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ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives最新文献

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Preserving South Africa's Paper Trail and Making Public Records Available for Present and Future Generations 保存南非的书面记录,为今世后代提供公共记录
P. Ngulube
Access to public records and archives in South Africa is diminishing rapidly largely due to inadequate preservation strategies and a dearth of knowledge of archival preservation techniques. Inadequate attention is being paid to preservation as a collection management strategy. Continued access to South African archives is going to largely depend on how they are preserved from creation right through their entire life cycle. The aim of preservation is to prolong the usable life of archives in order to ensure indefinite access to them. The situation regarding preserving public records and archives and making them available by archival institutions in South Africa was investigated. Based on a questionnaire survey, interviews, observation and content analysis of key documentary sources the study revealed the inadequate housing and environmental conditions of the archival holdings, a lack of awareness concerning preventive preservation measures, inadequate preservation programmes and limited conservation education, limited resources for conservation activities, and weak organisational structure and funding of archival institutions in South Africa in general. The study concluded that unless the existing situation is reversed, access to public records and archives in South Africa would diminish.
在南非,获取公共记录和档案的机会正在迅速减少,这主要是由于保存策略不充分和档案保存技术知识的缺乏。对保存作为一种收藏管理战略的重视不够。能否继续访问南非档案在很大程度上取决于它们从创作到整个生命周期的保存方式。保存的目的是延长档案的使用寿命,以保证档案的无限期使用。对南非保存公共记录和档案并使其供档案机构使用的情况进行了调查。通过问卷调查、访谈、观察和对主要文献来源的内容分析,研究揭示了南非档案馆藏的住房和环境条件不足、对预防性保护措施缺乏认识、保护计划不充分和保护教育有限、保护活动资源有限、组织结构和资金薄弱等问题。这项研究的结论是,除非扭转目前的情况,否则在南非取得公共记录和档案的机会将会减少。
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引用次数: 8
Utilization of Archival Information at Swaziland National Archives by Researchers at University of Swaziland 斯威士兰大学研究人员对斯威士兰国家档案馆档案信息的利用
Phumzile Hlophe, J. Wamukoya
This paper discusses the findings of a study that was carried out to assess the utilization of archival information at Swaziland National Archives (SNA) by researchers at the University of Swaziland (UNISWA). Its purpose was to establish the researchers' information needs and their information seeking behaviour, as well as to determine how these needs were being met. It further wanted to establish the factors that hindered access and use of the archival information and how those factors could be addressed. The study methodology involved questionnaires, face to face interviews as well as structured observations. The respondents included lecturers, postgraduate students and archives personnel. The study results revealed that the SNA was underutilized by researchers at UNISWA, the search-room was not conducive for research purposes and the search-room staff took long to retrieve required documents. Factors contributing to this were found to include lack of skilled personnel, lack of proper marketing strategies, lack of user studies, lack of relevant information and inadequate opening hours. The authors' recommendations include training of existing staff and recruitment of additional personnel, conduct of user studies, improved marketing strategies, and extension of opening hours to include weekends.
本文讨论了一项研究的结果,该研究是由斯威士兰大学(UNISWA)的研究人员进行的,目的是评估斯威士兰国家档案馆(SNA)档案信息的利用情况。其目的是确定研究人员的信息需求和他们的信息寻求行为,以及确定这些需求是如何得到满足的。它还想确定妨碍获取和利用档案资料的因素,以及如何解决这些因素。研究方法包括问卷调查、面对面访谈以及结构化观察。受访者包括讲师、研究生和档案工作人员。研究结果显示,联西工程处的研究人员没有充分利用国民核算体系,检索室不利于研究目的,检索室工作人员花了很长时间检索所需的文件。造成这种情况的因素包括缺乏熟练人员、缺乏适当的销售战略、缺乏用户研究、缺乏有关资料和开放时间不足。作者的建议包括培训现有工作人员和征聘额外人员、进行用户研究、改进营销策略以及延长营业时间以包括周末。
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引用次数: 9
Public Records and Archives as Tools for Good Governance: Reflections Within the Recordkeeping Scholarly and Practitioner Communities 公共记录和档案作为良好治理的工具:记录保存学术和从业者社区的反思
H. Kemoni, P. Ngulube, C. Stilwell
The article presents the various points of view regarding the definitions and uses of records and archives amongst the recordkeeping scholarly and practitioner communities. It demonstrates that whereas records and archives are useful tools for facilitating transparency, accountability and good governance in society, they could be used as instruments of repression and human rights abuses. Attempts made by various regimes to destroy evidence documented in records to conceal actions related to misuse of power and human rights abuses are highlighted. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for records and archives personnel to collaborate in order to establish good recordkeeping regimes that facilitate the exploitation and use of records and archives as tools for governance, enhancement of public service delivery and achievement of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. It is hoped that the article will stir further debate and encourage more research among recordkeeping scholars, consultants, researchers and practitioners into the use of records and archives as tools for good governance and protection of human rights.
本文介绍了记录保存学术和从业者社区中关于记录和档案的定义和使用的各种观点。它表明,虽然记录和档案是促进社会透明度、问责制和良好治理的有用工具,但它们可能被用作镇压和侵犯人权的工具。报告强调指出,各种政权企图销毁记录在案的证据,以掩盖与滥用权力和侵犯人权有关的行动。文章最后强调了记录和档案人员合作的必要性,以建立良好的记录保存制度,促进记录和档案的开发和使用,作为治理、加强公共服务提供和实现联合国千年发展目标的工具。希望这篇文章将激起进一步的辩论,并鼓励记录保存学者、顾问、研究人员和实践者对使用记录和档案作为善治和保护人权的工具进行更多的研究。
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引用次数: 29
Policies and Procedures for the Management of Electronic Records in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa 博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚和南非电子记录管理政策和程序
S. Keakopa
This article focuses on policies and procedures for the management of electronic records in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. Using the data collected in 2003 and 2004 as part of the author's doctoral research, the article reports that policies and procedures for the management of electronic records were non-existent in Botswana and Namibia. These policies and procedures are, however, important for directing and guiding records officers on better approaches to the management of electronic records. In contrast, South Africa was advanced in the area of policy development. The article makes recommendations on how Botswana and Namibia could proceed in their effort to develop policies and procedures for the management of electronic records in their countries.
本文的重点是博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚和南非管理电子记录的政策和程序。这篇文章利用作者在2003年和2004年博士研究中收集的数据,报告说博茨瓦纳和纳米比亚不存在管理电子记录的政策和程序。然而,这些政策和程序对于指导和指导记录干事更好地管理电子记录是很重要的。相比之下,南非在政策制定领域处于领先地位。文章就博茨瓦纳和纳米比亚如何着手制定本国管理电子记录的政策和程序提出了建议。
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引用次数: 34
The Nature of Documentary Materials in Africa and the Challenges to Preserving Them 非洲文献资料的性质和保存它们的挑战
Alexio Motsi
Africa has a rich and diverse culture that has been documented in many different ways, some of which are not as conventional as the western ways. Documentation methods in Africa range from word of mouth (oral history) to the modern electronic systems. Leaves, skins, tree bark, stones, clay, rocks, string are some of the traditional ways in which information was documented. The notion that Africa is a continent of song and dance must be revisited and corrected. The discovery of the Islamic manuscripts going back to the 12th Century AD in North and West Africa is a clear proof that scholarly work has been going on for centuries in Africa. The challenge to us is how to preserve these diverse materials considering that the world is advancing at a very fast rate with worrying issues such as the depletion of the ozone layer and ravaging poverty. Governments are faced with different challenges that tend to push heritage preservation to the bottom of the list of priorities for justifiable reasons. ESARBICA Journal Vol.23 2004: 62-67
非洲有着丰富多样的文化,以许多不同的方式被记录下来,其中一些不像西方的方式那样传统。非洲的文献记录方法从口口相传(口述历史)到现代电子系统。树叶、皮、树皮、石头、粘土、岩石、绳子是记录信息的一些传统方式。必须重新审视和纠正非洲是一个歌舞大陆的观念。在北非和西非发现的伊斯兰手稿可以追溯到公元12世纪,这清楚地证明了学术工作在非洲已经进行了几个世纪。我们面临的挑战是如何保护这些不同的材料,因为世界正在以非常快的速度发展,令人担忧的问题,如臭氧层的消耗和肆虐的贫困。各国政府面临着不同的挑战,出于正当的理由,这些挑战往往将遗产保护推到优先事项清单的底部。生物医学工程学报Vol.23 2004: 62-67
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引用次数: 4
Costing and budgeting for preservation and conservation in the East and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives (ESARBICA) region 国际档案理事会(ESARBICA)区域东部和南部非洲区域分会保存和养护的成本计算和预算编制
S. Keakopa
Within the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives (ESARBICA) region, little or no information is available on budgeting systems for archival institutions in the region to enhance preservation and conservation programs. Preservation and conservation requires both economic time management and fiscal prudence. With limited budgets throughout the region, there is an acute need for proper budgeting and costing in an effort to maximize the limited resources. This paper attempts to highlight the importance of budgeting and costing in conservation and preservation practices by archival institutions in the ESARBICA region. The paper concludes by proposing the need for preservation and conservation managers to formulate a deliberate and conscious strategy aimed at promoting best and sound accounting practices to ensure maximization of resources. This would convince the skeptics of the necessity of channeling more funding to promote preservation and conservation activities. ESARBICA Journal Vol.23 2004: 68-74
在国际档案理事会(ESARBICA)东部和南部非洲区域分部,很少或根本没有关于该地区档案机构加强保存和保护计划的预算系统的信息。保存和保护需要经济时间管理和财政审慎。由于整个区域的预算有限,迫切需要进行适当的预算编制和成本计算,以便尽量利用有限的资源。本文试图强调预算和成本在ESARBICA地区档案机构的保护和保存实践中的重要性。论文最后提出,保护和养护管理人员需要制定一项深思熟虑和有意识的战略,旨在促进最佳和健全的会计做法,以确保资源的最大化。这将使持怀疑态度的人相信有必要投入更多资金来促进保护和保护活动。生物医学工程学报Vol.23 2004: 68-74
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引用次数: 1
An accountability framework for archival appraisal 档案鉴定的问责制框架
Jim Suderman
The electronic environment has caused archivists to re-examine what they do and why they do it. What was understood or perhaps taken for granted in the paper environment is not understood and cannot be taken for granted in the new electronic environment. But such a re-examination also tells us that archivists do not believe themselves to be simply part of a production line, overseeing the acquisition of some records and the destruction of others. It reminds us that we believe ourselves to be active and responsible participants in the shaping of human memory and contributors to the quality of life within our societies. It is not surprising then that we should look to our processes to see how they are accountable to our stakeholders. And central to any concept of archival accountability is our understanding of the records we seek to preserve. In this way the remarkable impact of modern information and communications technologies on the conception, creation, use and preservation of records requires us to not only refine our understanding of what we mean by records but also how we accountably fulfil such a core function as appraising them. It is my goal to outline a framework for understanding archival appraisal accountability. The paper begins by describing archival appraisal as a business process of archivists that is executed within archival institutions and goes on to address apparaisal principles and ethics. It concludes by suggesting that an essential component of any accountability framework is determining for how long archivists are accountable. ESARBICA Journal Vol.23 2004: 51-61
电子环境促使档案保管员重新审视他们所做的工作以及他们为什么要这样做。在纸质环境中被理解或被认为理所当然的东西,在新的电子环境中不被理解,也不能被认为理所当然。但这样的重新审视也告诉我们,档案保管员并不认为自己只是生产线的一部分,监督一些记录的获得和其他记录的销毁。它提醒我们,我们相信自己是塑造人类记忆的积极和负责任的参与者,是社会生活质量的贡献者。因此,我们应该关注我们的流程,看看它们是如何对我们的涉众负责的,这并不奇怪。任何档案责任概念的核心是我们对我们寻求保存的记录的理解。因此,现代信息和通信技术对记录的概念、创造、使用和保存的显著影响要求我们不仅要改进对记录含义的理解,还要考虑我们如何负责任地履行评估记录这一核心职能。我的目标是概述一个理解档案评估责任的框架。本文首先将档案评估描述为档案工作者在档案机构内执行的业务流程,然后讨论了幻影原则和伦理。它的结论是,任何问责制框架的一个重要组成部分是确定档案工作者的问责期限。生物医学工程学报Vol.23 2004: 51-61
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引用次数: 5
Legal Recordkeeping in an African Context – The Case of the Rwandan Genocide Archives 非洲背景下的法律记录保存——卢旺达种族灭绝档案案例
T. Adami, K. S. Khamis, Jones O Lukose
Ten years on from the horrors of the civil war in Rwanda in 1994, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda [ICTR] has come a long way in terms of its recordkeeping practices. In four years since 2000 many innovative and sustainable practices have been adopted. The main focus of the work of the Judicial Records and Archives Unit has been to provide a service based on satisfying the users’ requirements. The court proceedings are the raison d’etre of the work of all staff at ICTR. We have developed some innovative and feasible solutions to practical problems. This article sketches some of the challenges we faced in managing records of ICTR. ESARBICA Journal Vol.23 2004: 3-16
1994年卢旺达内战的恐怖已经过去了10年,卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭在保存记录方面取得了长足的进步。自2000年以来的四年里,采用了许多创新和可持续的做法。司法记录和档案股的主要工作重点是在满足用户需求的基础上提供服务。法庭诉讼是卢旺达问题国际法庭所有工作人员工作的理由。我们针对实际问题提出了一些新颖可行的解决办法。本文概述了我们在管理卢旺达问题国际法庭记录方面面临的一些挑战。生物学报Vol.23 2004: 3-16
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引用次数: 2
Freedom of Information, Records Management and Good Governance. Any Symbolic Relationship? 信息自由、记录管理和善政。有什么象征关系吗?
P. Sebina
Governments around the world are often praised for good or rebuked for bad governance. This paper argues that good governance is predicated on the adoption of functional records management and the enactment of Freedom of Information (FOI) legislation by governments. Records that are accumulated and used by government are reflective of the activities undertaken and the processes that have or are being initiated on behalf of the public. Management of these records enables government to operate in a transparent fashion and be able to account to the public who brought it to power. Promulgation of FOI by government is an assurance to the public that it is transparent and accountable. Existence of proper management of government records backed by FOI is an assurance that governance is carried out to reflect and protect the will of the public. FOI and records management are guarantees of good governance. ESARBICA Journal Vol.23 2004: 45-50
世界各地的政府经常因治理好而受到赞扬,或因治理不好而受到指责。本文认为,良好的治理是基于政府采用功能档案管理和制定信息自由(FOI)立法。政府积累和使用的记录反映了代表公众开展的活动和已经或正在启动的过程。这些记录的管理使政府能够以透明的方式运作,并能够向公众解释是谁把它推上了权力宝座。政府颁布《信息自由法》是向公众保证它是透明和负责任的。在《信息自由法》的支持下,对政府记录进行适当管理,确保政府的治理能够反映和保护公众的意愿。信息自由和记录管理是善政的保证。生物医学工程学报Vol.23 2004: 45-50
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引用次数: 14
Preservation and Conservation of Library and Archival Materials: Lessons From Thomas Mofolo Library of the National University of Lesotho 图书馆和档案资料的保存和保护:来自莱索托国立大学托马斯·莫福罗图书馆的经验教训
Celina Mabokhatse Qobo
The paper is on the preservation and conservation practices at Thomas Mofolo library. It examines the situation and the environment under which the library and archival materials are kept and made accessible to the users so as to pinpoint the main enemy of the TML collection. It goes on to look at the impact of increasing number of users on the dwindling resources.The paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction which deals with the structure of the paper. The second part is the background information on Thomas Mofolo Library. The third part is on the problems Thomas Mofolo Library experience with regard to the preservation and conservation of its collection. The fourth part is on the measures taken by Thomas Mofolo library to preserve its collection. The fifth part deals with the future activities of Thomas Mofolo Library on preservation and the sixth part is the conclusions. ESARBICA Journal Vol.23 2004: 75-81
这篇论文是关于Thomas Mofolo图书馆的保存和保护实践。它考察了图书馆和档案资料保存和向用户提供的情况和环境,以便查明TML馆藏的主要敌人。它继续研究用户数量增加对资源减少的影响。本文共分为六个部分。第一部分是绪论,阐述了本文的结构。第二部分是Thomas Mofolo图书馆的背景资料。第三部分是Thomas Mofolo图书馆在馆藏保存和保护方面遇到的问题。第四部分是Thomas Mofolo图书馆为保存馆藏所采取的措施。第五部分是Thomas Mofolo图书馆未来的保护活动,第六部分是结论。生物医学工程学报Vol.23 2004: 75-81
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引用次数: 2
期刊
ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives
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