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2020 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)最新文献

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Parallel GPU Implementation for Fast Generating System Adequacy Assessment via Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation 通过顺序蒙特卡罗模拟快速生成系统充分性评估的并行GPU实现
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183554
Inês M. Alves, Vladimiro Miranda, L. Carvalho
The Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation (SMCS) is a powerful and flexible method commonly used for generating system adequacy assessment. By sampling outage events in sequence and their respective duration, this method can easily incorporate time-dependent issues such as renewable power production, the capacity of hydro units, scheduled maintenance, complex correlated load models, etc, and is the only method that provides probability distributions for the reliability indexes. Despite these advantages, the SMCS method requires considerably more simulation time than the Non-sequential Monte Carlo Simulation approach to provide accurate estimates for the reliability indexes. In an attempt to reduce the simulation time, the SMCS method has been implemented in parallel using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to take advantage of the fast calculations provided by these computing platforms. Two parallelization strategies are proposed: Strategy A, which creates and evaluates yearly samples in a completely parallel approach and while the estimates of the reliability indexes are computed in the CPU; and Strategy B, which consists on concurrently sampling the outage events for the generating units while the state evaluation and the index estimation stages are executed in serial. Simulation results for the IEEE RTS 79, IEEE RTS 96, and the new IEEE RTS GMLC test systems, show that both implementations lead to a significant acceleration of the SMCS method while keeping all its advantages. In addition, it was observed that Strategy B results in less simulation time than Strategy A for generation system adequacy assessment.
序贯蒙特卡罗模拟(SMCS)是一种强大而灵活的系统充分性评估方法。该方法通过对停电事件的顺序和各自的持续时间进行采样,可以很容易地纳入可再生能源发电、水电机组容量、计划维护、复杂的相关负荷模型等时间相关问题,是唯一提供可靠性指标概率分布的方法。尽管有这些优点,SMCS方法比非顺序蒙特卡罗模拟方法需要更多的模拟时间来提供准确的可靠性指标估计。为了减少模拟时间,采用图形处理单元(GPU)并行实现SMCS方法,以利用这些计算平台提供的快速计算。提出了两种并行化策略:策略A以完全并行的方式创建和评估年度样本,同时在CPU中计算可靠性指标的估计;策略B是在连续执行状态评估和索引估计阶段的同时,对发电机组的停电事件进行并发采样。对IEEE RTS 79、IEEE RTS 96和新的IEEE RTS GMLC测试系统的仿真结果表明,这两种实现在保持SMCS方法所有优点的同时,显著地加快了SMCS方法的速度。此外,还观察到策略B在发电系统充分性评估方面比策略A的模拟时间更短。
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引用次数: 0
First Order Non-homogeneous Markov Chain Model for Generation of Wind Speed and Direction Synthetic Time Series 风速与风向合成时间序列生成的一阶非齐次马尔可夫链模型
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183446
V. Di Giorgio, R. Langella, A. Testa, S. Djokic, M. Zou
This paper presents a non-homogeneous Markov Chain (MC) model for generation of wind speed (WS) and wind direction (WD) synthetic time series taking into account their daily, monthly and seasonal characteristics. The bivariate nature of the wind process, represented by WS and WD, is modelled by means of an equivalent univariate random variable W, capable of taking into account the statistical dependency existing between WS and WD. A statistical characterization of the wind energy resource at the specific considered site demonstrates the time non-stationarity of the wind process over the year and over the seasons, so twelve monthly transition probability matrices of the variable W are developed. One thousand synthetic time series, each of three years length, are generated in a Monte Carlo framework, demonstrating the excellent performances and overall robustness of the presented model, also using new non-conventional metrics based on Markov transition matrices.
本文提出了考虑日、月、季节特征的风速和风向合成时间序列生成的非齐次马尔可夫链模型。以WS和WD为代表的风过程的二元性质,通过等效的单变量随机变量W来建模,能够考虑WS和WD之间存在的统计依赖性。在特定考虑的地点风能资源的统计特征显示了风过程在一年和季节中的时间非平稳性,因此开发了变量W的12个月转移概率矩阵。在蒙特卡罗框架中生成了一千个合成时间序列,每个序列的长度为三年,表明了所提出模型的优异性能和整体鲁棒性,并使用了基于马尔可夫转移矩阵的新的非常规指标。
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引用次数: 4
Performance of probabilistic disturbance forecasts in extreme weather on the Icelandic power system 冰岛电力系统极端天气下概率扰动预报的性能
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183655
S. Perkin, Arnbjörg Arnardóttir, K. Sigurjonsson, Þorvaldur Jacobsen
An extreme weather event affected the Icelandic power system on the 10th and 11th of December 2019, causing dozens of disturbances and multiple instances of unserved energy. Landsnet, the Icelandic Transmission System Operator, has been developing disturbance probability forecast models as one means of improving situational awareness. This paper provides an ex-post analysis of these models during the extreme weather event. The disturbance forecasts provided useful information at a regional scale, and showed sensitivity to exogenous data. Opportunities to improve disturbance probability models are identified and regulatory drivers are highlighted.
2019年12月10日和11日,一场极端天气事件影响了冰岛的电力系统,造成数十起骚乱和多起电力中断。冰岛输电系统运营商Landsnet一直在开发干扰概率预测模型,作为提高态势感知能力的一种手段。本文提供了这些模式在极端天气事件中的事后分析。扰动预报在区域尺度上提供了有用的信息,并对外源数据表现出敏感性。确定了改进干扰概率模型的机会,并强调了监管驱动因素。
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引用次数: 1
PMAPS 2020 Cover Page PMAPS 2020封面
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/pmaps47429.2020.9183677
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引用次数: 0
ProbCast: Open-source Production, Evaluation and Visualisation of Probabilistic Forecasts ProbCast:概率预测的开源生产、评估和可视化
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183441
J. Browell, C. Gilbert
Probabilistic forecasts quantify the uncertainty associated with predictions about the future. They are useful in decision-making, and essential when the user’s objective is risk management, or optimisation with asymmetric cost functions. Probabilistic forecasts are widely utilised in finance and weather services, and increasingly by the energy industry, to name a few applications. The R package ProbCast provides a framework for producing probabilistic forecasts using a range of leading predictive models, plus visualisation, and evaluation of the resulting forecasts. It supports both parametric and non-parametric density forecasting, and high-dimensional dependency modelling based on Gaussian Copulas. ProbCast enables a simple workflow for common tasks associated with probabilistic forecasting, making leading methodologies more accessible then ever before. These features are described and then illustrated using an example from energy forecasting, and the first public release of the package itself accompanies this paper.
概率预测量化了与对未来的预测相关的不确定性。当用户的目标是风险管理或非对称成本函数的优化时,它们在决策中是有用的,是必不可少的。概率预测广泛应用于金融和气象服务,并越来越多地应用于能源行业,仅举几个例子。R包ProbCast提供了一个框架,用于使用一系列领先的预测模型,以及对结果预测的可视化和评估来生成概率预测。它支持参数和非参数密度预测,以及基于高斯copula的高维依赖建模。ProbCast为与概率预测相关的常见任务提供了简单的工作流程,使领先的方法比以往任何时候都更容易获得。本文首先描述了这些特征,然后用能源预测中的一个例子进行了说明,并附带了该软件包的首次公开发布。
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引用次数: 7
General Polynomial Chaos vs Crude Monte Carlo for Probabilistic Evaluation of Distribution Systems 分配系统概率评估的一般多项式混沌与粗糙蒙特卡罗
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183453
Arpan Koirala, T. Acker, D. Van Hertem, Juliano Camargo, R. D’hulst
Recent evolutions in low voltage distribution system (LVDS), e.g., distributed generation and electric vehicles, have introduced a higher level of uncertainty. To determine the probability of violating grid constraints, e.g., undervoltage, such system must be assessed using a probabilistic power flow, which considers these uncertainties. Several approaches exist, including simulation-based and analytical methods. A well-known example of the simulation-based methods is the crude Monte Carlo (MC) approach which is very common in scientific computation due to its simplicity. Recently, analytical methods such as the general polynomial chaos (gPC) approach have gained increasing interest. This paper illustrates the effectiveness of the gPC approach compared to the MC method in determining the uncertainty of certain grid measures. Both methods are compared with respect to computational time and accuracy using a small test case with stochastic input which coheres to a univariate continuous distribution.
低压配电系统(LVDS)的最新发展,例如分布式发电和电动汽车,引入了更高水平的不确定性。为了确定违反电网约束(例如欠压)的概率,必须使用考虑这些不确定性的概率潮流来评估此类系统。存在几种方法,包括基于仿真的方法和分析方法。基于仿真的方法的一个众所周知的例子是粗糙的蒙特卡罗(MC)方法,由于其简单性,它在科学计算中非常常见。近年来,广义多项式混沌(gPC)等分析方法得到了越来越多的关注。本文举例说明了gPC方法与MC方法在确定某些网格测度的不确定性方面的有效性。通过一个小的测试用例,比较了两种方法的计算时间和精度,该测试用例具有单变量连续分布的随机输入。
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引用次数: 5
Parameter Estimation for Distribution Grid Reliability Assessment 配电网可靠性评估的参数估计
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183408
Raphael Wu, G. Sansavini
Strengthening distribution grids reliability and resilience against technical and natural hazards is a costly endeavor including equipment upgrades and distributed energy resources. Therefore, using accurate data when assessing grid reliability is key to identify effective solutions. As literature parameters can be inaccurate for specific locations, tuning and validating reliability models against real-world data is key for accurate assessments. In this paper, distribution grid reliability is modelled by considering three failure mechanisms in a Monte Carlo simulation: bus and line failures within the distribution grid, blackouts of the surrounding grid, and dependent failures due to extreme events. Ten parameters governing the frequency and duration distributions of the three failure mechanisms are tuned using metaheuristic optimization. A subsequent global sensitivity analysis quantifies the importance of the estimated parameters.
加强配电网的可靠性和抵御技术和自然灾害的能力是一项昂贵的努力,包括设备升级和分布式能源。因此,在评估电网可靠性时使用准确的数据是确定有效解决方案的关键。由于文献参数对于特定位置可能不准确,因此根据实际数据调整和验证可靠性模型是准确评估的关键。本文通过蒙特卡罗模拟的三种故障机制对配电网可靠性进行建模:配电网内的母线和线路故障、周围电网的停电以及极端事件引起的依赖故障。使用元启发式优化对控制三种失效机制的频率和持续时间分布的十个参数进行了调优。随后的全局敏感性分析量化了估计参数的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Fast Probabilistic Optimal Power Flow Based on Modified Multi-Parametric Programming 基于修正多参数规划的快速概率最优潮流
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183581
Wei Lin, Juan Yu, Zhifang Yang, Xuebin Wang
With the rapid increase of renewables and power demands, probabilistic optimal power flow (POPF) has become an important tool to investigate the stochastic characteristics of power systems. However, the POPF calculation requires repeatedly solving a tremendous number of optimization problems. The computational burden has been the main bottleneck for its practical applications. To overcome this problem, this paper adopts a linear OPF model with reactive power and voltage magnitude to construct the optimization model for samples. Then, a modified multi-parametric programming process is introduced to fast calculate the optimal solutions of samples by avoiding the iterative optimization process. Compared with the traditional multi-programming process, the reduced affine maps between the sample optimization solutions and the stochastic variables are explicitly formulated while keeping the desired accuracy. The IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus systems are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
随着可再生能源和电力需求的快速增长,概率最优潮流(POPF)已成为研究电力系统随机特性的重要工具。然而,POPF的计算需要反复求解大量的优化问题。计算负担一直是制约其实际应用的主要瓶颈。为了克服这一问题,本文采用带无功功率和电压幅值的线性OPF模型构建样本优化模型。然后,引入改进的多参数规划过程,避免了迭代优化过程,快速计算出样本的最优解;与传统的多规划过程相比,在保证精度的前提下,明确地表达了样本优化解与随机变量之间的简化仿射映射。用IEEE 30总线和118总线系统验证了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Atmospheric circulation archetypes as clustering criteria for wind power inputs into probabilistic power flow analysis 大气环流原型作为风电输入概率潮流分析的聚类准则
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183659
A. Dalton, B. Bekker, M. Koivisto
The variability of the wind resource is the primary challenge associated with the introduction of large scale wind power onto electricity networks. In addressing uncertainties associated with wind power, probabilistic power flow analysis (PPF) is often used in resolving current or future system states. These simulations are informed by input scenarios - i.e. time series that represent conditions being simulated. Thereby defining appropriate input scenarios is a critically important part of the process. This study proposes a novel methodology for clustering wind power time series based on the dominant concurrent atmospheric circulation patterns. These patterns are classified into generalized architypes using Self Organizing Maps. Thereby the probabilistic properties and data dependency structures of wind farms are approximated at the hand of the causative weather phenomena. It was found that this methodology resulted in significant variations in the probabilistic properties of wind power time series and the correlations between wind generators. It is anticipated that this methodology could be effectively applied in defining the input characteristics into operational scenarios within a PPF analysis, and inform correlations between wind farms in spatiotemporal probabilistic forecasts.
风力资源的可变性是将大规模风力发电引入电网的主要挑战。在解决与风力发电相关的不确定性时,概率潮流分析(PPF)通常用于解决当前或未来的系统状态。这些模拟是通过输入场景——即代表被模拟条件的时间序列——来进行的。因此,定义适当的输入场景是该过程中至关重要的一部分。本文提出了一种基于同期大气环流主导型的风电时间序列聚类方法。使用自组织映射将这些模式分类为一般化的体系结构。因此,风电场的概率特性和数据依赖结构近似于致病天气现象。研究发现,这种方法导致风电时间序列的概率特性和风力发电机之间的相关性发生显著变化。预计该方法可以有效地应用于定义PPF分析中运行情景的输入特征,并在时空概率预测中告知风电场之间的相关性。
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引用次数: 3
Predictive and Cooperative Voltage Control with Probabilistic Load and Solar Generation Forecasting 基于概率负荷与太阳能发电预测的电压预测与协同控制
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183699
Shahrzad Mahdavi, Hossein Panamtash, A. Dimitrovski, Qun Zhou
This paper proposes predictive cooperative voltage control method in a power system with high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) units. Cooperative distributed control of the reactive power output of PV inverters is coordinated with operation of voltage regulators (VRs) to maintain system voltages within an appropriate bandwidth. Probabilistic forecasting of the solar power generation and the loads is applied to estimate voltage changes which, in turn, are used to set the VR tap positions for preventing large voltage fluctuations with the lowest risk considering the voltage distribution estimation. The fine tuning of voltage adjustment is achieved by cooperative control of PV inverters to maintain a uniform voltage profile across the system. The proposed method is tested on the modified IEEE 123-node test feeder with high PV penetration using real insolation data and with constant loads replaced by several different load profiles. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the coordinated approach for voltage control with cooperative PV and predictive VR controls taking into account probabilistic load and solar power forecasts.
针对高光伏发电渗透率的电力系统,提出了一种预测协同电压控制方法。光伏逆变器无功输出的协同分布式控制与稳压器(VRs)的运行相协调,以保持系统电压在适当的带宽内。利用太阳能发电和负荷的概率预测来估计电压变化,进而根据电压分布估计,设置虚拟现实分接位置,以防止电压出现较大波动,风险最低。电压调整的微调是通过光伏逆变器的协同控制来实现的,以保持整个系统的均匀电压分布。该方法在改进的IEEE 123节点测试馈线上进行了测试,该馈线具有高光伏渗透率,使用真实日照数据,并用几种不同的负载剖面代替恒定负载。仿真结果表明,在考虑概率负荷和太阳能发电预测的情况下,PV和预测VR协同电压控制方法是有效的。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2020 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)
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