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Nanofiltration Ceramic Membranes as a Feasible Two-Pronged Approach toward Desalination and Lithium Recovery 纳米过滤陶瓷膜是海水淡化和锂回收的双管齐下的可行方法
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300151
Chin Ho Kirk, Chiang Yon Douglas Chong, Xingyang Wang, Jianguo Sun, Qi Zhao, John Wang

Ceramic membranes are taking center stage for separation technologies in water treatment. Among them, ceramic nanofiltration membranes are at the forefront of membrane technologies. The desalination of seawater using ceramic nanofiltration membranes is a potential application toward increasing the global water supply and tackling water scarcity. However, while the high fabrication cost poses a challenge to their large-scale applications, high-value separation applications can help to offset the overall cost. In this regard, ceramic nanofiltration membranes can also be explored as a viable option for high-value lithium extraction from the waste seawater brine. In order to determine the potential of nanofiltration ceramic membranes for desalination and lithium recovery from seawater, the current efficiency of salt rejection across various operation parameters must be thoroughly evaluated. Specifically, the interactions between the Donnan exclusion, steric exclusion, zeta potential, and salt concentration play an important role in determining the salt rejection efficiency. Several strategies are then proposed to guide ceramic nanofiltration membranes toward potentially practical applications regarding desalination and lithium recovery.

陶瓷膜正在成为水处理分离技术的中心。其中,陶瓷纳滤膜处于膜技术的最前沿。使用陶瓷纳滤膜进行海水淡化是增加全球水供应和解决水资源短缺问题的一个潜在应用。然而,虽然高昂的制造成本对其大规模应用构成了挑战,但高价值分离应用有助于抵消总体成本。在这方面,陶瓷纳滤膜也可作为从废海水盐水中提取高价值锂的可行选择。为了确定纳滤陶瓷膜在海水淡化和锂回收方面的潜力,必须彻底评估当前各种操作参数下的盐排斥效率。具体来说,唐南排斥、立体排斥、ZETA 电位和盐浓度之间的相互作用在决定盐排斥效率方面起着重要作用。随后提出了几种策略,以指导陶瓷纳滤膜在海水淡化和锂回收方面的潜在实际应用。
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引用次数: 0
Thermodynamics, Environmental and Sustainability Impacts of a Turbofan Engine Under Different Design Conditions Considering Variable Needs in the Aviation Industry 考虑到航空业的不同需求,不同设计条件下涡轮风扇发动机的热力学、环境和可持续性影响
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300205
Hakan Aygun, Mohammad Rauf Sheikhi, Hakan Caliskan

In this study, thermodynamic analysis is implemented to the kerosene-fuelled high by-pass turbofan (HBP-TF) engine to assess entropy, exergy, environmental, and sustainability metrics for different design variables such as pressure ratio of high-pressure compressor (HPC-PR) ranging from 7.5 to 8.5 and turbine inlet temperature (TIT) varying from 1400 to 1525 K considering variable needs in the aviation industry. As a novelty, entropic improvement potential (EIP) index for turbomachinery components and specific irreversibility production for the whole engine are calculated. Sustainability-based parameters for different cases are compared with the baseline values of the HBP-TF engine. The combustor has the highest entropy production of 44.4425 kW K−1 at the baseline. The higher TIT increases the entropy production of the combustor by 16.56%, whereas the higher HPC-PR decreases it by 5.83%. The higher TIT and HPC-PR favorably affect the sustainable efficiency factor of the engine, which is observed as 1.5482 at baseline and increases by 4.5% and 0.058% with the increment of TIT and HPC-PR, respectively. The higher TIT and higher HPC-PR results in lowering sustainability of the engine. The specific irreversibility production of the engine decreases by 3.78% and 0.1171% respectively, as TIT and HPC-PR reach the highest point considered in the study.

本研究对以煤油为燃料的高旁通涡轮风扇(HBP-TF)发动机进行了热力学分析,以评估不同设计变量(如高压压气机压力比(HPC-PR)从 7.5 到 8.5 不等、涡轮进口温度(TIT)从 1400 到 1525 K 不等)下的熵、放能、环境和可持续性指标,并考虑到航空业的不同需求。作为一项创新,计算了涡轮机械部件的熵改进潜力(EIP)指数和整个发动机的特定不可逆生产率。将不同情况下基于可持续性的参数与 HBP-TF 发动机的基准值进行了比较。在基准值下,燃烧器的熵产生量最高,为 44.4425 kW K-1。较高的 TIT 会使燃烧器的熵增量增加 16.56%,而较高的 HPC-PR 则会使熵增量减少 5.83%。较高的 TIT 和 HPC-PR 会对发动机的可持续效率系数产生有利影响,基线值为 1.5482,随着 TIT 和 HPC-PR 的增加,可持续效率系数分别增加了 4.5% 和 0.058%。较高的 TIT 和较高的 HPC-PR 会降低发动机的可持续性。当 TIT 和 HPC-PR 达到研究中考虑的最高点时,发动机的特定不可逆产量分别降低了 3.78% 和 0.1171%。
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引用次数: 0
Masthead: (Global Challenges 1/2024) 刊头:(《全球挑战》1/2024)
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202470077
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引用次数: 0
(Global Challenges 1/2024) (全球挑战 1/2024)
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202470075

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引用次数: 0
Advances and Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in Emerging Technologies: A Comprehensive Review 金属有机框架 (MOF) 在新兴技术中的进展与应用:全面回顾
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300244
Dongxiao Li, Anurag Yadav, Hong Zhou, Kaustav Roy, Pounraj Thanasekaran, Chengkuo Lee

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that are the wonder material of the 21st century consist of metal ions/clusters coordinated to organic ligands to form one- or more-dimensional porous structures with unprecedented chemical and structural tunability, exceptional thermal stability, ultrahigh porosity, and a large surface area, making them an ideal candidate for numerous potential applications. In this work, the recent progress in the design and synthetic approaches of MOFs and explore their potential applications in the fields of gas storage and separation, catalysis, magnetism, drug delivery, chemical/biosensing, supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries and self-powered wearable sensors based on piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators are summarized. Lastly, this work identifies present challenges and outlines future opportunities in this field, which can provide valuable references.

金属有机框架(MOFs)是 21 世纪的神奇材料,由金属离子/团簇与有机配体配位形成一维或多维多孔结构,具有前所未有的化学和结构可调性、优异的热稳定性、超高孔隙率和超大比表面积,是众多潜在应用的理想候选材料。本文总结了 MOFs 设计和合成方法的最新进展,并探讨了它们在气体储存和分离、催化、磁性、药物输送、化学/生物传感、超级电容器、充电电池以及基于压电和三电纳米发电机的自供电可穿戴传感器等领域的潜在应用。最后,本研究还指出了这一领域目前面临的挑战,并概述了未来的机遇,从而提供了有价值的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Mitigating Global Challenges: Harnessing Green Synthesized Nanomaterials for Sustainable Crop Production Systems 缓解全球挑战:将绿色合成纳米材料用于可持续作物生产系统
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300187
Niranjana Sundararajan, Heena Shabnam Habeebsheriff, Karthikkumar Dhanabalan, Vo Huu Cong, Ling Shing Wong, Ranjithkumar Rajamani, Bablu Kumar Dhar

Green nanotechnology, an emerging field, offers economic and social benefits while minimizing environmental impact. Nanoparticles, pivotal in medicine, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture, are now sourced from green plants and microorganisms, overcoming limitations of chemically synthesized ones. In agriculture, these green-made nanoparticles find use in fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, and fungicides. Nanofertilizers curtail mineral losses, bolster yields, and foster agricultural progress. Their biological production, preferred for environmental friendliness and high purity, is cost-effective and efficient. Biosensors aid early disease detection, ensuring food security and sustainable farming by reducing excessive pesticide use. This eco-friendly approach harnesses natural phytochemicals to boost crop productivity. This review highlights recent strides in green nanotechnology, showcasing how green-synthesized nanomaterials elevate crop quality, combat plant pathogens, and manage diseases and stress. These advancements pave the way for sustainable crop production systems in the future.

绿色纳米技术是一个新兴领域,在提供经济和社会效益的同时,最大限度地减少了对环境的影响。纳米粒子在医学、制药和农业中举足轻重,现在,纳米粒子来自绿色植物和微生物,克服了化学合成纳米粒子的局限性。在农业领域,这些绿色制造的纳米粒子可用于肥料、杀虫剂、杀虫剂和杀菌剂。纳米肥料可以减少矿物质流失,提高产量,促进农业发展。纳米肥料的生物生产具有环保和高纯度的特点,成本效益高且效率高。生物传感器有助于早期疾病检测,通过减少杀虫剂的过量使用,确保粮食安全和可持续农业。这种生态友好型方法利用天然植物化学物质提高作物产量。本综述重点介绍了绿色纳米技术的最新进展,展示了绿色合成纳米材料如何提高作物质量、抗击植物病原体以及控制疾病和压力。这些进步为未来的可持续作物生产系统铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in Nanohybrid Membranes for Dye Reduction: A Comprehensive Review 用于染料还原的纳米杂化膜的研究进展:全面回顾
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300052
Mahsa Taheri

Separating valuable materials such as dyes from wastewater using membranes and returning them to the production line is a desirable environmental and economical procedure. However, sometimes, besides filtration, adsorption, and separation processes, pollutant destruction also can be suitable using photocatalytic membranes. The art of producing nanohybrid materials in contrast with nanocomposites encompasses nanomaterial synthesis as a new product with different properties from raw materials for nanohybrids versus the composition of nanomaterials for nanocomposites. According to the findings of this research, confirming proper synthesis of nanohybrid is one challenge that can be overcome by different analyses, other researchers' reports, and the theoretical assessment of physical or chemical reactions. The application of organic-inorganic nanomaterials and frameworks is another challenge that is discussed in the present work. According to the findings, Nanohybrid Membranes (NHMs) can achieve 100% decolorization, but cannot eliminate salts and dyes, although the removal efficiency is notable for some salts, especially divalent salts. Hydrophilicity, antifouling properties, flux, pressure, costs, usage frequency, and mechanical, chemical, and thermal stabilities of NHMs should be considered.

利用膜从废水中分离出染料等有价值的物质并将其返回生产线是一种理想的环保和经济程序。然而,有时除了过滤、吸附和分离过程外,还可以使用光催化膜来破坏污染物。与纳米复合材料相比,纳米杂化材料的生产技术包括纳米材料的合成,作为一种新产品,纳米杂化材料的原材料与纳米复合材料的纳米材料组成具有不同的特性。根据这项研究的结果,确认纳米杂化材料的正确合成是一项挑战,可以通过不同的分析、其他研究人员的报告以及物理或化学反应的理论评估来克服。有机-无机纳米材料和框架的应用是本研究讨论的另一个挑战。研究结果表明,纳米杂化膜(NHMs)可以实现 100% 的脱色,但无法消除盐分和染料,不过对某些盐分,尤其是二价盐的去除效率很高。应考虑纳米杂化膜的亲水性、防污性能、通量、压力、成本、使用频率以及机械、化学和热稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Green Coffee Bean Extract Assisted Facile Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Dye Removal Activity 绿咖啡豆提取物辅助简易合成还原石墨烯氧化物及其染料去除活性
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300247
A.B.M. Nazmul Islam, Prianka Saha, Md. Emran Hossain, Md. Ahsan Habib, Kaykobad Md. Rezaul Karim, Md. Mahiuddin

To discharge the colored effluents from industries there needs to be effective and affordable treatment options. Adsorption using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an adsorbent is a prominent one. In this study, green coffee bean extract (GCBE) is utilized as a safe reducing agent for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to synthesize rGO. The formation of rGO is confirmed by a new peak in the UV–vis spectra at 275 nm and a diffraction peak in the XRD patterns at 22°. The effective formation of rGO is further substantiated by a change in the GO peak's properties in the FTIR, EDX, and Raman spectra and a weight loss change in TGA. The SEM and TEM analyses demonstrate the effective production of the nano-sheets of rGO having exfoliated and segregated in a few layers. Furthermore, the obtained rGO exhibited outstanding efficacy in wastewater cleanup, effectively adsorbing MB as a prototype organic dye. The kinetics and isotherm study suggested that the adsorption leads by the chemisorption and monolayer formation on the homogeneous surface of rGO. The maximum adsorption capacity is found to be 89.3 mg g−1. This process offers a fresh opportunity for the economical and safe production of rGO for wastewater treatment.

要排放工业中的有色废水,需要有效且经济实惠的处理方案。以还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)为吸附剂的吸附技术是其中的佼佼者。在这项研究中,绿咖啡豆提取物(GCBE)被用作一种安全的还原剂,用于还原氧化石墨烯(GO)以合成 rGO。在 275 纳米波长的紫外-可见光谱中出现了一个新的峰值,在 22° 的 XRD 图谱中出现了一个衍射峰,这证实了 rGO 的形成。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、电离辐射X光谱(EDX)和拉曼光谱(Raman spectra)中 GO 峰特性的变化以及热重分析(TGA)中重量损失的变化进一步证实了 rGO 的有效形成。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电子显微镜(TEM)分析表明,纳米片状 rGO 已剥离并分离成几层,从而有效地生成了 rGO。此外,所获得的 rGO 在废水净化方面表现出卓越的功效,能有效吸附 MB(一种原型有机染料)。动力学和等温线研究表明,在 rGO 的均匀表面上,吸附是通过化学吸附和单层形成实现的。最大吸附容量为 89.3 mg g-1。该工艺为经济、安全地生产用于废水处理的 rGO 提供了新的机遇。
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引用次数: 0
Conditions for CaCO3 Biomineralization by Trichoderma Reesei with the Perspective of Developing Fungi-Mediated Self-Healing Concrete 从开发真菌介导的自愈合混凝土的角度看毛霉的 CaCO3 生物矿化条件
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300160
Aurélie Van Wylick, Hubert Rahier, Lars De Laet, Eveline Peeters

Concrete, a widely used building material, often suffers from cracks that lead to corrosion and degradation. A promising solution to enhance its durability is the use of fungi as self-healing agents, specifically by harnessing their ability to promote calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation on their cell walls. However, the ideal conditions for CaCO3 precipitation by the filamentous fungal species Trichoderma reesei are still unclear. In this study, the biomineralization properties of T. reesei in liquid media are investigated. Two different calcium sources, calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium lactate are tested, at varying concentrations and in the presence of different nutritional sources that support growth of T. reesei. This study also explores the effects on fungal growth upon adding cement to the medium. Calcium lactate promotes greater fungal biomass production, although less crystals are formed as compared to samples with CaCl2. An increasing calcium concentration positively influences fungal growth and precipitation, but this effect is hindered upon the addition of cement. The highest amounts of biomass and calcium carbonate precipitation are achieved with potato dextrose broth as a nutritional source. By identifying the optimal conditions for CaCO3 precipitation by T. reesei, this study highlights its potential as a self-healing agent in concrete.

混凝土是一种广泛使用的建筑材料,经常出现裂缝,导致腐蚀和退化。利用真菌作为自愈剂,特别是利用真菌促进碳酸钙(CaCO3)在细胞壁上沉淀的能力,是提高混凝土耐久性的一个很有前景的解决方案。然而,丝状真菌毛霉沉淀 CaCO3 的理想条件仍不清楚。本研究调查了灵芝在液体培养基中的生物矿化特性。测试了两种不同的钙源:氯化钙(CaCl2)和乳酸钙,它们的浓度各不相同,并且存在支持雷氏毛霉生长的不同营养源。这项研究还探讨了在培养基中添加水泥对真菌生长的影响。与含有 CaCl2 的样本相比,乳酸钙能促进更多真菌生物量的产生,但形成的晶体较少。钙浓度的增加会对真菌的生长和沉淀产生积极影响,但加入水泥后这种影响会受到阻碍。使用马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤作为营养源时,生物量和碳酸钙沉淀量最高。通过确定雷氏真菌沉淀 CaCO3 的最佳条件,本研究强调了雷氏真菌作为混凝土自愈剂的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Imogolite Nanotubes and Their Permanently Polarized Bifunctional Surfaces for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production 用于光催化制氢的 Imogolite 纳米管及其永久极化双功能表面
IF 4.9 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300255
Erwan Paineau, Gilberto Teobaldi, Pablo Jiménez-Calvo

To date, imogolite nanotubes (INTs) have been primarily used for environmental applications such as dye and pollutant degradation. However, imogolite's well-defined porous structure and distinctive electro-optical properties have prompted interest in the system's potential for energy-relevant chemical reactions. The imogolite structure leads to a permanent intrawall polarization arising from the presence of bifunctional surfaces at the inner and outer tube walls. Density functional theory simulations suggest such bifunctionality to encompass also spatially separated band edges. Altogether, these elements make INTs appealing candidates for facilitating chemical conversion reactions. Despite their potential, the exploitation of imogolite's features for photocatalysis is at its infancy, thence relatively unexplored. This perspective overviews the basic physical-chemical and optoelectronical properties of imogolite nanotubes, emphasizing their role as wide bandgap insulator. Imogolite nanotubes have multifaceted properties that could lead to beneficial outcomes in energy-related applications. This work illustrates two case studies demonstrating a step-forward on photocatalytic hydrogen production achieved through atomic doping or metal co-catalyst. INTs exhibit potential in energy conversion and storage, due to their ability to accommodate functions such as enhancing charge separation and influencing the chemical potentials of interacting species. Yet, tapping into potential for energy-relevant application needs further experimental research, computational, and theoretical analysis.

迄今为止,伊莫高石纳米管(INTs)主要用于染料和污染物降解等环境应用。然而,伊莫高石定义明确的多孔结构和独特的电光特性激发了人们对该系统进行能量相关化学反应潜力的兴趣。由于在管内壁和管外壁存在双官能团表面,因此埃莫沸石结构会导致永久性的管内极化。密度泛函理论模拟表明,这种双功能性还包括空间上分离的带边。总之,这些因素使 INT 成为促进化学转换反应的理想候选材料。尽管具有潜力,但利用imogolite的特性进行光催化的研究还处于起步阶段,因此相对来说还没有被探索。本文概述了伊莫高石纳米管的基本物理化学和光电特性,强调了其作为宽带隙绝缘体的作用。伊莫高石纳米管具有多方面的特性,可在能源相关应用中产生有益的结果。这项工作通过两个案例研究,展示了通过原子掺杂或金属共催化剂实现光催化制氢的进步。INTs 具有增强电荷分离和影响相互作用物种化学势等功能,因此在能量转换和储存方面具有潜力。然而,要挖掘 INT 在能源相关应用方面的潜力,还需要进一步的实验研究、计算和理论分析。
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