Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1401094
Anwei Wang, Yang Wang, Hongwu Zhu, Hanxiao Sun, Yansen Li
In this study, the effect of cyclic compression on the micromechanical properties of a Zr-based metallic glass (MG) was investigated via nanoindentation. Cyclic compression significantly softened the surface of the sample, with a maximum hardness loss of 19.93%. The number of cyclic compression passes had a greater effect on the hardness of the sample than the cyclic compression load. The elastic modulus exhibited a nonlinear variation upon increasing the cyclic loading or number of passes at a lower loading rate due to the coupling effect of loading rate and cyclic compression treatment. Then, the serration behavior and strain rate sensitivity analysis were applied. The calculated m-values obtained for MGs were all negative and gradually tended to zero upon further cyclic compression treatment. This demonstrated the weakening effect of cyclic compression on the strain rate sensitivity of MG, and the underlying mechanism was discussed. This study provides a process reference for studying the fatigue failure behaviors of MGs from the perspective of mechanical properties, which is useful for understanding their fatigue generation.
本研究通过纳米压痕法研究了循环压缩对锆基金属玻璃（MG）微机械性能的影响。循环压缩明显软化了样品表面，最大硬度损失为 19.93%。与循环压缩载荷相比，循环压缩次数对样品硬度的影响更大。由于加载速率和循环压缩处理的耦合效应，在较低加载速率下增加循环加载或循环次数时，弹性模量呈现非线性变化。然后，应用了锯齿行为和应变速率敏感性分析。计算得出的 MG m 值均为负值，并在进一步循环压缩处理后逐渐趋于零。这证明了循环压缩对 MG 应变率敏感性的削弱作用，并对其内在机理进行了探讨。该研究为从力学性能角度研究 MG 的疲劳破坏行为提供了工艺参考，有助于理解其疲劳产生的原因。
{"title":"Effect of cyclic compression on the micromechanical properties of a Zr-based metallic glass","authors":"Anwei Wang, Yang Wang, Hongwu Zhu, Hanxiao Sun, Yansen Li","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1401094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1401094","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of cyclic compression on the micromechanical properties of a Zr-based metallic glass (MG) was investigated via nanoindentation. Cyclic compression significantly softened the surface of the sample, with a maximum hardness loss of 19.93%. The number of cyclic compression passes had a greater effect on the hardness of the sample than the cyclic compression load. The elastic modulus exhibited a nonlinear variation upon increasing the cyclic loading or number of passes at a lower loading rate due to the coupling effect of loading rate and cyclic compression treatment. Then, the serration behavior and strain rate sensitivity analysis were applied. The calculated m-values obtained for MGs were all negative and gradually tended to zero upon further cyclic compression treatment. This demonstrated the weakening effect of cyclic compression on the strain rate sensitivity of MG, and the underlying mechanism was discussed. This study provides a process reference for studying the fatigue failure behaviors of MGs from the perspective of mechanical properties, which is useful for understanding their fatigue generation.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1367251
Bei Pu, Lusha Deng, Jun Lu, Liang Wei, Xiaoxing Xiong
This research study focuses on the investigation of a three-dimensional reconstructed carbon coating based on stainless steel. The investigation encompasses the assessment of surface structure, elemental composition, cytotoxicity, and impact on wound healing. The findings indicate that the carbon coating possesses an approximate thickness of 700 nm, exhibiting a distinctive porous structure. Moreover, the surface water contact angle measures 97.7°, representing a 48.4° increase compared to uncoated stainless steel. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis confirms the uniform distribution of diverse elements on the coating’s surface. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) verifies a substantial carbon accumulation. The electrical resistance of the stainless steel remains largely intact after the application of the coating, as demonstrated by the four-probe method. Notably, ex vivo porcine liver tissue cutting experiments using carbon-coated electrosurgical pencil electrodes showed a significant anti-adhesion effect, with a reduction in tissue adhesions of 81.3%. Furthermore, the MTT test indicates no significant cytotoxicity associated with the carbon coating. Rat skin-cutting experiments further validate that the coating does not impede the process of wound healing. Overall, this study successfully validated the desirable properties of stainless steel-based 3D reconstructed carbon coatings, such as enhanced surface properties, improved anti-adhesion efficacy, negligible cytotoxicity, and compatibility with wound healing. These findings are important for advancing medical device technology and improving patient outcomes.
{"title":"Anti-adhesion study of three-dimensional reconstructed carbon coatings","authors":"Bei Pu, Lusha Deng, Jun Lu, Liang Wei, Xiaoxing Xiong","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1367251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1367251","url":null,"abstract":"This research study focuses on the investigation of a three-dimensional reconstructed carbon coating based on stainless steel. The investigation encompasses the assessment of surface structure, elemental composition, cytotoxicity, and impact on wound healing. The findings indicate that the carbon coating possesses an approximate thickness of 700 nm, exhibiting a distinctive porous structure. Moreover, the surface water contact angle measures 97.7°, representing a 48.4° increase compared to uncoated stainless steel. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis confirms the uniform distribution of diverse elements on the coating’s surface. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) verifies a substantial carbon accumulation. The electrical resistance of the stainless steel remains largely intact after the application of the coating, as demonstrated by the four-probe method. Notably, <jats:italic>ex vivo</jats:italic> porcine liver tissue cutting experiments using carbon-coated electrosurgical pencil electrodes showed a significant anti-adhesion effect, with a reduction in tissue adhesions of 81.3%. Furthermore, the MTT test indicates no significant cytotoxicity associated with the carbon coating. Rat skin-cutting experiments further validate that the coating does not impede the process of wound healing. Overall, this study successfully validated the desirable properties of stainless steel-based 3D reconstructed carbon coatings, such as enhanced surface properties, improved anti-adhesion efficacy, negligible cytotoxicity, and compatibility with wound healing. These findings are important for advancing medical device technology and improving patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140798904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1368618
Fathi Shaqour
Mixtures of variable proportions of kaolin, quartz sand, zeolitic tuff, and cement kiln dust were blended while adding an 8 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to allow alkali-activation of kaolin and achieve the optimum strength. This study investigated the mineralogy, microstructure, and geotechnical properties of the prepared mixtures. The aim was to produce a sustainable, environmentally friendly landfill liner. The samples were compacted in stainless steel molds to a maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, extruded from the molds, and left to cure in an oven at varying temperatures from 40°C to 80°C for 24 h. The investigations included XRD, SEM, unconfined compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity tests. Test results showed the development of a hydroxysodalite binder due to the alkali reaction of kaolin, which caused an increase in strength ranging from 20 to 25 MPa depending on the curing temperature. Alkaline activation was effective even at temperatures as low as 40°C. A mixture of 100 units of kaolin, 45 units of sand, 45 units of zeolitic tuff, and 10% by weight cement kiln dust (CKD) with an 8 M sodium hydroxide activator was found to best achieve the required strength and hydraulic conductivity of 10−9 m/s for the landfill liner. The zeolitic tuff with high cation exchange capacity, available in the mixture, absorbs contaminants in the leachate and prevents pollution of the groundwater. The use of cement kiln dust contributes to enhancing strength and solving an acute environmental problem.
将不同比例的高岭土、石英砂、沸石凝灰岩和水泥窑粉尘混合，同时加入 8 M 氢氧化钠（NaOH）溶液，使高岭土碱活化并达到最佳强度。本研究调查了所制备混合物的矿物学、微观结构和岩土力学性能。目的是生产一种可持续的环保型垃圾填埋场衬垫。样品在不锈钢模具中压实至最大干密度和最佳含水量，从模具中挤出，在 40°C 至 80°C 的不同温度下在烘箱中固化 24 小时。测试结果表明，由于高岭土的碱反应，羟基钠盐粘合剂得以形成，根据固化温度的不同，强度增加了 20 至 25 兆帕。即使温度低至 40°C，碱性活化也很有效。研究发现，由 100 个单位的高岭土、45 个单位的沙子、45 个单位的沸石凝灰岩和 10% 重量的水泥窑粉尘（CKD）与 8 M 氢氧化钠活化剂组成的混合物最能达到垃圾填埋场衬垫所需的强度和 10-9 m/s 的水力传导率。混合物中具有高阳离子交换能力的沸石凝灰岩可吸收渗滤液中的污染物，防止地下水受到污染。水泥窑粉尘的使用有助于提高强度和解决严重的环境问题。
{"title":"Mineralogy and geotechnical properties of alkaline-activated kaolin with zeolitic tuff and cement kiln dust as landfill liners","authors":"Fathi Shaqour","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1368618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1368618","url":null,"abstract":"Mixtures of variable proportions of kaolin, quartz sand, zeolitic tuff, and cement kiln dust were blended while adding an 8 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to allow alkali-activation of kaolin and achieve the optimum strength. This study investigated the mineralogy, microstructure, and geotechnical properties of the prepared mixtures. The aim was to produce a sustainable, environmentally friendly landfill liner. The samples were compacted in stainless steel molds to a maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, extruded from the molds, and left to cure in an oven at varying temperatures from 40°C to 80°C for 24 h. The investigations included XRD, SEM, unconfined compressive strength, and hydraulic conductivity tests. Test results showed the development of a hydroxysodalite binder due to the alkali reaction of kaolin, which caused an increase in strength ranging from 20 to 25 MPa depending on the curing temperature. Alkaline activation was effective even at temperatures as low as 40°C. A mixture of 100 units of kaolin, 45 units of sand, 45 units of zeolitic tuff, and 10% by weight cement kiln dust (CKD) with an 8 M sodium hydroxide activator was found to best achieve the required strength and hydraulic conductivity of 10<jats:sup>−9</jats:sup> m/s for the landfill liner. The zeolitic tuff with high cation exchange capacity, available in the mixture, absorbs contaminants in the leachate and prevents pollution of the groundwater. The use of cement kiln dust contributes to enhancing strength and solving an acute environmental problem.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140798923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to study the bending properties of tropical tree species rich in organic extracts, the effects of temperature and time on the bending performance of hydrothermal treatment were investigated. The effects of power and time on bending performance under microwave heating conditions were investigated. It is found that the chemical composition does not undergo obvious degradation at 80°C–100°C, and the bending performance gradually becomes better with the increase in heating time; when the hydrothermal time exceeds 4 h, the bending performance varies with heating time. The growth is better than the difference, reaching the maximum at 4 h. When the water temperature is 140°C, the bending performance is negatively correlated with the heating time. When the hydrothermal treatment time is the same, the bending property becomes better as the temperature increases. The most reasonable process for microwave softening heating is with a power of 480 W and a heating time of 4 min. A softening treatment method combining water heat and microwave can achieve a better softening effect. When the final moisture content is controlled to 8%, the bending setting effect is the best. The optimum drying time is 6 h, and the optimum drying temperature is 50°C.
{"title":"Effects of hydrothermal–microwave treatment on bending properties of teak in plantation","authors":"Donghai Huang, Huajie Shen, Jilin Zhang, Xinzhen Zhuo, Liangzhou Dong","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1278707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1278707","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the bending properties of tropical tree species rich in organic extracts, the effects of temperature and time on the bending performance of hydrothermal treatment were investigated. The effects of power and time on bending performance under microwave heating conditions were investigated. It is found that the chemical composition does not undergo obvious degradation at 80°C–100°C, and the bending performance gradually becomes better with the increase in heating time; when the hydrothermal time exceeds 4 h, the bending performance varies with heating time. The growth is better than the difference, reaching the maximum at 4 h. When the water temperature is 140°C, the bending performance is negatively correlated with the heating time. When the hydrothermal treatment time is the same, the bending property becomes better as the temperature increases. The most reasonable process for microwave softening heating is with a power of 480 W and a heating time of 4 min. A softening treatment method combining water heat and microwave can achieve a better softening effect. When the final moisture content is controlled to 8%, the bending setting effect is the best. The optimum drying time is 6 h, and the optimum drying temperature is 50°C.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141523935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To address the challenges posed by the significant quantity of ammonia-alkali white mud, this study explores the preparation of fluid solidified soil using ammonia-alkali white mud, mineral powder, and fly ash. The findings reveal that ammonia-alkali white mud primarily comprises sulfate, carbonate, and soluble chloride salt, with an alkaline solution and a well-developed pore structure. Optimal fluid solidified soil formulation, comprising 30% white mud, 30% salt mud, 25% mineral powder, 10% fly ash, and 5% calcium oxide, yields a slurry fluidity of 176 mm and a compressive strength of 3.98 MPa at 28 days. Microscopic analysis highlights AFt and C-S-H gel as the principal hydration products of fluid solidified soil. The fine particles of calcium carbonate in ammonia-alkali white mud fill the structural pores and intertwine with the hydration products, facilitating the formation of a dense structure, which constitutes the primary source of strength in fluid solidified soil. Furthermore, the heavy metal content of the solidified soil aligns with the first type of land use requirements outlined in the GB 36600-2018 standard, and the toxicity of the leaching solution adheres to the emission concentration limit stipulated by GB 8978-1996.
{"title":"Study on characteristics of ammonia alkali white mud and mechanical properties of preparation of fluid solidified soil","authors":"Shifeng Fu, Zhiquan Li, Guangtian Zhang, Biao Zhang, Yanjia Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1390421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1390421","url":null,"abstract":"To address the challenges posed by the significant quantity of ammonia-alkali white mud, this study explores the preparation of fluid solidified soil using ammonia-alkali white mud, mineral powder, and fly ash. The findings reveal that ammonia-alkali white mud primarily comprises sulfate, carbonate, and soluble chloride salt, with an alkaline solution and a well-developed pore structure. Optimal fluid solidified soil formulation, comprising 30% white mud, 30% salt mud, 25% mineral powder, 10% fly ash, and 5% calcium oxide, yields a slurry fluidity of 176 mm and a compressive strength of 3.98 MPa at 28 days. Microscopic analysis highlights AFt and C-S-H gel as the principal hydration products of fluid solidified soil. The fine particles of calcium carbonate in ammonia-alkali white mud fill the structural pores and intertwine with the hydration products, facilitating the formation of a dense structure, which constitutes the primary source of strength in fluid solidified soil. Furthermore, the heavy metal content of the solidified soil aligns with the first type of land use requirements outlined in the GB 36600-2018 standard, and the toxicity of the leaching solution adheres to the emission concentration limit stipulated by GB 8978-1996.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The elastic modulus of rocks is a measure of the ability of rocks to resist elastic deformation. It is related to the size of rocks and can effectively measure the internal physical and mechanical strength of rocks. The development of joint fractures is the main reason for the size effect of rocks. Therefore, exploring the influence of joint roughness on the elastic modulus of rocks of different sizes is of great significance in mining rock mechanics. The article investigates the size effect of joint roughness on elastic modulus of rocks by establishing simulation schemes for 30 working conditions. By analyzing the stress-strain curves of rocks with different roughness and sizes, the deformation and failure patterns of rocks with different sizes were obtained. Research has found that the elastic modulus of rocks is in a power function relationship with joint roughness, while the elastic modulus of rocks is negatively exponentially related to rock size; The characteristic elastic modulus of rocks is in a power function relationship with joint roughness. The above relationships not only reveal the variation of rock elastic modulus with size, but also reveal the influence of joint roughness on elastic modulus, providing important basis for understanding the stability of mining rock engineering.
{"title":"Study on the size effect of rock elastic modulus considering the influence of joint roughness","authors":"Gaojian Hu, Bin Wang, Wenbing Guo, Yuan Xing, Junxia Zhou, Lanchang Zha, Shiyu Meng","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1367006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1367006","url":null,"abstract":"The elastic modulus of rocks is a measure of the ability of rocks to resist elastic deformation. It is related to the size of rocks and can effectively measure the internal physical and mechanical strength of rocks. The development of joint fractures is the main reason for the size effect of rocks. Therefore, exploring the influence of joint roughness on the elastic modulus of rocks of different sizes is of great significance in mining rock mechanics. The article investigates the size effect of joint roughness on elastic modulus of rocks by establishing simulation schemes for 30 working conditions. By analyzing the stress-strain curves of rocks with different roughness and sizes, the deformation and failure patterns of rocks with different sizes were obtained. Research has found that the elastic modulus of rocks is in a power function relationship with joint roughness, while the elastic modulus of rocks is negatively exponentially related to rock size; The characteristic elastic modulus of rocks is in a power function relationship with joint roughness. The above relationships not only reveal the variation of rock elastic modulus with size, but also reveal the influence of joint roughness on elastic modulus, providing important basis for understanding the stability of mining rock engineering.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1303449
Jie Li, Donglin Wang, Yuhang Liu
The application of edible coatings for preparing composite antibacterial spray coatings for fruit preservation by incorporating antibacterial nanoparticles has gained increasing attention. Chitosan (CS) is a natural polysaccharide used as an edible coating to preserve fruit; it has properties such as reducing water loss, enhancing appearance, and improving mechanical properties. By combining it with antibacterial material, it can reduce fruit microorganisms. Cerium (Ce) has excellent antibacterial activity combined with the advantages of safety and low cost. Therefore, this study proposes a biocatalytic spray coating for fruit preservation using a CS composite metal–organic framework (CS@Ce-MOF) with strawberry as a model fruit. CS@Ce-MOFs are superior to Ce-MOFs in the aqueous stability of their chemical structure, inoxidizability, antibacterial duration, and validity. The well-characterized CS@Ce-MOF was verified to simultaneously mimic good oxidase- and apyrase-like activities. CS@Ce-MOF biocatalytic spray coating demonstrated excellent antibacterial properties against two common foodborne pathogens: Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, with high killing rates of up to 94.5%. This is due to the unique structure of the CS@Ce-MOF composite, which presents a large surface area for contact with pathogens and enhances the catalytic activity of the incorporated cerium oxide nanoparticles, leading to efficient sterilization. Furthermore, the scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS free radicals is more than 80%, indicating that CS@Ce-MOF has excellent antioxidant properties. Moreover, CS@Ce-MOF minimized the weight loss and firmness of strawberries and bananas over 7 days of ambient storage. The use of such a biocatalytic spray coating has enormous potential for preserving the quality and safety of fresh produce, reducing food waste, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
{"title":"Biomimetic spray coating for fruit preservation based on UiO-1 67 metal–organic framework nanozyme","authors":"Jie Li, Donglin Wang, Yuhang Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1303449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1303449","url":null,"abstract":"The application of edible coatings for preparing composite antibacterial spray coatings for fruit preservation by incorporating antibacterial nanoparticles has gained increasing attention. Chitosan (CS) is a natural polysaccharide used as an edible coating to preserve fruit; it has properties such as reducing water loss, enhancing appearance, and improving mechanical properties<jats:italic>.</jats:italic> By combining it with antibacterial material, it can reduce fruit microorganisms. Cerium (Ce) has excellent antibacterial activity combined with the advantages of safety and low cost. Therefore, this study proposes a biocatalytic spray coating for fruit preservation using a CS composite metal–organic framework (CS@Ce-MOF) with strawberry as a model fruit. CS@Ce-MOFs are superior to Ce-MOFs in the aqueous stability of their chemical structure, inoxidizability, antibacterial duration, and validity. The well-characterized CS@Ce-MOF was verified to simultaneously mimic good oxidase- and apyrase-like activities. CS@Ce-MOF biocatalytic spray coating demonstrated excellent antibacterial properties against two common foodborne pathogens: <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> and the Gram-positive bacterium <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic>, with high killing rates of up to 94.5%. This is due to the unique structure of the CS@Ce-MOF composite, which presents a large surface area for contact with pathogens and enhances the catalytic activity of the incorporated cerium oxide nanoparticles, leading to efficient sterilization. Furthermore, the scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS free radicals is more than 80%, indicating that CS@Ce-MOF has excellent antioxidant properties. Moreover, CS@Ce-MOF minimized the weight loss and firmness of strawberries and bananas over 7 days of ambient storage. The use of such a biocatalytic spray coating has enormous potential for preserving the quality and safety of fresh produce, reducing food waste, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1389785
He Liu, Haonan Zou, Jingyi Zhang, Ji Zhang, Yu Tang, Jian Zhang, Ying Guo, Jingyu Xiao
The bonding performance between new and old concrete affects the reliability and service life of the repair structure. However, the bonding interface is complex and has many influencing factors, so selecting appropriate repair materials and evaluation methods for repair structures under different service environments is important. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the factors that influence bonding properties. These include the choice of repair materials, the condition of the existing concrete, the type of interfacial agents used, the service environment, and the testing methods employed. The paper concludes by examining the challenges and opportunities in developing interface bonding properties to provide insights and research directions for future theoretical analysis and experimental research.
{"title":"Interface bonding properties of new and old concrete: A review","authors":"He Liu, Haonan Zou, Jingyi Zhang, Ji Zhang, Yu Tang, Jian Zhang, Ying Guo, Jingyu Xiao","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1389785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1389785","url":null,"abstract":"The bonding performance between new and old concrete affects the reliability and service life of the repair structure. However, the bonding interface is complex and has many influencing factors, so selecting appropriate repair materials and evaluation methods for repair structures under different service environments is important. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the factors that influence bonding properties. These include the choice of repair materials, the condition of the existing concrete, the type of interfacial agents used, the service environment, and the testing methods employed. The paper concludes by examining the challenges and opportunities in developing interface bonding properties to provide insights and research directions for future theoretical analysis and experimental research.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1375200
Vijaykumar S. Jatti, Dhruv A. Sawant, Rashmi Deshpande, Sachin Saluankhe, Robert Cep, Emad Abouel Nasr, Haitham A. Mahmoud
The preparation and tribological behavior of the titanium metal matrix (Ti-6Al-4V) composite reinforced with tungsten carbide (WCp) and graphite (Grp) particles were investigated in this study. The stir casting procedure was used to fabricate the titanium metal matrix composites (TMMCs), which had 8 weight percent of WCp and Grp. The tribological studies were designed using Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array technique and were carried out as wear tests using a pin-on-disc device. According to Taguchi’s analysis and ANOVA, the most significant factors that affect wear rate are load and distance, followed by velocity. The wear process was ascertained by scanning electron microscopy investigation of the worn surfaces of the composite specimens. Pearson’s heatmap and Feature importance (F-test) were plotted for data analysis to study the significance of input parameters on wear. Machine learning classification algorithms such as k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, and XGBoost algorithms accurately classified the wear rate data, giving an accuracy value of 71.25%, 65%, and 56.25%, respectively.
{"title":"Tribological analysis of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) hybrid metal matrix composite through the use of Taguchi’s method and machine learning classifiers","authors":"Vijaykumar S. Jatti, Dhruv A. Sawant, Rashmi Deshpande, Sachin Saluankhe, Robert Cep, Emad Abouel Nasr, Haitham A. Mahmoud","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1375200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1375200","url":null,"abstract":"The preparation and tribological behavior of the titanium metal matrix (Ti-6Al-4V) composite reinforced with tungsten carbide (WCp) and graphite (Grp) particles were investigated in this study. The stir casting procedure was used to fabricate the titanium metal matrix composites (TMMCs), which had 8 weight percent of WCp and Grp. The tribological studies were designed using Taguchi’s L<jats:sub>27</jats:sub> orthogonal array technique and were carried out as wear tests using a pin-on-disc device. According to Taguchi’s analysis and ANOVA, the most significant factors that affect wear rate are load and distance, followed by velocity. The wear process was ascertained by scanning electron microscopy investigation of the worn surfaces of the composite specimens. Pearson’s heatmap and Feature importance (F-test) were plotted for data analysis to study the significance of input parameters on wear. Machine learning classification algorithms such as k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, and XGBoost algorithms accurately classified the wear rate data, giving an accuracy value of 71.25%, 65%, and 56.25%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute a significant global health concern at the moment. Most CNS disorders are characterized by severe neuronal damage with excessive production of reactive oxygen species, which induces high levels of oxidative stress and intense inflammatory responses in the affected tissues, thus aggravating disease pathology. Notably, the blood–brain barrier makes it difficult to deliver many drugs and biologics to the CNS, which creates great difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of CNS disorders. Recent research on polydopamine nanotechnology has led to the discovery of many promising properties; it shows strong scavenging ability for reactive oxygen species, prevents activation of pro-inflammatory microglia, and its repair function can reduce brain damage and protect neurons. Moreover, polydopamine nanotechnology can improve the blood–brain barrier permeability of biologics and reduce their neurotoxicity. It is therefore a promising candidate in the treatment of CNS disorders associated with oxidative stress. In the present paper, we review the functionality of polydopamine nanotechnology as well as the potential and recent advances of polydopamine-based nanosystems in the diagnosis and treatment of various CNS disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, and glioma. Finally, we predict how polydopamine nanoparticles may guide future therapeutic strategies to address CNS disorders such as epilepsy, which currently have no cure.
{"title":"Advances in the study of polydopamine nanotechnology in central nervous system disorders","authors":"Sijing Ren, Xiangyu Xiao, Jiahua Lv, Shaomin Lv, Xingchen Wang, Ruihan Liu, Qing-xia Kong","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1396397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1396397","url":null,"abstract":"Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute a significant global health concern at the moment. Most CNS disorders are characterized by severe neuronal damage with excessive production of reactive oxygen species, which induces high levels of oxidative stress and intense inflammatory responses in the affected tissues, thus aggravating disease pathology. Notably, the blood–brain barrier makes it difficult to deliver many drugs and biologics to the CNS, which creates great difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of CNS disorders. Recent research on polydopamine nanotechnology has led to the discovery of many promising properties; it shows strong scavenging ability for reactive oxygen species, prevents activation of pro-inflammatory microglia, and its repair function can reduce brain damage and protect neurons. Moreover, polydopamine nanotechnology can improve the blood–brain barrier permeability of biologics and reduce their neurotoxicity. It is therefore a promising candidate in the treatment of CNS disorders associated with oxidative stress. In the present paper, we review the functionality of polydopamine nanotechnology as well as the potential and recent advances of polydopamine-based nanosystems in the diagnosis and treatment of various CNS disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, and glioma. Finally, we predict how polydopamine nanoparticles may guide future therapeutic strategies to address CNS disorders such as epilepsy, which currently have no cure.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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