Frontiers in Psychology最新文献

Objectives: To identify and synthesize evidence on mental imagery (and imagery-based methods) in competitive gymnasts, evaluate effects on performance and relevant psychological/psychophysiological correlates, and appraise methodological quality and important intervention features.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched. Eligible studies included competitive gymnasts from any FIG discipline examining imagery as an intervention/exposure or as an imagery construct associated with performance-relevant outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 for randomized studies and ROBINS-I for non-randomized/observational. Results were synthesized narratively by study design, imagery approach, and outcome domain.

Results: Searches yielded 393 records; 258 unique records were screened; 46 full texts were assessed; and 16 studies were included. Interventions varied (script-based imagery, PETTLEP-informed imagery, video observation plus imagery, and multi-component psychological skills training). Several controlled/quasi-controlled studies reported improved gymnastics-related performance outcomes (judged skill execution or sport-specific performance indices) with imagery-based approaches, whereas others found no performance benefit despite improvements in psychological variables (e.g., self-confidence). Effects appeared moderated by expertise level, sequencing/dose, and outcome choice. Across RoB 2 studies, 0/8 (0%) were overall low risk, 4/8 (50%) had some concerns, and 4/8 (50%) were high risk, with the most frequent domain drivers being randomization process, outcome measurement, and selective reporting. Across ROBINS-I studies, 2/8 (25%) were moderate, 5/8 (62.5%) serious, and 1/8 (12.5%) critical, driven mainly by confounding, then outcome measurement and selective reporting.

Conclusion: Imagery is a potentially useful adjunct to gymnastics training, but effects are inconsistent and implementation- and athlete-dependent. Higher-quality, transparently reported trials using standardized, competition-relevant outcomes are needed.

Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf/io/a9tj6; Date: 25/01/2026).

Previous meta-analyses have consistently identified Conscientiousness as a robust predictor of academic performance, while findings for the other Big Five traits have been mixed or inconclusive. However, most existing meta-analytic evidence is based on zero-order correlations and does not account for the substantial intercorrelations among personality traits. Using a one-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) approach, the present study reanalyzes data from 84 studies of university students (total N = 45,477) compiled in a previous meta-analysis to examine the unique associations between the Big Five traits and academic performance while explicitly modeling their shared variance. Conscientiousness remained the strongest predictor (β = 0.199, p < 0.001). Extraversion showed a significant negative association (β = -0.062, p < 0.001), whereas Agreeableness (β = 0.034, p = 0.046) and Openness (β = 0.060, p < 0.001) showed small positive associations. Neuroticism was not significant (β = -0.006, p = 0.771). Overall, the pattern is broadly consistent with prior meta-analytic evidence, but the structural model reveals a unique negative association for Extraversion that is not evident in zero-order correlations. This highlights the value of modeling the Big Five jointly when drawing inferences about personality-achievement relations.

Introduction: Employees' workplace proactivity plays a critical role in organizational stability and sustainability.

Methods: Drawing on data from the 2021 wave of the Chinese General Social Survey, this study investigates the determinants of employees' workplace proactivity within the Ability-Motivation-Opportunity framework.

Results: The results indicate that, among ability-related factors, age, job tenure, and participation in corporate training positively influence workplace proactivity. At the motivation level, being married, access to non-monetary benefits, perceived promotion opportunities, life satisfaction, interpersonal relationship satisfaction, satisfaction with work pressure, and an internal career locus of control all exert positive effects, whereas an external career locus of control negatively affects workplace proactivity. At the opportunity level, ethnicity, on-site work arrangements, and perceived labor protection enhance workplace proactivity, while overtime hours reduce it. Among them, the perceived labor protection and internal career locus of control are two core variables driving workplace proactivity. Overall, the explanatory power of motivation dimension and the opportunity dimension substantially outweighs that of the ability dimension, challenging the conventional assumption in the AMO framework of relatively balanced contributions across its three dimensions. Heterogeneity analyses show that early adulthood (age 30-39) is the stage in which the influencing factors converge most intensively; moreover, interpersonal relationship satisfaction, internal career locus of control, and perceived labor protection function as stable, cross-age drivers. A series of robustness checks confirms the stability of the findings.

Discussion: This study provides policy implications for organizations seeking to enhance employee vitality and reduce turnover risk through targeted interventions in ability development, motivational enhancement, and opportunity provision. The results offer both theoretical and practical value for sustainable human resource management in the post-pandemic era.

Introduction: As tourism shifts from sustainability toward regeneration, active customer participation has become essential for revitalizing the peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation sector. However, the cultural values that motivate such participation remain largely overlooked. Drawing on Cognitive Appraisal Theory, this study investigates how yuanfen, a culturally embedded attributional appraisal of predestined connectedness, shapes customer voice intention in P2P accommodation contexts.

Methods: This study employed a scenario-based experiment manipulating interpersonal and physical-environmental cues. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships among perceived yuanfen, social bonds, perceived customer effectiveness (PCE), and customer voice intention.

Results: Both interpersonal and physical-environmental cues were found to effectively evoke perceived yuanfen. Higher levels of perceived yuanfen significantly increased customer voice intention, with social bonds acting as a key mediating mechanism. Moreover, the moderating analysis indicated that when perceived customer effectiveness (PCE) is low, the influence of social bonds on voice intention becomes stronger, identifying boundary conditions under which relational motivations are most behaviorally consequential.

Discussion: These findings demonstrate how culturally embedded appraisals such as yuanfen can shape prosocial engagement through strengthened social bonds. The results contribute to understanding how cultural meaning-making processes influence customer voice within P2P accommodation settings. Practically, P2P platforms and hosts may encourage constructive feedback by incorporating interpersonal and environmental cues that evoke relational warmth and connectedness.

Background: Emotions play a central role in second and foreign language (L2) learning, yet relatively little is known about how specific emotion regulation strategies shape the link between foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) and learners' engagement. Drawing on the process model of emotion regulation and positive psychology in second language acquisition (SLA), this study examined whether cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in English learning mediate the association between FLCA and English learning engagement among Chinese university students.

Methods: A cross-sectional online questionnaire survey was administered to 260 undergraduates enrolled in compulsory College English courses at multiple universities in Mainland China. Students completed newly developed, context-specific scales assessing FLCA, cognitive reappraisal in English learning, expressive suppression in English learning, and English learning engagement, along with demographic and English-learning background items. Descriptive statistics and correlations were computed, a four-factor confirmatory factor analysis evaluated the measurement model, and a parallel mediation model tested the hypothesized paths.

Results: Students reported moderate levels of FLCA and expressive suppression, moderate use of cognitive reappraisal, and moderately high English learning engagement. FLCA correlated negatively with both cognitive reappraisal and engagement, and positively with expressive suppression. In the structural model, FLCA showed a substantial negative total effect on engagement. When mediators were included, higher FLCA predicted less frequent cognitive reappraisal and more frequent expressive suppression; in turn, cognitive reappraisal was positively, and expressive suppression negatively, associated with engagement. Both indirect paths were statistically significant, and together accounted for a considerable portion of the FLCA-engagement link, while a meaningful direct effect of FLCA on engagement remained.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that foreign language classroom anxiety is robustly and negatively related to English learning engagement and that this relationship is partly explained by students' emotion regulation strategies. Cognitive reappraisal in English learning functions as an adaptive pathway that helps sustain engagement, whereas expressive suppression operates as a maladaptive pathway associated with disengagement. These results highlight the value of classroom practices and institutional initiatives that not only reduce excessive anxiety but also explicitly foster adaptive emotion regulation in university English-as-a-foreign-language contexts.

As remote and hybrid work becomes increasingly normalized, organizations rely on digital collaboration platforms to coordinate multicultural teams, yet it remains unclear how everyday technology-mediated interaction translates into inclusive leadership. This study examines whether digital collaboration tool use is associated with inclusive leadership through a sequential psychological pathway involving empathy, team cohesion, and cross-cultural communication. Drawing on social information processing theory and emotional contagion theory, survey data were collected from 240 employees working in multicultural remote or hybrid teams and analyzed using structural equation modeling and multi-group path analysis by gender. Results indicate that both the frequency of tool use and perceived interaction quality positively predict empathy in the full sample, and empathy is subsequently linked to stronger team cohesion, which supports more effective cross-cultural communication and, in turn, higher perceived inclusive leadership. Bootstrap analyses further support the significance of the sequential indirect effect. Multi-group comparisons reveal gender-related differences at the entry stage of the model: among women, tool use frequency predicts empathy whereas interaction quality is not significant; among men, both predictors are significant. Taken together, the findings suggest that the leadership relevance of digital collaboration tools operates primarily through socio-emotional and relational processes rather than through technology use alone, and that these processes may unfold differently across gender groups in multicultural remote work contexts.

This study examines the association between attitudes toward animals, anthropomorphic tendencies, and beliefs about the social role of companion animals (cats and dogs) in the household. We hypothesised that beliefs about the social role of companion animals are shaped both by general attitudes toward animals, including opinions about the emotional and cognitive abilities of the animals, and by a higher tendency to anthropomorphise expressed by pet owners. We investigated behavioural expressions, such as communication and reconciliation with the animal, and perceived social support as relational outcomes between owners and their pets. Data were collected via questionnaires from a sample of 445 cat and dog guardians from Romania, where cultural norms around companion animals are under-researched. The findings indicate that anthropomorphic thinking is a stronger predictor of the perceived social role of the pet in the familial structure than general attitudes toward animals. Moreover, our findings indicate that pet role perception partially mediates the relational outcomes: participants who ascribed their pets a more influential social role reported a higher level of communicative and reconciliatory behaviour, as well as greater social support. This study also explores the valence of anthropomorphic attribution, whether positive, negative, or mixed. The findings reflect that participants vary in the attribution of exclusively positive, exclusively negative, or mixed qualities to their pets. These results highlight nuanced psychological processes that are shaping the emotional and behavioural landscape of human-pet relationships, and can be further integrated in educational contexts, including preparation for adoption, fostering and pet management programs.

This study employed a person-centered approach to identify latent profiles of academic burnout among Chinese university students and to examine the associations between academic burnout profiles and smartphone addiction, sleep quality, and mindfulness. A sample of 2,948 Chinese university students was recruited to complete measures of academic burnout, smartphone addiction, sleep quality, and mindfulness. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify distinct burnout profiles, and multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with profile membership. Three distinct profiles of academic burnout were identified: a Low Burnout profile (18.15%), a Medium Burnout profile (50.88%), and a High Burnout profile (30.97%). The profiles differed significantly on all correlates, with the high burnout group exhibiting the most severe smartphone addiction, the poorest sleep quality, and the lowest mindfulness. Regression analysis revealed that higher smartphone addiction and poorer sleep quality were significantly associated with membership in the Medium and High Burnout profiles relative to the Low Burnout profile, whereas higher mindfulness was significantly associated with lower likelihood of belonging to higher burnout profiles. Academic burnout among Chinese university students is a heterogeneous experience, with a majority falling into an at-risk or intermediate state. Smartphone addiction, poor sleep, and low mindfulness are associated with higher burnout risk. These findings highlight the need for universities to develop targeted, profile-based interventions to provide precise and effective mental health support. However, due to the cross-sectional design, causal relationships cannot be inferred.

Introduction: Transformational leadership is crucial for team functioning and cohesion in sports, yet the psychological mechanisms, specifically the role of trust, linking this leadership style to team outcomes in competitive university contexts remain under-investigated. This study, therefore, examined the associations and potential mediating roles of cognitive and affective trust in the relationship between athletes' perceptions of transformational leadership and team task cohesion.

Methods: Data were collected from 362 male university soccer players affiliated with the Korea University Sports Federation (KUSF) using stratified sampling and standardized self-report instruments. To examine the hypothesized relationships, we employed structural equation modeling (SEM), focusing on the direct and indirect effects of cognitive and affective trust as potential mediators.

Results: The analysis indicated that transformational leadership had no significant direct association with team task cohesion. However, cognitive trust was found to function as the sole significant mediator in this relationship. Although affective trust was positively associated with transformational leadership and cognitive trust, it did not significantly relate to task cohesion. Furthermore, cognitive trust significantly predicted affective trust, consistent with a unidirectional sequence from rational appraisal to emotional bonding.

Discussion: These findings offer empirical support for the pivotal role of cognitive trust as a foundational mediator that simultaneously facilitates performance-oriented outcomes and interpersonal attachment in university sports. Specifically, the results extend theoretical understanding by clarifying that cognitive trust serves as a critical gateway, linking transformational leadership to both greater team task cohesion and the progressive development of affective trust among athletes. Practically, the results emphasize that coaches must prioritize consistent, competent, and fair leadership behaviors to cultivate cognitive trust; this strategic focus activates a dual psychological pathway that effectively enhances task-oriented cohesion while also strengthening the long-term emotional stability of the team.