parameter (e.g., Q<ce:inf loc=\"post\">10</ce:inf> value = 2.0) throughout the decay process, our results suggest that incorporation of such temporal dynamics into decomposition models may enhance their predictive power.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enchytraeids (Annelida Oligochaeta), small burrowing organisms found worldwide, are known to influence soil structure, though their specific effects on pore space are not well quantified. In this study, we evaluated how the burrowing activities of Enchytraeus albidus and Enchytraeus crypticus affected the X-ray imaged porosity of soil over a 40- day period using two different soils (loamy and silty-clay-loamy soil) sieved to 2 mm and packed at two bulk densities (0.8 and 1 g cm−3). Our findings revealed that while enchytraeids had minimal impact on X-ray imaged porosity, they played a key role in reshaping the soil’s internal structure, increasing pore connectivity and homogenizing pore size distribution. This was evident through a reduction in the number of smaller pores and a shift toward larger pore sizes. The overall pore structure became more uniform, with enchytraeids promoting a shift in the dominant pore sizes. These structural changes were particularly pronounced in loosely compacted soils, where enchytraeids contributed to greater network complexity, as well as in the soil with a higher clay content, which is more conducive to aggregation. This suggests that enchytraeids have a significant role in modifying soil physical properties, especially in conditions where the soil is loosely compacted. X-ray microtomography is a promising tool for studying at the mesopore scale, and further studies are needed to better characterize the bioturbation activity of enchytraeids.
腹足类（少毛纲环节动物）是一种在世界范围内发现的小型穴居生物，已知会影响土壤结构，尽管它们对孔隙空间的具体影响尚未得到很好的量化。在这项研究中，我们使用两种不同的土壤（壤土和粉质粘土-壤土）筛选到2毫米，并以两种堆积密度（0.8和1 g cm−3）进行包装，评估了长角蛭和隐芽蛭在40天内的挖洞活动如何影响土壤的x射线成像孔隙度。我们的研究结果表明，虽然蛭形体对x射线成像孔隙度的影响很小，但它们在重塑土壤内部结构、增加孔隙连通性和均匀化孔隙大小分布方面发挥了关键作用。这可以通过减少小孔隙的数量和向大孔隙的转变来证明。整体孔隙结构变得更加均匀，蛭形体促进了优势孔隙大小的转变。这些结构变化在松散压实的土壤中尤其明显，在那里，叶状体导致了更大的网络复杂性，在粘土含量较高的土壤中，这更有利于聚集。这表明内生体在改变土壤物理性质方面具有重要作用，特别是在土壤松散压实的条件下。x射线微断层扫描是一种很有前途的中孔尺度研究工具，需要进一步的研究来更好地表征内生虫的生物扰动活性。
{"title":"Enchytraeids: Small but important ecosystem engineers","authors":"Cécile Serbource, Stéphane Sammartino, Sophie Cornu, Justine Papillon, Jérôme Adrien, Céline Pelosi","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117150","url":null,"abstract":"Enchytraeids (Annelida Oligochaeta), small burrowing organisms found worldwide, are known to influence soil structure, though their specific effects on pore space are not well quantified. In this study, we evaluated how the burrowing activities of Enchytraeus albidus and Enchytraeus crypticus affected the X-ray imaged porosity of soil over a 40- day period using two different soils (loamy and silty-clay-loamy soil) sieved to 2 mm and packed at two bulk densities (0.8 and 1 g cm<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−3</ce:sup>). Our findings revealed that while enchytraeids had minimal impact on X-ray imaged porosity, they played a key role in reshaping the soil’s internal structure, increasing pore connectivity and homogenizing pore size distribution. This was evident through a reduction in the number of smaller pores and a shift toward larger pore sizes. The overall pore structure became more uniform, with enchytraeids promoting a shift in the dominant pore sizes. These structural changes were particularly pronounced in loosely compacted soils, where enchytraeids contributed to greater network complexity, as well as in the soil with a higher clay content, which is more conducive to aggregation. This suggests that enchytraeids have a significant role in modifying soil physical properties, especially in conditions where the soil is loosely compacted. X-ray microtomography is a promising tool for studying at the mesopore scale, and further studies are needed to better characterize the bioturbation activity of enchytraeids.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-28DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117160
Debao Li, Sicheng Li, Hao Chen, Jianping Wu
Forage monoculture and grass-legume mixtures are popular reseeding practices in degraded grasslands. However, the mechanism understanding for the effect of multiple reseeding approaches on soil microbial community and their associated ecosystem functioning remains unclear. Here, we conducted a 3-year field reseeding experiment with eight treatments in a degraded grassland in southern China to test how the link between plant biomass and soil microbial community stability are influenced by plant community structure. Assessments of both above- and below-ground characteristics revealed that reseeding significantly improved plant biomass, soil fertility, and community stability by 53.96 %-126.32 %, 40.74 %-106.91 %, and 13.97 %–33.17 % (P < 0.05) on average, respectively. Furthermore, we found that plant biomass, soil fertility, and microbial community stability increased with increasing number of reseeding species. Dactylis glomerata, Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne mixed-reseeding had significantly higher plant biomass, soil fertility, and microbial community stability than monocultures (P < 0.05). Microbial community stability was positively correlated with plant biomass (P < 0.001). Our field work demonstrates that grass-legume mixtures are beneficial for plant biomass and soil microbes, where stable microbial communities are essential for maintaining ecosystem functions. As such, our findings provide new evidence to guide reseeding practices in degraded southern grasslands and offer novel theoretical insights into plant-soil-microbe interactions under grass-legume mixtures reseeding.
{"title":"Reseeding promotes plant biomass by improving microbial community stability and soil fertility in a degraded subalpine grassland","authors":"Debao Li, Sicheng Li, Hao Chen, Jianping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117160","url":null,"abstract":"Forage monoculture and grass-legume mixtures are popular reseeding practices in degraded grasslands. However, the mechanism understanding for the effect of multiple reseeding approaches on soil microbial community and their associated ecosystem functioning remains unclear. Here, we conducted a 3-year field reseeding experiment with eight treatments in a degraded grassland in southern China to test how the link between plant biomass and soil microbial community stability are influenced by plant community structure. Assessments of both above- and below-ground characteristics revealed that reseeding significantly improved plant biomass, soil fertility, and community stability by 53.96 %-126.32 %, 40.74 %-106.91 %, and 13.97 %–33.17 % (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> < 0.05) on average, respectively. Furthermore, we found that plant biomass, soil fertility, and microbial community stability increased with increasing number of reseeding species. <ce:italic>Dactylis glomerata</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>Trifolium repens</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Lolium perenne</ce:italic> mixed-reseeding had significantly higher plant biomass, soil fertility, and microbial community stability than monocultures (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> < 0.05). Microbial community stability was positively correlated with plant biomass (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> < 0.001). Our field work demonstrates that grass-legume mixtures are beneficial for plant biomass and soil microbes, where stable microbial communities are essential for maintaining ecosystem functions. As such, our findings provide new evidence to guide reseeding practices in degraded southern grasslands and offer novel theoretical insights into plant-soil-microbe interactions under grass-legume mixtures reseeding.","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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