Fungal biology最新文献_第4页

MAPK pathway components AoSho1 and AoOpy2 regulate growth, sporulation, osmoregulation, and pathogenicity in Arthrobotrys oligospora MAPK通路组分AoSho1和AoOpy2调节少孢节虫的生长、产孢、渗透调节和致病性

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101683

Xiaoli Li, Lirong Zhu, Guiqiu Luo, Haitao Chen, Huan Luo, Si Chen, Jinkui Yang

Arthrobotrys oligospora, a widely distributed nematode-trapping fungus, utilises adhesive mycelial nets (traps) to capture nematodes. As key components of the MAPK cascade, Sho1 and Opy2 are critical in the fungal stress response. This study examined the roles of homologous Sho1 (AoSho1) and Opy2 (AoOpy2) through gene knockout, phenotypic analysis, and multi-omics approaches. The results revealed that knockout of Aosho1 and Aoopy2 led to reduced mycelial growth, a significant decrease in spore production, trap formation, and nematode predation capacity. Furthermore, deletion of Aosho1 and Aoopy2 increased autophagic activity and heightened sensitivity to osmotic stress. Transcriptome analysis indicated that AoOpy2 functions as a multifaceted regulator in fungal growth, development, and environmental adaptation. Metabolomics data also suggested that AoSho1 and AoOpy2 are involved in several metabolic pathways. In conclusion, AoSho1 and AoOpy2 are essential for mycelial growth, osmoregulation, and the pathogenicity of A. oligospora. This study lays the groundwork for understanding the roles and potential mechanisms of the MAPK signalling pathway in the development and pathogenicity of nematode-trapping fungi.

寡孢节肢菌是一种广泛分布的捕获线虫的真菌，它利用黏附的菌丝网（陷阱）捕获线虫。作为MAPK级联的关键组成部分，Sho1和Opy2在真菌的应激反应中起关键作用。本研究通过基因敲除、表型分析和多组学方法研究了同源Sho1 （AoSho1）和Opy2 （AoOpy2）的作用。结果表明，敲除Aosho1和Aoopy2导致菌丝生长减少，孢子产量、陷阱形成和线虫捕食能力显著降低。此外，Aosho1和Aoopy2的缺失增加了自噬活性和对渗透胁迫的敏感性。转录组分析表明，AoOpy2在真菌生长、发育和环境适应中起着多方面的调节作用。代谢组学数据也表明AoSho1和AoOpy2参与了多种代谢途径。综上所述，AoSho1和AoOpy2在寡孢单胞菌菌丝生长、渗透调节和致病性中起重要作用。本研究为了解MAPK信号通路在线虫诱捕真菌发育和致病性中的作用和潜在机制奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Biocontrol potential of Bacillus subtilis Sjb3 against Rosa chinensis and apple diseases 枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3对月季和苹果病害的生防潜力

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101684

Xiyan Lou , ManYu Chen , Ping Li , Yixue Cui , Chunhua Zhu , Dongdong Yu , Muhammad Anwar , Dongli Pei

There are various diseases affecting Rosa chinensis, which significantly impact its ornamental value. This paper examines the inhibitory effect of the strain Bacillus subtilis Sjb3 on different pathogenic fungi and its biocontrol effects on anthracnose and black spot diseases. The plate confrontation method was employed to assess the antifungal activity of B. subtilis Sjb3. The results indicated that the strain exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of seven pathogenic fungi, with an inhibitory rate ranging from 39.34 % to 47.50 %. By observing the mycelia of the seven types of pathogenic fungi that were inhibited by the fungus under an inverted fluorescence microscope, it was discovered that the fungus caused various distortions in the mycelia of these fungi, such as expansion, bending, and folding. With bubble-like structures, uneven thickness, and oval branch formations. In vitro inoculation experiments indicated that B. subtilis Sjb3 could effectively reduce anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the black spot of R. chinensis caused by Alternaria tenuissima, and ring rot disease of apples caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. The stability of the sterile filtrate from B. subtilis Sjb3 was determined using C. gloeosporioides as the test pathogen. The fermentation broth of B. subtilis Sjb3 exhibited strong thermal stability at 80 °C. It maintained good stability within a pH range of 6–9. UV irradiation time remained relatively stable for up to 60 min. It was not sensitive to protease K. Using BG medium as the base, the optimal culture conditions were identified. The results showed that the best inorganic salt was 0.1 % sodium chloride, the ideal nitrogen source was 1 % yeast extract, the preferred carbon source was 0.5 % glucose, and the optimal pH was 7. Thus, B. subtilis Sjb3 demonstrated broad-spectrum antagonism against various plant pathogenic fungi, effectively inhibiting the occurrence of anthracnose in R. chinensis and black spot diseases, along with high stability of antibacterial substances. This study provides a foundation for further applications of B. subtilis Sjb3 as a biocontrol agent.

月季的病害多种多样，严重影响了其观赏价值。研究了枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3对不同病原菌的抑菌作用及其对炭疽病和黑斑病的生物防治效果。采用平板对抗法测定枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3的抑菌活性。结果表明，该菌株对7种病原菌的生长均有抑制作用，抑制率为39.34% ~ 47.50%。倒置荧光显微镜下观察被真菌抑制的7种病原真菌的菌丝，发现真菌使这些真菌的菌丝发生了各种变形，如膨胀、弯曲、折叠等。具有泡状结构，厚度不均匀，椭圆形分支形成。体外接种试验表明，枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3能有效降低炭疽菌引起的炭疽病、黄褐霉引起的中国白蚁黑斑病和苹果果霉霉引起的环腐病。以gloeosporioides为试验病原菌，测定枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3无菌滤液的稳定性。枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3发酵液在80℃时表现出较强的热稳定性。在6 ~ 9的pH范围内保持良好的稳定性。紫外线照射时间相对稳定，可达60分钟。对蛋白酶k不敏感，以BG培养基为基础，确定了最佳培养条件。结果表明：最佳无机盐为0.1%氯化钠，最佳氮源为1%酵母浸膏，最佳碳源为0.5%葡萄糖，最佳pH为7。由此可见，枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3对多种植物病原真菌具有广谱拮抗作用，能有效抑制白杨炭疽病和黑斑病的发生，抗菌物质稳定性高。本研究为枯草芽孢杆菌Sjb3作为生物防治药剂的进一步应用奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

The gene ste11 plays an important role in the mycelial abiotic stress tolerance and fruiting body formation of Flammulina filiformis ste11基因在金针菇菌丝抗非生物胁迫和子实体形成过程中起着重要作用

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101685

Yuan Sun , Yu Chen , Xiaomeng Lyu , Ao Liu , Le Wang , Qingji Wang , Panmeng Wang , Wei Wang

Macrofungi adapt to environmental changes through multiple signaling pathways. The Ste11 protein is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) that functions in multiple signaling pathways, including the pheromone pathway, high osmolarity pathway, and starvation pathway. In Flammulina filiformis, ste11 overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) transformants were constructed. Overexpression of ste11 increased the production of lignin-degrading enzymes (laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase), hemicellulases, and carboxymethyl cellulases, which accelerated mycelial growth. Furthermore, ste11 overexpression increased the accumulation of polysaccharides, flavonoids, and polyphenols, compounds known to stress tolerance. Consistent with this, ste11 overexpression enhanced resistance to salt, heat/cold stress and acid/alkali conditions and promoted fruiting body formation. Conversely, RNAi-mediated knockdown of ste11 resulted in opposite effects on enzyme production, stress tolerance, and fruiting body formation. These results demonstrate a dual role for ste11 in regulating both abiotic stress tolerance and fruiting body development in F. filiformis.

大型真菌通过多种信号通路适应环境变化。Ste11蛋白是一种丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶（MAPKKK），在多种信号通路中起作用，包括信息素途径、高渗透压途径和饥饿途径。在金针菇中构建了ste11过表达和RNA干扰（RNAi）转化子。ste11的过度表达增加了木质素降解酶（漆酶、木质素过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶）、半纤维素酶和羧甲基纤维素酶的产生，从而加速了菌丝的生长。此外，ste11的过表达增加了多糖、黄酮类化合物和多酚类化合物的积累，这些化合物已知具有胁迫耐受性。与此一致的是，ste11过表达增强了对盐、冷热胁迫和酸碱条件的抗性，促进了子实体的形成。相反，rnai介导的ste11敲低对酶的产生、胁迫耐受性和子实体形成产生相反的影响。这些结果表明，钢铁在丝状假丝酵母的非生物胁迫耐受性和子实体发育调控中具有双重作用。

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引用次数: 0

The Cbp1 protein is a peptidorhamnomannan adhesin that contributes to the Sporothrix schenckii virulence Cbp1蛋白是一种多肽甘露聚糖黏附素，有助于申克孢子菌的毒力

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101682

Luisa M. Contreras-López , Uriel Ramírez-Sotelo , Iván Martínez-Duncker , Bernardo Franco , Héctor M. Mora-Montes

Sporothrix schenckii pathogenesis has been extensively studied to date, but several proteins of unknown function remain to be assigned to the infectious process. Previously, proteomic data showed that one protein was highly abundant (SPSK_02764) in cell wall peptidorhamnomannan, but no obvious homologs or sequence features hinted at the activity or function of this protein. In this work, in vitro analysis showed that this protein is highly glycosylated and is an adhesin with specificity for type-I and type-II collagen, renaming this protein as Collagen Binding Protein 1 or Cbp1. Yeast-like cells preincubated with anti-SPSK_02764 antibody reduced the ability to kill Galleria mellonella larvae and to induce immune effectors, suggesting a role for this protein in S. schenckii pathogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that the protein may be a moonlighting protein that is broadly present in Ascomycota and is sequence and structurally conserved. The findings shown here suggest that Cbp1 is another component of the S. schenckii cell wall and participates in host collagen binding, adding a new component to the pathogenesis toolbox of this organism.

迄今为止，人们对申克孢子菌的发病机制进行了广泛的研究，但仍有一些功能未知的蛋白质参与了感染过程。先前的蛋白质组学数据显示，细胞壁肽dorhamnomannan中有一种蛋白（SPSK_02764）非常丰富，但没有明显的同源物或序列特征暗示该蛋白的活性或功能。在这项工作中，体外分析表明该蛋白高度糖基化，是一种特异性针对i型和ii型胶原的粘附素，将该蛋白重命名为胶原结合蛋白1或Cbp1。用抗spsk_02764抗体预孵育的酵母样细胞降低了杀死mellonia幼虫和诱导免疫效应物的能力，提示该蛋白在申克氏菌发病机制中起作用。生物信息学分析表明，该蛋白可能是一种广泛存在于子囊菌门的兼职蛋白，具有序列和结构保守性。本研究结果表明，Cbp1是申氏球菌细胞壁的另一组分，参与宿主胶原结合，为该生物的发病机制工具箱增添了新的组分。

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引用次数: 0

Gene clusters potentially involved in the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae 金龟子绿僵菌毒力的基因群研究

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101681

Mauren Larangeira Ramos , Maria Eduarda Deluca João , Francisco Nunes Mielke, Alexandra de Azevedo da Rocha, Augusto Schrank, Livia Kmetzsch, Charley Christian Staats

Metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus that infects a diversity of arthropods and is considered a model for studies of fungal–insect relationships. The infection process is composed of several steps and involves the production of diverse secondary metabolites (SM). We performed in silico analysis to examine the potential role of M. anisopliae biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which are responsible for the production of SMs), in virulence. We analyzed expression data from various conditions and created co-expression networks to infer how these BGCs might participate in the infection process. A cluster of co-expressed genes was identified with a high correlation during tick infection by M. anisopliae. To get more insights about the participation of such clusters in the infection process, we evaluated the expression of backbone genes from seven BGCs by employing RT-qPCR from RNA isolated from M. anisopliae cultured with the cells of amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii, a model that mimics the interaction of fungal cells with phagocytes from insects. The gene MANI_006155, from the BGC MaNRPS12, showed statistically significant increased expression levels compared to control conditions. These results suggest that the applied protocol can be used to identify BGCs important for the virulence of Metarhizium species.

绿僵菌是一种昆虫病原真菌，感染多种节肢动物，被认为是研究真菌-昆虫关系的模型。感染过程由几个步骤组成，涉及多种次生代谢物（SM）的产生。我们进行了计算机分析，以检查绿僵菌生物合成基因簇（BGCs）在毒力中的潜在作用，BGCs负责产生SMs。我们分析了不同条件下的表达数据，并创建了共表达网络，以推断这些bgc如何参与感染过程。结果表明，在蜱感染金龟子分枝杆菌过程中，有一组共表达基因具有较高的相关性。为了更深入地了解这些细胞群在感染过程中的参与情况，我们利用RT-qPCR方法，对与阿米巴（Acanthamoeba castellanii）细胞培养的金龟子分枝杆菌（m.s anpliae）分离的RNA进行了RT-qPCR，评估了7种BGCs的骨干基因表达。来自BGC MaNRPS12的基因MANI_006155与对照条件相比，表达水平有统计学意义上的显著增加。这些结果表明，应用程序可用于鉴定对绿僵菌种的毒力重要的bgc。

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引用次数: 0

Biocontrol of Leucoagaricus gongylophorus by Trichoderma asperelloides with implications to ant mini-colony survival 曲霉对红白松茸的生物防治及其对蚁群生存的影响

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101680

Tássia Tuane Moreira dos Santos , Gabriel Moura Mascarin , Christopher A. Dunlap , Amanda Abdallah Chaibub , Jaqueline Magalhães Pereira , Leticia de Maria Oliveira Mendes , Danielle Santos Ribeiro , Leila Garcês de Araújo , Paulo Marçal Fernandes

Leaf-cutting ants (LCAs) of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex are major agricultural pests in the Americas, relying on their mutualism with the fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus for colony survival. Mycoparasites such as Trichoderma spp. offer promising biocontrol tools by antagonizing this essential symbiont. This study aimed to identify the most antagonistic isolate of Trichoderma asperelloides, elucidate its mechanisms of action against the fungal garden-symbiont L. gongylophorus, and further evaluate its indirect biocontrol activity on the health and survival of Atta sexdens mini-colonies. Isolates of T. asperelloides namely Tricho 4, Tricho 5, Tricho 7, and Tricho 11 exhibited strong antagonism, reducing L. gongylophorus colony growth by more than 94 % in dual culture assays. Additionally, antibiosis mechanism and volatile compound release by T. asperelloides induced over an 80 % reduction in L. gongylophorus growth. Moreover, exposure to these isolates significantly disrupted ant mini-colonies, leading to mortality rates of up to 60 % and a concurrent reduction in waste production, likely linked to the antagonism effects of T. asperelloides on the garden-symbiont fungus. Overall, these T. asperelloides isolates demonstrate potent antifungal activities against L. gongylophorus and may serve as a sustainable biological strategy for managing LCA colonies.

Impact statement

This work demonstrates T. asperelloides may serve as a potential biological agent for implementation in the integrated management of leaf-cutting ants in the tropics and subtropics.

切叶蚁属（Atta）和切叶蚁属（Acromyrmex）是美洲主要的农业害虫，它们依靠与真菌Leucoagaricus gongylophorus的共生关系来生存。像木霉这样的真菌通过拮抗这种重要的共生体提供了有前途的生物防治工具。本研究旨在鉴定具有最强拮抗作用的曲霉木霉分离物，阐明其对花园共生体弓形真菌的作用机制，并进一步评价其对阿塔蜂小菌落健康和存活的间接生物防治作用。在双培养试验中，曲霉4号菌株、5号菌株、7号菌株和11号菌株表现出较强的拮抗作用，可使弓形真菌菌落生长减少94%以上。此外，曲霉的抗菌机制和挥发性化合物释放诱导弓形真菌生长减少80%以上。此外，暴露于这些分离物显著破坏了蚂蚁的小菌落，导致高达60%的死亡率，同时减少了废物的产生，这可能与曲霉对花园共生真菌的拮抗作用有关。总的来说，这些曲霉菌分离物对弓形真菌具有有效的抗真菌活性，可以作为管理LCA菌落的可持续生物策略。本研究表明，曲霉可以作为一种潜在的生物制剂，在热带和亚热带地区实施对切叶蚁的综合管理。

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引用次数: 0

Ecology of Rozellomycota in aquatic environments with differing redox conditions 不同氧化还原条件下水生环境中罗氏菌的生态学研究

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101670

Katrin Stüer-Patowsky , Luis Javier Galindo , Yvonne Bösch , Christian Wurzbacher

The recently discovered prevalence of Rozellomycota in aquatic ecosystems establishes this poorly understood, holomycotan lineage as a group of critical importance for understanding aquatic ecology and fungal evolution. While gradually more genomes become available, knowledge on the ecology of Rozellomycota is still very scarce. After compiling their occurrences from public databases, we can clearly establish their abundance in aquatic environments, interestingly, with a dominance in carbon-rich sediments. Similarly, the carbon and nutrient rich artificial wastewater environment may serve as an example for a highly reduced environment that is inhabited by a diverse range of Rozellomycota lineages, despite being a prokaryote dominated environment. As the Rozellomycota from anaerobic environments are not monophyletic, the questions arise how the Rozellomycota adapt to differing redox conditions and if their parasitism could also have led to anaerobiosis.

最近在水生生态系统中发现的Rozellomycota的流行建立了这一鲜为人知的全菌系，对理解水生生态和真菌进化具有至关重要的意义。虽然逐渐有更多的基因组可用，但关于罗泽洛菌的生态学知识仍然非常匮乏。在从公共数据库中编译它们的出现后，我们可以清楚地确定它们在水生环境中的丰度，有趣的是，它们在富碳沉积物中占主导地位。同样，碳和营养丰富的人工废水环境可以作为一个高度还原的环境的例子，尽管是一个原核生物为主的环境，但仍有各种各样的罗泽洛菌系居住在这个环境中。由于来自厌氧环境的罗氏菌不是单系的，因此问题出现了，罗氏菌如何适应不同的氧化还原条件，以及它们的寄生是否也可能导致厌氧。

引用次数: 0

Response of pulcherrimin-producing Metschnikowia yeast to different iron sources 产pulcherrimin的metschnikoia酵母对不同铁源的响应

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101679

Vytautas Melvydas , Kęstutis Mažeika , Antanas Matelis , Algimantas Paškevičius , Rasa Garjonytė

Metschnikowia pulcherrima clade yeasts produce pulcherriminic acid, which binds with iron to form pulcherrimin, a red pigment. However, the functions of pulcherriminic acid in yeasts and bacteria that synthesize it remain incompletely understood. To gain deeper understanding of these functions the responses of pulcherriminic acid-secreting Metschnikowia yeast in the presence of various solid iron sources (metallic iron, magnetite, and lepidocrocite) containing iron in different valence states were examined. By applying the classical plate method, the formation of pulcherrimin, was observed both when iron source is in the close contact and at some distance. Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to determine type of iron compounds formed through the interaction of the iron materials and the growth medium and the yeast, electrochemistry was used to test the ability of Metschnikowia cells to reduce iron ions, and microscopy was used to examine the pulcherrimin accumulation sites in cells. The Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed the presence of non-soluble pulcherrimin, intermediate Fe³⁺ compounds and some Fe²⁺ containing substances. Electrochemical measurements suggested the presence of redox active centers, which are able to reduce Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺, in the cell membranes. Microscopy showed that the red pigment mostly accumulated in the chlamydospores. Although inhibition of Metschnikowia yeast growth was observed in the initial phase, pulcherrimin-producing yeast showed good resistance to high concentrations of metals (both iron and copper).

pulcherrima Metschnikowia pulcherrima分支酵母产生pulcherrimin酸，它与铁结合形成pulcherrimin，一种红色色素。然而，pulcherriminic酸在酵母和合成它的细菌中的功能仍然不完全清楚。为了更深入地了解这些功能，研究了分泌pulcherriminic酸的Metschnikowia酵母在含不同价态铁的各种固体铁源（金属铁、磁铁矿和蛭石）存在下的反应。应用经典平板法，观察了铁源在近距离接触和一定距离时，pulcherrimin的形成。Mössbauer光谱法测定了铁材料与生长培养基和酵母相互作用形成的铁化合物类型，电化学法检测了Metschnikowia细胞还原铁离子的能力，显微镜法检测了细胞中pulcherrimin的积累位点。Mössbauer光谱分析结果显示存在不溶性pulcherrimin、中间Fe3+化合物和一些含Fe2+的物质。电化学测量表明，在细胞膜中存在氧化还原活性中心，能够将Fe3+还原为Fe2+。显微镜观察发现，红色素主要积聚在衣孢子中。虽然在初始阶段观察到对Metschnikowia酵母生长的抑制，但产生pulcherriman的酵母对高浓度金属（铁和铜）表现出良好的抗性。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering the regulatory mechanisms of color formation in Naematelia sinensis fruiting bodies through multi-omics approaches 利用多组学方法解读中华栗子实体颜色形成的调控机制

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101667

Yukang Zeng , Zhenhui Shen , Yao Cao , Xiangying Luo , Linlei Yang , Qingqing Lu , Rongchun Li

Naematelia sinensis fruiting bodies, a complex composed of Naematelia sinensis and Stereum hirsutum, exhibit unique characteristics due to the symbiosis of these two fungi and their distinct color features. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the coloration of N. sinensis fruiting bodies and the interactions between the two fungi remain poorly understood. In this study, we integrated transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomic data from three variants of N. sinensis fruiting bodies—white fruiting bodies (control), yellow variant (treatment_1), and yellow fruiting bodies (treatment_2)—to investigate the relationship between the two fungi and color accumulation. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the transcriptomic and metabolomic data showed overlap between control and treatment_1 but a clear separation from treatment_2, indicating the reliability of the data. Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome has unveiled key metabolic pathways associated with pigment accumulation in N. sinensis fruiting bodies. These pathways include the biosynthesis of cofactors, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, as well as the metabolism of tryptophan. In riboflavin metabolism, one gene (NAU27003364) was identified in N. sinensis, while three genes (STEHIDRAFT_95968, STEHIDRAFT_153579, and STEHIDRAFT_86958) were identified in S. hirsutum. The quantification of riboflavin and qRT-PCR results also indicated that most of them exhibited differences. This study represents the first multi-omics investigation into the functional pathways underlying color transformation in the fruiting bodies of N. sinensis, elucidating the regulatory interactions between N. sinensis and S. hirsutum. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms of color transformation and the selective cultivation of fungal strains.

Naematelia sinensis子实体是Naematelia sinensis和Stereum hirsutum组成的复合体，由于这两种真菌的共生关系和不同的颜色特征，其子实体具有独特的特征。然而，关于中华乳霉子实体着色的调控机制以及两种真菌之间的相互作用仍知之甚少。本研究综合了三种不同菌种——白色子实体（对照）、黄色子实体（处理_1）和黄色子实体（处理_2）的转录组学和非靶向代谢组学数据，探讨了这两种真菌与颜色积累的关系。主成分分析（PCA）表明，对照组和处理组的转录组学和代谢组学数据存在重叠，而处理组的转录组学和代谢组学数据存在明显的分离，表明数据的可靠性。通过转录组学和代谢组学的综合分析，揭示了白杨子实体色素积累的关键代谢途径。这些途径包括辅助因子、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成，以及色氨酸的代谢。在核黄素代谢方面，在中华白颡鱼中鉴定到1个基因（NAU27003364），在毛颡鱼中鉴定到3个基因（STEHIDRAFT_95968、STEHIDRAFT_153579和STEHIDRAFT_86958）。核黄素的定量和qRT-PCR结果也表明，它们大部分存在差异。本研究首次采用多组学方法研究了中华白檀子实体颜色转化的功能通路，阐明了中华白檀与毛檀之间的调控相互作用。本研究结果为理解颜色转化的分子机制和真菌菌株的选择性培养提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Observation of novel internal structures within sclerotia of industrial Aspergillus oryzae strains 工业米曲霉菌核内新结构的观察

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Fungal biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101669

Kazunori Sawada , Takuji Yamada

This study explored sclerotia-forming strains from industrial Aspergillus oryzae strains, focusing on factors contributing to sclerotial morphological diversity. Using rice bran medium, ten MAT1-1 industrial strains capable of producing sclerotia were newly identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains in the specific clade are particularly prone to sclerotia formation under the conditions tested. Controlled environmental conditions, including specific CO₂ concentrations and incubation periods, facilitated the development of novel internal structures that have not been previously reported in A. oryzae. Although these internal structures resemble ascocarps found in other Aspergillus species, no evidence related to reproduction was identified. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the roles of these internal structures. The findings of this study provide a foundation for future research into the cryptic sexual reproduction of A. oryzae.

本研究从工业米曲霉菌株中探索了形成菌核的菌株，重点研究了影响菌核形态多样性的因素。以米糠为培养基，新鉴定了10株具有产菌核能力的MAT1-1工业菌株。系统发育分析显示，在测试条件下，特定分支中的菌株特别容易形成菌核。可控的环境条件，包括特定的二氧化碳浓度和孵育期，促进了a.o oryzae中以前未报道的新型内部结构的发展。虽然这些内部结构类似于其他曲霉菌物种的子囊，但没有发现与繁殖有关的证据。需要进一步的研究来阐明这些内部结构的作用。本研究结果为进一步研究稻芽孢杆菌的隐性有性生殖奠定了基础。

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