Fungal Biology Reviews最新文献

英文中文

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in desert ecosystems: Adaptive mechanisms to co-occurring drought, temperature, and salinity stress 沙漠生态系统中的丛枝菌根真菌：对同时发生的干旱、温度和盐度胁迫的适应机制

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2026.100472

Hassan Etesami , Umarov Otabek , Bafayeva Zahro , Yuldoshov Laziz , Nazarova Sevara

Arid ecosystems, covering over 40 % of Earth's land, face increasing stress from drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form keystone symbioses with desert plants, enhancing their resilience to these co-occurring stressors. This review synthesizes mechanistic and field-based evidence from deserts (e.g., Caatinga, Atacama, and Arabian Peninsula), showing AMF mediate drought tolerance through osmotic adjustment and improved water/nutrient uptake via extensive hyphal networks. In saline conditions, AMF enhance ion homeostasis, reducing Na⁺ toxicity. Key mechanisms include activation of antioxidant defense systems (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) and modulation of phytohormones (e.g., abscisic acid) and stress-responsive genes (e.g., aquaporins). Morphological adaptations like improved soil aggregation via glomalin-related soil proteins further aid water retention. However, benefits are context-dependent, varying with fungal and host identity, and can be absent under hyper-arid extremes. Field studies confirm native AMF communities, particularly Glomeraceae, are critically adapted for local stress tolerance and are vital for soil health and combating desertification. Their functionality declines at environmental thresholds, underscoring the need to conserve indigenous symbionts. Future research must prioritize multi-stress interactions, molecular cross-talk in tripartite symbioses (e.g., AMF-endobacteria-plant), and developing climate-resilient AMF inoculants for restoration. Integrating omics with field studies will elucidate microbial consortia dynamics, advancing sustainable agriculture in arid frontiers and advocating for AMF-centric approaches to preserve biodiversity in a warming climate.

覆盖地球40%以上土地的干旱生态系统正面临着干旱、盐碱化和极端温度带来的越来越大的压力。丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）与沙漠植物形成关键的共生关系，增强了它们对这些共同发生的压力源的适应能力。本文综合了来自沙漠（如卡廷加、阿塔卡马和阿拉伯半岛）的机械和实地证据，表明AMF通过渗透调节和通过广泛的菌丝网络改善水/养分吸收来调节耐旱性。在盐水条件下，AMF增强离子稳态，降低Na+毒性。关键机制包括激活抗氧化防御系统（如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶）和调节植物激素（如脱落酸）和应激反应基因（如水通道蛋白）。形态上的适应，如通过球小球素相关的土壤蛋白质改善土壤聚集，进一步帮助水分保持。然而，益处是依赖于环境的，随真菌和宿主的身份而变化，并且在极度干旱的极端条件下可能没有益处。实地研究证实，当地的AMF群落，特别是小球科植物，对当地的抗逆性有很大的适应性，对土壤健康和防治荒漠化至关重要。它们的功能在环境阈值下下降，强调了保护本地共生体的必要性。未来的研究必须优先考虑多胁迫相互作用、三方共生（如AMF-内生细菌-植物）中的分子串扰，以及开发气候适应型AMF接种剂进行修复。将组学与实地研究相结合将阐明微生物群落动态，促进干旱地区的可持续农业，并倡导以amf为中心的方法来保护气候变暖中的生物多样性。

{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in desert ecosystems: Adaptive mechanisms to co-occurring drought, temperature, and salinity stress","authors":"Hassan Etesami , Umarov Otabek , Bafayeva Zahro , Yuldoshov Laziz , Nazarova Sevara","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2026.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2026.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arid ecosystems, covering over 40 % of Earth's land, face increasing stress from drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form keystone symbioses with desert plants, enhancing their resilience to these co-occurring stressors. This review synthesizes mechanistic and field-based evidence from deserts (e.g., Caatinga, Atacama, and Arabian Peninsula), showing AMF mediate drought tolerance through osmotic adjustment and improved water/nutrient uptake via extensive hyphal networks. In saline conditions, AMF enhance ion homeostasis, reducing Na<sup>+</sup> toxicity. Key mechanisms include activation of antioxidant defense systems (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) and modulation of phytohormones (e.g., abscisic acid) and stress-responsive genes (e.g., aquaporins). Morphological adaptations like improved soil aggregation via glomalin-related soil proteins further aid water retention. However, benefits are context-dependent, varying with fungal and host identity, and can be absent under hyper-arid extremes. Field studies confirm native AMF communities, particularly Glomeraceae, are critically adapted for local stress tolerance and are vital for soil health and combating desertification. Their functionality declines at environmental thresholds, underscoring the need to conserve indigenous symbionts. Future research must prioritize multi-stress interactions, molecular cross-talk in tripartite symbioses (e.g., AMF-endobacteria-plant), and developing climate-resilient AMF inoculants for restoration. Integrating omics with field studies will elucidate microbial consortia dynamics, advancing sustainable agriculture in arid frontiers and advocating for AMF-centric approaches to preserve biodiversity in a warming climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dematophora necatrix: From taxonomy to molecular advances 颈线虫：从分类到分子进展

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2026.100471

Maryke Carstens , Clara Pliego , Annabel Norval , Noëlani van den Berg

Dematophora necatrix Hartig is a destructive soil-borne fungus responsible for White Root Rot (WRR), affecting more than 350 plant species across 51 countries, including many economically important crops. The pathogen's persistence in soil and broad host range makes it especially challenging to control. Over the past decade, molecular studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the pathogen's biology and its interactions with host plants. These developments underscore the need for a comprehensive review to consolidate recent scientific progress. First, we outline the taxonomy, biology, disease symptoms, hosts and global distribution, and current management strategies of D. necatrix. We then focus on recent molecular advances, highlighting how genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics studies have improved our understanding of the pathogen's virulence and pathogenicity. A high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly has enabled more precise annotation and gene prediction. Transcriptomic analyses have identified candidate pathogenicity-related genes and putative effectors, while secretome proteomic studies suggest the production of antimicrobial proteins which may facilitate infection by suppressing microbial competitors. Secondary metabolites, such as cytochalasin E, have been implicated in virulence, although their precise roles in pathogenicity remain unresolved. Improved transformation protocols now permit targeted gene manipulation, creating new opportunities for functional studies. Lastly, this review highlights key knowledge gaps and calls for integrated multi-omics approaches to better understand D. necatrix pathogenicity and virulence, long-term survival, and environmental adaptation. Such insights are critical for the development of durable, targeted strategies to manage WRR.

白根腐病（WRR）是一种破坏性的土传真菌，影响51个国家的350多种植物，包括许多重要的经济作物。病原菌在土壤中的持久性和广泛的寄主范围使其特别难以控制。在过去的十年中，分子研究大大提高了我们对病原体生物学及其与寄主植物相互作用的理解。这些事态发展强调需要进行全面审查，以巩固最近的科学进展。首先，我们概述了线虫的分类、生物学、疾病症状、寄主和全球分布，以及目前的管理策略。然后，我们关注最近的分子进展，强调基因组学，转录组学，蛋白质组学和代谢组学研究如何提高我们对病原体的毒力和致病性的理解。高质量的染色体水平基因组组装使更精确的注释和基因预测成为可能。转录组学分析已经确定了候选的致病性相关基因和可能的效应基因，而分泌组学蛋白质组学研究表明，抗菌蛋白的产生可能通过抑制微生物竞争对手来促进感染。次级代谢物，如细胞松弛素E，与毒力有关，尽管它们在致病性中的确切作用仍未得到解决。改进的转化协议现在允许有针对性的基因操作，为功能研究创造新的机会。最后，本综述强调了关键的知识空白，并呼吁采用综合多组学方法来更好地了解线虫的致病性和毒力、长期生存和环境适应。这些见解对于制定持久、有针对性的水资源资源管理战略至关重要。

{"title":"Dematophora necatrix: From taxonomy to molecular advances","authors":"Maryke Carstens , Clara Pliego , Annabel Norval , Noëlani van den Berg","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2026.100471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2026.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dematophora necatrix</em> Hartig is a destructive soil-borne fungus responsible for White Root Rot (WRR), affecting more than 350 plant species across 51 countries, including many economically important crops. The pathogen's persistence in soil and broad host range makes it especially challenging to control. Over the past decade, molecular studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the pathogen's biology and its interactions with host plants. These developments underscore the need for a comprehensive review to consolidate recent scientific progress. First, we outline the taxonomy, biology, disease symptoms, hosts and global distribution, and current management strategies of <em>D. necatrix</em>. We then focus on recent molecular advances, highlighting how genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics studies have improved our understanding of the pathogen's virulence and pathogenicity. A high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly has enabled more precise annotation and gene prediction. Transcriptomic analyses have identified candidate pathogenicity-related genes and putative effectors, while secretome proteomic studies suggest the production of antimicrobial proteins which may facilitate infection by suppressing microbial competitors. Secondary metabolites, such as cytochalasin E, have been implicated in virulence, although their precise roles in pathogenicity remain unresolved. Improved transformation protocols now permit targeted gene manipulation, creating new opportunities for functional studies. Lastly, this review highlights key knowledge gaps and calls for integrated multi-omics approaches to better understand <em>D. necatrix</em> pathogenicity and virulence, long-term survival, and environmental adaptation. Such insights are critical for the development of durable, targeted strategies to manage WRR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do we need a more structured system for gene names and pathways now that omics studies revealed a higher complexity of fungal carbon metabolism? 既然组学研究揭示了真菌碳代谢的更高复杂性，我们是否需要一个更结构化的基因名称和途径系统？

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100470

Ronald P. de Vries, Jiajia Li

Omics studies have revealed a much higher complexity and diversity of fungal primary carbon metabolism than was previously assumed, especially with respect to the number of genes/enzymes involved in individual pathway steps. These new insights sometimes conflict with historical gene naming systems which may lead to confusion, especially in comparative studies with multiple fungi. To reduce such issues in the future, especially taking into account the increasing use of AI-methods in data mining and comparative genomics, a more systematic and uniform naming system could be beneficial. This would require some gene renaming and prevention of using different names for the same biological function or the same name for genes with different biological functions and likely will depend on a fungal community-wide effort to achieve this. In this opinion paper we suggest such a structure, based on the genes involved in primary carbon metabolism of one of the best studied fungi in this field, the ascomycete Aspergillus niger. The proposed restructuring in this opinion paper therefore represents a model-derived framework rather than a universally applicable solution.

组学研究揭示了真菌初级碳代谢的复杂性和多样性比以前假设的要高得多，特别是涉及单个途径步骤的基因/酶的数量。这些新的见解有时与历史基因命名系统相冲突，这可能导致混乱，特别是在与多种真菌的比较研究中。为了在未来减少此类问题，特别是考虑到人工智能方法在数据挖掘和比较基因组学中的越来越多的使用，一个更系统和统一的命名系统可能是有益的。这将需要一些基因重命名和防止对相同的生物功能使用不同的名称或对具有不同生物功能的基因使用相同的名称，并且可能取决于真菌社区范围内的努力来实现这一点。在这篇观点论文中，我们提出了这样一个结构，基于参与初级碳代谢的基因在该领域研究最好的真菌之一，子囊菌黑曲霉。因此，本意见文件中拟议的重组是一种源自模型的框架，而不是普遍适用的解决办法。

{"title":"Do we need a more structured system for gene names and pathways now that omics studies revealed a higher complexity of fungal carbon metabolism?","authors":"Ronald P. de Vries, Jiajia Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Omics studies have revealed a much higher complexity and diversity of fungal primary carbon metabolism than was previously assumed, especially with respect to the number of genes/enzymes involved in individual pathway steps. These new insights sometimes conflict with historical gene naming systems which may lead to confusion, especially in comparative studies with multiple fungi. To reduce such issues in the future, especially taking into account the increasing use of AI-methods in data mining and comparative genomics, a more systematic and uniform naming system could be beneficial. This would require some gene renaming and prevention of using different names for the same biological function or the same name for genes with different biological functions and likely will depend on a fungal community-wide effort to achieve this. In this opinion paper we suggest such a structure, based on the genes involved in primary carbon metabolism of one of the best studied fungi in this field, the ascomycete <em>Aspergillus niger</em>. The proposed restructuring in this opinion paper therefore represents a model-derived framework rather than a universally applicable solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of chronic infection: The multificated strategy of Cryptococcus 慢性感染的机制：隐球菌的多重策略

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100469

Sijie Qian, Danfeng Fang, Hongxin Fu, Wei Wu, Weibo Du

Cryptococcus is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that is capable of establishing chronic infections in hosts through diverse and intricate mechanisms: niche colonization via Titan cells and dormant persister/VBNC cells; host adaptation through capsule mediated immune evasion and phsiological tolerance to temperature and CO2; and tissue dissemination supported by enzymatic degradation and seed cell propagation. This review synthesizes these interconnected pathways to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding cryptococcal persistence and identifies promising targets for therapeutic intervention.

隐球菌是一种机会致病性真菌，能够通过多种复杂的机制在宿主体内建立慢性感染：通过泰坦细胞和休眠的持久性/VBNC细胞定殖生态位；寄主通过胶囊介导的免疫逃避和对温度和CO2的生理耐受来适应；组织传播由酶降解和种子细胞繁殖支持。这篇综述综合了这些相互关联的途径，为理解隐球菌的持久性提供了一个全面的框架，并确定了治疗干预的有希望的靶点。

引用次数: 0

Editorial: 2025 mycological book news 社论：2025真菌学图书新闻

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100461

David L. Hawksworth

Information is provided on 15 books on various aspects of mycology seen during 2025, along with full bibliographic information and prices. Remarks on their contents, contexts, and potential audiences are included.

提供了关于2025年期间真菌学各个方面的15本书的信息，以及完整的书目信息和价格。包括对其内容、背景和潜在受众的评论。

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Together we raise the mycologists of the future 社论：我们一起培养未来的真菌学家

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100460

Jan Dijksterhuis (Senior Editor), Irina S. Druzhinina (Senior Editor)

引用次数: 0

Rhodotorula genus: vast knowledge, limited commercialization – What's holding us back? 红酵母属：广博的知识，有限的商业化——是什么阻碍了我们？

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100459

Imene Chentir , Yamina Ben Miri , Anna Maria Kot , Pooja Nikhanj , Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy , Fatma Arous , Giorgos Markou

Recently, the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula, belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, has emerged as a sustainable biotechnology microorganisms due to its unique ability to produce bioactive and functional carotenoids and lipids. This review outlines the possible applications of Rhodotorula biomass, carotenoids and lipids in various sectors including food, feed, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and energy. Moreover, this review is highlighting the key barriers limiting the commercialization of Rhodotorula-derived products while suggesting potential solutions an such as the utilization of low-cost feedstocks. Further, the methods and approaches to boost the biomass, carotenoids and lipids are also discussed while indicating the main opportunities to explore for sustainable biotechnology and viable commercialization of this yeast.

近年来，担子菌门的产油酵母红酵母（Rhodotorula）因其独特的生产生物活性和功能性类胡萝卜素和脂类的能力而成为一种可持续的生物技术微生物。本文综述了红酵母生物量、类胡萝卜素和脂质在食品、饲料、农业、医药、化妆品和能源等领域的应用前景。此外，本综述强调了限制红酵母衍生产品商业化的主要障碍，同时提出了潜在的解决方案，例如利用低成本原料。此外，还讨论了提高生物量、类胡萝卜素和脂质的方法和途径，同时指出了探索可持续生物技术和可行商业化的主要机会。

引用次数: 0

Agaricales from Antarctica: Diversity of basidiomata, research challenges, and future perspectives in polar environments 来自南极的沉香菌：极地环境中担子菌的多样性、研究挑战和未来展望

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100458

Fernando Augusto Bertazzo-Silva, Jair Putzke

Fungi of the order Agaricales, traditionally associated with forest ecosystems, have also been recorded in extreme environments such as Antarctica, where their diversity and ecological roles remain largely unexplored. This study compiles and analyzes existing knowledge on Antarctic Agaricales. Records reveal 21 species forming basidiomata in the region, including genera like Arrhenia, Galerina, Lichenomphalia, Omphalina, Pholiota, Rickenella, Rimbachia and Simocybe, typically linked to bryophyte mats and vascular plants. Recent studies have advanced knowledge by incorporating molecular techniques into traditional taxonomy. Despite these advances, the group remains taxonomically underrepresented due to challenges like scarce fertile basidiomata, cultivation difficulties and limited reference sequences. Future perspectives include applying high-throughput sequencing, increasing international collaboration and strengthening collections and expertise, which are crucial to overcoming current limitations. An integrative and collaborative approach can enhance fungal taxonomy and ecology while contributing to broader discussions on biodiversity, ecosystem function and biotechnological applications in polar regions.

传统上与森林生态系统有关的Agaricales目真菌也在南极洲等极端环境中被记录下来，但它们的多样性和生态作用在很大程度上仍未被探索。本研究整理并分析了南极栖类的现有知识。记录显示，该地区有21个物种形成了子孢子，包括Arrhenia、Galerina、Lichenomphalia、Omphalina、phooliota、Rickenella、Rimbachia和Simocybe等属，通常与苔藓植物垫和维管植物有关。最近的研究将分子技术纳入传统的分类学中，从而提高了知识水平。尽管取得了这些进展，但由于缺乏肥沃的担子瘤、栽培困难和有限的参考序列等挑战，该群体在分类上的代表性仍然不足。未来的前景包括应用高通量测序，加强国际合作，加强收集和专业知识，这对克服当前的局限性至关重要。综合和合作的方法可以加强真菌分类学和生态学，同时有助于更广泛地讨论极地地区的生物多样性、生态系统功能和生物技术应用。

{"title":"Agaricales from Antarctica: Diversity of basidiomata, research challenges, and future perspectives in polar environments","authors":"Fernando Augusto Bertazzo-Silva, Jair Putzke","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungi of the order <em>Agaricales</em>, traditionally associated with forest ecosystems, have also been recorded in extreme environments such as Antarctica, where their diversity and ecological roles remain largely unexplored. This study compiles and analyzes existing knowledge on Antarctic <em>Agaricales</em>. Records reveal 21 species forming basidiomata in the region, including genera like <em>Arrhenia, Galerina, Lichenomphalia, Omphalina, Pholiota, Rickenella, Rimbachia and Simocybe</em>, typically linked to bryophyte mats and vascular plants. Recent studies have advanced knowledge by incorporating molecular techniques into traditional taxonomy. Despite these advances, the group remains taxonomically underrepresented due to challenges like scarce fertile basidiomata, cultivation difficulties and limited reference sequences. Future perspectives include applying high-throughput sequencing, increasing international collaboration and strengthening collections and expertise, which are crucial to overcoming current limitations. An integrative and collaborative approach can enhance fungal taxonomy and ecology while contributing to broader discussions on biodiversity, ecosystem function and biotechnological applications in polar regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Opening the black box of an underexplored and megadiverse group: history, taxonomy and functionality of dark septate endophytes (DSE) 打开一个未被充分探索和多样化的群体的黑盒子：暗隔内生菌（DSE）的历史、分类和功能

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100457

Jaqueline Aparecida de Oliveira, Olinto Liparini Pereira

Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are facultative, biotrophic fungi that have a close association with and are restricted to plant roots; typically, with darkly-pigmented hyphae, and which frequently produce microsclerotia within the host tissues. They do not form a single taxonomic category and are distributed across different classes, orders and families of the phylum Ascomycota, representing a highly taxonomically-diverse group. There has been greater emphasis on studying DSE that can resist abiotic stresses and which confer this ability to their host plants such as resistance to high concentrations of salts and heavy metals; conditions of low nutrient availability; and, periods of prolonged drought. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that DSE have the potential to improve the performance of many crops, as evidenced by in vitro studies. The first observations of DSE date back over a century but, only recently, have studies focused exclusively on understanding this unique group of fungi, especially their taxonomy and functionality. This review provides a detailed history of DSE and highlights the many challenges posed by studying them. We also aim to encourage more in-depth and multidisciplinary research on DSE, particularly due to the urgent need for innovative and sustainable technologies in agriculture. DSE have shown great potential as candidates for developing future ‘bioinputs’ or ‘biologicals’.

暗隔内生菌（DSE）是兼性的生物营养真菌，与植物根系密切相关，并且仅限于植物根系；通常，具有深色的菌丝，并且经常在宿主组织内产生微菌核。它们不形成一个单一的分类范畴，分布在子囊菌门的不同纲、目和科中，代表了一个高度分类多样性的群体。人们更加重视研究能够抵抗非生物胁迫并将这种能力赋予其寄主植物的DSE，例如对高浓度盐和重金属的抗性；营养可利用性低的条件；以及长时间的干旱。此外，体外研究已经证明，DSE有可能改善许多作物的性能。对DSE的第一次观察可以追溯到一个多世纪以前，但直到最近，研究才专注于了解这一独特的真菌群，特别是它们的分类和功能。这篇综述提供了DSE的详细历史，并强调了研究它们所面临的许多挑战。我们还致力于鼓励在农业领域开展更深入和多学科的研究，特别是因为迫切需要创新和可持续的农业技术。DSE作为开发未来“生物投入品”或“生物制剂”的候选物显示出巨大的潜力。

{"title":"Opening the black box of an underexplored and megadiverse group: history, taxonomy and functionality of dark septate endophytes (DSE)","authors":"Jaqueline Aparecida de Oliveira, Olinto Liparini Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are facultative, biotrophic fungi that have a close association with and are restricted to plant roots; typically, with darkly-pigmented hyphae, and which frequently produce microsclerotia within the host tissues. They do not form a single taxonomic category and are distributed across different classes, orders and families of the phylum <em>Ascomycota</em>, representing a highly taxonomically-diverse group. There has been greater emphasis on studying DSE that can resist abiotic stresses and which confer this ability to their host plants such as resistance to high concentrations of salts and heavy metals; conditions of low nutrient availability; and, periods of prolonged drought. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that DSE have the potential to improve the performance of many crops, as evidenced by <em>in vitro</em> studies. The first observations of DSE date back over a century but, only recently, have studies focused exclusively on understanding this unique group of fungi, especially their taxonomy and functionality. This review provides a detailed history of DSE and highlights the many challenges posed by studying them. We also aim to encourage more in-depth and multidisciplinary research on DSE, particularly due to the urgent need for innovative and sustainable technologies in agriculture. DSE have shown great potential as candidates for developing future ‘bioinputs’ or ‘biologicals’.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Involvement of mitochondrial respiratory chains in virulence factors of Candida albicans 线粒体呼吸链在白色念珠菌毒力因子中的作用

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY

Fungal Biology Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100448

Rabeay Y.A. Hassan , Mohamed Medhat Ali , Shuna Cui , Ursula Bilitewski

Candida albicans has the potential to cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients, leading to infections that can vary from superficial to systemic. The emergence of antifungal multi-drug resistance presents a significant challenge in the treatment of these microbial diseases. Thus, there is a shift towards the discovery of novel, species-specific antimicrobial agents and the identification of new drug targets. A promising direction in this field is the development of anti-virulence platforms. Unlike traditional antibiotics, these compounds do not directly target the viability of pathogens but are designed to inhibit their pathogenicity, thereby reducing their infectious disease progression.

Microbial respiratory chains, such as those found in C. albicans, play a pivotal role in essential cellular processes, including oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic metabolism, and the expression of virulence factors. The significance of mitochondrial respiration in the pathogenicity of C. albicans is underscored by its impact on morphological changes, biofilm formation, cell wall composition, and the abilities to adhere to and invade host cells.

Given the central role of the respiratory chain in the virulence of C. albicans, it represents an attractive target for the development of new anti-virulence systems. Thus, this review highlights the involvement of C. albicans' respiratory chains in its virulence factors, offering insights into potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.

白色念珠菌有可能在免疫功能低下的患者中引起机会性感染，导致从表面到全身的感染。抗真菌多重耐药性的出现对这些微生物疾病的治疗提出了重大挑战。因此，有一个转向发现新的，物种特异性抗菌剂和鉴定新的药物靶点。抗毒平台的开发是这一领域的一个有前途的方向。与传统抗生素不同，这些化合物不直接针对病原体的生存能力，而是旨在抑制其致病性，从而减少其传染病的进展。微生物呼吸链，如在白色念珠菌中发现的呼吸链，在必要的细胞过程中起着关键作用，包括氧化磷酸化、有氧代谢和毒力因子的表达。线粒体呼吸在白色念珠菌致病性中的重要意义是通过其对形态变化、生物膜形成、细胞壁组成以及粘附和侵入宿主细胞的能力的影响来强调的。鉴于呼吸链在白色念珠菌毒力中的核心作用，它代表了开发新的抗毒系统的一个有吸引力的目标。因此，本综述强调了白色念珠菌呼吸链参与其毒力因子，为治疗干预的潜在途径提供了见解。

{"title":"Involvement of mitochondrial respiratory chains in virulence factors of Candida albicans","authors":"Rabeay Y.A. Hassan , Mohamed Medhat Ali , Shuna Cui , Ursula Bilitewski","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2025.100448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Candida albicans</em> has the potential to cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients, leading to infections that can vary from superficial to systemic. The emergence of antifungal multi-drug resistance presents a significant challenge in the treatment of these microbial diseases. Thus, there is a shift towards the discovery of novel, species-specific antimicrobial agents and the identification of new drug targets. A promising direction in this field is the development of anti-virulence platforms. Unlike traditional antibiotics, these compounds do not directly target the viability of pathogens but are designed to inhibit their pathogenicity, thereby reducing their infectious disease progression.</div><div>Microbial respiratory chains, such as those found in <em>C. albicans</em>, play a pivotal role in essential cellular processes, including oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic metabolism, and the expression of virulence factors. The significance of mitochondrial respiration in the pathogenicity of <em>C. albicans</em> is underscored by its impact on morphological changes, biofilm formation, cell wall composition, and the abilities to adhere to and invade host cells.</div><div>Given the central role of the respiratory chain in the virulence of <em>C. albicans</em>, it represents an attractive target for the development of new anti-virulence systems. Thus, this review highlights the involvement of <em>C. albicans</em>' respiratory chains in its virulence factors, offering insights into potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Fungal Biology Reviews

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀