The literature in the field of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is developing in Türkiye as well as over the world. However, theses and papers written in Turkish are waiting to be disseminated. This paper aims to investigate LSS in the Turkish context with the purpose of identifying the current state, gaining insight and exploring future directions. This paper implements the systematic literature review methodology to identify and review all relevant studies in Turkish literature. This paper covers the literature on LSS in Türkiye from 2004 to 2021. As a result, a total of 32 theses and 29 papers were investigated in detail. This paper not only focuses on years, sectors, areas etc. of the studies, but also analyses the contents of papers in relation to enterprise size, project prioritization, and quality tools used in DMAIC phases, and improvements after implementation in terms of descriptive and content analysis. The results show that, although there are many LSS implementations in Turkish context, they could not be shared with global academic area due to the national language usage. LSS implementations have an increasing trend in last years and highly focused on manufacturing sector and large companies. The lack of structured way of applying LSS, especially not using project prioritization and selection methodology takes attention. This paper shows the gaps and future directions in Türkiye for researchers and provides a groundwork to develop a roadmap for Turkish organizations.
{"title":"Lean Six Sigma Studies in Türkiye: A Literature Review","authors":"Nurcan Deniz, İlknur Tükenmez","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1176313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1176313","url":null,"abstract":"The literature in the field of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is developing in Türkiye as well as over the world. However, theses and papers written in Turkish are waiting to be disseminated. This paper aims to investigate LSS in the Turkish context with the purpose of identifying the current state, gaining insight and exploring future directions. This paper implements the systematic literature review methodology to identify and review all relevant studies in Turkish literature. This paper covers the literature on LSS in Türkiye from 2004 to 2021. As a result, a total of 32 theses and 29 papers were investigated in detail. This paper not only focuses on years, sectors, areas etc. of the studies, but also analyses the contents of papers in relation to enterprise size, project prioritization, and quality tools used in DMAIC phases, and improvements after implementation in terms of descriptive and content analysis. The results show that, although there are many LSS implementations in Turkish context, they could not be shared with global academic area due to the national language usage. LSS implementations have an increasing trend in last years and highly focused on manufacturing sector and large companies. The lack of structured way of applying LSS, especially not using project prioritization and selection methodology takes attention. This paper shows the gaps and future directions in Türkiye for researchers and provides a groundwork to develop a roadmap for Turkish organizations.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139308405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammet Topuz, M. Keskin, Murat Karabulut, Nurgül KARLIOĞLU KILIÇ
Lake sediments offer valuable information about the geographical, climatic and environmental changes. This work examined the chemical elements of eleven sediment samples from the old bottom (0-5m; 0.5m increments) of the dried Lake Gavur in Türkiye by applying XRF along with PCA and PLSR data analyses. The highest but negative correlations were observed for Sr (-0.89), S+SO3 (-0.74) and Zr+ZrO2 (-0.61) with sampling depths meaning that their concentrations were lower in deeper locations (4.0-5.0 m). In contrast, Ti+TiO2 (0.60), Al+Al2O3 (0.53) and Cu+CuO (0.51) had high and positive correlations and their quantities increased as the depth increased. The age of two samples was determined as 4752±33 BP years (2.5 m) and 5470±35 BP (5.0 m). Ca+CaO content was found as lower and Ti+TiO was higher in the deeper sediment (5.0 m) indicating rainy periods. PCA clustered the samples into two groups as deeper samples (4.0-5.0 m) and other samples (0.0-3.5m) while PLSR grouped them into three clusters as deeper (4.0-5.0 m), medium-depth (1.5-3.5 m) and shallower (0.0-1.0m) samples. PLSR model had a good performance to estimate the sampling depth from the chemical elements (R2cal=0.95; R2val=0.67) which means that the variations of the chemicals were highly dependent on the sampling depth.
{"title":"An Investigation of the Chemical Composition of Bottom Sediments from Dried Lake Gavur of Türkiye by Using XRF and Multivariate Data Analysis","authors":"Muhammet Topuz, M. Keskin, Murat Karabulut, Nurgül KARLIOĞLU KILIÇ","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1240178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1240178","url":null,"abstract":"Lake sediments offer valuable information about the geographical, climatic and environmental changes. This work examined the chemical elements of eleven sediment samples from the old bottom (0-5m; 0.5m increments) of the dried Lake Gavur in Türkiye by applying XRF along with PCA and PLSR data analyses. The highest but negative correlations were observed for Sr (-0.89), S+SO3 (-0.74) and Zr+ZrO2 (-0.61) with sampling depths meaning that their concentrations were lower in deeper locations (4.0-5.0 m). In contrast, Ti+TiO2 (0.60), Al+Al2O3 (0.53) and Cu+CuO (0.51) had high and positive correlations and their quantities increased as the depth increased. The age of two samples was determined as 4752±33 BP years (2.5 m) and 5470±35 BP (5.0 m). Ca+CaO content was found as lower and Ti+TiO was higher in the deeper sediment (5.0 m) indicating rainy periods. PCA clustered the samples into two groups as deeper samples (4.0-5.0 m) and other samples (0.0-3.5m) while PLSR grouped them into three clusters as deeper (4.0-5.0 m), medium-depth (1.5-3.5 m) and shallower (0.0-1.0m) samples. PLSR model had a good performance to estimate the sampling depth from the chemical elements (R2cal=0.95; R2val=0.67) which means that the variations of the chemicals were highly dependent on the sampling depth.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adeola Ibi̇kunle, T. Osobami̇ro, Najeem Babari̇nde, Feyisara Adaramola
The batch adsorptive sequestration of methylene blue from an aqueous solution using unripe Roystonea regia fruit pericarp biomass was investigated in this study. The characteristic nature of the biosorbent was studied using various analytical instruments including Fourier Transform Infra-red spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffractometer, and the Brunauer-Emmett Teller. The adsorption study was perfomed at different experimental conditions including pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, temperature, agitation speed, and biosobent dose. From the results of this study, the optimum biosorption of MB was achieved at 120 min contact time, pH 10, room temperature (298 K), 150 rpm agitation speed and dosage of 100 mg/150 mL dye solution. With 132.30 mgg-1 maximum sorption capacity, the Langmuir isotherm best describes the biosorption equilibrium data. At all initial concentrations, the biosorption kinetics of methylene blue onto the biosorbent fitted best to the pseudo-second order kinetics model, with R2 values ≥ 0.999 and qcal being similar to the qexp. The kinetics study also showed the involvement of intra-particle diffusion in the rate-determining step; although not as the sole limiting step of the sorption process. The results of the thermodynamics study showed the high feasibility, spontaneity, and exothermic nature of the biosorption of methylene blue onto the biosorbent. This study concludes that Roystnea regia fruit pericarp would make an economically viable and renewable biosorbent for practical eco-friendly sequestration of MB dye from wastewaters.
{"title":"Adsorptive Sequestration of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution Using Novel Roystonea regia fruit Pericarp: Isotherm, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics","authors":"Adeola Ibi̇kunle, T. Osobami̇ro, Najeem Babari̇nde, Feyisara Adaramola","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1218734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1218734","url":null,"abstract":"The batch adsorptive sequestration of methylene blue from an aqueous solution using unripe Roystonea regia fruit pericarp biomass was investigated in this study. The characteristic nature of the biosorbent was studied using various analytical instruments including Fourier Transform Infra-red spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffractometer, and the Brunauer-Emmett Teller. The adsorption study was perfomed at different experimental conditions including pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, temperature, agitation speed, and biosobent dose. From the results of this study, the optimum biosorption of MB was achieved at 120 min contact time, pH 10, room temperature (298 K), 150 rpm agitation speed and dosage of 100 mg/150 mL dye solution. With 132.30 mgg-1 maximum sorption capacity, the Langmuir isotherm best describes the biosorption equilibrium data. At all initial concentrations, the biosorption kinetics of methylene blue onto the biosorbent fitted best to the pseudo-second order kinetics model, with R2 values ≥ 0.999 and qcal being similar to the qexp. The kinetics study also showed the involvement of intra-particle diffusion in the rate-determining step; although not as the sole limiting step of the sorption process. The results of the thermodynamics study showed the high feasibility, spontaneity, and exothermic nature of the biosorption of methylene blue onto the biosorbent. This study concludes that Roystnea regia fruit pericarp would make an economically viable and renewable biosorbent for practical eco-friendly sequestration of MB dye from wastewaters.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study presents electromagnetic scattering by arbitrarily located double strips with perfect electric and/or magnetic conducting surfaces. The study generalizes not only the physical dimension, location, and orientation of the strips but also, the boundary conditions on each strip are generalized and variable. It can be Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. Since the study considers numerous parameters as the variable, the comparison between the present study and the literature is investigated in detail. Geometries such as parallelly located double strips with fractional boundary conditions, impedance double strips, and wedge problems are considered to compare. Besides, the proposed methodology is compared by the method of moments, the method of auxiliary sources, and the orthogonal polynomials approach. The suggested research investigates the electromagnetic scattering by finite wedge and arbitrarily located two strips with different boundary conditions and widths for the first time since each strip can have different widths and boundary conditions (Dirichlet or Neumann). The results reveal that the angle between the strips, the rotation of the strips, width of the strip have noticeable effects on the scattered field and total radar cross-sections. Between the strips, resonances are observed and their characteristics have a substantial dependency on the boundary conditions.
{"title":"Electromagnetic Scattering by Arbitrarily Located Electric and/or Magnetic Conducting Double-Strip","authors":"K. Karaçuha, Vasil Tabatadze","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1348483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1348483","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents electromagnetic scattering by arbitrarily located double strips with perfect electric and/or magnetic conducting surfaces. The study generalizes not only the physical dimension, location, and orientation of the strips but also, the boundary conditions on each strip are generalized and variable. It can be Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. Since the study considers numerous parameters as the variable, the comparison between the present study and the literature is investigated in detail. Geometries such as parallelly located double strips with fractional boundary conditions, impedance double strips, and wedge problems are considered to compare. Besides, the proposed methodology is compared by the method of moments, the method of auxiliary sources, and the orthogonal polynomials approach. The suggested research investigates the electromagnetic scattering by finite wedge and arbitrarily located two strips with different boundary conditions and widths for the first time since each strip can have different widths and boundary conditions (Dirichlet or Neumann). The results reveal that the angle between the strips, the rotation of the strips, width of the strip have noticeable effects on the scattered field and total radar cross-sections. Between the strips, resonances are observed and their characteristics have a substantial dependency on the boundary conditions.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewable energy systems are mostly used in the world due to their inexhaustible and non-polluting production. As a result of a large utilization of these energy sources in different areas, the electricity production rate is increasing every day. Previous studies clarified uses, modeling, configuration, energy management operation, and optimization objectives based on different energy sources. For this reason, this paper focuses on an overview of multi energy systems as renewable and conventional power sources with the integration of an energy storage system coupled to the on-off electrical network. Furthermore, a survey is done regarding global energy production, configuration energy systems, energy storage systems, power management strategies, and optimization methods based on different hybrid energy systems. Multiple optimization approaches have been implemented to reach the global best solution for the hybrid power systems. To ensure the best optimization result, it is preferable to take hybrid optimization methods into consideration. These methods have been invented recently and have proved their efficacy and performance mainly in power systems.
{"title":"Overview: Using Hybrid Energy System for Electricity Production Based on the Optimization Methods","authors":"Samia Sai̇b, Ramazan Bayindir, S. Vadi","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1328300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1328300","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy systems are mostly used in the world due to their inexhaustible and non-polluting production. As a result of a large utilization of these energy sources in different areas, the electricity production rate is increasing every day. Previous studies clarified uses, modeling, configuration, energy management operation, and optimization objectives based on different energy sources. For this reason, this paper focuses on an overview of multi energy systems as renewable and conventional power sources with the integration of an energy storage system coupled to the on-off electrical network. Furthermore, a survey is done regarding global energy production, configuration energy systems, energy storage systems, power management strategies, and optimization methods based on different hybrid energy systems. Multiple optimization approaches have been implemented to reach the global best solution for the hybrid power systems. To ensure the best optimization result, it is preferable to take hybrid optimization methods into consideration. These methods have been invented recently and have proved their efficacy and performance mainly in power systems.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reflective polarization conversions with a simplistic design of an ultrathin, single-layered, and multi-functional anisotropic metasurface as a polarization converter is utilized for Ku- and K-band applications. The designs with two substrate thicknesses (0.095λ0 and 0.069λ0, respectively) are capable of a cross-polarization converter (CPC) and a linear-to-circular (LTC) polarization conversion. The design with 0.095λ0 thickness achieves a CPC between 17.96 and 26.90GHz with the efficiency of more than 90% and a relative bandwidth of 40% under normal incidence. It maintains angular stability by altering the oblique incidence angles up to 300 with greater than 80% of the PCR in the K-band. Meanwhile, an LTC in two frequency bands, 10.30-10.53GHz and 28.65-29.70GHz, is also numerically demonstrated. The second design with 0.069 λ0 thickness provides a CPC above the PCR value of 87% in the frequency range from 10.46-23.05GHz (covering the entire Ku- and part of the K-band) with angular stability of 40 above the PCR value of 80%. In the meantime, an LTC with relative bandwidth of 75% in the frequency range from 9.53-9.79&24.74-25.27GHz is numerically revealed. These polarization converters exhibit relatively good performances of facile structure and multi-functional properties, which can be useful in Ku- and K-band applications.
利用超薄、单层和多功能各向异性元表面作为极化转换器的反射极化转换简易设计，用于 Ku 波段和 K 波段应用。两种衬底厚度（分别为 0.095λ0 和 0.069λ0）的设计能够实现交叉偏振转换器（CPC）和线性到圆形偏振转换器（LTC）。厚度为 0.095λ0 的设计可在 17.96 和 26.90GHz 之间实现 CPC，效率超过 90%，正常入射条件下的相对带宽为 40%。通过改变斜入射角，它能保持角度稳定性，最高可达 300 度，在 K 波段的 PCR 超过 80%。同时，还对 10.30-10.53GHz 和 28.65-29.70GHz 两个频段的 LTC 进行了数值演示。厚度为 0.069 λ0 的第二种设计在 10.46-23.05GHz 频率范围内（覆盖整个 Ku 波段和部分 K 波段）的 CPC 高于 PCR 值 87%，角度稳定性为 40，高于 PCR 值 80%。同时，在 9.53-9.79 和 24.74-25.27GHz 频率范围内，数值显示出相对带宽为 75% 的 LTC。这些偏振转换器具有结构简单、功能多样等良好性能，可用于 Ku 波段和 K 波段应用。
{"title":"Reflective Polarization Conversion with Multi-Functional, Ultrathin Metasurface for Ku- and K-Band Applications","authors":"Ahmet Teber","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1232730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1232730","url":null,"abstract":"Reflective polarization conversions with a simplistic design of an ultrathin, single-layered, and multi-functional anisotropic metasurface as a polarization converter is utilized for Ku- and K-band applications. The designs with two substrate thicknesses (0.095λ0 and 0.069λ0, respectively) are capable of a cross-polarization converter (CPC) and a linear-to-circular (LTC) polarization conversion. The design with 0.095λ0 thickness achieves a CPC between 17.96 and 26.90GHz with the efficiency of more than 90% and a relative bandwidth of 40% under normal incidence. It maintains angular stability by altering the oblique incidence angles up to 300 with greater than 80% of the PCR in the K-band. Meanwhile, an LTC in two frequency bands, 10.30-10.53GHz and 28.65-29.70GHz, is also numerically demonstrated. The second design with 0.069 λ0 thickness provides a CPC above the PCR value of 87% in the frequency range from 10.46-23.05GHz (covering the entire Ku- and part of the K-band) with angular stability of 40 above the PCR value of 80%. In the meantime, an LTC with relative bandwidth of 75% in the frequency range from 9.53-9.79&24.74-25.27GHz is numerically revealed. These polarization converters exhibit relatively good performances of facile structure and multi-functional properties, which can be useful in Ku- and K-band applications.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In permanent magnet synchronous motor drives, d-q current errors are examined using hysteresis controllers. The inverter is switched based on the hysteresis controller responses, to limit current errors, and thereby reducing current ripple. But, due to the faster current dynamic characteristics, switching the current errors within the hysteresis band becomes difficult. This results in d-q current ripples and harmonics. In this paper, two current error-limiting schemes are proposed. In the first scheme, current errors are switched within the band using additional control parameters (dynamic response of q-axis current), to select the control space vector from a switching table. Whereas in the second scheme, a duty ratio regulator is designed to achieve minimum q-axis current error. The proposed works are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and verified through experimentation. Since the current ripple and harmonics are also reduced, the thermal impact of these performance pa-rameters on the power inverter is also studied.
{"title":"New Steady State Current Error Limiters for PMSM Drives","authors":"Hemantha Kumar Ravi, Lenın N C","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1253423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1253423","url":null,"abstract":"In permanent magnet synchronous motor drives, d-q current errors are examined using hysteresis controllers. The inverter is switched based on the hysteresis controller responses, to limit current errors, and thereby reducing current ripple. But, due to the faster current dynamic characteristics, switching the current errors within the hysteresis band becomes difficult. This results in d-q current ripples and harmonics. In this paper, two current error-limiting schemes are proposed. In the first scheme, current errors are switched within the band using additional control parameters (dynamic response of q-axis current), to select the control space vector from a switching table. Whereas in the second scheme, a duty ratio regulator is designed to achieve minimum q-axis current error. The proposed works are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and verified through experimentation. Since the current ripple and harmonics are also reduced, the thermal impact of these performance pa-rameters on the power inverter is also studied.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gender recognition based on the hand image is used in computer vision for human-computer communication, hand-based authentication, and identification systems. Beside this, gender recognition may be applied for criminal investigations, visual surveillance, and other legal purposes. The traditional manual methods require a lot of time and are susceptible to variable fluctuations. However, for low amounts of data, the deep-learning models are going to be overfitted. In this regard, this work proposes a shallow convolutional neural network (CNN) with a regularization method. Here, different gender recognition models are built to detect the gender individually from dorsal and palmar hand images. For that, the 11K hand dataset is divided into four labels, i.e., men dorsal side, women dorsal side, men palm side, and women palm side. These data have been pre-processed by resizing and scaling. Furthermore, a model is developed for recognizing gender from the real time data. According to the experimental results, the model developed for the dorsal hand images outperforms the other proposed models and the current state-of-the-art.
{"title":"Shallow Convolutional Neural Network for Gender Classification Based on Hand","authors":"Md. KHALİLUZZAMAN","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1246486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1246486","url":null,"abstract":"Gender recognition based on the hand image is used in computer vision for human-computer communication, hand-based authentication, and identification systems. Beside this, gender recognition may be applied for criminal investigations, visual surveillance, and other legal purposes. The traditional manual methods require a lot of time and are susceptible to variable fluctuations. However, for low amounts of data, the deep-learning models are going to be overfitted. In this regard, this work proposes a shallow convolutional neural network (CNN) with a regularization method. Here, different gender recognition models are built to detect the gender individually from dorsal and palmar hand images. For that, the 11K hand dataset is divided into four labels, i.e., men dorsal side, women dorsal side, men palm side, and women palm side. These data have been pre-processed by resizing and scaling. Furthermore, a model is developed for recognizing gender from the real time data. According to the experimental results, the model developed for the dorsal hand images outperforms the other proposed models and the current state-of-the-art.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, convergences of a filter and a net have been characterized through ideal on topological spaces. Furthermore, we characterized the local function in an ideal topological space in terms of convergence of filter. Using Zorn's Lemma, we have found a maximal element in the collection of all proper ideals on a nonempty set which is called maximal ideal. We provide a convenient characterization of maximal ideals. We also consider simple properties of the image of an ideal, a net, and various local functions under a homeomorphism.
{"title":"Characterizations of Filter Convergent in Terms of Ideal","authors":"Shyamapada MODAK, Kulchhum KHATUN, Jiarul HOQUE","doi":"10.35378/gujs.967261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.967261","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, convergences of a filter and a net have been characterized through ideal on topological spaces. Furthermore, we characterized the local function in an ideal topological space in terms of convergence of filter. Using Zorn's Lemma, we have found a maximal element in the collection of all proper ideals on a nonempty set which is called maximal ideal. We provide a convenient characterization of maximal ideals. We also consider simple properties of the image of an ideal, a net, and various local functions under a homeomorphism.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to develop a controlled Fluconazole and Naproxen releasing system for cartilage repair. A series of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) type of hydrogels were prepared by using 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and gelatin in different ratios. The hydrogels were synthesized by using ammonium persulfate (APS) and sodium metabisulfite (SBS) as initiator pair and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as cross linkers. The prepared hydrogels were characterized via hydrogel formation and swelling/degradation measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. From swelling tests, it is observed that semi-IPN hydrogels swell much more than full-IPNs which crosslinked by two agents, EGDMA and GA. The higher ratios of HEMA/gelatin negatively affect swelling values. In general, the IPN hydrogel discs were not affected by the variation of temperature. The release studies of Fluconazole and Naproxen were performed at 37 ⁰C and it is found that the swelling and release profiles were similar to each other. The releases of drugs increase rapidly at first and then complies nearly 36 h-48 h. Because of the looser and porous structure, semi-IPN hydrogels have higher release values than full-IPNs.
{"title":"Development of a Controlled Released System Based on IPN Types Hydrogel for Cartilage Repair","authors":"Evrim SEVER, Mehlika PULAT","doi":"10.35378/gujs.1295326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1295326","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to develop a controlled Fluconazole and Naproxen releasing system for cartilage repair. A series of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) type of hydrogels were prepared by using 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and gelatin in different ratios. The hydrogels were synthesized by using ammonium persulfate (APS) and sodium metabisulfite (SBS) as initiator pair and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as cross linkers. The prepared hydrogels were characterized via hydrogel formation and swelling/degradation measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. From swelling tests, it is observed that semi-IPN hydrogels swell much more than full-IPNs which crosslinked by two agents, EGDMA and GA. The higher ratios of HEMA/gelatin negatively affect swelling values. In general, the IPN hydrogel discs were not affected by the variation of temperature. The release studies of Fluconazole and Naproxen were performed at 37 ⁰C and it is found that the swelling and release profiles were similar to each other. The releases of drugs increase rapidly at first and then complies nearly 36 h-48 h. Because of the looser and porous structure, semi-IPN hydrogels have higher release values than full-IPNs.","PeriodicalId":12615,"journal":{"name":"gazi university journal of science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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