Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2024.12.003
Han Xin , Yifan Guo , Yu Hu , Yuanyuan Chang , Yujing Guo , Linlin Shi
Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries as well as in material science. During the last decades, visible-light-promoted photoredox catalysis has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing quinoxalin-2(1H)-one scaffolds under exceptionally mild conditions. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in photocatalytic direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxaline-2(1H)-ones, including the construction of C(3)–C bonds and C(3)–RF/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds, as well as the related reaction mechanisms. We aim to enhance the methods for the reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones at the C-3 position, which have extensive applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
{"title":"Recent advancements in visible-light-induced direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones","authors":"Han Xin , Yifan Guo , Yu Hu , Yuanyuan Chang , Yujing Guo , Linlin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quinoxalin-2(1<em>H</em>)-ones are unique nitrogen-containing organic compounds with wide applications in the agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries as well as in material science. During the last decades, visible-light-promoted photoredox catalysis has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing quinoxalin-2(1<em>H</em>)-one scaffolds under exceptionally mild conditions. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in photocatalytic direct C(3)–H functionalization of quinoxaline-2(1<em>H</em>)-ones, including the construction of C(3)–C bonds and C(3)–R<sub>F</sub>/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds, as well as the related reaction mechanisms. We aim to enhance the methods for the reaction of quinoxalin-2(1<em>H</em>)-ones at the C-3 position, which have extensive applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 34-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.009
J.L. Santos , D. Yu. Murzin , M.A. Centeno
The study explores the feasibility of producing ruthenium catalysts supported on char through a one-pot synthesis, an original approach for the preparation of noble metal-based catalysts in this field. This method combines high-temperature stages, such as catalytic support carburization and catalyst activation, in a single step. The innovation represents a significant advancement in utilizing cellulose as a model of waste biomass, enhancing its value, and reducing catalyst production costs. The one-pot catalysts were successfully tested in the hydrogenation reaction of sugar mixtures (L-Arabinose and D-Galactose) under mild conditions, achieving full selectivities. The research also introduces for the first time in that reaction a structural sensitivity analysis of the reaction, comparing experimental results with a theoretical model. The findings reveal a direct correlation between catalytic activity and the {0001} exposed face of hcp ruthenium nanoclusters. This discovery opens new avenues for industrial-scale catalyst development, promising substantial reductions in energy and production costs, and emphasizing the economic appeal of the process.
{"title":"Efficient one-pot synthesis of ruthenium catalysts and their role in optimizing sugar alcohol production: Investigating structural sensitivity","authors":"J.L. Santos , D. Yu. Murzin , M.A. Centeno","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study explores the feasibility of producing ruthenium catalysts supported on char through a one-pot synthesis, an original approach for the preparation of noble metal-based catalysts in this field. This method combines high-temperature stages, such as catalytic support carburization and catalyst activation, in a single step. The innovation represents a significant advancement in utilizing cellulose as a model of waste biomass, enhancing its value, and reducing catalyst production costs. The one-pot catalysts were successfully tested in the hydrogenation reaction of sugar mixtures (L-Arabinose and D-Galactose) under mild conditions, achieving full selectivities. The research also introduces for the first time in that reaction a structural sensitivity analysis of the reaction, comparing experimental results with a theoretical model. The findings reveal a direct correlation between catalytic activity and the {0001} exposed face of hcp ruthenium nanoclusters. This discovery opens new avenues for industrial-scale catalyst development, promising substantial reductions in energy and production costs, and emphasizing the economic appeal of the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 88-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of a Mitsunobu reaction is an important topic. Denton and co-workers first reported a novel (2-hydroxybenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide for realizing the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction via a five-membered phosphonium species. However, it is still worth investigating how to improve catalysts with higher efficiency. Guided by computational and experimental studies, we designed a new type of biphenyl-based phosphine oxide that would form a six-membered phosphonium species as a key intermediate to trigger the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction with a lower barrier of the rate-determining step (30.3 kcal/mol). DFT calculations revealed that only trans dehydration was participated in our catalytic progress and a strong π-π interaction and small spatial constraint of TS-V were crucial for high behavior. This readily accessible, highly stable, easily recyclable and efficient catalyst would boost the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction.
{"title":"Development of a more efficient catalyst for the redox-neutral organocatalytic mitsunobu reaction by DFT-guided catalyst design","authors":"Dingguo Song , Changjun Zhang , Yuqi Cheng , Linlin Chen, Jie Lin, Changdi Zheng, Ting Liu, Yuxin Ding, Fei Ling, Weihui Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of a Mitsunobu reaction is an important topic. Denton and co-workers first reported a novel (2-hydroxybenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide for realizing the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction <em>via</em> a five-membered phosphonium species. However, it is still worth investigating how to improve catalysts with higher efficiency. Guided by computational and experimental studies, we designed a new type of biphenyl-based phosphine oxide that would form a six-membered phosphonium species as a key intermediate to trigger the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction with a lower barrier of the rate-determining step (30.3 kcal/mol). DFT calculations revealed that only trans dehydration was participated in our catalytic progress and a strong <em>π</em>-<em>π</em> interaction and small spatial constraint of <strong>TS-V</strong> were crucial for high behavior. This readily accessible, highly stable, easily recyclable and efficient catalyst would boost the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.09.002
Jinjin Chen , Pingyu Jiang , Xinping Liu , Huawen Huang , Guojiang Mao , Guo-Jun Deng
The Pictet-Spengler/transamination cascade reaction enables modular synthesis of marinoquinoline analogues through three-component indole ring-expansion/cyclization in the manner of novel N1–C2 cleavage of indoles. This metal-free protocol exhibits very broad functional group tolerance with up to quantitative yields. Preliminary studies on the antitumor activity of the resultant marinoquinoline analogues reveal that the indolyl-attached pyrrolo[2,3-c]quinoline product (5d) shows great potential (IC50 of 0.32 μg/mL to HeLa cells) as a promising anticancer agent in clinic.
{"title":"Pictet-spengler/transamination cascade reaction of indoles for modular synthesis of marinoquinoline analogues","authors":"Jinjin Chen , Pingyu Jiang , Xinping Liu , Huawen Huang , Guojiang Mao , Guo-Jun Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Pictet-Spengler/transamination cascade reaction enables modular synthesis of marinoquinoline analogues through three-component indole ring-expansion/cyclization in the manner of novel N1–C2 cleavage of indoles. This metal-free protocol exhibits very broad functional group tolerance with up to quantitative yields. Preliminary studies on the antitumor activity of the resultant marinoquinoline analogues reveal that the indolyl-attached pyrrolo[2,3-<em>c</em>]quinoline product (<strong>5d</strong>) shows great potential (IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.32 μg/mL to HeLa cells) as a promising anticancer agent in clinic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 310-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.010
Yanyan Que , Wenli Lei , Yin Fang , Shuzhong He , Yang Chen
Allenes are a class of unsaturated compounds containing a propadiene structural moiety, exhibiting essential physiological, pharmacological, and various reactivities. Their (4 + 3) cycloaddition reaction has become an effective method for synthesizing seven-membered rings, especially for heterocycles. This method has been continuously improved and developed. Herein, we review the (4 + 3) cycloaddition of allenes, focusing on the developed methodologies and the outlook in this field from 2013 to 2023.
{"title":"Recent advances in (4 + 3) cycloaddition of allenes","authors":"Yanyan Que , Wenli Lei , Yin Fang , Shuzhong He , Yang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allenes are a class of unsaturated compounds containing a propadiene structural moiety, exhibiting essential physiological, pharmacological, and various reactivities. Their (4 + 3) cycloaddition reaction has become an effective method for synthesizing seven-membered rings, especially for heterocycles. This method has been continuously improved and developed. Herein, we review the (4 + 3) cycloaddition of allenes, focusing on the developed methodologies and the outlook in this field from 2013 to 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 270-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138543705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2024.04.008
Maolin Yang , Yukun Liu , Xin Qi , Yanhua Zhao , Xiao-Feng Wu
The development of catalytic carbonylation reactions has increased considerably. Although many reviews/chapters/books on carbonylation reactions have been published, summaries on cheap metal-catalyzed catalytic carbonylation reactions of aryl halides and other chemical bonds with high dissociation energy C–Y (Y = O, N, H) are still very rare. Focusing on green and sustainable chemistry, this review summarizes and discusses the achievements on carbonylative transformations of aryl halides (C(sp2)–X) and strong bonds C–Y (Y = O, N, H) based on non-expensive metal catalysts (Co, Mn, Mo, Ni, Fe, Cu), photochemical and electrochemical systems developed in recent decades.
{"title":"Carbonylative transformation of aryl halides and strong bonds via cheap metal catalysts and sustainable technologies","authors":"Maolin Yang , Yukun Liu , Xin Qi , Yanhua Zhao , Xiao-Feng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of catalytic carbonylation reactions has increased considerably. Although many reviews/chapters/books on carbonylation reactions have been published, summaries on cheap metal-catalyzed catalytic carbonylation reactions of aryl halides and other chemical bonds with high dissociation energy C–Y (Y = O, N, H) are still very rare. Focusing on green and sustainable chemistry, this review summarizes and discusses the achievements on carbonylative transformations of aryl halides (C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–X) and strong bonds C–Y (Y = O, N, H) based on non-expensive metal catalysts (Co, Mn, Mo, Ni, Fe, Cu), photochemical and electrochemical systems developed in recent decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 211-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.08.002
Linlin Shi , Tiantian Li , Wenjing Zhang , Weinan Hu , Xinju Zhu , Yixin Lu , Guang-Jian Mei
Visible-light induced direct C–H difluoromethylation of quinoxalinones with 2-((difluoromethyl)sulfonyl)benzo[d]thiazole has been developed for the first time. A broad range of quinoxalinones were well tolerated and reacted with difluorosulfone smoothly to give the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. Notably, no external photocatalyst or oxidant was required, which provides a practical and green protocol to access difluoromethylated quinoxalinones. Finally, the control experiments demonstrated a radical mechanism, and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated the radicals were generated through the formation of an electron donor−acceptor (EDA) complex.
{"title":"Visible-light induced photocatalyst-free difluoromethylation of quinoxalinones with difluorosulfones","authors":"Linlin Shi , Tiantian Li , Wenjing Zhang , Weinan Hu , Xinju Zhu , Yixin Lu , Guang-Jian Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visible-light induced direct C–H difluoromethylation of quinoxalinones with 2-((difluoromethyl)sulfonyl)benzo[d]thiazole has been developed for the first time. A broad range of quinoxalinones were well tolerated and reacted with difluorosulfone smoothly to give the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. Notably, no external photocatalyst or oxidant was required, which provides a practical and green protocol to access difluoromethylated quinoxalinones. Finally, the control experiments demonstrated a radical mechanism, and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated the radicals were generated through the formation of an electron donor−acceptor (EDA) complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 277-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80415171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.003
Dangui Wang , Jinbei Yao , Wentao Zhang , Shuyue Zhang , Huaibin Yu , Laihu Peng , Weijun Yao , Zhifeng Dai , Guojiao Wu , Fangrui Zhong
C(sp2)-H amination represents an attractive approach for the synthesis of enamines, which is intrinsically associated with the challenge of controlling of stereochemistry and primarily relying on transition-metal catalysis. Herein, a metal-free C(sp2)-H amination of α-substituted styrenes has been achieved, leading to stereodivergent formation of both E- and Z-enamines in 50 %–97 % yield under mild conditions by using PhI(OAc)2 as a green oxidant and ortho-phenylenediamines as nitrogen source. Interestingly, the Z/E selectivity can be controlled readily by switching the reaction medium. E-isomers were formed preferentially in THF, whereas n-hexane favored the formation of Z-isomers. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that in situ formed ortho-benzoquinone diimides are the key intermediates, and there is a correlation between solvent polarity and stereoselectivity. This study enriches the chemical repertoire of ortho-benzoquinone diimides particularly with respect to sustainable amination.
{"title":"Solvent-controlled stereodivergent synthesis of E- and Z-enamines via metal-free formal C(sp2)-H amination of α-substituted styrenes","authors":"Dangui Wang , Jinbei Yao , Wentao Zhang , Shuyue Zhang , Huaibin Yu , Laihu Peng , Weijun Yao , Zhifeng Dai , Guojiao Wu , Fangrui Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C(sp<sup>2</sup>)-H amination represents an attractive approach for the synthesis of enamines, which is intrinsically associated with the challenge of controlling of stereochemistry and primarily relying on transition-metal catalysis. Herein, a metal-free C(sp<sup>2</sup>)-H amination of α-substituted styrenes has been achieved, leading to stereodivergent formation of both <em>E</em>- and <em>Z</em>-enamines in 50 %–97 % yield under mild conditions by using PhI(OAc)<sub>2</sub> as a green oxidant and <em>ortho</em>-phenylenediamines as nitrogen source. Interestingly, the <em>Z</em>/<em>E</em> selectivity can be controlled readily by switching the reaction medium. <em>E</em>-isomers were formed preferentially in THF, whereas <em>n</em>-hexane favored the formation of <em>Z</em>-isomers. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that in situ formed <em>ortho</em>-benzoquinone diimides are the key intermediates, and there is a correlation between solvent polarity and stereoselectivity. This study enriches the chemical repertoire of <em>ortho</em>-benzoquinone diimides particularly with respect to sustainable amination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 324-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135764107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.10.001
Yanhong Wang , Xinlei Zhou , Tao Zhang , Xinxin Ren , Wei Xu , Bin Wang , Weiwei Jin , Yu Xia , Chenjiang Liu , Yonghong Zhang
A metal-free visible-light-induced synthesis of aza-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via cascade alkylation/cyclization of N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzimidazole was developed. The reaction was carried out with inactive alkanes and cyclic ethers as alkylation reagents, and phenanthrenequinone (PQ) as a direct hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) photocatalyst. The desired products were obtained in moderate to good yields at room temperature under air.
{"title":"Visible-light-induced radical-cascade alkylation/cyclization of N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzimidazole: Access to benzoimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones","authors":"Yanhong Wang , Xinlei Zhou , Tao Zhang , Xinxin Ren , Wei Xu , Bin Wang , Weiwei Jin , Yu Xia , Chenjiang Liu , Yonghong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A metal-free visible-light-induced synthesis of aza-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons <em>via</em> cascade alkylation/cyclization of <em>N</em>-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzimidazole was developed. The reaction was carried out with inactive alkanes and cyclic ethers as alkylation reagents, and phenanthrenequinone (PQ) as a direct hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) photocatalyst. The desired products were obtained in moderate to good yields at room temperature under air.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 319-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135851083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.08.004
Wanjun Chen , Xinlong Yan , Lin Fan , Xu Guo , Jian Yang , Yiming Chen , Shaofang Zhou , Guodu Liu
The construction of chiral quaternary carbon stereocenters is a significant challenge in asymmetric synthesis. Catalytic synthesis of these structures with trisubstituted allylic alcohols is highly important. However, most of the reported methodologies required noble transition-metals. Herein we reported the first highly asymmetric stereoselective synthesis of cyclopentanes bearing chiral quaternary carbon stereocenters of trisubstituted allylic siloxanes by reductive cyclization of all carbon 1,6-alkynones with the non-noble nickel catalysis of Ni(cod)2 with P-chiral monophosphine ligand (S)-BIDIME. Various multi-substituted functionalized cyclopentanes were obtained in high yields (up to 96%), excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) and perfect stereoselectivities (>99:1 E/Z). Thirty-two examples were successfully established for this method. Clarified mechanism studies were investigated first time by React-IR and DFT calculations to understand and explain the ligand-control of excellent enantio-stereoselectivity. Gram-scale reaction and control experiments were carried out. A new reaction design was proposed for further application of this type of catalysis.
{"title":"Highly enantio-stereoselective Ni-catalyzed reductive cyclization to cyclopentanes with chiral quaternary centres of trisubstituted allylic siloxanes","authors":"Wanjun Chen , Xinlong Yan , Lin Fan , Xu Guo , Jian Yang , Yiming Chen , Shaofang Zhou , Guodu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction of chiral quaternary carbon stereocenters is a significant challenge in asymmetric synthesis. Catalytic synthesis of these structures with trisubstituted allylic alcohols is highly important. However, most of the reported methodologies required noble transition-metals. Herein we reported the first highly asymmetric stereoselective synthesis of cyclopentanes bearing chiral quaternary carbon stereocenters of trisubstituted allylic siloxanes by reductive cyclization of all carbon 1,6-alkynones with the non-noble nickel catalysis of Ni(cod)<sub>2</sub> with <em>P</em>-chiral monophosphine ligand <strong>(<em>S</em>)-BIDIME</strong>. Various multi-substituted functionalized cyclopentanes were obtained in high yields (up to 96%), excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% <em>ee</em>) and perfect stereoselectivities (>99:1 <em>E/Z</em>). Thirty-two examples were successfully established for this method. Clarified mechanism studies were investigated first time by React-IR and DFT calculations to understand and explain the ligand-control of excellent enantio-stereoselectivity. Gram-scale reaction and control experiments were carried out. A new reaction design was proposed for further application of this type of catalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 282-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89588262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}