This article examines interactional spontaneous humorous remarks (ocurrencias) in Spanish. 680 hours of natural conversational data from a group of Colombian graduate students were collected and transcribed using observational methods from an ethnographic approach. By examining conversational joking among participants, this study provides a detailed description of humorous remarks forms and functions within social interactions in informal contexts. Results show that participants use humorous remarks to both establish their own hierarchical position in the group, as well as regulate their relationships and the interaction itself. Therefore, it is argued that beyond humor, these remarks play a role as discourse markers since they guide the process of meaning and identity construction by the subjects.
{"title":"La producción de significado y la construcción de la identidad social en el uso humorístico del lenguaje","authors":"J. Sánchez-Naranjo","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2019","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines interactional spontaneous humorous remarks (ocurrencias) in Spanish. 680 hours of natural conversational data from a group of Colombian graduate students were collected and transcribed using observational methods from an ethnographic approach. By examining conversational joking among participants, this study provides a detailed description of humorous remarks forms and functions within social interactions in informal contexts. Results show that participants use humorous remarks to both establish their own hierarchical position in the group, as well as regulate their relationships and the interaction itself. Therefore, it is argued that beyond humor, these remarks play a role as discourse markers since they guide the process of meaning and identity construction by the subjects.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115803342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dolores Corbella Alejandro Fajardo: Español y portugués en contacto: préstamos léxicos e interferencias","authors":"Jason P. Doroga","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132710120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study probed the relationship between productive phonotactic repair and speech production, by asking whether the natural variability found in speech, through phonetic reduction, may include apparent illicit sequences requiring repair, even though the target words are licit. Spanish productively repairs word-initial /s/-consonant clusters (#sC) with a prothetic [e] in both production and perception. We asked whether the initial vowel in Spanish #VsC words like espalda ‘back’ is prone to reduction, and whether or not /e/, which matches the default repair vowel, is more susceptible to reduction than other vowels (e.g. in aspirina ‘aspirin’) due to its predictability. We explore these hypotheses in the speech of 11 speakers of Andalusian Spanish who produced #VsC words in isolation. Initial vowels showed lower intensity, greater devoicing, and less modal voicing compared to control #pVs-initial words, and initial /e, i, o/ were occasionally deleted, leading to the occurrence of apparently illicit sequences in actual speech, e.g. espalda produced as [spalda]. However, evidence that the default vowel, [e], was reduced more than other vowels was weak. These results suggest that variation in speech may contribute to the well-known illusory vowel effects, where listeners perceive illicit sequences as though the repair vowel had been present.
摘要本研究通过探究语音中的自然变异性(通过语音还原)是否包括明显的需要修复的非法序列(即使目标词是合法的)，探讨了生产性音致性修复与语音产生之间的关系。西班牙语在发音和感知上都能有效地用假体[e]修复单词开头/s/辅音簇(#sC)。我们的问题是，西班牙语#VsC中的单词espalda(“back”)等开头元音是否容易被略读，以及与默认修复元音相匹配的/e/是否比其他元音(例如在aspirina(“阿司匹林”)中，由于其可预测性，更容易被略读。我们在11个独立产生#VsC单词的安达卢西亚西班牙语使用者的演讲中探索了这些假设。与对照# vs -初始单词相比，初始元音的强度更低，降音更强，情态发声更少，并且初始/e, i, o/偶尔被删除，导致在实际语音中出现明显不合法的序列，例如espalda产生为[spalda]。然而，默认元音[e]比其他元音更弱的证据很弱。这些结果表明，语言的变化可能会导致众所周知的“虚假元音效应”，即听者认为不合法的序列就好像修复元音已经存在一样。
{"title":"I’ve heard that one before: Phonetic reduction in speech production as a possible contributing factor in perceptual illusory vowel effects","authors":"Matthew T. Carlson, Alexander I. McAllister","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study probed the relationship between productive phonotactic repair and speech production, by asking whether the natural variability found in speech, through phonetic reduction, may include apparent illicit sequences requiring repair, even though the target words are licit. Spanish productively repairs word-initial /s/-consonant clusters (#sC) with a prothetic [e] in both production and perception. We asked whether the initial vowel in Spanish #VsC words like espalda ‘back’ is prone to reduction, and whether or not /e/, which matches the default repair vowel, is more susceptible to reduction than other vowels (e.g. in aspirina ‘aspirin’) due to its predictability. We explore these hypotheses in the speech of 11 speakers of Andalusian Spanish who produced #VsC words in isolation. Initial vowels showed lower intensity, greater devoicing, and less modal voicing compared to control #pVs-initial words, and initial /e, i, o/ were occasionally deleted, leading to the occurrence of apparently illicit sequences in actual speech, e.g. espalda produced as [spalda]. However, evidence that the default vowel, [e], was reduced more than other vowels was weak. These results suggest that variation in speech may contribute to the well-known illusory vowel effects, where listeners perceive illicit sequences as though the repair vowel had been present.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134496403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper examines the language ideologies among parents of Mexican family origin from Garden City, Kansas, and considers the ways in which Latinxs from different sociolinguistic generations have responded to an evolving societal context when making decisions about language use within the family. The analysis is based on 24 video-recorded interviews with parents of Mexican family background who reside in Garden City, a rural town in western Kansas where the majority of the population is of Hispanic origin. Drawing from the linguistic anthropological notion of ‘language ideologies’ and the framework of family langauge policy, the study examines (a) the ideologies that the participants express about the value of Spanish and particular varieties of Spanish in Kansas and (b) how they make reference to local language policies and personal beliefs and attitudes when describing their home language policies. The analysis reveals that local language policies and the availability of resources can dramatically influence the ways in which participants’ linguistic policies and practices reflect their ideological positionings. Findings suggest that there is a need to expand resources for emergent bilinguals and multilingual families in the region.
{"title":"Language ideologies, family language policy, and a changing societal context in Kansas","authors":"Rachel Showstack, Drew Colcher","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the language ideologies among parents of Mexican family origin from Garden City, Kansas, and considers the ways in which Latinxs from different sociolinguistic generations have responded to an evolving societal context when making decisions about language use within the family. The analysis is based on 24 video-recorded interviews with parents of Mexican family background who reside in Garden City, a rural town in western Kansas where the majority of the population is of Hispanic origin. Drawing from the linguistic anthropological notion of ‘language ideologies’ and the framework of family langauge policy, the study examines (a) the ideologies that the participants express about the value of Spanish and particular varieties of Spanish in Kansas and (b) how they make reference to local language policies and personal beliefs and attitudes when describing their home language policies. The analysis reveals that local language policies and the availability of resources can dramatically influence the ways in which participants’ linguistic policies and practices reflect their ideological positionings. Findings suggest that there is a need to expand resources for emergent bilinguals and multilingual families in the region.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122000671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In many languages, vowel duration is modulated by syllable structure — a phenomenon known as vowel compression — so that vowels are shorter in syllables with more segments than in syllables with fewer segments. Most instrumental evidence to date has reported an effect, in many languages, of the presence (and complexity) of a coda, and some studies have also documented effects of the presence (and complexity) of an onset. However, no prior studies on Spanish vowel duration have captured any effects of syllable structure. Using data from nine speakers and controlled speech materials, the present study addresses the following research question: Does syllable structure modulate vowel duration? The findings are as follows: (a) Relative to simplex onsets (those with a singleton consonant), complex onsets (those with a consonant cluster) trigger vowel compression; and (b) neither simplex nor complex codas consistently drive vowel compression — i.e. codas do not systematically affect vowel duration. Together with the facts for other languages, our findings support a view according to which syllable structure — in particular, onset complexity — modulates acoustic vowel duration. The study discusses the theoretical implications of this finding, which are argued to be in line with some of the principles of the Articulatory Phonology framework or, alternatively, suggest that codas should not be considered part of the articulatory syllable.
{"title":"Duration of syllable nuclei in Spanish","authors":"A. Aldrich, Miquel Simonet","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In many languages, vowel duration is modulated by syllable structure — a phenomenon known as vowel compression — so that vowels are shorter in syllables with more segments than in syllables with fewer segments. Most instrumental evidence to date has reported an effect, in many languages, of the presence (and complexity) of a coda, and some studies have also documented effects of the presence (and complexity) of an onset. However, no prior studies on Spanish vowel duration have captured any effects of syllable structure. Using data from nine speakers and controlled speech materials, the present study addresses the following research question: Does syllable structure modulate vowel duration? The findings are as follows: (a) Relative to simplex onsets (those with a singleton consonant), complex onsets (those with a consonant cluster) trigger vowel compression; and (b) neither simplex nor complex codas consistently drive vowel compression — i.e. codas do not systematically affect vowel duration. Together with the facts for other languages, our findings support a view according to which syllable structure — in particular, onset complexity — modulates acoustic vowel duration. The study discusses the theoretical implications of this finding, which are argued to be in line with some of the principles of the Articulatory Phonology framework or, alternatively, suggest that codas should not be considered part of the articulatory syllable.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130368971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen Este artículo describe el desarrollo histórico de las construcciones lograr/conseguir+inf (p. ej., Pedro ha logrado ganar el premio). Basándonos en el análisis de casi 3000 ocurrencias fechadas entre 1700 y 2005, mostramos que lograr/conseguir+inf han experimentado un proceso de construccionalización, por el cual, desde significados de consecución o logro, adquirieron lecturas modales de capacidad (‘ser capaz de hacer X’) y contraexpectación (‘es difícil que suceda X’). Utilizando la herramienta de la regresión logística, comprobamos que el aspecto y la polaridad oracional fueron de importancia crucial para este proceso debido a la estructura presuposicional del concepto de ‘consecución’. El análisis, además, arroja luz sobre la cuestión de la alternancia entre los auxiliares cuasi sinónimos lograr y conseguir, demostrando (a) que la construccionalización se implementó más para conseguir+inf que para lograr+inf y (b) que la alternancia está en parte gobernada por la variación diatópica y diafásica. Finalmente, discutimos la relación entre la construccionalización y el concepto de perífrasis que se maneja en la gramática hispánica tradicional y proponemos que la construccionalización es un mejor indicador del estatus categorial de las construcciones verbales.
{"title":"De la consecución a la contraexpectación: la construccionalización de lograr/conseguir + infinitivo","authors":"Malte Rosemeyer, Mar Garachana","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Este artículo describe el desarrollo histórico de las construcciones lograr/conseguir+inf (p. ej., Pedro ha logrado ganar el premio). Basándonos en el análisis de casi 3000 ocurrencias fechadas entre 1700 y 2005, mostramos que lograr/conseguir+inf han experimentado un proceso de construccionalización, por el cual, desde significados de consecución o logro, adquirieron lecturas modales de capacidad (‘ser capaz de hacer X’) y contraexpectación (‘es difícil que suceda X’). Utilizando la herramienta de la regresión logística, comprobamos que el aspecto y la polaridad oracional fueron de importancia crucial para este proceso debido a la estructura presuposicional del concepto de ‘consecución’. El análisis, además, arroja luz sobre la cuestión de la alternancia entre los auxiliares cuasi sinónimos lograr y conseguir, demostrando (a) que la construccionalización se implementó más para conseguir+inf que para lograr+inf y (b) que la alternancia está en parte gobernada por la variación diatópica y diafásica. Finalmente, discutimos la relación entre la construccionalización y el concepto de perífrasis que se maneja en la gramática hispánica tradicional y proponemos que la construccionalización es un mejor indicador del estatus categorial de las construcciones verbales.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126887340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sandro Sessarego Fernando Tejedo-Herrero: Spanish Language and Sociolinguistic Analysis","authors":"Ryan M. Bessett","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"842 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120992565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper analyzes Junot Díaz’s most recent works The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2007. The brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. New York: Riverhead) and This is How You Lose Her (2012. This is how you lose her. New York: Riverhead) by using Muysken’s (2000. Bilingual speech. A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge: CUP) typology of code-switching to illustrate the types of language mixing devices present in these two texts. I point out that Díaz’s innovative use of radical bilingualism is not due to the quantity of sentences including Spanish, rather to the quality of mixing and switching in his works. Further, I elaborate on Casielles-Suárez, Eugenia. (2013. Radical code-switching in the Brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 90. 475–487) study using Torres’ (2007. In the contact zone: Code-switching strategies by Latino/a writers. MELUS 32(1). 75–96) categorization of code-switching strategies utilized by U.S. Hispanic authors. I find that instead of Díaz’s texts gratifying the bilingual reader (Torres. 2007. In the contact zone: Code-switching strategies by Latino/a writers. MELUS 32(1). 75–96) or creating radical hybridism (Casielles-Suárez. 2013. Radical code-switching in the Brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 90. 475–487), that these two works illustrate radical bilingualism. In contrast to the majority of U.S. Spanish-English bilingual texts, which incorporate Spanish by using simple insertions, translations, bold font and italics, Díaz creates radically bilingual works by using a variety of Spanish and English varieties, the indirect influence of Spanish in monolingual English sentences, intra-word insertions, a diversity of insertion types and hybrid noun-phrases.
{"title":"Radical bilingualism in Junot Díaz’s texts","authors":"R. Derrick","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper analyzes Junot Díaz’s most recent works The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2007. The brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. New York: Riverhead) and This is How You Lose Her (2012. This is how you lose her. New York: Riverhead) by using Muysken’s (2000. Bilingual speech. A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge: CUP) typology of code-switching to illustrate the types of language mixing devices present in these two texts. I point out that Díaz’s innovative use of radical bilingualism is not due to the quantity of sentences including Spanish, rather to the quality of mixing and switching in his works. Further, I elaborate on Casielles-Suárez, Eugenia. (2013. Radical code-switching in the Brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 90. 475–487) study using Torres’ (2007. In the contact zone: Code-switching strategies by Latino/a writers. MELUS 32(1). 75–96) categorization of code-switching strategies utilized by U.S. Hispanic authors. I find that instead of Díaz’s texts gratifying the bilingual reader (Torres. 2007. In the contact zone: Code-switching strategies by Latino/a writers. MELUS 32(1). 75–96) or creating radical hybridism (Casielles-Suárez. 2013. Radical code-switching in the Brief wondrous life of Oscar Wao. Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 90. 475–487), that these two works illustrate radical bilingualism. In contrast to the majority of U.S. Spanish-English bilingual texts, which incorporate Spanish by using simple insertions, translations, bold font and italics, Díaz creates radically bilingual works by using a variety of Spanish and English varieties, the indirect influence of Spanish in monolingual English sentences, intra-word insertions, a diversity of insertion types and hybrid noun-phrases.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134376040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study examines a pair of constructions in Portuguese, the transitive construction and its paraphrase equivalent involving reflexive verbs with prepositional phrase complements. Each pattern’s thematic cores and semantic properties will be described, with the underlying assumption that the pair represents a verb alternation. The two Portuguese patterns will be held up as a case in favor of preserving alternations in cognitive models of grammar. First, it will be argued that whatever irregularities they may exhibit are only apparent and do not pose a challenge to the notion of alternations. Second, some important intuitions regarding the use of a verb in related constructions are only possible when the constructions are considered together.
{"title":"Alternations should resurface next to surface generalizations: The reflexive-prepositional alternation in Portuguese","authors":"Konrad Szcześniak","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines a pair of constructions in Portuguese, the transitive construction and its paraphrase equivalent involving reflexive verbs with prepositional phrase complements. Each pattern’s thematic cores and semantic properties will be described, with the underlying assumption that the pair represents a verb alternation. The two Portuguese patterns will be held up as a case in favor of preserving alternations in cognitive models of grammar. First, it will be argued that whatever irregularities they may exhibit are only apparent and do not pose a challenge to the notion of alternations. Second, some important intuitions regarding the use of a verb in related constructions are only possible when the constructions are considered together.","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116423932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"C. Elizabeth Goodin-Mayeda: Nasals and nasalization in Spanish and Portuguese","authors":"Míriam Rodríguez-Guerra","doi":"10.1515/shll-2019-2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126470,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132147108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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